SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the quality of YouTube videos about microscopic varicocelectomy. METHODS: On November 20, 2022, a YouTube search for “Microscopic Varicocelectomy” was conducted. Non-English videos uploaded by producers for commercial purposes that lacked audio and subtitles were excluded from the study. A total of 50 videos were evaluated using the Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score and the Global Quality Score, both of which are recognized internationally. Additionally, the researcher developed the Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score to evaluate the videos’ technical content. The upload source, video length, number of views, likes, dislikes, and video power indexes were evaluated. RESULTS: The Global Quality Score, Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score, and Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score of the academically prepared videos were significantly higher than those of the physician-prepared videos (p<0.05). The Global Quality Score, Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score, and Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score of uploaded videos with audio, audio, and subtitles were significantly higher than those with only subtitles (p<0.05). The video duration was positively correlated with Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score, Global Quality Score, and Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score. The video power index had a strong positive correlation with the number of likes. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was observed, indicating that the Global Quality Score and Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score increased as the Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score increased. CONCLUSION: YouTube videos regarding microscopic varicocelectomy were of notably low quality. If the video content created by specialist physicians and academic centers is more meticulously organized, more accurate data can be transmitted. Consequently, viewing video content may not be advised based on the available data.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of press temperature on physicochemical properties, fatty acid, sterol, phenolic composition, in-vitro cytotoxicity assay, and anti-inflammatory activity of pumpkin seed oil. For this aim, the oils obtained at 100 °C (PSO2) and 150 °C (PSO3) press temperature were compared with the cold press oil (PSO1). The application of press temperature at 150 °C caused a significant decrease in the amount of sterol, while the press application at 100 °C did not cause a significant change in the sterol composition. Total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity values, and individual phenolic content of PSO2 and PSO3 samples were significantly lower than those of PSO1. 30 mg/mL of PSO1, PSO2, and PSO3 samples exhibited a cytotoxic effect on the cells with an inhibition ratio of 75%, 48%, and 39%, respectively, indicating that press temperature reduced the cytotoxic effect of pumpkin seed oil. PSO1 showed anti-inflammatory activity ranged from 79% to 59%, while at the same concentrations PSO2 and PSO3 exhibited approximately from 58% to 49%. This study indicated that the bioactive properties of the cold press oil could be negatively affected by higher press temperature.

Objectives: There is no trial comparing bipolar cautery and ligation for occlusion of vas in non-scalpel vasectomy. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of these vasectomy occlusion techniques. Materials and Methods: Between January 2002-June 2009, patients were allocated in alternate order. We recruited 100 cases in cautery group and 100 cases in ligation group. Non-scalpel approach was performed during vasectomy and fascial interposition was performed in all cases. First semen analysis was done 3 months after vasectomy. Vasectomy success was defined as azoospermia or non-motile sperm lower than 100.000/mL. Results: Four patients from the cautery group were switched to the ligation group due to technical problem of cautery device. Thus, data of 96 patients as cautery group and 104 patients as ligation group were evaluated. After vasectomy, semen analyses were obtained from 59 of 96 (61.5%) patients in cautery group and to 66 of 104 (63.5%) patients in ligation group. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups in terms of the success of vasectomy (p=0.863). Conclusion: Although bipolar cautery technique is safe, effective and feasible in non-scalpel vasectomy, it has no superiority to ligation. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the success and complications between the two groups.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar o efeito da idade sobre o sucesso de dacriocistorrinostomia transcanalicular auxiliada por laser de diodo (TCDCR). Método: Setenta olhos de setenta pacientes submetidos dacriocistorrinostomia transcanalicular auxiliada por laser de diodo para o tratamento da obstrução nasolacrimal como cirurgia primária foram incluídos neste estudo retrospectivo, não randomizado. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos segundo a idade. As idades médias foram 21,3 ± 3,3 no grupo 1 e 60,3 ± 7,3 no grupo 2. Os registros do acompanhamento pós-operatório aos três, seis e 12 meses, foram avaliados, observando resultados anatômicos e funcionais. Sucesso funcional foi definido como a ausência de lacrimejamento, conforme informado pelo paciente. Sucesso anatômico foi determinado como a permeabilidade do novo óstio à irrigação. Resultados: Nos três meses de acompanhamento, 67% dos casos no grupo 1 apresentou sucesso anatômico, e 52% mostraram sucesso funcional. No grupo 2, as taxas foram de 100% e 92%, respectivamente. Taxas de sucesso funcionais e anatômicas foram as mesmas para ambos os seis e 12 meses de visitas: 46% no grupo 1 e 76% no grupo 2. Os resultados do grupo 2 foram significativamente melhores em todas as três visitas pós-operatorias (p<0,05). Conclusões: Este estudo mostra claramente que os pacientes mais idosos apresentam melhores resultados à dacriocistorrinostomia transcanalicular auxiliada por laser de diodo comparados aos mais jovens. A resposta inflamatória diminuída na população mais velha é um possível fator que contribuiu para estes resultados.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of age on the success of transcanalicular diode laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy (TCDCR). Methods: Seventy patients (70 eyes) who underwent transcanalicular diode laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction as a primary surgery were included in this retrospective, nonrandomized study. The patients were divided into two groups according to age. Mean ages were 21.3 ± 3.3 in group 1 and 60.3 ± 7.3 in group 2. The records of the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up examinations were evaluated, and the anatomical and functional outcomes were noted. Functional success was defined as the absence of epiphora as indicated by the patient. Anatomical success was determined as patency of the neo-ostium with irrigation. Results: At the 3-month follow-up, 67% cases in group 1 showed anatomical success and 52% showed functional success; in group 2, the rates were 100% and 92%, respectively. Functional and anatomical success rates were the same for both the 6- and 12-month visits; 46% in group 1 and 76% in group 2. The results in group 2 were significantly better at all three follow-up visits (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study clearly showed that the older patients experienced better transcanalicular diode laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy results than the younger patients. The diminished inflammatory response in the older population may be a possible contributing factor to these results.