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Resumen Antecedentes: Sinaloa es uno de los estados de México con mayor necesidad de estudios florísticos. Preguntas: ¿Cuáles son las plantas endémicas de Sinaloa? ¿cuáles son las regiones con mayor endemismo? ¿cuál es su importancia etnobotánica? ¿cuáles son las especies prioritarias para la conservación? Especies de estudio: Plantas vasculares endémicas. Sitio y años de estudio: Sinaloa, México; 2018-2021. Métodos: Revisión de bibliografía, colecciones de herbarios y bases de datos electrónicas; trabajo de campo en localidades tipo y de distribución potencial de las especies endémicas. Se diseñó y aplicó un Índice de Conservación Prioritaria con base en parámetros ecológicos y etnobotánicos. Resultados: Se registraron 77 especies endémicas estrictas a Sinaloa, incluidas en 30 familias y 61 géneros; 209 especies se comparten con uno o dos estados vecinos entre sí. Las sierras de Surutato, Concordia y Tacuichamona albergan la mayor cantidad de endemismo estricto. Más de la mitad de las especies se conocen solo de la localidad tipo y seis de ellas no han sido colectadas en más de 100 años. Se redescubrieron especies como Lopezia conjugens y Croton ortegae que no habían sido colectadas en más de 100 y 70 años, respectivamente. Ebenopsis caesalpinioides, Stenocereus martinezii y Aloysia nahuire fueron clasificadas como especies prioritarias por su alto valor biocultural. Conclusiones: Las plantas endémicas de Sinaloa tienen alta diversidad taxonómica y valor cultural. El presente trabajo identificó especies y sitios prioritarios de conservación, especies de importancia biocultural, las mayores necesidades de colecta y las especies potencialmente extintas.

Abstract Background: Sinaloa is among the states with the fewest floristic studies in Mexico. Questions: What plants are endemic to Sinaloa? What areas have the highest levels of endemism? What is their ethnobotanical significance? What are the priority species for conservation? Studied species Endemic vascular plants. Study site and dates: Sinaloa, Mexico; 2018-2021. Methods: Specialized literature, herbarium specimens, and electronic databases were consulted; the field work focused on type localities and other potential distribution sites for the endemic species. A Priority Conservation Index (PCI) was designed and applied, based on ecological and ethnobotanical parameters. Results: There are 77 strict endemic species, as well as 209 species shared with one or two neighbor states. The first belong to 30 families and 61 genera. The mountain ranges of Surutato, Concordia, and Tacuichamona have the most strictly endemic plants. More than half of the species are only known from the type locality and six of them have not been collected in more than 100 years. Lopezia conjugens and Croton ortegae were rediscovered after more than 100 and 70 years, respectively. Ebenopsis caesalpinioides, Stenocereus martinezii, and Aloysia nahuire were the priority species due to their high biocultural value. Conclusions: The endemic plants from Sinaloa show high taxonomic diversity and cultural value. This work identified species and sites of conservation priority, as well as the needs for collection and the potential of extinct species.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3076

Cross-cultural invariance of the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Assessment Scorecard to measure the perception of government actions against COVID-19 in Latin America
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Caycho-Rodríguez, Tomás

; Valencia, Pablo D.

; Ventura-León, José

; Carbajal-León, Carlos

; Vilca, Lindsey W.

; Reyes-Bossio, Mario

; Delgado-Campusano, Mariel

; Yupanqui-Lorenzo, Daniel E.

; Paredes-Angeles, Rubí

; Rojas-Jara, Claudio

; Gallegos, Miguel

; Cervigni, Mauricio

; Martino, Pablo

; Polanco-Carrasco, Roberto

; Palacios, Diego Alejandro

; Moreta-Herrera, Rodrigo

; Samaniego-Pinho, Antonio

; Rivera, Marlon Elías Lobos

; Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo

; Puerta-Cortés, Diana Ximena

; Corrales-Reyes, Ibraín Enrique

; Calderón, Raymundo

; Gallegos, Walter L. Arias

; Petzold, Olimpia

; Camargo, Andrés

; Torales, Julio

; Blanco, J. Arkangel Monge

; González, Pedronel

; Smith-Castro, Vanessa

; Rivera, Wendy Yamilet Matute

; Ferrufino-Borja, Daniela

; Ceballos-Vásquez, Paula

; Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia, Agueda

; Palacios, Jorge

; Burgos-Videla, Carmen

; León, Ana María Eduviges Florez

; Vergara, Ibeth

; Vega, Diego

; Barria-Asenjo, Nicol A.

; Schulmeyer, Marion K.

