ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the long-term ocular findings of children that were operated of congenital cataract before the age of two and that received an intraoperative intracameral triamcinolone injection or used postoperative oral prednisolone to modulate ocular inflammation. Methods: All patients who had previously participated in a clinical trial that analyzed the 1-year surgical outcomes of congenital cataract surgery utilizing intracameral triamcinolone (study group) or oral prednisolone (control group) were eligible to participate in this prospective cohort research. Patients’ medical records were reviewed, and the children underwent a complete ophthalmologic exam on final follow-up. Biomicroscopic findings, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, the need for additional surgical interventions, and findings compatible with glaucoma were the primary end measures. Results: Twenty-six eyes (26 patients) were included (study group = 11 eyes; control group = 15 eyes). The mean follow--up was 8.2 ± 1.2 years and 8.1 ± 1.7 years in the study and control groups, respectively (p=0.82). All eyes presented a centered intraocular lens. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with regards to the presence of posterior synechia (p=0.56), intraocular pressure (p=0.49), or central corneal thickness (p=0.21). None of the eyes fulfilled the glaucoma diagnostic criteria, presented secondary visual axis obscuration, or were reoperated. Conclusion: The long--term ocular findings of children that underwent congenital cataract surgery and received an intraoperative intracameral triamcinolone injection were similar to those that used postoperative oral prednisolone to modulate ocular inflammation. This suggests that intracameral triamcinolone may substitute oral prednisolone in congenital cataract surgery, facilitating the postoperative treatment regimen and compliance.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os achados oculares em longo prazo de crianças que se submeteram à cirurgia de catarata congênita antes dos dois anos de idade e receberam uma injeção intracameral de triancinolona no intraoperatório ou usaram prednisolona oral no pós-operatório para modular a inflamação ocular. Métodos: Neste estudo prospectivo de coorte, todos os pacientes que participaram de um ensaio clínico anterior, que analisou os resultados cirúrgicos de 1 ano da cirurgia de catarata congênita usando triancinolona intracameral (Grupo de Estudo) ou prednisolona oral (Grupo Controle), eram elegíveis para participar. Os prontuários médicos dos pacientes foram revisados e as crianças foram submetidas a um exame oftalmológico completo no acompanhamento final. As principais medidas de desfecho foram: achados biomicroscópicos, pressão intraocular, espessura central da córnea, a necessidade de intervenções cirúrgicas adicionais e achados compatíveis com glaucoma. Resultados: Vinte e seis olhos (26 pacientes) foram incluídos (Grupo de Estudo = 11 olhos; Grupo de Controle = 15 olhos). O seguimento médio foi de 8,2 ± 1,2 anos e 8,1 ± 1,7 anos nos Grupos de Estudo e Controle, respectivamente (p=0,82). Todos os olhos apresentavam lente intraocular centrada. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos com relação à presença de sinéquia posterior (p=0,56), pressão intraocular (p=0,49) ou espessura central da córnea (p=0,21). Nenhum dos olhos preencheu os critérios diagnósticos para glaucoma, apresentou opacificação secundária do eixo visual ou foi reoperado. Conclusão: Os achados oculares em longo prazo de crianças que se submeteram à cirurgia de catarata congênita e receberam uma injeção intracameral de triancinolona no intraoperatório foram semelhantes aos que usaram prednisolona oral no pós-operatório para modular a inflamação ocular, sugerindo que a triancinolona intracameral pode substituir a prednisolona oral na cirurgia de catarata congênita, facilitando o tratamento pós-operatório e a adesão ao mesmo.

