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Abstract Background: Patients using immunosuppressive drugs may have unfavorable results after infections. However, there is a lack of information regarding COVID 19 in these patients, especially in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with COVID 19 hospitalizations in patients with RA. Methods: This multicenter, prospective cohort study is within the ReumaCoV Brazil registry and included 489 patients with RA. In this context, 269 patients who tested positive for COVID 19 were compared to 220 patients who tested negative for COVID 19 (control group). All patient data were collected from the Research Electronic Data Capture database. Results: The participants were predominantly female (90.6%) with a mean age of 53 ±12 years. Of the patients with COVID 19, 54 (20.1%) required hospitalization. After multiple adjustments, the final regression model showed that heart disease (OR =4.61, 95% CI 1.06–20.02. P < 0.001) and current use of glucocorticoids (OR =20.66, 95% CI 3.09–138. P < 0.002) were the risk factors associated with hospitalization. In addition, anosmia was associated with a lower chance of hospitalization (OR =0.26; 95% CI 0.10–0.67, P < 0.005). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that heart disease and the use of glucocorticoids were associated with a higher number of hospital admissions for COVID 19 in patients with RA. Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR 33YTQC.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-022-00244-5

Brazilian recommendations for the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
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Lage, Ricardo da Cruz

; Marques, Claudia Diniz Lopes

; Oliveira, Thauana Luiza

; Resende, Gustavo Gomes

; Kohem, Charles Lubianca

; Saad, Carla Gonçalves

; Ximenes, Antônio Carlos

; Gonçalves, Célio Roberto

; Bianchi, Washington Alves

; Meirelles, Eduardo de Souza

; Keiserman, Mauro Waldemar

; Chiereghin, Adriano

; Campanholo, Cristiano Barbosa

; Lyrio, André Marun

; Schainberg, Cláudia Goldenstein

; Pieruccetti, Lenise Brandao

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Palominos, Penelope Esther

; Goncalves, Rafaela Silva Guimarães

; Assad, Rodrigo Luppino

; Bonfiglioli, Rubens

; Lima, Sônia Maria Alvarenga Anti Loduca

; Carneiro, Sueli

; Azevedo, Valderílio Feijó

; Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires

; Bernardo, Wanderley Marques

; Sampaio-Barros, Percival Degrava

; Pinheiro, Marcelo de Medeiros

Advances in Rheumatology

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2021, Volume 61 elocation 4

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases characterized by axial and/or peripheral joints inflammation, as well as extra-articular manifestations. Over some decades, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been the basis for the pharmacological treatment of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). However, the emergence of the immunobiologic agents brought up the discussion about the role of NSAIDs in the management of these patients. The objective of this guideline is to provide recommendations for the use of NSAIDs for the treatment of axSpA. A panel of experts from the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials for 15 predefined questions. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology to assess the quality of evidence and formulate recommendations were used, and at least 70% agreement of the voting panel was needed. Fourteen recommendations for the use of NSAIDs in the treatment of patients with axSpA were elaborated. The purpose of these recommendations is to support clinicians’ decision making, without taking out his/her autonomy when prescribing for an individual patient.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-020-00160-6 505 downloads

Brazilian Society of Rheumatology 2020 guidelines for psoriatic arthritis
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Carneiro, Sueli

; Palominos, Penelope Esther

; Anti, Sônia Maria Alvarenga

; Assad, Rodrigo Luppino

; Gonçalves, Rafaela Silva Guimarães

; Chiereghin, Adriano

; Lyrio, Andre Marun

; Ximenes, Antônio Carlos

; Saad, Carla Gonçalves

; Gonçalves, Célio Roberto

; Kohem, Charles Lubianca

; Marques, Cláudia Diniz Lopes

; Schainberg, Cláudia Goldenstein

; Meirelles, Eduardo de Souza

; Resende, Gustavo Gomes

; Pieruccetti, Lenise Brandao

; Keiserman, Mauro Waldemar

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Sampaio-Barros, Percival Degrava

; Lage, Ricardo da Cruz

; Bonfiglioli, Rubens

; Oliveira, Thauana Luíza

; Azevedo, Valderílio Feijó

; Bianchi, Washington Alves

; Bernardo, Wanderley Marques

; Simões, Ricardo dos Santos

; Pinheiro, Marcelo de Medeiros

; Campanholo, Cristiano Barbosa

Advances in Rheumatology

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2021, Volume 61 elocation 69