; Rios, Hassell Tatiana Urrutia

; Lira, Arelly Esther Lira

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

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2023, Volume 36 elocation 34

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries. Methods A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling participated. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the alignment method was used to evaluate invariance. Additionally, a graded response model was used for the assessment of item characteristics. Results The results indicate that there is approximate measurement invariance of the COVID-SCORE-10 among the participating countries. Furthermore, IRT results suggest that the COVID-SCORE-10 measures with good psychometric ability a broad spectrum of the construct assessed, especially around average levels. Comparison of COVID-SCORE-10 scores indicated that participants from Cuba, Uruguay and El Salvador had the most positive perceptions of government actions to address the pandemic. Thus, the underlying construct of perception of government actions was equivalent in all countries. Conclusion The results show the importance of initially establishing the fundamental measurement properties and MI before inferring the cross-cultural universality of the construct to be measured.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00277-9

Main reasons for hospital admission in patients with Parkinson’s disease and their relationship with the days of hospitalization
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Marín, Gerardo

; Torres-Pineda, Osvaldo

; Castillo-Rangel, Carlos

; Diaz Chiguer, Dylan L.

; Zarate-Calderon, Cristofer J.

; Torres-Pasillas, Juan G.

; Viveros-Martínez, Iraís

; Vásquez-Celaya, Lizbeth

; Hernández Briones, Zuleyma S.

; Vega-Quesada, Helena G.

; Vega-Quesada, Luis A.

; García-Hernández, Luis I.

Revista mexicana de neurociencia

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dec 2022, Volume 23 N. 6 Pages 195 - 201

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Es necesario estudiar las principales comorbilidades de la enfermedad de Parkinson que provocan este aumento de hospitalizaciones. Comparar el promedio de días de estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson más una comorbilidad contra el promedio de días de estancia hospitalaria sin esa comorbilidad e informar aquellos que fueron estadísticamente significativos. Metodología: Tomando pacientes con EP desde el Hospital “1 de octubre”, se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, transversal y analítico en el que se evaluó la relación de los días de hospitalización con y sin comorbilidades, encontrando cuáles serían las comorbilidades que se convierten en un factor de protección o riesgo de prolongar la estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes con EP y así sugerir la prioridad del tratamiento de estas condiciones. Resultados: De los 37 pacientes se encontraron 14 comorbilidades diferentes, de las cuales Hipotiroidismo (= 2), Infarto agudo de miocardio/dislipidemia (= 4), TCE (= 4), presentan una disminución en el número de días Pacientes hospitalizados con respecto a la media de pacientes que no presentan estas comorbilidades, en comparación, úlcera sacra (= 32,5) y neumonía (= 31) muestran un aumento de los días de hospitalización con respecto a la media. Conclusión: Se encontraron 14 comorbilidades en la enfermedad de Parkinson. Los pacientes con úlcera sacra y neumonía son hospitalizados por más tiempo en comparación con las diferentes comorbilidades. Se recomienda prestar especial atención y cuidado para prevenir/tratar estas patologías para reducir el número de días de hospitalización.

Abstract Objective: It is necessary to study the main comorbidities of Parkinson’s disease that causes this increase in hospitalization. The aim of the study was to compare the mean days of hospital stay of patients with Parkinson’s disease plus a comorbidity against the mean days of hospital stay without that comorbidity and to report those which were statistically significant. Methods: Taking patients with PD from “1 de octubre” Hospital, an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study was carried out in which the relationship of days of hospitalization with and without comorbidities was evaluated, finding which would be the comorbidities that were they become a factor of protection or risk of prolonging the hospital stay of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and thus suggest the priority of treating these conditions. Results: Of the 37 patients, 14 different comorbidities were found, of which hypothyroidism (= 2), acute myocardial infarction/dyslipidemia (= 4), and traumatic brain injury (= 4) present a decrease in the number of days hospitalized patients with respect to the mean of patients who do not have these comorbidities, in comparison, sacral ulcer (= 32.5) and pneumonia (= 31) show an increase in the days of hospitalization with respect to the mean. Conclusion: Fourteen comorbidities were found in PD. Patients with sacral ulcer and pneumonia are hospitalized for a longer time compared to the different comorbidities. It is recommended to pay special attention and care to prevent/treat these pathologies to reduce the number of days of hospitalization.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmn.22000015

Analysis of beam-column elements on non-homogeneous soil using the differential transformation method
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Carvajal-Muñoz, Juan S.

; Vega-Posada, Carlos A.

; Saldarriaga-Molina, Julio C.

Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia

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jun 2022, N. 103 Pages 67 - 76

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Este artículo describe un método analítico para el análisis de elementos viga-columna con condiciones de borde generalizadas apoyadas en una fundación elástica Pasternak homogénea o no-homogénea. La formulación matemática utilizada en este documento es una presentada recientemente por el autor principal. La ecuación diferencial (ED) que gobierna el comportamiento del elemento viga-columna se resuelve utilizando el método de transformación diferencial (DTM). Para el modelo estructural propuesto, el DTM ofrece ventajas prácticas sobre otros métodos. La formulación propuesta proporciona la flexibilidad de tener en cuenta i) carga lateral y axial combinada en los extremos del elemento, ii) suelo homogéneo o no-homogéneo, iii) fundación elástica Pasternak, y iv) una carga transversal arbitraria externa que actúa a lo largo del elemento. Los efectos de varias relaciones de esbeltez, relaciones de rigidez y condiciones de borde clásicas e intermedias se pueden estudiar fácilmente con la formulación propuesta. Se presentan ejemplos para validar la precisión del modelo y su aplicabilidad en una amplia gama de análisis.