Abstract This article aims to assess the community food environment around areas with and without Food and Nutrition Public Establishments (FNPE). Cross-sectional study carried out in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The unit of analysis was the buffer (500m) around the FNPE and the census tracts without FNPE. The investigated establishments should market food for consumption at home and be located within the buffer of the areas with and without FNPE. Data collection performed by direct observation (active search) in August to October 2019. Data collected were location and type of commercial establishments, the density of the establishments was calculated. Descriptive analysis, spatial distribution (Kernel estimator) and Nearest Neighbor analysis were performed. Of the evaluated establishments, 60.5% were in the areas without FNPE and 39.6% in the areas with FNPE, showing a random distribution pattern. Of these, 24.2% were convenience stores and bakeries, 21.0% butcher stores, and 19.0% street markets. Seven FNPE were close to commercial establishments. There were fewer establishments around the FNPE, with convenience stores and bakeries predominating.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o ambiente alimentar comunitário de áreas com e sem estabelecimentos públicos de segurança alimentar e nutricional (EPSAN). Estudo transversal realizado em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Unidade de análise foi o buffer (500m) no entorno dos EPSAN e dos setores censitários sem EPSAN. Os estabelecimentos investigados deveriam comercializar alimentos para consumo no domicílio e localizar-se dentro do buffer das áreas com e sem EPSAN. Coleta de dados realizada por observação direta (busca ativa) de agosto a outubro de 2019. Os dados coletados foram localização e tipo dos estabelecimentos comerciais, e também foi calculada a densidade dos estabelecimentos. Foram feitas análise descritiva, distribuição espacial (estimador de Kernel) e análise do vizinho mais próximo. Dos estabelecimentos avaliados, 60,5% estavam nas áreas sem EPSAN, e 39,6% nas áreas com EPSAN, apresentando padrão de distribuição aleatório. Desses, 24,2% eram lojas de conveniência e padarias, 21,0% açougues e 19,0% feiras-livres. Sete EPSAN encontravam-se próximos aos estabelecimentos comerciais. Havia menor número de estabelecimentos no entorno dos EPSAN, com predominância de lojas de conveniência e padaria.

Abstract The concept of a family-supportive supervisor refers to supervisors’ behaviors aimed at supporting employees’ family roles. This study aimed to obtain evidence of validity of the Measure of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors, both in its comprehensive and abbreviated versions, using Brazilian samples. A total of 503 workers of both sexes participated in this research. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the comprehensive version consisted of 14 items, grouped into four first-order factors (emotional, instrumental, role model and creative management), all contributing to a second-order factor. The unifactorial reduced version consisted of four items. Both versions showed good internal consistency indices. The instruments exhibited positive correlations with work-family enrichment, supervisor support, and job satisfaction while demonstrating negative correlations with work-family conflict and turnover intention. It was concluded that the instruments presented psychometric properties that recommend their use in future research.

Resumen El apoyo del supervisor a la familia se define a las acciones de los supervisores dirigidos para respaldar los roles familiares de los empleados. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo obtener evidencias de validez de la Medida del Comportamiento de Apoyo del Supervisor a la Familia, en las versiones extensa y breve, en muestras brasileñas. En esta investigación participaron 503 trabajadores de ambos sexos. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios revelaron que la versión extensa quedó compuesta por 14 ítems, divididos en cuatro factores de primer orden (emocional, instrumental, modelo a seguir y gestión creativa) y un factor de segundo orden. La versión breve unifactorial constaba de cuatro ítems. Ambas versiones mostraron buenos índices de consistencia interna. Los instrumentos se correlacionaron positivamente con el enriquecimiento trabajo-familia, el apoyo del supervisor y la satisfacción laboral, y negativamente con el conflicto trabajo-familia y la intención de rotación. Se concluye que los instrumentos presentan propiedades psicométricas que respaldan su uso en futuras investigaciones.

