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Abstract Bacteria responsible for causing infections are common in hospital environments, water, soil, and food products. The infection risk is intensified by the absence of public sanitation, poor quality of life, and food scarcity. These external factors promote the dissemination of pathogens by direct contamination or biofilm formation. In this work, we identified bacterial isolates obtained from intensive care units in the southern region of Tocantins, Brazil. We compared matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) techniques and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) molecular analysis; we also performed phenotypic characterization. Fifty-six isolates characterized using morphotinctorial tests were classified as gram-positive (80.4%; n = 45) and gram-negative (19.6%; n = 11) and were resistant to several antibiotic classes; notably, we identified the blaOXA-23 resistance gene in the ILH10 isolate. Microbial identification using MALDI-TOF MS resulted in the identification of Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Bacillus circulans. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed four isolates belonging to the genera Bacillus and Acinetobacter. The similarity was superior to 99% for Acinetobacter schindleri in the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), grouped in the clade superior to 90%. Several strains isolated from intensive care units (ICU) were resistant to various antibiotic classes. These techniques allowed for the identification of several microorganisms of importance in public health, enabling improvements in human infection control and proving the quality of inputs, food, and water.

Resumo As bactérias responsáveis por causar infecções são comuns em ambientes hospitalares, água, solo e produtos alimentícios. O risco de infecção é intensificado pela ausência de saneamento público, má qualidade de vida e escassez de alimentos. Esses fatores externos promovem a disseminação de patógenos por contaminação direta ou formação de biofilme. Neste trabalho, identificamos isolados bacterianos obtidos de unidades de terapia intensiva na região sul do Tocantins, Brasil. Comparamos técnicas de espectrometria de massa de tempo de voo com ionização por dessorção a laser assistida por matriz (MALDI-TOF MS) e análise molecular de ácido ribonucleico ribossômico 16S (rRNA); também realizamos caracterização fenotípica. Cinquenta e seis isolados caracterizados por testes morfotintoriais foram classificados como gram-positivos (80,3%; n = 45) e gram-negativos (19,6%; n = 11) e foram resistentes a várias classes de antibióticos; notavelmente, identificamos o gene de resistência blaOXA-23 no isolado de ILH10. A identificação microbiana usando MALDI-TOF MS resultou na identificação de Sphingomonas paucimobilis e Bacillus circulans. O sequenciamento do 16S rRNA revelou quatro isolados pertencentes aos gêneros Bacillus e Acinetobacter. A similaridade foi superior a 99% para Acinetobacter schindleri no BLAST, agrupado no clado superior a 90%. Várias cepas isoladas de ICU foram resistentes a várias classes de antibióticos. Essas técnicas permitiram a identificação de diversos microrganismos de importância em saúde pública, possibilitando melhorias no controle de infecções humanas e comprovando a qualidade dos insumos, alimentos e água.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.269778

Hepatozoon Miller, 1908 parasites in the Colubridae snakes Clelia clelia (Daudin, 1803) and Drymarchon corais (Boie, 1827) from the Eastern Amazonia
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PICELLI, AMANDA MARIA

; SILVA, MARIA REGINA L.

; CORREA, JAMILLE KARINA C.

; PAIVA, GLEICIERLE R.

; PAULA, FABIANE R.

; HERNÁNDEZ-RUZ, EMIL JOSÉ

; OLIVEIRA, ELCIOMAR A.

; VIANA, LÚCIO ANDRÉ

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 1 elocation e20220115

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Based on the genetic, morphological, and morphometric data of blood gamonts, we identified Hepatozoon parasites in colubrid snakes sampled in the Eastern Amazon region. Hepatozoon trigeminum was detected in the mussurana snake Clelia clelia and exhibited wide and elongated gamonts (mean dimensions: 14.25±0.65 × 4.31±0.43 μm) with an evident parasitophorous vacuole. Hepatozoon odwyerae sp. nov. was described in the indigo snake Drymarchon corais, whose gamonts have elongated and thin bodies (mean dimensions: 13.41±0.79 × 3.72±0.35 μm) with one end more tapered than the other. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the amplification of a 441 bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene, revealed that the novel sequences of Hepatozoon spp. from our study were closely related to hemogregarine lineages found in lizards and snakes from Brazil, forming a well-supported monophyletic clade with them. The present study provides the first species description of Hepatoozon in D. corais and a new record of a host species for C. clelia using the integrated taxonomic data. We also highlight the importance of further investigations into the diversity of Hepatozoon in snakes, a rich but underestimated group of parasites, especially in the Amazonian biome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220115