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic and systemic immune disease characterized by inflammation of peripheral and/ or axial joints and entheses in patients with psoriasis (PsO). Extra-articular and extracutaneous manifestations and numerous comorbidities can also be present. These recommendations replace the previous version published in May 2013. A systematic review of the literature retrieved 191 articles that were used to formulate 12 recommendations in response to 12 clinical questions, divided into 4 sections: diagnosis, non-pharmacological treatment, conventional drug therapy and biologic therapy. These guidelines provide evidence-based information on the clinical management for PsA patients. For each recommendation, the level of evidence (highest available), degree of strength (Oxford) and degree of expert agreement (interrater reliability) are reported.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-021-00219-y

The Brazilian Society of Rheumatology guidelines for axial spondyloarthritis – 2019
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Resende, Gustavo Gomes

; Meirelles, Eduardo de Souza

; Marques, Cláudia Diniz Lopes

; Chiereghin, Adriano

; Lyrio, Andre Marun

; Ximenes, Antônio Carlos

; Saad, Carla Gonçalves

; Gonçalves, Célio Roberto

; Kohem, Charles Lubianca

; Schainberg, Cláudia Goldenstein

; Campanholo, Cristiano Barbosa

; Bueno Filho, Júlio Silvio de Sousa

; Pieruccetti, Lenise Brandao

; Keiserman, Mauro Waldemar

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Palominos, Penelope Esther

; Goncalves, Rafaela Silva Guimarães

; Lage, Ricardo da Cruz

; Assad, Rodrigo Luppino

; Bonfiglioli, Rubens

; Anti, Sônia Maria Alvarenga

; Carneiro, Sueli

; Oliveira, Thauana Luíza

; Azevedo, Valderílio Feijó

; Bianchi, Washington Alves

; Bernardo, Wanderley Marques

; Pinheiro, Marcelo de Medeiros

; Sampaio-Barros, Percival Degrava

Advances in Rheumatology

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2020, Volume 60 elocation 19

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Spondyloarthritis is a group of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases characterized by axial and/or peripheral joints inflammation, as well as extra-articular manifestations. The classification axial spondyloarthritis is adopted when the spine and/or the sacroiliac joints are predominantly involved. This version of recommendations replaces the previous guidelines published in May 2013. A systematic literature review was performed, and two hundred thirty-seven studies were selected and used to formulate 29 recommendations answering 15 clinical questions, which were divided into four sections: diagnosis, non-pharmacological therapy, conventional drug therapy and biological therapy. For each recommendation the level of evidence supporting (highest available), the strength grade according to Oxford, and the degree of expert agreement (inter-rater reliability) is informed. These guidelines bring evidence-based information on clinical management of axial SpA patients, including, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-020-0116-2 1116 downloads

Brazilian recommendations on the safety and effectiveness of the yellow fever vaccination in patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
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Pileggi, Gecilmara Salviato

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique Da

; Kakehasi, Adriana Maria

; Souza, Alexandre Wagner De

; Rocha, Aline

; Melo, Ana Karla Guedes de

; Fonte, Caroline Araujo M. da

; Bortoletto, Cecilia

; Brenol, Claiton Viegas

; Marques, Claudia Diniz Lopes

; Zaltman, Cyrla

; Borba, Eduardo Ferreira

; Reis, Enio Ribeiro

; Freire, Eutilia Andrade Medeiros

; Klumb, Evandro Mendes

; Christopoulos, Georges Basile

; Laurindo, Ieda Maria M.