Resumo O suporte do supervisor à família conceitua-se como comportamentos dos supervisores voltados a apoiar os papéis familiares dos funcionários. O presente estudo objetivou obter evidências de validade da Medida de Comportamento Suporte do Supervisor à Família, nas versões abrangente e reduzida, em amostras brasileiras. Participaram desta pesquisa 503 trabalhadores, de ambos os sexos. As análises fatoriais confirmatórias evidenciaram que a versão abrangente ficou composta por 14 itens, divididos em quatro fatores de primeira ordem (emocional, instrumental, modelo de papéis e gestão criativa) e um fator de segunda ordem. A versão reduzida unifatorial compôs-se por quatro itens. Ambas as versões apresentaram bons índices de consistência interna. Os instrumentos correlacionaram-se positivamente com o enriquecimento trabalho-família, suporte do supervisor e satisfação no trabalho, e negativamente com o conflito trabalho-família e intenção de rotatividade. Concluiu-se que os instrumentos apresentaram propriedades psicométricas que recomendam seu uso em investigações futuras.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar os efeitos dos sintomas de transtornos mentais na gravidez (sintomas depressivos, ansiedade e estresse) no ganho de peso gestacional. Estudo longitudinal, realizado com dados da Coorte de nascimento BRISA, iniciada em 2010 em São Luís, Maranhão. O ganho de peso gestacional foi classificado de acordo com Institute of Medicine. A variável independente foi um construto (variável latente) nomeado de sintomas de transtornos mentais, englobando as variáveis sintomas depressivos, a ansiedade e os sintomas estressantes (todas de forma contínua). Utilizou-se modelagem de equações estruturais, a fim de investigar a associação entre a saúde mental e ganho de peso. Em relação a associação entre sintomas de transtornos mentais e ganho de peso na gestação, não se encontrou efeito total (CP=0,043; p=0,377). Em relação aos efeitos indiretos, também não se encontrou efeito através dos comportamentos de risco (CP=0,03; p=0,368) e através da atividade física (CP=0,00; p=0,974). Finalmente os dados não evidenciaram efeito direto dos sintomas de transtornos mentais durante a gravidez como o ganho de peso gestacional (CP=0,050; p=0,404). O ganho de peso gestacional não apresentou efeito direto, indireto e total nos sintomas de transtornos mentais de gestantes.

Abstract The scope of this article is to estimate the effects of symptoms of mental disorders during pregnancy (depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress) on gestational weight gain (kg). It is a longitudinal study, carried out with data from the BRISA Birth Cohort, which was launched in 2010 in São Luís, Maranhão. Gestational weight gain was classified according to the Institute of Medicine. The independent variable was a construct (latent variable) referred to as symptoms of mental disorders, made up of the depressive symptoms, anxiety and stressful symptoms variables (all on an ongoing basis). Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the association between mental health and weight gain. Regarding the association between symptoms of mental disorders and weight gain during pregnancy, no total effect was found (PC=0.043; p=0.377). Regarding indirect effects, no effect was found either through risk behaviors (PC=0.03; p=0.368) or through physical activity (PC=0.00; p=0.974). Finally, the data did not show a direct effect of symptoms of mental disorders during pregnancy such as gestational weight gain (PC=0.050; p=0.404). Gestational weight gain had no direct, indirect or total effect on symptoms of mental disorders in pregnant women.