ABSTRACT This paper describes an analytical approach to conduct an analysis of beam-column elements with generalized end-boundary conditions on a homogeneous or non-homogeneous Pasternak elastic foundation. The mathematical formulation utilized herein is that presented by the senior author in a recent work. The differential equation (DE) governing the behavior of the beam-column element is solved using the differential transformation method (DTM). The DTM offers practical advantages over other conventional approaches when solving the proposed structural model. The proposed formulation provides the flexibility to account for i) combined lateral and axial load at the ends of the element, ii) homogeneous or non-homogeneous soil, iii) Pasternak elastic foundation, and iv) an external arbitrary transverse load acting on the element. The effects of various slenderness ratios, pile-soil stiffness ratios, and classical and semirigid boundary conditions can be easily studied with the proposed formulation. Examples are presented to validate the accuracy of the model and its applicability over a wide range of analyses.

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20210218 48 downloads

Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844) a Pacific fat sleeper, but skinny in research: a scientometric study
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Aréchiga-Palomera, Martín A.

; Nieves-Rodríguez, Karen N.

; Chong-Carrillo, Olimpia

; Nolasco-Soria, Héctor

; Peña-Marín, Emyr S.

; Álvarez-González, Carlos A.

; Palma-Cancino, David J.

; Martínez-García, Rafael

; Badillo-Zapata, Daniel

; Vega-Villasante, Fernando

Latin american journal of aquatic research

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may 2022, Volume 50 N. 3 Pages 451 - 460

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In order to provide information on the current knowledge about the native fish Dormitator latifrons and identify the gaps that must be filled to achieve correct resource management, a scientometric study was carried out using different scientific databases. A total of 103 publications were registered between the years 1972 and 2021. Results indicate that the species has been addressed since 2001 with less than one publication per year, with 2008 being the year with the highest number of publications (10). The main topics addressed were ecology, physiology, and parasitology of fish. The available knowledge generated about the species is concentrated in 68 journals, with Mexico as the most productive country, followed by USA and Ecuador, and the most productive research centers about this fish were Mexico’s Instituto Politécnico Nacional and Universidad de Guadalajara. A total of 285 authors were detected contributing knowledge to the species, with Violante-González in the top with ten publications. The co-authorship co-occurrence maps suggest there is no solid collaborative relationship between the scientific community and that the information generated is insufficient for conserving and exploiting this fish. It is essential to increase the study of thematic areas that allow their comprehensive management in the medium term; topics like reproduction in captivity, aquaculture, and nutrition must be addressed in the future to assure a sustainable use of this resource.

https://doi.org/10.3856/vol50-issue3-fulltext-2784 11 downloads

Análisis clínico y radiográfico del vástago de cadera no cementado “CEMENTFREE”® de fabricación nacional. Resultados a corto plazo
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Vega, Carlos A.

; Sued, Matías

; Moruno Cossio, Favio

; Balderrama Uriona, Gustavo

; Vergara, Fernanda

; Garavano, Esteban

; Jimenez Rios, Wilmer

; Mazzeneth Contreras, Alnner

Revista de la Asociación Argentina de Ortopedia y Traumatología

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may 2022, Volume 87 N. 3 Pages 316 - 324

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La estabilidad del componente femoral y su resistencia al hundimiento son factores críticos para lograr una correcta osteointegración y el éxito clínico de la artroplastia total de cadera no cementada. Hay pocos estudios que evalúen los resultados con vástagos de fabricación nacional, aun los de corto y mediano plazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis clínico y radiográfico de pacientes sometidos a un reemplazo total de cadera con implante de un componente femoral de fabricación nacional (CEMENTFREE®). Materiales y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo con pacientes sometidos a un reemplazo total de cadera con vástago CEMENTFREE®, entre enero de 2015 y agosto de 2020, a cargo del mismo cirujano y en la misma institución. Resultados: Se implantaron 46 vástagos sin cementación en 42 pacientes (rango etario: 60-81 años). El seguimiento promedio fue de 3 años (mín. 1 año, máx. 5 años). Aplicando el Harris Hip Score se observó una franca mejoría (promedio 47 en el preoperatorio y 93 después de la cirugía). La tasa de supervivencia fue del 100% a los 5 años. Conclusión: La artroplastia de cadera con el vástago CEMENTFREE® de fabricación nacional ha demostrado ser una opción comparable con otros vástagos importados, en cuanto a los resultados clínicos y radiográficos a corto plazo. Resta evaluar los resultados a mediano y largo plazo.