N-Methyl-(2S,4R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline isolated Sideroxylon obtusifolium attenuates TPA-induced irritant contact dermatitis in mice
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NUNES, PAULO IURY G.

; VIANA, ANA FLÁVIA S.C.

; SASAHARA, GREYCE L.

; SANTOS, SABRINA M. DOS

; ALVES, ANA PAULA N.N.

; SILVEIRA, EDILBERTO R.

; SANTOS, FLÁVIA A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 3 elocation e20220919

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Dermatitis is defined as a set of inflammatory diseases that affect the skin, with varied causes. Among the different types of dermatitis, contact dermatitis is the most prevalent. Although the current therapy is often effective, it is associated with adverse effects and the possibility of drug tolerance. N-Methyl-(2S, 4R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline is a L-proline amino acid derivative found in the leaves of Sideroxylon obtusifolium, a species traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the topical anti-inflammatory effect of N-methyl-(2S, 4R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (NMP) in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced irritant contact dermatitis in mice. Topically administered NMP, at doses of 0.03 − 0.50 mg/ear, reduced TPA-induced ear edema and neutrophil migration, as evidenced by low tissue myeloperoxidase activity and verified by histological examination. In addition, NMP (0.06 mg/ear) reduced tissue levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, INF-γ and MCP-1) and of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and reduced gene expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β increased by TPA. The data suggest that N-methyl-(2S, 4R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline acts as a topical anti-inflammatory agent that decreases the expression of inflammatory cytokines, making it useful for the treatment of skin inflammation. Further investigations are necessary for its development as a therapeutic agent.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220919

Biologically Active Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Produced by Rhizospheric Actinobacteria Strains Inhibit the Growth of the Phytopathogen Colletotrichum musae
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Brito, Maria V. de

; Fonseca, Wéverson L.

; Mafezoli, Jair

; Barbosa, Francisco G.

; Nunes, Fátima M.

; Mattos, Marcos C. de

; Santos, João E. A. dos

; Araujo, Francisca S. A.

; Vieira, Regimara F. B. S.

; Magalhães, Hilton C. R.

; Muniz, Celli R.

; Garruti, Deborah S.

; Ootani, Marcio A.

; Souza Netto, José M.

; Pinto, Licarion

; Viana, Francisco M. P.

; Oliveira, Maria C. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2022, Volume 33 N. 10 Pages 1172 - 1189

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The antifungal potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by actinobacterial strains Streptomyces sp. (ACTB-77) and Amycolatopsis sp. (ACTB-290) from the rhizosphere of Caatinga plants against Colletotrichum musae was investigated. VOCs produced by these microorganisms (axenic and co-culture) were investigated using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Although no exclusive VOC peaks were observed in the co-culture with ACTB-77, the same experiment involving ACTB-290 yielded five new peaks, including two identified alcohols, suggested as bioreductive products of the corresponding ketones by the fungus. Statistical analysis revealed that co-culture ACTB-77/C. musae has a closer similarity to the fungus than to the actinobacteria, while the co culture ACTB-290/C. musae showed closer similarity to the actinobacteria. These confirmed the more pronounced antifungal activity of the ACTB-290 strain, as observed in the fungus growth inhibition experiments. The antifungal activity of ACTB-290 was associated to its sulfur-containing metabolites, while linalool was suggested as responsible for the ACTB-77 activity.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220037

Dose-ranging effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Pinto, Lana C.