Abstract The scope of this article is to estimate the effects of symptoms of mental disorders during pregnancy (depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress) on gestational weight gain (kg). It is a longitudinal study, carried out with data from the BRISA Birth Cohort, which was launched in 2010 in São Luís, Maranhão. Gestational weight gain was classified according to the Institute of Medicine. The independent variable was a construct (latent variable) referred to as symptoms of mental disorders, made up of the depressive symptoms, anxiety and stressful symptoms variables (all on an ongoing basis). Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the association between mental health and weight gain. Regarding the association between symptoms of mental disorders and weight gain during pregnancy, no total effect was found (PC=0.043; p=0.377). Regarding indirect effects, no effect was found either through risk behaviors (PC=0.03; p=0.368) or through physical activity (PC=0.00; p=0.974). Finally, the data did not show a direct effect of symptoms of mental disorders during pregnancy such as gestational weight gain (PC=0.050; p=0.404). Gestational weight gain had no direct, indirect or total effect on symptoms of mental disorders in pregnant women.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar os efeitos dos sintomas de transtornos mentais na gravidez (sintomas depressivos, ansiedade e estresse) no ganho de peso gestacional. Estudo longitudinal, realizado com dados da Coorte de nascimento BRISA, iniciada em 2010 em São Luís, Maranhão. O ganho de peso gestacional foi classificado de acordo com Institute of Medicine. A variável independente foi um construto (variável latente) nomeado de sintomas de transtornos mentais, englobando as variáveis sintomas depressivos, a ansiedade e os sintomas estressantes (todas de forma contínua). Utilizou-se modelagem de equações estruturais, a fim de investigar a associação entre a saúde mental e ganho de peso. Em relação a associação entre sintomas de transtornos mentais e ganho de peso na gestação, não se encontrou efeito total (CP=0,043; p=0,377). Em relação aos efeitos indiretos, também não se encontrou efeito através dos comportamentos de risco (CP=0,03; p=0,368) e através da atividade física (CP=0,00; p=0,974). Finalmente os dados não evidenciaram efeito direto dos sintomas de transtornos mentais durante a gravidez como o ganho de peso gestacional (CP=0,050; p=0,404). O ganho de peso gestacional não apresentou efeito direto, indireto e total nos sintomas de transtornos mentais de gestantes.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os achados oculares em longo prazo de crianças que se submeteram à cirurgia de catarata congênita antes dos dois anos de idade e receberam uma injeção intracameral de triancinolona no intraoperatório ou usaram prednisolona oral no pós-operatório para modular a inflamação ocular. Métodos: Neste estudo prospectivo de coorte, todos os pacientes que participaram de um ensaio clínico anterior, que analisou os resultados cirúrgicos de 1 ano da cirurgia de catarata congênita usando triancinolona intracameral (Grupo de Estudo) ou prednisolona oral (Grupo Controle), eram elegíveis para participar. Os prontuários médicos dos pacientes foram revisados e as crianças foram submetidas a um exame oftalmológico completo no acompanhamento final. As principais medidas de desfecho foram: achados biomicroscópicos, pressão intraocular, espessura central da córnea, a necessidade de intervenções cirúrgicas adicionais e achados compatíveis com glaucoma. Resultados: Vinte e seis olhos (26 pacientes) foram incluídos (Grupo de Estudo = 11 olhos; Grupo de Controle = 15 olhos). O seguimento médio foi de 8,2 ± 1,2 anos e 8,1 ± 1,7 anos nos Grupos de Estudo e Controle, respectivamente (p=0,82). Todos os olhos apresentavam lente intraocular centrada. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos com relação à presença de sinéquia posterior (p=0,56), pressão intraocular (p=0,49) ou espessura central da córnea (p=0,21). Nenhum dos olhos preencheu os critérios diagnósticos para glaucoma, apresentou opacificação secundária do eixo visual ou foi reoperado. Conclusão: Os achados oculares em longo prazo de crianças que se submeteram à cirurgia de catarata congênita e receberam uma injeção intracameral de triancinolona no intraoperatório foram semelhantes aos que usaram prednisolona oral no pós-operatório para modular a inflamação ocular, sugerindo que a triancinolona intracameral pode substituir a prednisolona oral na cirurgia de catarata congênita, facilitando o tratamento pós-operatório e a adesão ao mesmo.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the long-term ocular findings of children that were operated of congenital cataract before the age of two and that received an intraoperative intracameral triamcinolone injection or used postoperative oral prednisolone to modulate ocular inflammation. Methods: All patients who had previously participated in a clinical trial that analyzed the 1-year surgical outcomes of congenital cataract surgery utilizing intracameral triamcinolone (study group) or oral prednisolone (control group) were eligible to participate in this prospective cohort research. Patients’ medical records were reviewed, and the children underwent a complete ophthalmologic exam on final follow-up. Biomicroscopic findings, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, the need for additional surgical interventions, and findings compatible with glaucoma were the primary end measures. Results: Twenty-six eyes (26 patients) were included (study group = 11 eyes; control group = 15 eyes). The mean follow--up was 8.2 ± 1.2 years and 8.1 ± 1.7 years in the study and control groups, respectively (p=0.82). All eyes presented a centered intraocular lens. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with regards to the presence of posterior synechia (p=0.56), intraocular pressure (p=0.49), or central corneal thickness (p=0.21). None of the eyes fulfilled the glaucoma diagnostic criteria, presented secondary visual axis obscuration, or were reoperated. Conclusion: The long--term ocular findings of children that underwent congenital cataract surgery and received an intraoperative intracameral triamcinolone injection were similar to those that used postoperative oral prednisolone to modulate ocular inflammation. This suggests that intracameral triamcinolone may substitute oral prednisolone in congenital cataract surgery, facilitating the postoperative treatment regimen and compliance.

