Essential oils (EOs) of the leaves of three Eugenia punicifolia specimens from two different Reservation Parks, namely Parque Nacional das Nascentes do Rio Parnaíba (EpNRP-I and EpNRP-II) and Parque Nacional da Chapada das Mesas (EpCM), in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, were extracted by hydrodistillation and investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses indicated differences between the samples. Antiproliferative EOs activity was determined for U-251 (glioblastoma), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI/ADR-RES (multidrug-resistant ovarian adenocarcinoma), OVCAR-3 (ovarian adenocarcinoma), HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), and HaCaT (non-tumor keratinocyte) cell lines applying the colorimetric method using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) to determine the GI50 (50% growth inhibition) concentration. The extraction yields of the analyzed EOs were 0.58, 1.42 and 0.84%. The main constituents identified in two samples were α-pinene (49.75%), 1,8-cineole (13.77%) and (-terpineol (7.32%), and in the third sample, germacrene B (16.25%), (E)-caryophyllene (13.21%) and β-pinene (12.81%). The main GI50 results for sample EpNRP-I were noted for the U-251 (2.13 µg mL−1) and MCF-7 (6.72 µg mL−1) tumor lines. For the non-tumoral line HaCaT, the calculated GI50 was higher than the positive control comprising doxorubicin hydrochloride (13.35 µg mL−1). In addition, a flow cytometry analysis revealed that this same sample arrests the cell cycle of the MCF-7 line in the second interphase stage.

Resumo Objetivo: Determinar fatores de risco do período de internação neonatal e do seguimento ambulatorial associados à falha de crescimento no primeiro ano de vida de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso. Métodos: Estudo com crianças nascidas prematuras de muito baixo peso em acompanhamento de 2006 a 2013 em ambulatório de alto risco de um hospital-escola. Incluídas aquelas que fizera pelo menos uma consulta em cada um dos três períodos assim determinados: Período I - até três meses de idade corrigida (IC); Período II - entre quatro e seis meses de IC; e Período III - entre sete e 12 meses de IC. As variáveis foram analisadas por regressão logística com o programa XLStat 2014 (Microsoft®, WA, EUA). A falha de crescimento (escore z abaixo de --2 DP) foi classificada como variável dependente do tipo dicotômica (0 - falha/1 - sucesso) e as demais variáveis foram classificadas como variáveis explicativas para os períodos de internação e para cada um dos períodos de seguimento (I, II e III). Resultados: Nascer adequado para a idade gestacional aumenta a chance de apresentar escore Z do peso na alta hospitalar acima de -2 DP (OR = 10,217; IC95% 1.117-93,436). Doença metabólica óssea e retinopatia da prematuridade durante o Período I e reinternações nos Períodos II e III de seguimento aumentam a chance de escore z abaixo de -2 DP. Conclusão: A falha de crescimento é influenciada por fatores intrauterinos e posteriormente por diversas morbidades, tanto no período da internação como no pós-alta. Tais variáveis estudadas deveriam ter prioridade no seguimento.

Abstract Objective: To determine risk factors during neonatal hospital stay and follow-up associated with failure to thrive in the first year of life of very low birth weight newborns. Methods: Study of preterm very low birth weight newborns followed from 2006 to 2013 in a public institutional hospital program. The study included newborns that attended at least one appointment in each of the three periods: Period I, up to 3 months of corrected age (CA); Period II, 4-6 months of CA; and Period III, 7-12 months of CA. The variables were analyzed by logistic regression with XLSTAT 2014 software (Microsoft®, WA, USA). Failure to thrive (Z-score below -2 SD) was classified as a dichotomous dependent variable (0 - failure/1 - success), while the other variables were classified as explanatory variables for the hospitalization periods and for each of the follow-up periods (I, II, and III). Results: Children born adequate for gestational age increased the chance of Z-score for weight at discharge > -2 SD (OR = 10.217; 95% CI: 1.117-93.436). Metabolic bone disease and retinopathy of prematurity in Period I, as well as hospital readmissions in Periods II and III during follow-up increased the chance of Z-score < -2 SD. Conclusion: Failure to thrive is influenced by intrauterine factors and, subsequently, by several morbidities, both in the birth and hospitalization period, as well as in the post-discharge period and thus, such variables should be prioritized in the follow-up.