Abstract Introduction: The stability of the femoral component and its resistance to subsidence are critical factors to achieve correct osseointegration and subsequent clinical success in cementless total hip arthroplasty. Few studies have evaluated the results of nationally manufactured stems, even in the short and medium term. Our objective is to clinically and radiologically analyze patients undergoing a total hip replacement with a nationally manufactured femoral component (Cementfree® stem). Materials and Methods: We carried out a retrospective study on patients who had undergone a total hip replacement with the Cementfree® stem between January 2015 and August 2020 by the same surgeon and at the same institution. Results: 46 uncemented stems were implanted in 42 patients with an age range between 60 and 81 years. The average follow-up was 3 years, with a minimum of 1 year and a maximum of 5 years. There was an evident improvement in the Harris Hip Score (an average of 47 preoperatively vs. 93 after surgery). The revision of the stem for aseptic loosening, in the Kaplan Meier analysis, demonstrated a 100% survival rate at 5 years. Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this research, hip arthroplasty with the nationally manufactured Cementfree® stem has proven to be an option comparable to other imported stems in terms of short-term clinical and radiographic outcomes. An evaluation of the outcomes in the medium and long term is pending.

https://doi.org/10.15417/issn.1852-7434.2022.87.3.1489

Consenso peruano para el uso de la resonancia magnética en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple
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Caparó-Zamalloa, César

; Cabrejo-Bravo, José A.

; Castañeda-Barba, Carlos

; Cortez-Escalante, Jaqueline

; Cruz-Cruz, Ana

; Dueñas-Pacheco, Iván

; Escalante-Narrea, Diego

; Escalante-Rojas, Ronald

; Gonzalez-Mujica, Jessica

; Guevara-Vidal, Alembert

; Huamani, Charles

; Nisiama-Vera, Julio C.

; Pérez-Alviz, Carlos A.

; Rodríguez-Kadota, Liliana E

; Vega-Wong, Pamela A.

Revista de Neuro-Psiquiatría

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apr 2022, Volume 85 N. 2 Pages 95 - 106

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY The use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has optimized the care of the affected patients. Several international working groups have tried to clarify and standardize the global use of MRI but, on many occasions, data are extrapolated from other regions, do not contemplate local realities or are difficult to implement. Objective: To reach a consensus on aspects related to the use of MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with MS in Peru. Material and Methods: A group of Peruvian experts (neurologists and radiologists) worked on the elaboration of the consensus using a remote survey round methodology. Results: The recommendations, established on the basis of published evidence and on the experts’ criteria, focused on the role of both, the conventional MRI techniques and the measurement of brain atrophy in MS patients both at the time of diagnosis and during the follow-up period Conclusions: The consensual recommendations could potentially assist in the standardization and optimization of the care and follow-up of patients with MS in our country.

RESUMEN El uso de la resonancia magnética (RM) en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM) ha optimizado el cuidado de los pacientes afectados. Diversos grupos internacionales de trabajo han intentado clarificar y normatizar el uso global de la RM pero, en muchas ocasiones, se extrapolan datos de otras regiones que no contemplan la realidad de cada lugar o son difíciles de implementar. Objetivo: Consensuar aspectos relacionados con el uso de RM en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de pacientes con EM en el Perú. Material y Métodos: Un grupo de expertos peruanos, conformado por neurólogos y radiólogos, condujo la elaboración del consenso mediante metodología de ronda de encuestas a la distancia. Resultados: Las recomendaciones, basadas en la evidencia publicada y en el criterio de los expertos, enfocaron tanto el rol de las técnicas convencionales de RM como el de la medición de la atrofia cerebral en pacientes con EM al momento del diagnóstico y durante el periodo de seguimiento. Conclusiones: Las recomendaciones del consenso podrán potencialmente homogenizar y optimizar el cuidado y seguimiento de pacientes con EM en nuestro país.

https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v85i2.4227

Guía de práctica clínica mexicana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias y enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica
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Pavía-López, Abel A.

; Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Ruiz-Gastelum, Edith D.

; Mayorga-Butrón, José L.

; Mehta, Roopa

; Díaz-Aragón, Filiberto A.

; Aldrete-Velasco, Jorge A.

; López-Juárez, Nitzia

; Cruz-Bautista, Ivette

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Secchi-Nicolás, Nikos C.

; Guerrero-Martínez, Francisco J.

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Mendoza-Zubieta, Victoria

; Fanghänel-Salmon, Guillermo

; Valdivia-Proa, Martha

; Olmos-Domínguez, Luis

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

; Dávila-Maldonado, Luis

; Vázquez-Rangel, Armando

; Pavia-Aubry, Vanina

; Nava-Hernández, María de los A.

; Hinojosa-Becerril, Carlos A.

; Anda-Garay, Juan C.

; Ríos-Ibarra, Manuel O. de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Tapia-Hernández, Mónica

; Cano-Nigenda, Claudia V.

; Guerra-López, Arturo

; Elías-López, Josué

; Figueroa-Morales, Marco A.

