ABSTRACT: Gossypol easily pairs with lysine side chains and enzymes involved in the cellular growth process. The effect of gossypol (a compound present in cotton co-products) in ruminant metabolism and meat quality is not yet clear. This study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effects of cotton co-products in lamb muscle proteome. Twenty-four Santa Inês ram lambs, 5-months old (20.6 ± 1.9 kg), were randomly assigned to four treatments: control (without cottonseed), whole cottonseed, cottonseed meal and high oil cottonseed meal. At 95 days into the experiment, lambs were slaughtered and samples from Longissimus dorsi were collected. Proteins were extracted and analyzed by 2-D electrophoresis. Spots showing a significant effect from the treatment (the “treatment effect”) and present in more than 90 % of the samples were identified using mass spectrometry. Cotton co-products decreased the abundance of aldehyde and malate dehydrogenases, creatine kinase M-type and Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. They also increased four proteins related to muscle contraction. Thus, feeding cotton co-products to lambs changed the abundance of important muscle proteins. A cotton co-product diet induced a negative impact on the energy supply of muscle cells and, consequently, the abundance of ATP dependent proteins (contractile apparatus) increased, probably in order to offset and maintain muscle function. These proteomic changes can promote our understanding of alterations in the sensorial properties of meat due to cotton co-product diets in further investigations.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a incompletude das variáveis dos Sistemas de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) e sobre Mortalidade (SIM)no estado do Rio de Janeiro, na série temporal 1999 a 2014. Métodos: estudo de série temporal do Sinasc e do SIM; utilizou-se o escore de Romero & Cunha para incompletude e regressão Joinpoint para tendência temporal; em 2014 os óbitos foram avaliados separadamente, segundo investigação. Resultados: para o Sinasc, em 1999, situação conjugal (37,40%), número de filhos mortos (31,30%) e raça/cor da pele (24,63%) apresentavam os maiores percentuais de incompletude; em 2014, nenhuma variável ultrapassou 5%, exceto ocupação; para o SIM, em 1999, cinco variáveis ultrapassaram 20% e o número de filhos nascidos mortos ultrapassou 60%; em 2014, apenas uma variável excedeu 20% de incompletude; óbitos investigados tiveram melhor preenchimento. Conclusão: observou-se melhora dos dois sistemas; a qualidade do preenchimento no Sinasc se manteve superior à do SIM.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the incompleteness of variables retrieved from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) and the Mortality Information System (SIM), in the State of Rio de Janeiro, in the time series 1999 to 2014. Methods: this was a time series study of SINASC and SIM; the Romero & Cunha score was used to analyze incompleteness; Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trend; in 2014, deaths were evaluated separately according to investigation. Results: regarding SINASC variables, in 1999 marital status (37.40%), number of stillborn children (31.30%), and race/skin color (24.63%) had the highest incompleteness percentages; in 2014, no variable exceeded 5% incompleteness, except occupation; regarding SIM variables, in 1999 five variables exceeded 20%, and missing data for previous stillborn children was over 60%; in 2014, only one variable exceeded 20% incompleteness; investigated deaths had better completeness. Conclusion: both systems were found to have improved; the quality of SINASC completeness remained superior to that of SIM.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la incompletitud de las variables de los Sistemas de Información sobre Nacidos Vivos (Sinasc) y sobre Mortalidad (SIM), para nacidos vivos y óbitos neonatales del estado de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, de 1999 a 2014. Métodos: estudio de serie temporal del Sinasc y del SIM; análisis de completitud de Romero & Cunha y de regresión Joinpoint para tendencia temporal; em 2014, se evaluaron los óbitos por separado según investigación. Resultados: para el Sinasc, en 1999, la situación conyugal (37,40%), el número de hijos fallecidos (31,30%) y la raza/color de piel (24,63%) presentaban mayores porcentuales de incompletitud; en 2014, la incompletitud no fue superior al 5%; para el SIM, en 1999, cinco variables superaron el 20%, y el número de hijos nacidos muertos superó el 60%; en 2014, sólo uma variable superó el 20% de incompletitud; los óbitos investigados tuvieron menor incompletitud. Conclusión: se observó mejora de ambos sistemas; la calidad del Sinasc se mantuvo superior a la del SIM.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a incompletude das variáveis dos Sistemas de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) e sobre Mortalidade (SIM)no estado do Rio de Janeiro, na série temporal 1999 a 2014. Métodos: estudo de série temporal do Sinasc e do SIM; utilizou-se o escore de Romero & Cunha para incompletude e regressão Joinpoint para tendência temporal; em 2014 os óbitos foram avaliados separadamente, segundo investigação. Resultados: para o Sinasc, em 1999, situação conjugal (37,40%), número de filhos mortos (31,30%) e raça/cor da pele (24,63%) apresentavam os maiores percentuais de incompletude; em 2014, nenhuma variável ultrapassou 5%, exceto ocupação; para o SIM, em 1999, cinco variáveis ultrapassaram 20% e o número de filhos nascidos mortos ultrapassou 60%; em 2014, apenas uma variável excedeu 20% de incompletude; óbitos investigados tiveram melhor preenchimento. Conclusão: observou-se melhora dos dois sistemas; a qualidade do preenchimento no Sinasc se manteve superior à do SIM.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the incompleteness of variables retrieved from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) and the Mortality Information System (SIM), in the State of Rio de Janeiro, in the time series 1999 to 2014. Methods: this was a time series study of SINASC and SIM; the Romero & Cunha score was used to analyze incompleteness; Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trend; in 2014, deaths were evaluated separately according to investigation. Results: regarding SINASC variables, in 1999 marital status (37.40%), number of stillborn children (31.30%), and race/skin color (24.63%) had the highest incompleteness percentages; in 2014, no variable exceeded 5% incompleteness, except occupation; regarding SIM variables, in 1999 five variables exceeded 20%, and missing data for previous stillborn children was over 60%; in 2014, only one variable exceeded 20% incompleteness; investigated deaths had better completeness. Conclusion: both systems were found to have improved; the quality of SINASC completeness remained superior to that of SIM.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la incompletitud de las variables de los Sistemas de Información sobre Nacidos Vivos (Sinasc) y sobre Mortalidad (SIM), para nacidos vivos y óbitos neonatales del estado de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, de 1999 a 2014. Métodos: estudio de serie temporal del Sinasc y del SIM; análisis de completitud de Romero & Cunha y de regresión Joinpoint para tendencia temporal; em 2014, se evaluaron los óbitos por separado según investigación. Resultados: para el Sinasc, en 1999, la situación conyugal (37,40%), el número de hijos fallecidos (31,30%) y la raza/color de piel (24,63%) presentaban mayores porcentuales de incompletitud; en 2014, la incompletitud no fue superior al 5%; para el SIM, en 1999, cinco variables superaron el 20%, y el número de hijos nacidos muertos superó el 60%; en 2014, sólo uma variable superó el 20% de incompletitud; los óbitos investigados tuvieron menor incompletitud. Conclusión: se observó mejora de ambos sistemas; la calidad del Sinasc se mantuvo superior a la del SIM.

