Resumo Myrcia é o único gênero de Myrciinae, uma das nove subtribos de Myrteae (Myrtaceae). A floresta amazônica detém cerca de um quarto das espécies brasileiras de Myrcia, mas este é ainda um gênero pouco estudado em toda a região. Neste contexto, este estudo traz um levantamento florístico de Myrcia nas parcelas permanentes do Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais (PDBFF), no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. O gênero é representado na área de estudo por 36 espécies, compreendendo 32% de sua riqueza total na Amazônia brasileira, com 19 delas endêmicas deste domínio. Myrcia neospeciosa é apresentada como uma nova ocorrência para o estado do Amazonas e M. grandis é registrada pela primeira vez na floresta de terra firme sobre solos argilosos. Myrcia cuspidata, uma espécie com flores caliptradas, é classificada em Myrcia sect. Aulomyrcia, sendo este o segundo táxon do gênero com esta característica removido de Myrcia sect. Calyptranthes. Por fim, notaram-se mais sobreposições entre os aspectos morfológicos das categorias infragenéricas de Myrcia do que anteriormente em outros trabalhos. São apresentados um mapa com a localização dos sítios de estudo, uma chave de identificação, descrições, comentários e figuras.

Abstract Myrcia is the sole genus of the Myrciinae, one of the nine subtribes of Myrteae (Myrtaceae). The Amazon forest holds about one-quarter of the Brazilian species of Myrcia, but the genus is still understudied in this whole region. In this context, this study presents a floristic survey of Myrcia in the permanent plots of the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), in Amazonas state, Brazil. The genus is represented by 36 species in the study area, comprehending 32% of its total richness in the Brazilian Amazon forest, with 19 of them endemic to this domain. Myrcia neospeciosa is reported as a new occurrence for Amazonas state and M. grandis is recorded for the first time from upland terra firme forests on clayish soils. Myrcia cuspidata, a species with calyptrate flowers, is classified under Myrcia sect. Aulomyrcia, representing the second taxon of the genus with this feature removed from Myrcia sect. Calyptranthes. Finally, morphological aspects of the infra-generic categories of Myrcia are reported more overlapping than previously thought. A map containing the location of the study area, an identification key, descriptions, comments, and figures are provided.

ABSTRACT Humiria balsamifera is an infraspecific complex of high phenotypic variation and widely distributed in northern South America. Leaf traits are traditionally considered the most relevant taxonomic characters for varietal level delimitation in the group. However, substantial phenotypic overlap among vegetative characters complicates taxonomic diagnoses in this complex. The objective of this study was to quantify and analyze phenotypic variation among individuals of the complex at a continental scale using uni- and multivariable analyses to assess whether morphometric analyses detect discontinuities. Secondarily, these quantitative data were used to test whether phenotypic similarity was related to geographic distance. Twenty- five quantitative and 27 qualitative character traits did not overtly reveal a topology corresponding to traditional varietal classification, nor to geographic structure. However, petiole length alone revealed a definitive separation of H. balsamifera var. guianensis (together with another recognized species Humiria wurdackii, and variety H. balsamifera var. laurina) from the rest of the taxa. Our results highlight substantial morphological overlap among vegetative and reproductive characters including those used in identification keys, and no morphological discontinuities suitable for clearly separating taxa within the complex were encountered demonstrating a future need to integrate multiple sources of information, including molecular data, to resolve this complex.