; Montaño-Velázquez, Bertha B.

; Velasco-Hidalgo, Liliana

; Rodríguez-Lozano, Ana L.

; Pimentel-Hernández, Claudia

; Baquero-Hoyos, María M.

; Romero-Moreno, Felipe

; Rodríguez-Vega, Mario

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2022, Volume 92 Suppl. 1 Pages 1 - 62

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and Mexico is no exception. The epidemiological data obtained in 1990 showed that cardiovascular diseases represented 19.8% of all causes of death in our country. This figure increased significantly to 25.5% for 2015. Some national surveys suggest that more than 60% of the adult population has at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease (obesity or overweight, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemias). On the other hand, data from the Pan American Health Organization have linked the process of atherosclerosis as the first cause of premature death, significantly reducing life expectancy, which has enormous social repercussions. Objective: This document constitutes the Clinical Practice Guide (CPG) prepared at the initiative of the Mexican Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the Mexican Society of Nutrition and Endocrinology, AC, National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico, AC, Mexican Association for the Prevention of Atherosclerosis and its Complications, AC, National Normative Committee of General Medicine, AC, National College of Geriatric Medicine, AC, College of Internal Medicine of Mexico, AC, Mexican Society of Angiology and Vascular and Endovenous Surgery, AC, Mexican Institute of Research Nephrological, AC and the Mexican Academy of Neurology, A.C.; with the methodological support of the Ibero-American Agency for the Development and Evaluation of Health Technologies, in order to establish recommendations based on the best available evidence and agreed upon by an interdisciplinary group of experts. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations to help decision makers in the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemias in our country. Material and methods: This document complies with international quality standards, such as those described by the Institute of Medicine of the USA, the Institute of Clinical Excellence of Great Britain, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network and the Guidelines International Network. A multidisciplinary group of clinical experts and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and the development of clinical practice guidelines was formed. A scope document was agreed upon, relevant clinical questions were established, the best available evidence critically evaluated in systematic literature reviews was exhaustively identified, and clinical recommendations were developed. The modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to achieve an adequate level of consensus in each of the recommendations contained in this CPG. Results: 23 clinical questions were agreed upon which gave rise to their respective clinical recommendations. Conclusions: We consider that this document contributes to better clinical decision-making and becomes a point of reference for clinicians and patients in the management of dyslipidemias and this contributes to reducing the morbidity and mortality derived from atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in our country.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m22000081 1458 downloads

COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices among health care workers in Latin America
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Sousa, Mayson Laércio de Araújo

; Shimizu, Iara S

; Patino, Cecilia M

; Torres-Duque, Carlos A.

; Zabert, Ignacio

; Zabert, Gustavo E

; Perez-Padilla, Rogelio

; Varón-Vega, Fabio

; Cohen, Mark

; Ferreira, Juliana C

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2022, Volume 48 N. 5 elocation e20220018

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento, atitudes e práticas em relação à COVID-19 entre profissionais de saúde atuantes em países da América Latina durante o primeiro surto da pandemia. Métodos: Estudo multinacional transversal com uso de questionário on-line autoaplicável. A versão final do questionário foi composta por 40 perguntas, organizadas em cinco seções: características demográficas e profissionais; conhecimento sobre COVID-19; atitudes em relação à COVID-19; práticas relacionadas à COVID-19; e recursos institucionais. Resultados: O estudo envolveu 251 profissionais de saúde de 19 países da América Latina que aceitaram participar. Em nossa amostra, 77% dos profissionais de saúde participaram de algum tipo de treinamento institucional sobre COVID-19 e 43% tiveram baixa pontuação de conhecimento sobre COVID-19. O conhecimento sobre COVID-19 apresentou associação com o tipo de instituição de saúde (pública/privada), disponibilidade de treinamento institucional e fontes de informação. Receio de não prestar atendimento adequado foi relatado por 60% dos participantes. As estratégias ventilatórias mais utilizadas foram ventilação mecânica protetora, manobras de recrutamento alveolar e posição prona, e o uso de medicamentos para tratar a COVID-19 foi baseado principalmente em protocolos institucionais. Conclusões: Neste estudo multinacional na América Latina, quase metade da amostra teve baixa pontuação de conhecimento sobre COVID-19 e o nível de conhecimento apresentou associação com o tipo de instituição, participação em treinamento institucional e fontes de informação. Os profissionais de saúde consideravam a COVID-19 muito relevante, e mais da metade tinha receio de não prestar atendimento adequado aos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices among health care workers (HCWs) practicing in Latin American countries during the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a multinational cross-sectional survey study, using an online self-administered questionnaire. The final version of the questionnaire comprised 40 questions, organized in five sections: demographic and professional characteristics; COVID-19 knowledge; attitudes toward COVID-19; COVID-19 practices; and institutional resources. Results: The study involved 251 HCWs from 19 Latin American countries who agreed to participate. In our sample, 77% of HCWs participated in some sort of institutional training on COVID-19, and 43% had a low COVID-19 knowledge score. COVID-19 knowledge was associated with the type of health center (public/private), availability of institutional training, and sources of information about COVID-19. Concerns about not providing adequate care were reported by 60% of the participants. The most commonly used ventilatory strategies were protective mechanical ventilation, alveolar recruitment maneuvers, and prone positioning, and the use of drugs to treat COVID-19 was mainly based on institutional protocols. Conclusions: In this multinational study in Latin America, almost half of HCWs had a low COVID-19 knowledge score, and the level of knowledge was associated with the type of institution, participation in institutional training, and information sources. HCWs considered that COVID-19 was very relevant, and more than half were concerned about not providing adequate care to patients.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20220018