ABSTRACT Cottonseed coproducts contain gossypol which can have specific effects upon the male reproductive system. We evaluated the reproductive development of male lambs close to puberty fed on three cotton coproducts. Twenty-four 5-month old male lambs received four diets: 20 % of dry matter intake of whole cottonseed (WCS), high oil cottonseed meal (CSC), cottonseed meal (CSM), and a control group (CTL) without any cottonseed coproducts. Free gossypol intake was 16.32, 6.98, 5.47 and 0 mg kg−1 BW−1 d−1 for WCS, CSC, CSM and CTL, respectively. Every 15 days, the animals were weighted and serum and semen samples were collected. After 95 days, testis samples were collected for analysis under light and transmission electron microscopes. The CTL group had higher testosterone concentrations than CSC at the end of the trial and lower total sperm defects, higher mass movement and higher scores for seminiferous epithelium than other treatments. The WCS and CSC groups showed higher levels of segmental aplasia lesion in sperm than other diets, which showed that high levels of gossypol led to higher occurrence of this lesion. Cottonseed coproducts had a negative impact on the reproductive system of pubertal lambs regardless of gossypol concentration. Therefore, the use of cottonseed coproducts to feed lambs earmarked for reproduction is not safe.

Foram avaliados os efeitos de doses de N na produção e qualidade da moranga hibrida cv. Tetsukabuto (Takaima F1) em experimento na EPAMIG Centro Oeste, Prudente de Morais (MG), de 25/08 a 03/12/2008. Foram avaliadas cinco doses de nitrogênio (0; 37,5; 75; 150; 300 kg ha-1), na forma de uréia, divididas em quatro aplicações (30% no plantio, 20% aos 20 dias, 30% aos 40 dias e 20% aos 60 dias após a emergência), num delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. As doses de N influenciaram significativamente as características avaliadas. O número de frutos aumentou de 2.498 ao ponto de máximo de 6.794 frutos ha-1 com a aplicação de 219 kg ha-1 de N. O diâmetro e a espessura da polpa do fruto aumentaram de 14,97 e 2,33 cm, até atingirem os pontos máximos de 17,74 e 2,80 cm nas doses de 171 e 128 kg ha-1 de N, respectivamente. O teor de sólidos solúveis na polpa de frutos de moranga híbrida aumentou com o aumento das doses de N observando-se com a aplicação de 300 kg ha-1 de N teor de 8ºBrix. A produtividade de frutos foi também influenciada pelas doses de N estimando-se como valor máximo 11,55 t ha-1 de frutos com a aplicação de 300 kg ha-1 de N. A dose estimada de N relativa à máxima eficiência econômica foi obtida com a aplicação de 262 kg ha-1, considerando os preços de R$ 2,41 kg-1 de N e de R$ 560,00 t-1 de moranga.

An experiment was carried out at EPAMIG Centro Oeste, Prudente de Morais, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, from August 25 to December 2, 2008, to evaluate the effects of N rates on production and quality of hybrid squash cv. Tetsukabuto (Takaima F1). The treatments were five N rates (0, 37.5, 75, 150, 300 kg ha-1), as urea, split in four applications (30% at planting date, 20% at 20 days, 30% at 40 days and 20% at 60 days after emergence) in a randomized complete block design, with four replications. The N rates significantly affected the characteristics evaluated. The number of fruits increased from 2,498, reaching the fruit maximum number (6,794 ha-1) when applying 219 kg ha-1 N. The fruit yield was also influenced by N rates, the maximum yield (11.55 t ha-1) being achieved when 300 kg ha-1 of N were applied. The diameter and thickness of fruit pulp increased from 14.97 and 2.33 cm to achieve maximum points of 17.74 and 2.80 cm with N doses of 171 and 128 kg ha-1, respectively. The soluble solids content in the fruit pulp increased with increasing N doses and the content of 8ºBrix was observed with the application of 300 kg ha-1 N. Fruit yield was also influenced by N rates being estimated 11.55 kg ha-1 as maximum yield with the application of 300 kg ha-1 N. The estimated dose of N on the maximum economic efficiency was obtained with the application of 262 kg ha-1, considering the prices of R$ 2.41 kg-1 of N and R$ 560.00 t-1 of hybrid squash fruits.