Resumo Myrcia é o único gênero de Myrciinae, uma das nove subtribos de Myrteae (Myrtaceae). A floresta amazônica detém cerca de um quarto das espécies brasileiras de Myrcia, mas este é ainda um gênero pouco estudado em toda a região. Neste contexto, este estudo traz um levantamento florístico de Myrcia nas parcelas permanentes do Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais (PDBFF), no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. O gênero é representado na área de estudo por 36 espécies, compreendendo 32% de sua riqueza total na Amazônia brasileira, com 19 delas endêmicas deste domínio. Myrcia neospeciosa é apresentada como uma nova ocorrência para o estado do Amazonas e M. grandis é registrada pela primeira vez na floresta de terra firme sobre solos argilosos. Myrcia cuspidata, uma espécie com flores caliptradas, é classificada em Myrcia sect. Aulomyrcia, sendo este o segundo táxon do gênero com esta característica removido de Myrcia sect. Calyptranthes. Por fim, notaram-se mais sobreposições entre os aspectos morfológicos das categorias infragenéricas de Myrcia do que anteriormente em outros trabalhos. São apresentados um mapa com a localização dos sítios de estudo, uma chave de identificação, descrições, comentários e figuras.

Abstract Myrcia is the sole genus of the Myrciinae, one of the nine subtribes of Myrteae (Myrtaceae). The Amazon forest holds about one-quarter of the Brazilian species of Myrcia, but the genus is still understudied in this whole region. In this context, this study presents a floristic survey of Myrcia in the permanent plots of the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), in Amazonas state, Brazil. The genus is represented by 36 species in the study area, comprehending 32% of its total richness in the Brazilian Amazon forest, with 19 of them endemic to this domain. Myrcia neospeciosa is reported as a new occurrence for Amazonas state and M. grandis is recorded for the first time from upland terra firme forests on clayish soils. Myrcia cuspidata, a species with calyptrate flowers, is classified under Myrcia sect. Aulomyrcia, representing the second taxon of the genus with this feature removed from Myrcia sect. Calyptranthes. Finally, morphological aspects of the infra-generic categories of Myrcia are reported more overlapping than previously thought. A map containing the location of the study area, an identification key, descriptions, comments, and figures are provided.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the structure of the midgut (hepatopancreas and intestine) in the endemic species, Macrobrachium carcinus. Thirty specimens were collected, and the midgut was fixed in Bouin's solution for histological and histochemical analyzes by light microscopy. The hepatopancreas consists of two lobes that connect to the end of the stomach by primary ducts, which originate secondary tubules or hepatopancreatic ducts, that branch into hepatopancreatic tubules. The hepatopancreatic duct presents a columnar epithelium composed of R- and F- cells with evident brush borders for absorption and storage. The hepatopancreatic tubule is lined by epithelium with five cell types (E, F, R, B, and M). The distal region presents all cell types, with a predominance of E-cells that correspond to epithelial renewal. The middle region presents F- and B- cells, characteristic of extracellular and intracellular digestion. The proximal region, with B- and R- cells, performs the final digestion, storage, and extrusion of the cells with waste material. The intestine is lined by a single cell type with an evident brush border, suggesting luminal absorption. This cellular arrangement along the length of the midgut proposes distinct morpho-functional characteristics of digestion, absorption, and storage in this species.

The aim of this study was to characterize the normal structure of the liver of Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, a carnivorous freshwater catfish found in Neotropical region, using gross anatomy, histology and histochemistry. Anatomically, the liver presents C-shaped and only two lobes: smaller right and bigger left. The gallbladder is located in right lobe and shows elongated shaped. Histological analysis demonstrated that the hepatic parenchyma is made of two hepatocytes plates surrounded by sinusoids. The hepatocytes are polygonal-shaped cells, with spherical nucleus and a dark prominent nucleolus. The cytoplasm presents large amount of lipids and glycogen deposits PAS positives. There are no hepatic lobules or portal triads. Bile ducts are lined by columnar epithelial cells with apical mucosubstances PAS and AB positive. Furthermore, the liver presents melano-macrophages centers, distributed next to the blood vessels and bile ducts, constituted by cells accumulating pigments, whose presence may be related to the nutritional status of the fish. Moreover pancreatic tissue was observed in visceral portion of liver, formed by exocrine pancreatic tissue and islet organ, constituting an extrahepatic pancreas.