Abstract In this study the TIG process was used to perform the surface treatment of Nickel-Aluminium Bronze alloy (C63280), the main material used in the industry for the manufacture of naval propellers. The process was applied in specimens obtained from a propeller blade at different current pulsation frequencies (2, 5, 6, 12 Hz and 30 kHz) and without pulsation. The treatments were submitted to microstructural and microhardness analysis, and the results were compared to the material without any treatment. As for the microstructural aspect, all treatments resulted in grain refining, as this aspect is more accentuated for the frequency of 6Hz. The analysis also revealed a lower volume of the α phase in all treatments, which was evidenced upon investigation of the microhardness, with dispersion of the β phase in all samples and the k phase in some samples. The results show a greater uniformity in the microhardness in the treated zone due to grain refining. However, when comparing the average microhardness with the microhardness of the reference material, a significant increase of the microhardness was reached only at the frequency of 6Hz.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of reported symptoms of flu-like syndrome (FS) among HCW and compare HCW and non-HCW on the chance of reporting these symptoms, this study analyzed data of a population-based survey conducted in Brazil. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed with self-reported data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Covid-19) from May 2020. The authors analyzed a probability sample of 125,179 workers, aged 18 to 65, with monthly income lower than US$ 3 500. The variable HCW or non-HCW was the covariate of interest and having reported FS symptoms or not was the outcome variable. Authors tested interactions of HCW with other covariates. A logit model – when controlling for sociodemographic, employment, and geographic characteristics – investigated the chance of HCW reporting FS compared to non-HCW. RESULTS HCW have a significant effect (odds ratio of 1.369) on reporting FS symptoms when compared to non-HCW. HCW account for 4.17% of the sample, with a higher frequency of FS (3.38%) than observed for non-HCW (2.43%). Female, non-white and older individuals had higher chance to report FS. CONCLUSIONS The HCW had a higher chance of reporting symptoms than non-HCW aged over 18 years in the labor force. These results emphasize guidelines for preventive measures to reduce workplace exposures in the healthcare facilities. The prevalence is disproportionately affecting HCW women and HCW non-whites. In the regions North and Northeast the steeper progression is consistent with the hypothesis of socioeconomic factors, and it explains the greater prevalence in HCW and non-HCW living in those territories.