; Ballalai, Isabella

; Costa, Izaias Pereira Da

; Michelin, Lessandra

; Valadares, Lilian David de Azevêdo

; Chebli, Liliana Andrade

; Lacerda, Marcus

; Toscano, Maria Amazile Ferreira

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Vieira, Rejane Maria R. De Abreu

; Magalhães, Renata

; Kfouri, Renato

; Richtmann, Rosana

; Merenlender, Selma Da Costa Silva

; Valim, Valeria

; Assis, Marcos Renato De

; Kowalski, Sergio Candido

; Trevisani, Virginia Fernandes Moça

Advances in Rheumatology

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2019, Volume 59 elocation 17

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: In Brazil, we are facing an alarming epidemic scenario of Yellow fever (YF), which is reaching the most populous areas of the country in unvaccinated people. Vaccination is the only effective tool to prevent YF. In special situations, such as patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (CIMID), undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, as a higher risk of severe adverse events may occur, assessment of the risk-benefit ratio of the yellow fever vaccine (YFV) should be performed on an individual level. Main body of the abstract: Faced with the scarcity of specific orientation on YFV for this special group of patients, the Brazilian Rheumatology Society (BRS) endorsed a project aiming the development of individualized YFV recommendations for patients with CIMID, guided by questions addressed by both medical professionals and patients, followed an internationally validated methodology (GIN-McMaster Guideline Development). Firstly, a systematic review was carried out and an expert panel formed to take part of the decision process, comprising BRS clinical practitioners, as well as individuals from the Brazilian Dermatology Society (BDS), Brazilian Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Study Group (GEDIIB), and specialists on infectious diseases and vaccination (from Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Immunizations National Societies); in addition, two representatives of patient groups were included as members of the panel. When the quality of the evidence was low or there was a lack of evidence to determine the recommendations, the decisions were based on the expert opinion panel and a Delphi approach was performed. A recommendation was accepted upon achieving ≥80% agreement among the panel, including the patient representatives. As a result, eight recommendations were developed regarding the safety of YFV in patients with CIMID, considering the immunosuppression degree conferred by the treatment used. It was not possible to establish recommendations on the effectiveness of YFV in these patients as there is no consistent evidence to support these recommendations. Conclusion: This paper approaches a real need, assessed by clinicians and patient care groups, to address specific questions on the management of YFV in patients with CIMID living or traveling to YF endemic areas, involving specialists from many areas together with patients, and might have global applicability, contributing to and supporting vaccination practices. We recommended a shared decision-making approach on taking or not the YFV.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-019-0056-x 1111 downloads

The role of KIR2DL3/HLA-C*0802 in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid vasculitis
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Nishimura, Wester Eidi

; Sachetto, Zoraida

; Costallat, Lilian Teresa Lavras

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Londe, Ana Carolina Santos

; Guariento, Edilaine Gildo

; Marques, Silvia Barbosa Dutra

; Bertolo, Manoel Barros

Clinics

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jun 2015, Volume 70 N. 6 Pages 408 - 412

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis is a polygenically controlled systemic autoimmune disease. Rheumatoid vasculitis is an important extra-articular phenotype of rheumatoid arthritis that can result in deep cutaneous ulcers. The objective of this study was to establish a correlation between the frequency of major histocompatibility complex class I/II alleles and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes in patients with cutaneous rheumatoid vasculitis. METHODS: Using the Scott & Bacon 1984 criteria to diagnose rheumatoid vasculitis and after excluding any other causes such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, adverse drug reactions, infection, and smoking, patients who met the criteria were selected. All of the selected rheumatoid vasculitis patients presented deep cutaneous ulcers. Identification of the major histocompatibility complex class I/II and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes was performed by polymerase chain reaction assays of samples collected from the 23 rheumatoid vasculitis patients as well as from 80 controls (40 non-rheumatoid vasculitis RA control patients and 40 healthy volunteers). RESULTS: An association between the presence of the HLA-DRB1*1402 and HLA-DRB1*0101 alleles and cutaneous lesions in rheumatoid vasculitis patients and a correlation between the inhibitor KIR2DL3 and the HLA-C*0802 ligand in rheumatoid vasculitis patients were found. CONCLUSION: An association was found between the presence of the HLA-DRB1*1402 and HLA-DRB1*0101 alleles and the development of cutaneous lesions in rheumatoid vasculitis patients. Additionally, the HLA-C*0802 ligand protects these individuals from developing cutaneous lesions.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2015(06)04 1133 downloads

Escore US7 modificado na avaliação de sinovite em pacientes com artrite reumatoide inicial
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Mendonça, José Alexandre

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Costallat, Beatriz Lavras

; Gutiérrez, Marwin

; Bértolo, Manoel Barros

Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia

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aug 2014, Volume 54 N. 4 Pages 287 - 294