10.

Bioprecipitación Inducida con Cachaza de Caña de Azúcar como Mecanismo Potenciador para El Mejoramiento Estructural de Bloques de Tierra Comprimida
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CASTRO, VERÓNICA I.

; RODRÍGUEZ, DIANA C.

; VEGA-POSADA, CARLOS A.

Revista EIA

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jun 2021, Volume 18 N. 35 Pages 153 - 172

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La bioprecipitación ocurre cuando los microorganismos presentes en el suelo generan precipitados de carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) bien sea de forma natural o inducida mediante la aplicación de nutrientes específicos. Dichos nutrientes pueden ser de origen químico, pero con la desventaja de ser más costosos, o naturales como la cachaza de caña de azúcar, la cual es considerada un residuo y es generada en Colombia en grandes cantidades a partir de la producción de la panela. En este estudio se determinó la capacidad de bioprecipitación de CaCO3 a partir de bacterias aisladas de un suelo franco-limoso proveniente del municipio de Envigado-Antioquia y con éste se elaboraron Bloques de Tierra Comprimida (BTC) a escala en los que se aplicó un nutriente elaborado a base de cachaza de caña y cal para determinar el mejoramiento en su resistencia a los esfuerzos de compresión. Se evaluaron diferentes concentraciones de cachaza de caña y cal, la incidencia del pH del medio y la capacidad de precipitación de las cepas seleccionadas por separado. Se obtuvo un esfuerzo máximo de 74.6 kPa, lo que representó una mejora en la resistencia a los esfuerzos de compresión del 36.7% respecto al control inicial y de un 16.2 % con relación al control con cal. Los resultados demostraron que la cachaza de azúcar sirve como mecanismo potenciador de la bioprecipitación, mejorando la resistencia a la comprensión de los BTC.

Abstract Bioprecipitation takes place when microorganisms present in the soil generate precipitates of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) either naturally or induced by the application of specific nutrients. Nutrients can come from chemical sources, but they have the disadvantage of being more expensive, or from natural sources such as sugarcane cachaza. Cachaza is considered a waste product and is generated in Colombia in large quantities from the production of panela. In this study, the bioprecipitation capacity of CaCO3 was examined from bacteria isolated from silty soil samples recovered from a site in the municipality of Envigado-Antioquia. The soil was mixed at different ratios with nutrients from sugarcane and lime to construct Compressed Earth Blocks (CEB) and to evaluate the increase of compressive strength due to the nutrient. The effects of different concentrations of sugarcane and lime cachaza, the incidence of the medium pH and the precipitation capacity of some selected strains were investigated. A maximum compressive stress of 74.6 kPa was obtained, representing an increase of 36.7% and 16.2% with respect to the control tests (i.e., soil without nutrient) and lime control tests, respectively. The results indicated that the sugar cachaza serves as a bioprecipitation enhancing mechanism, proving to improve the strength of the CEB and making it an economical and environmentally friendly alternative for soil improvement.

https://doi.org/10.24050/reia.v18i35.1423 78 downloads

11.

Estructura de tallas, distribución y abundancia de Anadara tuberculosa (Bivalvia: Arcidae) en dos sistemas de manglar del Pacífico de Panamá
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Vega, Ángel-Javier

; Robles-P., Yolani-A.

; Alvarado, Onelys

; Cedeño-Mitre, Carlos

Revista de Biología Tropical

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jun 2021, Volume 69 N. 2 Pages 422 - 433