Abstract This article aims to assess the community food environment around areas with and without Food and Nutrition Public Establishments (FNPE). Cross-sectional study carried out in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The unit of analysis was the buffer (500m) around the FNPE and the census tracts without FNPE. The investigated establishments should market food for consumption at home and be located within the buffer of the areas with and without FNPE. Data collection performed by direct observation (active search) in August to October 2019. Data collected were location and type of commercial establishments, the density of the establishments was calculated. Descriptive analysis, spatial distribution (Kernel estimator) and Nearest Neighbor analysis were performed. Of the evaluated establishments, 60.5% were in the areas without FNPE and 39.6% in the areas with FNPE, showing a random distribution pattern. Of these, 24.2% were convenience stores and bakeries, 21.0% butcher stores, and 19.0% street markets. Seven FNPE were close to commercial establishments. There were fewer establishments around the FNPE, with convenience stores and bakeries predominating.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o ambiente alimentar comunitário de áreas com e sem estabelecimentos públicos de segurança alimentar e nutricional (EPSAN). Estudo transversal realizado em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Unidade de análise foi o buffer (500m) no entorno dos EPSAN e dos setores censitários sem EPSAN. Os estabelecimentos investigados deveriam comercializar alimentos para consumo no domicílio e localizar-se dentro do buffer das áreas com e sem EPSAN. Coleta de dados realizada por observação direta (busca ativa) de agosto a outubro de 2019. Os dados coletados foram localização e tipo dos estabelecimentos comerciais, e também foi calculada a densidade dos estabelecimentos. Foram feitas análise descritiva, distribuição espacial (estimador de Kernel) e análise do vizinho mais próximo. Dos estabelecimentos avaliados, 60,5% estavam nas áreas sem EPSAN, e 39,6% nas áreas com EPSAN, apresentando padrão de distribuição aleatório. Desses, 24,2% eram lojas de conveniência e padarias, 21,0% açougues e 19,0% feiras-livres. Sete EPSAN encontravam-se próximos aos estabelecimentos comerciais. Havia menor número de estabelecimentos no entorno dos EPSAN, com predominância de lojas de conveniência e padaria.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of reported symptoms of flu-like syndrome (FS) among HCW and compare HCW and non-HCW on the chance of reporting these symptoms, this study analyzed data of a population-based survey conducted in Brazil. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed with self-reported data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Covid-19) from May 2020. The authors analyzed a probability sample of 125,179 workers, aged 18 to 65, with monthly income lower than US$ 3 500. The variable HCW or non-HCW was the covariate of interest and having reported FS symptoms or not was the outcome variable. Authors tested interactions of HCW with other covariates. A logit model – when controlling for sociodemographic, employment, and geographic characteristics – investigated the chance of HCW reporting FS compared to non-HCW. RESULTS HCW have a significant effect (odds ratio of 1.369) on reporting FS symptoms when compared to non-HCW. HCW account for 4.17% of the sample, with a higher frequency of FS (3.38%) than observed for non-HCW (2.43%). Female, non-white and older individuals had higher chance to report FS. CONCLUSIONS The HCW had a higher chance of reporting symptoms than non-HCW aged over 18 years in the labor force. These results emphasize guidelines for preventive measures to reduce workplace exposures in the healthcare facilities. The prevalence is disproportionately affecting HCW women and HCW non-whites. In the regions North and Northeast the steeper progression is consistent with the hypothesis of socioeconomic factors, and it explains the greater prevalence in HCW and non-HCW living in those territories.

Abstract: Introduction: Podcasts are audio broadcasts distributed over the internet that can be consumed through various platforms. From students to independent clinicians, the profile of medical podcast users is varied and a richer understanding of this user is essential for effective podcast development. Objective: To review the current literature on the use of podcasts as a health education tool and to understand the stages involved in preparing a medical podcast. Methods: The study is a narrative review developed through research in databases carried out at Unichristus University, in the city of Fortaleza-CE. An analysis of articles on podcasts or data on the prevalence of use, production or results of the use of podcasts for health education purposes was performed. A screening was performed by reading the abstracts and titles of 165 articles found in the Medline database, using the keywords ‘Podcasts’ and ‘medical education’, which resulted in 23 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: Based on the content found in the literature, the review was divided into seven categories: formats, episode duration, activities carried out while listening to a podcast, learning assessment, suggestions, developing a medical podcast and the podcast as a complementary teaching tool. Conclusion: the podcast is considered a promising medium of communication as a complementary tool to the traditional teaching methods, and educators should focus on developing evaluation processes for this technology, refining evidence-based guidelines for creating new podcasts.