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo: Avaliar o escore US7 modificado (escore MUS7 SIN) na avaliação de pacientes com artrite reumatoide inicial (ARI). Além disso, foram examinados recessos dorsais e palmares dos punhos, bem como pequenas articulações das mãos e dos pés, para o diagnóstico de sinovite, mediante uma avaliação global das articulações. Métodos: A amostra do estudo compreendeu 32 pacientes tratados para artrite, com 13 meses como duração média da doença. Foi utilizado um aparelho de ultrassonografia (US) com transdutor de alta frequência. As mãos dos participantes também foram radiografadas e analisadas pelo escore de Larsen. Resultados: Nas 832 articulações examinadas, detectou-se sinovite em 173 (20,79%), tenossinovite em 22 (4,91%) e erosões em três (1,56%). A sinovite foi predominantemente detectada no recesso dorsal (73,38%) das articulações MCF e IFP, quando comparado com o recesso palmar (26%). A presença de sinovite nas articulações avaliadas teve correlação com os resultados clínicos (HAQ-DI, DAS28), laboratoriais (anti-PCC, FR, PCR) e ultrassonográficos (r = 0,37 a r = 0,42; p = 0,04 a p = 0,003). Encontramos correlação do escore MUS7 SIN para US na técnica da escala de cinzas (gray scale) ou na técnica de Doppler de amplitude (power Doppler) com os valores do instrumento DAS28 (PCR) (r = 0,38; p = 0,0332) e com os resultados da PCR (r = 0,39; p = 0,0280), respectivamente. Conclusão: O recesso dorsal, o punho e as pequenas articulações podem ser considerados como locais importantes para a detecção de sinovite pelo escore MUS7 SIN em pacientes com ARI.

Objective: To evaluate the modified US7 score (MUS7 score SYN) in the assessment of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA). In addition, dorsal and palmar recesses of the wrists as well as of small joints of the hands and feet were examined for the presence of synovitis by means of a global assessment of joints. Methods: The study sample comprised 32 patients treated for arthritis, with an average disease duration of 13 months. An ultrasound machine with high frequency transducer was used. Hands were also X-rayed and analysed by Larsen score. Results: Out of the 832 examined joints, synovitis was detected in 173 (20,79%), tenosynovitis in 22 (4,91%), and erosions in 3 (1,56%). Synovitis was predominantly detected in the dorsal recess (73,38%) of MCP and PIP joints, when compared with palmar recess (26%). The presence of synovitis in the joints evaluated correlated with clinical (HAQ-DI, DAS28), laboratory (ACPA, RF, CRP), and ultrasound results (r = 0,37 to r = 0,42; p = 0,04 to p = 0,003). We found correlation of the MUS7 score SYN of the gray scale US or of the power Doppler US with DAS28 (PCR) values (r = 0,38; p = 0,0332), and with CRP results (r = 0,39; p = 0,0280), respectively. Conclusion: The dorsal recess, the wrist, and small joints can be considered as important sites to detect synovitis by the MUS7 score SYN in patients with ERA.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbr.2014.03.026 5667 downloads

Infliximab reduces cardiac output in rheumatoid arthritis patients without heart failure
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Santos, Rodrigo Cardoso

; Figueiredo, Valéria Nasser

; Martins, Luiz Cláudio

; Moraes, Carolina de Haro

; Quinaglia, Thiago

; Boer-Martins, Leandro

; Ferreira-Melo, Sílvia Elaine

; Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Bertolo, Manoel

; Moreno Junior, Heitor

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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dec 2012, Volume 58 N. 6 Pages 698 - 702