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la estructura normal del hígado de Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, un bagre carnívoro de agua dulce encontrado en la región neotropical, utilizando anatomía macroscópica, histología e histoquímica de mucosustancias. Anatómicamente, el hígado presenta una forma de C y sólo dos lóbulos de tamaño diferente: menor derecho y mayor izquierdo. La vesícula biliar se encuentra en el lóbulo derecho y presenta forma alargada. El análisis histológico demostró que el parénquima hepático está hecho de dos placas de hepatocitos rodeados por sinusoides. Los hepatocitos son células poligonales con núcleo esférico y un nucléolo oscuro prominente. El citoplasma presenta gran cantidad de lípidos y depósitos de glucógeno PAS positivos. No hay lóbulos hepáticos o triadas portal. Los conductos biliares están revestidos por células columnares epiteliales con mucosustancias apicales PAS y AB positivos. Además, el hígado presenta centros de melanomacrófagos, distribuidos junto a los vasos sanguíneos y conductos biliares, constituidos por células que acumulan pigmentos, cuya presencia puede estar relacionada con el estado nutricional de los peces. Por otra parte, el tejido pancreático se observó en la porción visceral de hígado, formado por tejido pancreático exocrino y órgano islote, que constituye un páncreas extrahepático.

O objetivo deste estudo foi testar se o complexo de espécies Pagamea coriacea inclui múltiplas espécies, usando evidências morfológicas, ecológicas e de comportamento reprodutivo. Um total de 147 árvores foram amostradas e monitoradas em três locais próximos na Amazônia Central, Brasil. Análises multivariadas de dados morfológicos indicaram dois grupos discretos (A e B), que coincidem com diferenças no tipo de casca, cada um por sua vez com subgrupos que representam dimorfismo sexual. Contudo, um indivíduo distintamente hermafrodita foi encontrado no grupo B. Todas as plantas pistiladas produziram frutos, mas também foram observados frutos para 23% das plantas estaminadas do grupo B, e para 5% das estaminadas do grupo A. Essa variação sugere que ambos grupos possuem um sistema sexual entre dioicia e ginodioicia. Houve sobreposição das fases de floração e frutificação entre os dois grupos, mas o padrão de maturação de flores foi diferente. Quanto ao hábitat, o grupo B predominou em situações de sombra e em solos arenosos rasos sobre lajes de pedra, enquanto o grupo A ocorreu em solos arenosos mais profundos e no dossel da vegetação. A coexistência de dois grupos morfológicos discretos no complexo P. coriacea s.l., com diferenças ecológicas e de comportamento reprodutivo, indica que correspondem a duas espécies distintas.

In this study we explore morphological and ecological variation in sympatric populations of Pagamea coriacea s.l. - a species complex from white-sand vegetation in the Amazon. A total of 147 trees were sampled and monitored at three nearby sites in Central Amazon, Brazil. Multivariate analyses of morphology indicated two distinct groups (A and B), which also differed in bark type, each containing subgroups associated with sexual dimorphism. However, a single hermaphroditic individual was observed within group B. As expected, all pistillate plants produced fruits, but 23% of the staminate plants of group B, and 5% of group A also produced fruits. This variation suggests that the sexual systems of both groups are between dioecy and gynodioecy. There was an overlap in flowering phases between the two groups, but the pattern of floral maturation differed. Ecologically, plants of group B were found in more shaded habitats and over sandstone bedrocks, while group A was prevalent in deeper sandy soils as canopy plants. The significances of morphological and environmental differences were tested by a multivariate analysis of variance, and a canonical discriminant analysis assessed the importance of variables. The coexistence in sympatry of two discrete morphological groups in the P. coriacea s.l., with different habitat preferences and reproductive behaviors, indicates they represent distinct species.