; Rados, Dimitris V.

; Remonti, Luciana R.

; Viana, Marina V.

; Leitão, Cristiane B.

; Gross, Jorge L.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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feb 2022, Volume 66 N. 1 Pages 68 - 76

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The lowest dosage of empagliflozin (10 mg) showed similar benefits on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, body weight, blood pressure, and total and cardiovascular mortality in comparison with the highest available dose (25 mg) in the EMPAREG trial. These findings have not been clearly demonstrated for canagliflozin and dapagliflozin. The objective was to compare the effect of different doses of SGLT2 inhibitors commercially available in Brazil on HbA1c and body weight of patients with type 2 diabetes. MEDLINE, Cochrane and Embase databases were searched from inception until 11th October 2021 for randomized controlled trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes patients, lasting at least 12 weeks. HbA1c and body weight variations were described using standard mean difference. We performed direct and indirect meta-analysis, as well as a meta-regression with medication doses as covariates. Eighteen studies were included, comprising 16,095 patients. In the direct meta-analysis, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced HbA1c by 0.62% (95% CI −0.66 to −0.59) and body weight by 0.60 kg (95% CI −0.64 to −0.55). In the indirect meta-analysis, canagliflozin 300 mg ranked the highest regarding reductions in HbA1c and body weight. The remaining medications and dosages were clinically similar, despite some statistically significant differences among them. Canagliflozin 300 mg seems to be more potent in reducing HbA1c and body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes. The remaining SGLT2 inhibitors at different doses lead to similar effects for both outcomes. Whether these glycemic and weight effects are reflected in lower mortality and cardiovascular events is still uncertain and may be a topic for further studies.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000440

Strain of Bacillus thuringiensis from Restinga, toxic to Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera, Culicidae)
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Vieira-Neta, M. R. A.

; Soares-da-Silva, J.

; Viana, J. L.

; Silva, M. C.

; Tadei, W. P.

; Pinheiro, V. C. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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dec 2021, Volume 81 N. 4 Pages 872 - 880

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Bacillus thuringiensis é o entomopatógeno mais utilizado no controle do Aedes aegypti, vetor de diferentes agentes etiológicos que causam infecções graves em humanos. Diversos estudos têm como objetivo isolar cepas dessa bactéria de diferentes ambientes, com a perspectiva de selecionar isolados com atividade larvicida para mosquitos. Visando a ação inseticida de B. thuringiensis, o presente estudo teve como objetivo prospectar B. thuringiensis de solos de restinga e mangue do estado do Maranhão, Brasil, com potencial tóxico para uso no controle biológico de Ae. aegypti. Bioensaios foram realizados para determinar a atividade entomopatogênica do bacilo contra Ae. aegypti e as concentrações letais (CL50 e CL90) foram estimadas após os testes. As técnicas de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase e SDS-PAGE foram realizadas para verificar o conteúdo de genes e proteínas dos isolados, respectivamente. Os solos dos ecossistemas de mangue e restinga apresentaram potencial para obtenção de B. thuringiensis. O isolado BtMA-750, obtido a partir da amostra de solo da restinga, foi interessantemente distinguido por sua alta toxicidade para Ae. aegypti. Este isolado, além de apresentar proteínas com massa molecular semelhante às toxinas Cry e Cyt, apresentou também diversos genes díptero-específicos cry e cyt, demonstrando que tem alto potencial para ser usado no controle biológico de Ae. aegypti.

Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis is the most commonly used entomopathogen in the control of Aedes aegypti, which is a vector for different etiological agents that cause serious infections in humans. Several studies aim to isolate strains of this bacterium from different environments, with the perspective of selecting isolates with larvicidal activity for mosquitoes. Aiming at the insecticidal action of B. thuringiensis, the present study aimed to prospect B. thuringiensis of restinga and mangrove soils from the state of Maranhão, Brazil, with toxic potential for use in the biological control of Ae. aegypti. Bioassays were performed to determine the entomopathogenic activity of the bacilli against Ae. aegypti and lethal concentrations (LC50 and CL90) were estimated after the tests. Polymerase Chain Reaction and SDS-PAGE techniques were performed to verify the gene and protein content of the isolates, respectively. The soil of the mangrove and restinga ecosystems showed potential for obtaining B. thuringiensis. This isolate, in addition to having proteins with molecular mass similar to the toxins Cry and Cyt, also presented several diptera-specific genes cry and cyt, demonstrating that it has high potential to be used in the biological control of Ae. aegypti.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.228790 882 downloads

Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of rDNA for identifying Trichogramma species and evaluating genetic diversity
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Viana, J. B. V.

; Querino, R. B.

; Carvalho, L. C. B.

; Lima, P. S. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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dec 2021, Volume 81 N. 4 Pages 928 - 933

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Espécies de Trichogramma Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) são freqüentemente usadas como agentes de controle biológico contra Lepidoptera, esses endoparasitóides de ovos apresentam taxonomia complexa, o que dificulta sua aplicação prática. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar seqüências de regiões espaçadoras internas transcritas de DNA ribossômico (ITS2-rDNA) de acessos de Trichogramma com aquelas depositadas no GenBank, a fim de avaliar a confiabilidade do ITS2 barcode para discriminar espécies e avaliar a diversidade genética. As seqüências de ITS2-rDNA obtidas de dezessete espécimes de Trichogramma confirmaram identidades anteriores com base em características morfológicas. O alinhamento de múltiplas sequências revelou a existência de regiões altamente conservadas nas sequências ITS2, enquanto o dendrograma indicou que os espécimes formavam três grupos compreendendo T. manicobai e T. marandobai (grupo I), T. galloi (grupo II) e T. pretiosum (grupo III). O marcador ITS2 mostrou ser um poderoso DNA barcode para discriminar espécies de Trichogramma podendo ser usado como complemento da abordagem morfológica.

Abstract Species of Trichogramma Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammtidae) are frequently used as biological control agents against Lepidoptera, but practical application of these egg endoparasitoids are complicated because of their complex taxonomy. This study aimed to compare sequences of internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA (ITS2-rDNA) of Trichogramma accessions with those deposited in GenBank in order to access the reliability of the ITS2 as a barcode for discriminating species and evaluating the genetic diversity. ITS2-rDNA sequences obtained from seventeen specimens of Trichogramma confirmed previous identifications based on morphological characteristics. Multiple sequence alignment revealed the existence of highly conserved regions in ITS2 sequences while the neighbour-joining dendrogram indicated that the specimens formed three clusters comprising T. manicobai and T. marandobai (group I), T. galloi (group II) and T. pretiosum (group III). The ITS2 marker was shown to be a powerful DNA barcode for discriminating Trichogramma species and could be used to complement the morphological approach.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.232362 680 downloads

Reproduction of Hypoptopoma inexspectatum (Holmberg, 1893) (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in the Southern Pantanal Floodplain, Upper Paraguay River Basin, Brazil
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Pereira, M. J.

; Viana, L. F.

; Sais, M. H. B.

; Súarez, Y. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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may 2021, Volume 81 N. 2 Pages 326 - 334

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever a biologia reprodutiva de Hypoptopoma inexspectatum na região do Pantanal Sul. Foram amostrados e analisados entre fevereiro de 2009 a janeiro de 2011 um total de 538 indivíduos. Não foi observada diferença na proporção sexual e ambos os sexos apresentam relação alométrica de peso/comprimento positiva. A reprodução ocorreu principalmente entre os meses de janeiro e fevereiro. Fêmeas atingiram o tamanho de primeira maturação (L50) com 37,80 mm e machos com 45,80 mm. A fecundidade absoluta média foi 177,43 (dp±127,06) ovócitos e a fecundidade relativa foi de 3,12 (dp±2,23) ovócitos/mg. A fecundidade foi positivamente correlacionada com o comprimento padrão (Spearman r= 0,43; p=0,013) e a desova parcelada foi a estratégia de desova utilizada por H. inexspectatum.