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: O inibidor de fator de necrose tumoral (TNF-α) infliximabe é usado no tratamento de doenças autoimunes como a artrite reumatoide (AR). Embora o risco de piora de insuficiência cardíaca em pacientes submetidos a tratamento crônico tenha sido descrito, os efeitos cardiovasculares agudos da infusão desta droga em pacientes com AR sem insuficiência cardíaca são desconhecidos. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com AR e ecocardiogramas normais e sem antecedentes de insuficiência cardíaca foram avaliados durante o período de infusão de infliximabe (3-5mg/kg), de 2 horas, utilizando um sistema de monitoramento hemodinâmico não invasivo batimento-a-batimento (Portapres). As variáveis avaliadas foram: volume sistólico (VS), pressão arterial sistólica, diastólica e média (PAS, PAD e PAM, respectivamente), débito cardíaco (DC), frequência cardíaca (FC) e resistência vascular periférica total (RVPT). Todos os voluntários também receberam infusão de soro fisiológico (SF) como estudo controle. Estatísticas foram avaliadas usando o teste de Tuckey. Os valores estão expressos em média ± desvio-padrão. RESULTADOS: Catorze pacientes (6M/8F), com idade média de 47,2 ± 8,8 anos, foram avaliados. Reduções significativas no débito cardíaco e volume sistólico foram encontradas após a infusão do infliximabe (7,04 ± 2,3 a 6,12 ± 2,1 L/min e 91 ± 29,0 a 83 ± 28,8 mL/batimento, respectivamente). Embora não estatisticamente significante, detectaram-se aumentos progressivos na PAS, PAD e RVPT durante a infusão. A infusão controle de SF não causou mudanças hemodinâmicas significativas nos pacientes estudados. Não foram observados efeitos adversos no período de infusão. CONCLUSÃO: A administração de infliximabe reduz agudamente o débito cardíaco devido a redução no volume sistólico em pacientes com AR sem insuficiência cardíaca. Nossos resultados mostram que, apesar do efeito inotrópico negativo, o infliximabe elevou a pressão arterial, provavelmente devido ao aumento na RVPT.

OBJECTIVE: Human anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) monoclonal antibody (infliximab) is used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the risk of worsening heart failure has been described in patients under chronic treatment, the acute cardiovascular effects of this drug are unknown in RA patients without heart failure. METHODS: 14 RA patients with normal echocardiography and no history of heart failure were evaluated during the 2-hour infliximab (3-5 mg/kg) infusion period, using a noninvasive hemodynamic beat-to-beat system (Portapres). Stroke volume (SV); systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures (SBP, DBP and MBP, respectively); cardiac output (CO); heart rate (HR); and total peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) were recorded. All patients also received saline infusion instead of infliximab as a control. Significant differences in hemodynamic parameters were determined using Tuckey's test. All values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). RESULTS: Fourteen RA patients (6M/8F) with mean age of 47.2 ± 8.8 years were evaluated. A significant decrease was found in cardiac output and stroke volume (7.04 ± 2.3 to 6.12 ± 2.1 l/min and 91 ± 29.0 to 83 ± 28.8 mL/beat, respectively) after infliximab infusion. Although not statistically significant, a progressive increase was detected in SBP, DBP and total PVR during infusion. Saline infusion did not cause significant hemodynamic changes in the same group of RA patients. No adverse effects were observed during the infusion period. CONCLUSION: Acute infliximab administration decreased cardiac output due to low stroke volume in RA patients without heart disease. The results also demonstrated that, in spite of its negative inotropic effect, infliximab enhanced BP, probably by increasing PVR.

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Association analysis of anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope and smoking status in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid arthritis
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Yazbek, Michel Alexandre

; Barros-Mazon, Silvia de

; Rossi, Cláudio Lúcio

; Londe, Ana Carolina

; Costallat, Lilian Tereza Lavras

; Bertolo, Manoel Barros

Clinics

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2011, Volume 66 N. 8 Pages 1401 - 1406

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

INTRODUCTION: Epstein-Barr virus exposure appears to be an environmental trigger for rheumatoid arthritis that interacts with other risk factors. Relationships among anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status have been observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from different populations. OBJECTIVE: To perform an association analysis of anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: In a case-control study, 140 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 143 healthy volunteers who were matched for age, sex, and ethnicity were recruited. Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and shared epitope alleles were identified by genotyping. Smoking information was collected from all subjects. A comparative analysis of anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status was performed in the patient group. Logistic regression analysis models were used to analyze the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. RESULTS: Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies were not associated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, shared epitope alleles, or smoking status. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody positivity was significantly higher in smoking patients with shared epitope alleles (OR = 3.82). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis using stepwise selection, only anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were found to be independently associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 247.9). CONCLUSION: Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies did not increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and were not associated with the rheumatoid arthritis risk factors studied. Smoking and shared epitope alleles were correlated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Of the risk factors, only anticyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies were independently associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility.

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