O presente estudo descreve as fases de maturação testicular (associando o desenvolvimento das células germinativas e as alterações morfológicas sofridas pelo epitélio germinativo ao longo do ano), e a morfologia testicular do tucunaré amarelo Cichla kelberi, relacionando a outras espécies. Com este propósito, 78 indivíduos foram estudados de acordo com técnicas convencionais para microscopia de luz. Os testículos em C. kelberi foram classificados como lobular espermatogonial irrestrito, uma característica apomórfica encontrada nos grupos recentes dos teleósteos. Além disso, cinco fases de maturação testicular foram definidas para C. kelberi: Fase Preparatória; Desenvolvimento Inicial do epitélio germinativo; Desenvolvimento Intermediário do epitélio; Desenvolvimento Final do epitélio germinativo e Regressão. Classificações similares foram descritas para outras espécies, indicando que a classificação gonadal baseada nesta proposta, pode ser aplicada a muitas espécies de peixes. Entretanto, apesar desta similaridade, o ciclo reprodutivo testicular de C. kelberisegue um padrão diferente na fase de Regressão, na qual a reestruturação gonadal e a proliferação espermatogonial ocorrem ao mesmo tempo. Deste modo, os testículos em C. kelberinunca retornam à fase Preparatória para começar um novo ciclo reprodutivo nesta espécie. Este fato também explica a ausência de indivíduos totalmente esgotados após seu primeiro ciclo reprodutivo.

The present study describes the testicular maturation phases (associating the germ cells development and the morphological changes suffered by the germinal epithelium along the whole year), and the testicular morphology in the yellow peacock bass Cichla kelberi, relating it to other species. For this purpose, 78 specimens were studied according conventional techniques of light microscope. The testes in C. kelberi were classified as unrestricted spermatogonial lobular, an apomorphic characteristic in the recent groups of Teleost. Furthermore, were defined five testicular maturation phases: Preparatory phase; Early Germinal Epithelium Development; Mid Germinal Epithelium Development; Late Germinal Epithelium Development and; Regression. Similar classifications were described to other species indicating that the testicular classifications based on this propose, can be applied to lots of fishes. However, besides it similarity, the testicular reproductive cycle of C. kelberifollows a different pattern in the Regression phase, on which the gonadal restructuration and the spermatogonial proliferation gathers at the same time. So, the testes in C. kelberi never return to the Preparatory phase to start a new reproductive cycle, being this one present only at the first reproductive cycle in this species. This fact also explains the absence of individuals totally spent after their first reproductive cycle.

A biologia floral, polinização e o sistema reprodutivo de Pagamea duckei Standl. (Rubiaceae) foram estudados na Reserva Biológica da Campina, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. A morfologia floral sugere que P. duckei é uma espécie distílica. Entretanto, cruzamentos experimentais revelaram que essa espécie é funcionalmente dióica. As flores são actinomorfas, amareladas, produzem néctar e um aroma adocicado que é mais intenso no período da manhã. A antese das flores iniciou de manhã, entre 05h00 e 06h00 e se estendeu até o anoitecer, quando o tubo da corola sofria abscisão. As flores foram visitadas principalmente por abelhas do gênero Melipona. Pagamea duckei não é agamospérmica e logo necessita de vetores de pólen para que haja polinização efetiva. Os resultados desse estudo fortalecem a hipótese de que muitas espécies de Pagamea com flores heterostílicas são na verdade funcionalmente dióicas.

The floral biology, pollination and breeding system of Pagamea duckei Standl. (Rubiaceae) were studied at the Reserva Biológica da Campina, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Floral morphology suggested that P. duckei is a distylous species. However, crossing experiments revealed that it is functionally dioecious. The flowers are actinomorphic, yellowish, produce nectar and a sweet odor, which is more intense in the morning. Anthesis started in the morning between 5.00 and 6.00 AM and extended until dusk, when the corolla tube abscissed. The flowers were visited mostly by bees of the genus Melipona. Pagamea duckei is not agamospermic and thus needs pollen vectors for effective pollination. The results of this study strengthen the idea that, in Pagamea, species with distylous flower morphology are actually functionally dioecious.