Abstract This work aimed to describe the reproductive biology of Hypoptopoma inexspectatum in southern Pantanal. A total of 538 individuals were sampled and analyzed from February 2009 through January 2011 in southern Pantanal. We did not observe differences in sex-ratio, and both sexes presented positive allometric length/weight relationship (LWR). Reproduction occurs mainly from January to February. Females reached first maturation (L50) with 37.80 mm and males with 45.80 mm. Absolute fecundity is estimated in mean=177.43 (sd±127.06) oocytes and relative fecundity in 3.12 (sd±2.23) oocytes/mg. Fecundity is positively correlated with standard length (Spearman r= 0.43; p=0.013), and total spawning is a used spawning strategy for H. inexspectatum.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.225352 415 downloads

Isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis from Maranhão biomes with potential insecticidal action against Aedes aegypti larvae (Diptera, Culicidae)
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Viana, J. L.

; Soares-da-Silva, J.

; Vieira-Neta, M. R. A.

; Tadei, W. P.

; Oliveira, C. D.

; Abdalla, F. C.

; Peixoto, C. A.

; Pinheiro, V. C. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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feb 2021, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 114 - 124

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os agentes entomopatógenos são alternativas viáveis e eficazes, devido à sua ação seletiva para insetos sendo inofensivos ao homem e ao meio ambiente. Dentre os entomopatógenos mais promissores, destacam-se as subespécies de Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) amplamente utilizadas no controle biológico de insetos incluindo espécies de mosquitos vetores de agentes patogênicos ao homem. A eficiência da toxicidade de Bt incentiva a prospecção de novos isolados em diversas regiões do mundo. Desta forma, em busca de novos isolados de B. thuringiensis potencialmente tóxicos, amostras de solo provenientes dos biomas Amazônia, Cerrado e Caatinga do estado do Maranhão foram avaliadas em relação ao seu potencial larvicida para Aedes aegypti. Os isolados que provocaram elevada toxicidade para larvas do mosquito, detectada por bioensaios, foram avaliados em relação aos potenciais genes responsáveis pela atividade tóxica, além da avaliação de efeitos tóxicos no epitélio intestinal através de análises histológicas em microscopia de luz. Os novos isolados de Bt tóxicos para larva de A. aegypti amplificaram frequências diferentes de genes cry e cyt sendo os mais frequentes (55-33%) os cry4, cyt1, cry32, cry10 e cry11 dentre os investigados. Esses genes codificam para proteínas tóxicas específicas para ordem Diptera, e podem explicar as severas alterações morfológicas provocadas pelas toxinas dos isolados observadas no intestino das larvas de A. aegypti.

Abstract Entomopathogenic agents are viable and effective options due to their selective action against insects but benign effects on humans and the environment. The most promising entomopathogens include subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which are widely used for the biological control of insects, including mosquito vectors of human pathogens. The efficacy of B. thuringiensis toxicity has led to the search for new potentially toxic isolates in different regions of the world. Therefore, soil samples from the Amazon, Cerrado and Caatinga biomes of the state of Maranhão were evaluated for their potential larvicidal action against Aedes aegypti. The isolates with high toxicity to mosquito larvae, as detected by bioassays, were subjected to histological evaluation under a light microscope to identify the genes potentially responsible for the toxicity. Additionally, the toxic effects of these isolates on the intestinal epithelium were assessed. In the new B. thuringiensis isolates toxic to A. aegypti larvae, cry and cyt genes were amplified at different frequencies, with cry4, cyt1, cry32, cry10 and cry11 being the most frequent (33-55%) among those investigated. These genes encode specific proteins toxic to dipterans and may explain the severe morphological changes in the intestine of A. aegypti larvae caused by the toxins of the isolates.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.223389 610 downloads

10.

Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine
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Helito, Alberto C.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Rose, Natalia

; Santos, Claudia Renata P.