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: Anadara tuberculosa es un recurso pesquero y económico importante, propio de los ecosistemas de manglar en el Pacífico Orienta Tropical. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la estructura de tallas, distribución y densidad de A. tuberculosa, en el Golfo de Montijo y Manglares de David, para evaluar el estado del recurso en los dos sistemas de manglar del Pacífico de Panamá. Métodos: Los datos corresponden a información histórica de tallas y densidad levantada entre el 2004 y 2020 para el Golfo de Montijo (GM), así como datos de tallas, densidades y distribución levantados en el 2016 de manera simultánea en 51 cuadrantes en GM y 56 cuadrantes en Manglares de David (MD), muestreados en temporada seca, transición, lluviosa y transición, donde además se registró la temperatura, la salinidad y el pH del agua del canal y del agua retenida en el manglar. En el 2016 se instalaron y muestrearon cuadrantes fijos para seguimiento de densidades, muestreo que se repitió en el 2019. En el 2019 se establecen transectos desde el borde del manglar con el canal principal, hasta límite con tierra firme y en cada transecto se instalaron tres cuadrantes, en los estratos inicial, medio y final. Resultados: Los ejemplares del Golfo de Montijo resultaron más grandes, pero la densidad resultó superior en Manglares de David. La comparación de tallas por periodo de muestreo en el 2016, dentro de cada localidad, resultó significativa solo para el Golfo de Montijo, donde las mayores tallas se presentaron en marzo y junio y las menores en octubre-diciembre. No se encontró asociación entre la temperatura, salinidad y pH, y la distribución del molusco. Para el Golfo de Montijo se encontró un descenso sostenido de las densidades desde 1.82 conchas/m2 en el 2004 hasta 0.6 conchas/m2 en el 2019, contrario a lo observado en la estructura de tallas, donde se observó predominio de las tallas superiores a los 50 mm de longitud total y un aumento de la talla promedio de captura de 52.62 mm en el 2004 a 59.28 mm en el 2020. Atendiendo a la distancia del canal principal, se determinó la presencia del molusco hasta poco más de dos kilómetros dentro del manglar y hasta más de 500 m del canal secundario más cercano, así como una disminución de la densidad y un aumento de la talla conforme nos acercamos a tierra firme. Conclusiones: Para A. tuberculosa, la combinación de una estructura de tallas sobre los 50 mm y de bajas densidades, indican que la población de concha negra en el Golfo de Montijo presenta un grado de deterioro, asociado a estresores pesqueros y ambientales.

Abstract Introduction: Anadara tuberculosa is an economically important fishery resource of mangrove ecosystems in the tropical Eastern Pacific. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the size structure, distribution, and density of A. tuberculosa, in the Gulf of Montijo (GM) and Mangroves of David (MD) in the Panamanian Pacific, to assess the state of the resource in Panama’s two Pacific mangrove systems. Methods: We analyzed Gulf of Montijo historical clam size records and densities from 2004 and 2020. Hundred and seven 30 m2 permanent plots (51 from GOM and 56 from MOD) were set and sampled in 2016 at four time intervals (dry season, transition into rainy, rainy season and transition into dry season) to obtain clams sizes, densities and distributions. The plots were sampled again in 2019. Physical variables such as temperature (°C), salinity (PSU) and pH from the water retained in the mangrove channels were also recorded. Nine transects were installed and sampled in 2019. Three at the seaward edge of the mangrove fringe, three at the inshore edge, and three half-way between the first two. Three quadrats were sampled at the beginning, middle and end of each transect. Results: Gulf of Montijo A. tuberculosa were found to larger but at lower densities than those from Mangroves of David. At each site, size comparison by sampling period, were statistically significant only for GOM, where larger sizes were found in March and July and smaller sizes in October-December. There was no correlation between the distributions of A. tuberculosa and temperature, salinity and pH. A sustained decrease in A. tuberculosa densities was found for GOM (1.82 ind/m2 in 2004 to 0.6 ind/m2 in 2019). This contrast with the predominantly larger clam sizes above 50 mm in total length and an increase in mean size of collected individuals (52.62 mm in 2004 to 59.28 mm in 2020). Specimens of A. tuberculosa were found up to slightly more than 2 km inshore from the main channel and within slightly more than 500 m from a secondary channel. Clam densities decreased and sizes increased in a seaward-inshore direction. Conclusions: For A. tuberculosa, the combination of size classes larger than 50 mm and low densities of individuals is evidence of population deterioration associated to fishery and environmental stressors.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v69i2.43934

12.

Enfermedad de Kawasaki: ¿una entidad exclusiva de niños?
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Saavedra-González, Yesid A.

; Vega-Arango, Miguel

; Arboleda-Vallejo, Carlos A.

; Parga-Gómez, Roberto

; Abad-Díaz, Pedro

Revista Colombiana de Cardiología

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apr 2021, Volume 28 N. 2 Pages 175 - 179

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La enfermedad de Kawasaki es un síndrome febril agudo y autolimitado, de presunta etiología autoinmune, que característicamente afecta a niños menores de 5 años. Esta enfermedad consiste en una vasculitis aguda de pequeños y medianos vasos que favorece la formación de aneurismas en las arterias coronarias. El diagnóstico en la fase aguda es esencialmente clínico, mientras que en la fase crónica suele hacerse al documentar las secuelas vasculares. La importancia de la identificación apropiada de esta enfermedad radica en que muchos de los infartos fatales y no fatales en personas menores de 40 años tienen hallazgos compatibles con este diagnóstico. Se presenta el caso de un adulto joven con dolor torácico y angiotomografía coronaria con hallazgos compatibles con secuelas de enfermedad de Kawasaki del adulto.