Resumo: Introdução: Podcasts são transmissões de áudio distribuídas através de internet e podem ser consumidas por meio de plataformas variadas. De estudantes a clínicos independentes, o perfil de quem consome podcast médico é variado e uma compreensão mais rica deste usuário é essencial para desenvolvimento eficaz do podcast. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura atual sobre uso do podcast como ferramenta de educação médica e entender sobre as etapas de elaboração de um podcast médico. Métodos: O estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa desenvolvida através de pesquisa em bases de dados realizada na Universidade Unichristus, na cidade de Fortaleza-CE. Foi realizada análise de artigos sobre podcast ou com dados sobre prevalência de uso, produção ou resultados do uso de podcasts para fins de ensino médico. Foi feita triagem por resumo e título de 165 artigos encontrados na base de dados no Medline com as palavras-chave Podcasts e educação médica, que resultou em 23 artigos que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Resultados: A partir do conteúdo encontrado na literatura, a revisão foi dividida em sete categorias: formatos, duração do episódio, atividades realizadas enquanto se escuta um podcast, avaliação do aprendizado, sugestões, desenvolvendo um podcast médico e o podcast como ferramenta de ensino complementar. Conclusão: O meio é considerado promissor como ferramenta complementar aos métodos tradicionais de ensino, devendo os educadores se concentrarem no desenvolvimento de processos de avaliação desta tecnologia, refinando diretrizes baseadas em evidências para criação de novos podcasts.

ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In Brazil, TB is a public health problem, and the treatment dropout rate contributes to it. Methods: This systematic review investigated the factors associated with TB treatment dropout in Brazil using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. The databases used were Bireme, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO), and Latin-American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS). The search was conducted on May 16, 2021. Nine articles were reviewed, and all were published within the last 5 years in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Results: The sample sizes in the studies ranged from 148 to 77,212 individuals, and the studies enrolled only adult patients (aged 18-59 years) in Brazil. Evidence suggests that the significant risk factors associated with TB treatment dropout are male sex, black race/ethnicity, age between 19 and 49 years, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, low education (<8 years), use of alcohol and illicit drugs, and unsupervised treatment. This study’s limitations were the small number of articles published on this topic with stronger study designs, use of secondary data sources in most articles, and a moderate to high risk of bias in most papers. Conclusions: There was a significant association between abandonment of TB treatment and HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome co-infection; socioeconomic factors (low education and homelessness); use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs; and failure to use directly observed treatment. These results can guide more efficient measures to prevent dropout.

Abstract Raphidascarid nematodes have been the focus of several studies, mainly due to the zoonotic potential of some species, even though the cases are underreported. Due to the difficulty in identifying their larvae, the use of diagnostic techniques involving morphological and molecular analyses has grown in the last 20 years. The present study had as objective the morphological and molecular characterization of the L3 larval types of Hysterothylacium collected in Pomatomus saltatrix and Pagrus pagrus from the Brazilian coast, close to the municipality of Santos, State of São Paulo. Twenty specimens of P. saltatrix were necropsied and Hysterothylacium type V (n = 257) and Hysterothylacium type X (n = 5) larvae were found. Five specimens of P. pagrus were necropsied and all were parasitized by Hysterothylacium type V larvae. The analyses showed a genetic proximity relationship between Hysterothylacium types V with other Hysterothylacium V and with H. deardorffoverstreetorum, although this is a species inquirenda. Haplotypes for Hysterothylacium type X found in the present study formed a monophyletic group with other Hysterothylacium X, H. amoyense, and H. zhoushanense. Through this study, new hosts and localities were registered for Hysterothylacium type V and Hysterothylacium type X.

Abstract Introduction Post-COVID-19 syndrome is characterized by chronic fatigue and myalgia, among other symptoms, which can limit activities of daily living. Physical therapy protocols with multicomponent exercises combine strength, resistance, balance and gait, producing sig-nificant improvements in functional mobility. Objective Evaluate whether multicomponent rehabilitation is effective in improving functional mobility and quality of life in individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Methods Randomized controlled trial with 59 volunteers, divided into an intervention (IG) and control group (CG), all of whom underwent initial assessment (T0). The IG performed 24 sessions over 12 weeks and the CG did not undergo training. Functional mobility was analyzed using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Berg balance scale, while the SF-36 questionnaire assessed quality of life. Results In the 6MWT, the IG covered 464.40 + 81.26 meters (T0) and 518.60 + 82.68 meters (T4). The IG Berg scale scores were 48.00 + 4.00 (T0) and 51.90 + 4.26 (T4). In terms of quality of life, the IG obtained mean scores of 96.26 + 10.14 (T0) and 102.60 + 5.53 (T4). None of these measures was statistically significant. Conclusion Individuals who underwent the multicomponent phys-iotherapy protocol showed statistically nonsignificant increases in the variables studied.