Three new species of Sloanea L. are recognized based on specimens collected in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve. These new species are morphologically distinct from other Sloanea in the Neotropics in terms of their vegetative and reproductive characters. The Ducke Reserve contains a total of 18 species of Sloanea, and the species closest to these new taxa occur there. Morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided, together with comments concerning morphological similarities with other species, as well as their geographic distributions and their phenologies.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the ultrastructural aspects of spermatogenesis in Phalloceros caudimaculatus, during cell proliferation. The parenchyma is organized morphologically as lobular restricted spermatogonial testis. Spermiogenesis in this species is characterized by four morphological stages of development (spermatids S1 through S4). The mature spermatids and spermatozoa heads are situated at the periphery of the cyst surrounded by the cytoplasm of the Sertoli cells. The germ cell's ultrastructure and spermatogenesis in P. caudimaculatus are very similar to that of other poeciliids.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar los aspectos ultraestructurales de la espermatogénesis en Phalloceros caudimaculatus, durante el periodo de proliferación celular. El parénquima testicular está morfológicamente organizado como lobular espermatogonial restricto. La espermiogénesis en esta especie se caracteriza por cuatro etapas morfológicas de desarrollo (espermátidas S1 hasta S4). Las cabezas de las espermátidas maduras y espermatozoides están situadas en la periferia de los cistos, rodeados por el citoplasma de las células de Sertoli. La ultraestructura de las células germinativas y la espermatogénesis en P. caudimaculatus son muy similares a las de otros poecílideos.

In decapod crustaceans, the digestive gland is concerned with the digestion, absorption of nutrients, the storage of reserves and excretion. The metabolism and the histological and histochemical changes of the hepatopancreas are observed in response to physiological demands as moult, reproduction, digestive process. Thus the hepatopancreas structure should be recognized to provide important morphological information to future studies involving the nutrition requirements of freshwater prawn culture. In this study, second-generation Macrobrachium amazonicum produced from wild broodstock collected in the state of Para in Brazil were used. Thirty adult male and female M. amazonicum were selected and randomly transferred to five experimental units for macroscopic and microscopic studies. The hepatopancreas of M. amazonicum is a large, yellowish-brown, compact organ, which occupies much of the cephalothoracic cavity. It has right and left halves that are enclosed together in a laminar connective tissue capsule, and at the same time they are separated by an interstitial connective tissue. The two halves are thereby called the right and left hepatopancreatic lobes. The principal tubule gives rise to four secondary tubules at each hepatopancreatic lobe. The morphological and functional unit consists of a blind-ended hepatopancreatic tubule, considered in the present study as the hepatopancreatic lobule. Each hepatopancreatic tubule can be subdivided into distal, medial and proximal zones. The hepatopancreatic tubule is lined by a pseudostratified epithelium that consists of five different cell types, which include the E-cell (embryonic), F-cell (fibrillar), B-cell (blister-like), R-cell (resorptive) and M-cell (midgut or basal). It is important to emphasize that the function of each cell type in the hepatopancreas during the digestive cycle is not yet established for decapods.

La glándula digestiva en los crustáceos decápodos asume las funciones de digestión, absorción de nutrientes, almacenamiento de las reservas energéticas y excreción de metabolitos. El metabolismo y las alteraciones histológicas e histoquímicas son observados como respuesta a necesidades fisiológicas, tales como: muda, reproducción y procesos digestivos. Por lo tanto, se requiere conocer la estructura histológica del hepatopancreas con el fin de reunir información morfológica para futuros estudios que consideren las necesidades nutricionales para el cultivo de los camarones de agua dulce. Fueran utilizados 30 animales, machos y hembras de Macrobrachium amazonicum, producidos a partir de reproductores colectados en el Estado de Para, Brasil. Las observaciones macro y microscópicas permitieron concluir que el hepatopancreas del M. amazonicum es un órgano grande y compacto de color amarillo tendiendo a marrón, que ocupa la mayor parte de la cavidad céfalo-torácica. El órgano presenta dos mitades, derecha y izquierda, las cuales están envueltas por una cápsula de tejido conjuntivo, y al mismo tiempo, separadas por tejido conectivo intersticial. Las dos mitades del órgano son identificadas como lobos derecho e izquierdo. Cada lobo presenta un túbulo principal que origina cuatro túbulos secundarios. Por lo tanto, la unidad morfofuncional del hepatopancreas consiste en un túbulo hepatopancreático de fondo ciego, considerado en esta investigación como lóbulo hepatopancreático. Cada lóbulo hepatopancreático puede ser dividido en 3 regiones: distal, media y proximal, y en su totalidad, se observa revestido por epitelio seudo estratificado que reúne cinco tipos celulares: célula E (embrionaria), célula F (fibrilar), célula B (globosa), célula R (reabsortiva) y célula M (basal). Es importante enfatizar que la función de cada tipo celular del hepatopancreas no está todavía aclarada para los decápodos.