Abstract Kawasaki disease is an acute and self-limited febrile syndrome with a presumed autoimmune etiology that characteristically affects children under 5 years of age. Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis of small and medium vessels that facilitates the formation of coronary aneurysms. The diagnosis of the disease during the acute phase is essentially clinical, while the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease during the chronic phase is performed when the vascular complications are detected. The importance of proper identification of Kawasaki disease lies in the fact that many of the fatal and non-fatal infarcts in young adults (<40 years) have findings compatible with this diagnosis. This article describes the case of a young patient with chest pain and coronary angiotomography showing sequelae of Kawasaki disease in the adult.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rccar.m21000044 26 downloads

13.

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de casos de enfermedad de Chagas aguda en la cuenca amazónica peruana, 2009-2016
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Vega, Silvia

; Cabrera, Rufino

; Álvarez, Carlos A.

; Uribe-Vilca, Irene

; Guerrero-Quincho, Silvia

; Ancca-Juárez, Jenny

; Cabrera-Campos, Bryan

; Celis-Trujillo, Adela

; Zuñiga-Saca, Margarita

; Bernal-Fiestas, Miguel

; Oriundo-Palomino, Richard

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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mar 2021, Volume 38 N. 1 Pages 70 - 76

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Acute Chagas disease (ACD) cases are reported sporadically in Peru. In this report we describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of eight new ACD cases detected by the surveillance system in the Amazon basin, between 2009 and 2016. The average age was 12,7 ±13.7 years, range between 1 to 44 years and 4/8 cases were men. One case was associated with acute diarrheal disease, another with Leptospirosis, and two with urinary tract infection. The global case fatality-rate was 12.5% (1/8). Late detection is a frequent characteristic related with low diagnostic suspicion in patients with a history of fever. The TcI and TcIV lineage was identified as the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Eight new cases of ACDs are reported, of which seven were children.

RESUMEN Los casos de la enfermedad de Chagas aguda (ECA) se reportan en forma esporádica en el Perú. En este artículo se describe las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de ocho nuevos casos de ECA detectados por el sistema de vigilancia en la cuenca amazónica, entre 2009 y 2016. La media de la edad fue 12,7 ± 13,7 años, rango de 1 a 44 años y 4/8 casos fueron varones. Un caso se asoció a enfermedad diarreica aguda, otro a leptospirosis y dos a infección del tracto urinario. La tasa de letalidad global fue 12,5% (1/8). La detección tardía es una característica frecuente relacionada a una escasa sospecha diagnóstica en pacientes con historial de fiebre. Se identificó el linaje TcI y TcIV del agente etiológico de la enfermedad de Chagas. Se reporta ocho nuevos casos de ECA, de los cuales siete fueron menores de edad.

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2021.381.6286

14.

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de casos de enfermedad de Chagas aguda en la cuenca amazónica peruana, 2009-2016
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Vega, Silvia

; Cabrera, Rufino

; Álvarez, Carlos A.

; Uribe-Vilca, Irene

; Guerrero-Quincho, Silvia

; Ancca-Juárez, Jenny

; Cabrera-Campos, Bryan

; Celis-Trujillo, Adela

; Zuñiga-Saca, Margarita

; Bernal-Fiestas, Miguel

; Oriundo-Palomino, Richard

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica

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jan 2021, Volume 38 N. 1 Pages 70 - 76

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2021.381.6286

15.

Assessment of spatial variability of bedding variables in compost bedded pack barns with climate control system
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OLIVEIRA, CARLOS EDUARDO A.

; DAMASCENO, FLÁVIO A.

; FERRAZ, GABRIEL A.S.

; NASCIMENTO, JOÃO ANTÔNIO C. DO

; VEGA, FELIPE A.O.

; TINÔCO, ILDA F.F.

; ANDRADE, RAFAELLA R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 3 elocation e20200384

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the spatial distribution of bedding variables in a climate-controlled compost bedded pack barn (CBP) equipped with an evaporative cooling system associated with a tunnel ventilation mode. The study was conducted on a farm in the West Mesoregion of Minas, MG, Brazil. The interior of the animal facility was divided into a mesh of 120 equidistant points, where the bedding surface temperature (tb-sur), the bedding temperature at 0.20 m depth (tb-20) and the bedding penetration resistance (PRb) of layer 0 to 0.20 m depth were measured. Bedding samples were collected to obtain the moisture (Mb) and pH in the surface and at 0.20 m depth. Geostatistics technique was used to evaluate the dependence and spatial distribution. Through the bedding area, the tb-sur presented low variability, with 6 ºC of amplitude, and tb-20 presented highest values (up to 55 °C). The spatial distribution of Mb-20 was similar to that observed on the surface and its highest levels occurred in the region near the feed alley (> 40%). The distribution of pH was similar in both layers. The tendency of high PRb occurred in the layer between 0.15 and 0.20 m (0 and 1500 kPa).

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200384 226 downloads

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