Resumo Introdução A síndrome pós-COVID-19 caracteriza-se por fadiga crônica, mialgia, entre outros sintomas que podem causar limitações na realização das atividades de vida diária. Protocolos de fisioterapia com exercício de multicomponentes combinam força, resistência, equi-líbrio e marcha, e produzem melhorias significativas na mobilidade funcional. Objetivo Avaliar se a reabilitação de multicomponentes é eficaz em promover melhora na mobilidade funcional e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com síndrome pós-COVID-19. Métodos Ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado, realizado com 59 voluntários, divididos em grupo intervenção (GI) e grupo controle (GC). Todos fizeram avaliação inicial (T0); GI realizou 24 sessões durante 12 semanas e GC não realizou treinamento. A análise da mobilidade funcional foi realizada através do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6m) e da escala de equilíbrio de Berg. O questionário SF-36 avaliou a qualidade de vida. Resultados A distância percorrida no TC6m pelo GI foi de 464,40 + 81,26 metros (T0) e de 518,60 + 82,68 metros (T4). A pontuação na escala de Berg do GI foi de 48,00 + 4,00 (T0) e de 51,90 + 4,26 (T4). Na qualidade de vida, GI apresentou escore com média de 96,26 + 10,14 (T0) e 102,60 + 5,53 (T4). Nenhuma destas medidas foram estatisticamente significantes. Conclusão Os indivíduos que foram submetidos ao protocolo fisioterapêutico de multicomponentes apresentaram incrementos nas variáveis estudadas sem significância estatística.

Abstract The health of institutionalized adolescents is permeated by peculiarities that are influenced by the different contexts in which they develop. This study aimed to understand the conceptions about health and self-care elaborated by adolescents under protective measures of institutional shelter, in the light of the Bioecological model. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, based on the Bioecological Theory. Fourteen adolescent girls participated in the study. Based on the ecological insertion methodology, data were collected from a field diary, medical records, a questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews, subjected to thematic content analysis. A plurality of understandings about health and self-care was verified, which are more associated with the institutional experience than with family life and evidenced a lack of actions that support healthcare habits and autonomy of adolescents within the family unit.

Resumen La salud de la adolescente institucionalizada tiene peculiaridades que están influenciadas por los diferentes contextos en los que se desarrollan. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender las concepciones sobre la salud y el autocuidado de la salud elaboradas por las adolescentes en medidas de protección del acogimiento institucional, a la luz del modelo Bioecológico. Este es un estudio cualitativo y exploratorio, basado en la Teoría Bioecológica. Participaron 14 adolescentes mujeres. A partir de la inserción ecológica, los datos fueron recolectados mediante diario de campo, fichas médicas, cuestionario y entrevistas semiestructuradas, sometidas a análisis de contenido temático. Se verificó una pluralidad de comprensiones sobre la salud y el autocuidado, que están más asociadas a la experiencia institucional que a la vida familiar y mostraron una falta de acciones que apoyen los hábitos de cuidado de la salud y la autonomía de las adolescentes dentro del núcleo familiar.

Resumo A saúde da adolescente institucionalizada é permeada por peculiaridades que são influenciadas pelos diferentes contextos em que se desenvolve. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender as concepções sobre saúde e autocuidado com a saúde elaboradas por adolescentes em medida protetiva de acolhimento institucional, à luz do modelo Bioecológico. Estudo qualitativo e exploratório, embasado na Teoria Bioecológica. Participaram 14 adolescentes do sexo feminino. A partir da inserção ecológica os dados foram coletados por diário de campo, prontuário, questionário e entrevistas semiestruturadas, submetidas à análise temática do conteúdo. Verificou-se uma pluralidade de compreensões sobre saúde e autocuidado, que estão mais associadas à vivência institucional do que à convivência familiar e evidenciaram carência de ações que apoiem os hábitos de cuidados com a saúde e a autonomia das adolescentes dentro do núcleo familiar.