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, there has been a rise in the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa), and routine screening for the disease has become a well accepted clinical practice. Even with the recognized benefit of this approach, some men are still reluctant to undergo digital rectal examination (DRE). For this reason, we designed the present study in order to better understand men's reactions about this method of screening. The aim was to identify possible drawbacks that could be overcome to increase DRE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We randomly selected 269 patients that were enrolled in an institutional PCa screening program. They were first asked to answer a question regarding their preferred position to undergo the examination. Following this step, they answered a questionnaire in which physical and psychological reactions regarding the DRE were presented. Finally, we used a visual analogical scale (VAS) to analyze the perception of pain during DRE. RESULTS: The supine position was preferred for most patients (53.9%). Before DRE, about 59.4% of patients felt that the exam would be acceptable. After DRE, this figure increased to 91.5% (p < 0.001). Mean VAS score during DRE was 1.69 on a scale with a range between 0 and 10 (0 = no pain; 10 = extreme pain). CONCLUSION: Patient expectations about DRE were negative before examination and changed significantly following the exam. Pain during examination was negligible, contrary to the prevalent belief. These two findings must be clearly presented to patients in order to improve PCa screening acceptance.

The epithelial principal cells are the predominant cell type of the epididymis. These cells have been shown to be both secretory and endocytic cells. The apical region of the cytoplasm of principal cells in the mongrel dog are located close to the cell apex and tubular lumen, and shown microvilli at the luminal border and present a endocytic apparatus, that consists of coated pits and vesicles, endosomes of varying size, multivesicular bodies, and lysosomes. The endosomes, multivesicular bodies and lysosomes contained the electron-dense patches. These results suggest that principal cells of the epididymis in the dog as possess a highly developed endocytic apparatus play a role in endocytosis. These cells function are similarly to the related in other mammals, in performing endocytosis.

Las células epiteliales principales son el tipo de célula que predominan en el epidídimo. Estas células han demostrado ser secretoras y endocíticas. La región apical del citoplasma de las células principales en el perro Mongrel, se encuentran muy cerca del ápice celular y lumen tubular, mostrando microvellosidades en el límite luminal y un aparato endocítico, el que consiste en depresiones recubiertas y vesículas, endosomas de diversos tamaños, cuerpos multivesiculares y lisosomas. Los endosomas, cuerpos multivesiculares y lisosomas contienen gránulos electrodensos. Estos resultados sugieren que las células principales del epidídimo, en el perro, poseen un aparato endocítico altamente desarrollado que juega un importante rol en la endocitosis. Estas células funcionan de manera similar a la correspondiente en otros mamíferos, en el desempeño de endocitosis.

The cisternae of the Golgi apparatus of dog epididymal principal cells were labeled by the zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide method (ZIO). These cisternae were observed in the supranuclear region of the cytoplasm of the epididymal principal cells. Abundant endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, multivesicular bodies, mitochondria, lysosomes and vesicular elements of variable size were also found in this region, all associated with the sacks of the well-developed Golgi apparatus. The use of the ZIO method facilitates the observation and identification of the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus, thus permitting a correlation between structure and function in the so-called Golgi area. These ultrastructural characteristics support the secretory role of epididymal principal cells in the dog