; Bolzan, Thalis

; Peralta, Rita María I.A.

; Franco, Ruth R.

; Cominato, Louise

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Lourenço, Benito

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Medeiros, Karina

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia Moreno

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Silva, Clovis A.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Iraha, Amanda Y.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Mazzolani, Bruna C.

; Martinez, Claudia A.

; Strabelli, Claudia A. A.

; Fonseca, Claudia B.

; Lima, Dandara C. C.

; Setoue, Debora N. D.

; Roz, Deborah F. P.

; Smaira, Fabiana I.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Miyatani, Helena T.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Oba, Jane

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Kozu, Katia

; Saccani, Ligia P.

; Martiniano, Lorena V. M.

; Miranda, Luana C. A.

; Silva, Luiz E. V.

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Tanigava, Nicolas Y.

; Pereira, Paulo R. A.

; Palmeira, Patrícia

; Angelo, Simone S.

; Lavorato, Sofia S. M.

; Bernardes, Tamires M.

; Franco, Tathiane C.

; Viana, Vivianne S. L.

; Barros, Vera P. M. F. R.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3501

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3501

11.

Germination of chia seeds submitted to saline stress
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Stefanello, R.

; Viana, B. B.

; Goergen, P. C. H.

; Neves, L. A. S.

; Nunes, U. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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jun 2020, Volume 80 N. 2 Pages 285 - 289

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A salinidade, tanto dos solos como das águas, é uma das principais causas da queda de rendimento das culturas. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de diferentes sais na germinação de sementes de chia. O experimento foi conduzido em câmara BOD, na temperatura constante de 20 °C e em presença de luz. As sementes foram colocadas sobre papel embebido em soluções aquosas de cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2), cloreto de sódio (NaCl), cloreto de potássio (KCl) e cloreto de magnésio (MgCl2) nos potenciais osmóticos correspondentes a zero; -0,10; -0,20; -0,30 e -0,40 MPa. O efeito da salinidade foi avaliado através do teste de germinação com contagens aos 7 dias e 14 dias após a semeadura. De acordo com os resultados é possível concluir que as sementes de chia toleram concentrações de NaCl até -0,4 MPa e KCl até -0,20 MPa. Os sais CaCl2 e MgCl2 apresentam efeito negativo sobre a germinação e o vigor das sementes de chia a partir dos potenciais osmóticos de -0,30 MPa e -0,20 MPa, respectivamente.

Abstract Salinity, of both soil and water, is one of the main causes of crop yield decline. Within this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different salts on the germination of chia seeds. The experiment was conducted in a BOD chamber at a constant temperature of 20 °C and in the presence of light. The seeds were placed on paper soaked with aqueous solutions of calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and magnesium chloride (MgCl2), at the osmotic potentials zero, -0.10, -0.20, -0.30, and -0.40 MPa. The effect of the salinity was evaluated using a germination test, with counts on days 7 and 14 after sowing. Based on the results, chia seeds tolerate concentrations of NaCl to -0.4 MPa and KCl to -0.20 MPa. The salts CaCl2 and MgCl2 had a negative effect on the germination and vigor of the chia seeds for the osmotic potentials -0.30 MPa and -0.20 MPa, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.192140 831 downloads

12.

Sesame production and composition compared with conventional forages
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Amorim, Diego Sousa

; Edvan, Ricardo Loiola

; Nascimento, Romilda Rodrigues do

; Bezerra, Leilson Rocha

; Araújo, Marcos Jácome

; Silva, Alex Lopes da

; Diogénes, Luciana Viana

; Oliveira, Ronaldo Lopes de

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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dec 2019, Volume 79 N. 4 Pages 586 - 595

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Sesamum indicum L. has the potential to be cultivated as a forage plant in hot and dry climate regions, and it can be used to increase the food security of a herd. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, production, and chemical composition of S. indicum compared with conventional forages used for silage production. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with split-plots related to time and four replicates per treatment. The plots consisted of four treatments (Zea mays L., Helianthus annuus L., Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br., and S. indicum), and the subplots were two evaluation periods (2014 and 2016 harvests). Dry forage biomass production differed among the species in the 2014 harvest with values of 25 530, 12 190, 9408, and 9250 kg ha-1 for Z. mays, S. indicum, H. annuus, and P. glaucum, respectively. Maize had a greater variation in forage production between the 2 yr, followed by S. indicum. There were higher dry matter (DM) contents (P < 0.0001) for Z. mays and S. indicum (404.5 and 251.7 g kg-1, respectively). Regarding crude protein, H. annuus and S. indicum had levels of 167.2 and 117.7 g kg-1, respectively. According to the results, it can be inferred that sesame, like millet, provides greater feeding security for ruminant herds in regions with irregular rainfall.

805 downloads

13.

Life-history traits of Farlowella hahni (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in streams of the Ivinhema River Basin, Upper Paraná Basin
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Figueiredo, R. S.

; Viana, L. F.

; Moraes, D. P.

; Súarez, Y. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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apr 2019, Volume 79 N. 2 Pages 286 - 293

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As leis brasileiras permitem a captura de algumas espécies de peixes como ornamentais, no entanto, a ausência de informações biológicas pode tornar esta captura uma ameaça para a conservação destas espécies. Este estudo teve como objetivo oferecer informações populacionais e reprodutivas sobre Farlowella hahni em riachos da Bacia do rio Ivinhema, bacia do Alto Paraná. Um total de 165 indivíduos de F. hahni foi analisado, sendo 109 fêmeas e 48 machos. A proporção de sexo foi diferente de 1:1 (χ2=19,97; p<0,001), com predominância de fêmeas ao longo do ano. As fêmeas atingiram maior comprimento padrão do que os machos. Os machos apresentaram crescimento isométrico e as fêmeas crescimento alométrico positivo. O índice gonadossomático apresentou maiores valores de Outubro a Dezembro. A fecundidade média foi de 100,3±36,4 de ovócitos vitelogênicos e foi correlacionada positivamente com o comprimento padrão (r=0,51; p=0,01). Os dados apresentados são os primeiros para essa espécie e sugerem a necessidade de cuidados no manejo da população de F. hahni considerando baixa abundância e fecundidade.

Abstract Brazilian laws allow the catch of some species as ornamental fish; however, in the absence of biological information, such catch can threaten species conservation. Therefore, this study aimed to offer population and reproductive information about Farlowella hahni in streams of the Ivinhema River Basin, Upper Paraná Basin. To accomplish this, a total of 165 F. hahni individuals were analyzed, including 109 females and 48 males, resulting in an important sex ratio difference from 1:1 (χ 2=19.97; p<0.001), indicating a predominance of females throughout the year. Females reach higher standard length than males. Males presented isometric Length-Weight Relationships, while females have positive allometric growth. Gonadosomatic index presented higher values from October through December. The mean fecundity was 100.3±36.4 of vitellogenic oocytes and was positively correlated with standard length (r=0.51; p=0.01). The data presented herein are the first for this species and suggest a need to carefully manage the F. hahni population, considering its low abundance and fecundity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.181073 693 downloads

14.

Brazilian legislation on genetic heritage harms Biodiversity Convention goals and threatens basic biology research and education
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ALVES, RUY JOSÉ V.

; WEKSLER, MARCELO

; OLIVEIRA, JOÃO A.

; BUCKUP, PAULO A.

; POMBAL JR., JOSÉ P.

; SANTANA, HÉLCIO R.G.

; PERACCHI, ADRIANO LÚCIO

; KELLNER, ALEXANDER W.A.

; ALEIXO, ALEXANDRE

; LANGGUTH, ALFREDO

; ALMEIDA, ALZIRA MARIA P. DE

; ALBERNAZ, ANA LUISA

; RIBAS, CAMILA C.

; ZILBERBERG, CARLA

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO V.

; ROCHA, CARLOS F.D.

; LAMAS, CARLOS JOSÉ E.