La cisterna del aparato de Golgi de las células principales del epidídimo del perro, fueron tratados con el método de tetróxido de zinc iodide-osmium (ZIO). Estas cisternas fueron observadas en la región supranuclear del citoplasma de las células principales del epidídimo. Abundante cisternas del retículo endoplasmático, cuerpos multivesiculares, mitocondrias, lisosomas y elementos vesiculares de tamaño variable, fueron encontrados en esta región, todos asociados con los sacos del aparato de Golgi maduro. El uso del método de ZIO facilita la observación e identificación del aparato de Golgi, permitiendo efectuar una correlación entre estructura y función en el área de Golgi. Estas características estructurales suponen el rol secretorio de las células epididimarias principales en el perro

Objetivou-se, neste estudo, avaliar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de fibra bruta e de óleo de soja em rações para a tilápia do Nilo. Utilizaram-se 24 aquários circulares de 250 L, dotados de sistema individual de reabastecimento de água e aquecimento. A densidade de estocagem foi de sete peixes/aquário, totalizando 168 peixes, com peso inicial médio de 6,41±0,05 g. Ganho de peso, conversão alimentar aparente, taxa de crescimento específico e taxa de eficiência protéica foram avaliados. Foram analisados a composição química e o rendimento de carcaça, gordura visceral e índice hepatossomático dos peixes. O experimento foi realizado segundo um esquema fatorial 3 x 2 (três níveis de fibra bruta 6,00; 9,00 e 12,00%, com e sem óleo de soja) no delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com quatro repetições. Verificou-se que a fibra interfere de forma significativa na digestibilidade aparente da dieta, com ação positiva para a proteína e negativa para a matéria seca, não interferindo na digestibilidade do extrato etéreo; que a fibra bruta não tem efeito significativo sobre o rendimento de carcaça e no depósito de gordura visceral, mas a inclusão de óleo à ração tem efeito significativo no depósito de gordura visceral; que a fibra resulta em efeito significativo na composição química da carcaça (teor de água e proteína), não tendo efeito sobre sua composição em gordura; e que a inclusão de gordura à ração diminui e eleva de forma significativa, respectivamente, o conteúdo de proteína e extrato etéreo da carcaça. Concluiu-se que, na fase de alevinagem (6,40 a 31,00g), pode-se utilizar na dieta da tilápia do Nilo até 9,00% de fibra bruta, e que a suplementação de níveis excessivos de lipídeos na dieta piora a composição da carcaça e resulta em maior depósito de gordura visceral.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different crude fiber and soybean oil levels in diets for Tilapia Nile. Twenty-four circular fishbowls of 250 liters, with an individual system of water replenishment and heating, were used. The stocking rate was of seven fishes/fishbowl, totalizing 168 fishes, with average initial weight of 6.41±0.05 g. Weight gain, apparent feed:gain ratio, specific growing rate and protein efficiency rate were evaluated. The chemical composition and carcass yield, eviscerated carcass and hepatossomatic index were also studied. A completely randomized design was used, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, being three crude fiber levels (6.00, 9.00%, and 12.00%), and two soybean oil levels (0.0 and 10.0%), with four replicates. It was verified that it is possible to use, in the diet, levels up to 12.00% of crude fiber and its excess tends to decrease the weight gain and the protein efficiency rate, besides worsening the feed:gain ratio; the fiber significantly affect the dietary apparent digestibility, with positive and negative effect on the protein and dry matter digestibility, respectively, and without effect on the ether extract digestibility; the crude fiber did not significantly affect the carcass yield and the eviscerated fat deposition. However, the oil addition to the diet showed significant effect on the eviscerated fat deposition; the fiber resulted in significant effect on the carcass chemical composition of the carcass (water and protein contents), without effect on the fat composition; and the fat addition to the diet significantly decreased and increased, respectively, the carcass protein and ether extract contents. It was concluded that, in the growing phase (from 6.40 to 31.00 g), the dietary crude fiber levels up to 9.00% can be fed for Nile tilapia and the supplementation of high dietary lipid levels decrease the carcass composition and result in higher eviscerated fat deposition.