; HADDAD, CÉLIO F.B.

; BONVICINO, CIBELE R.

; PRADO, CYNTHIA P.A.

; LIMA, DANIELA O. DE

; ROSSA-FERES, DENISE C.

; SANTOS, FABRÍCIO R. DOS

; SALIMENA, FÁTIMA REGINA G.

; PERINI, FERNANDO A.

; BOCKMANN, FLÁVIO A.

; FRANCO, FRANCISCO LUÍS

; GIUDICE, GISELE M.L. DEL

; COLLI, GUARINO R.

; VIEIRA, IMA CÉLIA G.

; MARINHO-FILHO, JADER

; WERNECK, JANE M.C.F.

; SANTOS, JORGE A.D. DOS

; NASCIMENTO, JORGE LUIZ DO

; NESSIMIAN, JORGE LUIZ

; CORDEIRO, JOSÉ LUIS P.

; CLARO, KLEBER DEL

; SALLES, LEANDRO O.

; CASATTI, LILIAN

; PY-DANIEL, LUCIA HELENA R.

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; TOLEDO, LUÍS FELIPE

; OLIVEIRA, LUIZ F. DE

; MALABARBA, LUIZ ROBERTO

; SILVA, MARCELO D. DA

; COURI, MÁRCIA S.

; MARTINS, MÁRCIO

; TAVARES, MARCOS D.S.

; SOBRAL, MARCOS EDUARDO G.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINÍCIUS

; OLIVEIRA, MARIA DE LOURDES A.

; PINNA, MÁRIO DE

; HOPKINS, MICHAEL J.G.

; SOLÉ, MIRCO

; MENEZES, NAÉRCIO A.

; PASSOS, PAULO

; D’ANDREA, PAULO SERGIO

; PINTO, PEDRO C.E.A.

; VIANA, PEDRO L.

; TOLEDO, PETER M.

; REIS, ROBERTO E.

; VILELA, ROBERTO

; BASTOS, ROGÉRIO P.

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE G.

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; CASTROVIEJO-FISHER, SANTIAGO

; CARAMASCHI, ULISSES

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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apr 2018, Volume 90 N. 2 Pages 1279 - 1284

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820180460 7311 downloads

15.

Fatty acid composition from the marine red algae Pterocladiella capillacea (S. G. Gmelin) Santelices & Hommersand 1997 and Osmundaria obtusiloba (C. Agardh) R. E. Norris 1991 and its antioxidant activity
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ALENCAR, DANIEL B. DE

; DINIZ, JAÉCIO C.

; ROCHA, SIMONE A.S.

; PIRES-CAVALCANTE, KELMA M.S.

; LIMA, REBECA L. DE

; SOUSA, KAROLINA C. DE

; FREITAS, JEFFERSON O.

; BEZERRA, RAYSSA M.

; BARACHO, BÁRBARA M.

; SAMPAIO, ALEXANDRE H.

; VIANA, FRANCISCO A.

; SAKER-SAMPAIO, SILVANA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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mar 2018, Volume 90 N. 1 Pages 449 - 459

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of fatty acids from the marine red algae Pterocladiella capillacea (S. G. Gmelin) Santelices & Hommersand 1997 and Osmundaria obtusiloba (C. Agardh) R. E. Norris 1991. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified nine fatty acids in the two species. The major fatty acids of P. capillacea and O. obtusiloba were palmitic acid, oleic acid, arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. The DPPH radical scavenging capacity of fatty acids was moderate ranging from 25.90% to 29.97%. Fatty acids from P. capillacea (31.18%) had a moderate ferrous ions chelating activity (FIC), while in O. obtusiloba (17.17%), was weak. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of fatty acids from P. capillacea and O. obtusiloba was low. As for β-carotene bleaching (BCB), P. capillacea and O. obtusiloba showed a good activity. This is the first report of the antioxidant activities of fatty acids from the marine red algae P. capillacea and O. obtusiloba.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820160315 1404 downloads

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