Abstract Although stages T3 and T4 rectal cancer can be reduced to T1 or T2 after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, the accuracy of the endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) for the post-radiochemotherapy evaluation of low rectal cancer has seldom been reported. We aimed to investigate the value of ERUS in the assessment of invasion staging in low rectal cancer with local progression, and the factors affecting its accuracy, after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. A total of 114 patients administered with neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for stages II and III low rectal cancer (local stage T3/T4) from February 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled in the study. The changes in local lesions were evaluated using ERUS before and after radiochemotherapy, and compared with the pathological T staging. The accuracy of post-neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy re-staging examined with ERUS was evaluated, and univariate analysis was used to identify the factors affecting the accuracy. After neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, the blood flow distribution within the lesion significantly declined (P<0.05), the max length and max thickness of the longitudinal axis of the lesion were reduced (P<0.05), and the uT staging was decreased (P<0.05), when compared with lesions before the treatment. Compared with postoperative pathological T staging, the accuracies of ERUS in T1, T2, T3 and T4 stages were 11.11%, 28.57%, 27.27% and 100%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that review time of ERUS, post-operative T staging and Wheeler rectal regression stage were factors affecting the accuracy of ERUS re-staging. ERUS is more accurate for T4 re-staging, follow-up reviewed six weeks after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and low regression tumors, with a high application value for the assessment of the efficacy of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for low rectal cancer.

Resumen Aunque el cáncer de recto en estadios T3 y T4 se puede reducir a T1 o T2 después de la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante, rara vez se ha informado la precisión de la ecografía endorrectal (ERUS) para la evaluación posterior a la radioquimioterapia del cáncer de recto inferior. Nuestro objetivo fue investigar el valor de ERUS en la evaluación de la estadificación de la invasión en el cáncer de recto inferior con progresión local, después de la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante y los factores que afectan su precisión. Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 114 pacientes a los que se les administró radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante para el cáncer de recto inferior en estadios II y III (estadio local T3/T4), desde febrero de 2018 hasta diciembre de 2020. Los cambios en las lesiones locales se evaluaron mediante ERUS antes y después de la radioquimioterapia y se compararon con la estadificación patológica T. Se evaluó la precisión de la re-estadificación examinada con ERUS, después de la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante y se utilizó un análisis univariado para identificar los factores que afectan su precisión. Después de la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante, la distribución del flujo sanguíneo dentro de la lesión disminuyó significativamente (P<0,05), la longitud máxima y el espesor máximo del eje longitudinal de la lesión se redujeron (P<0,05) y la estadificación uT disminuyó (P<0,05), en comparación con las lesiones antes del tratamiento. En comparación con la estadificación T patológica posoperatoria, las precisiones de ERUS en las etapas T1, T2, T3 y T4 fueron del 11,11%, 28,57%, 27,27% y 100%, respectivamente. El análisis univariable indicó que el tiempo de revisión de ERUS, la estadificación T postoperatoria y la etapa de regresión rectal de Wheeler fueron factores que afectaron la precisión de la re-estadificación con ERUS. ERUS es más preciso para la re-estadificación de T4, el seguimiento seis semanas después de la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante y en tumores de baja regresión, con un alto valor de aplicación para la evaluación de la eficacia de la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante para el cáncer rectal bajo.

Resumo Embora a qualidade do serviço e a satisfação do cliente tenham sido frequentemente discutidas na investigação turística, as suas conexões com fatores emocionais raramente têm sido investigadas num contexto de museu. O Museu de Antropologia de Guangxi foca-se em minorias étnicas únicas, e é usado como estudo de caso neste artigo. Este estudo examina as relações entre os fatores que influenciam o apego emocional, a satisfação, a lealdade conativa e a qualidade percebida dos visitantes. A modelagem de equações estruturais (PLS-SEM) foi utilizada para modelar as relações entre esses quatro construtos, tendo sido avaliada uma amostra de 184 visitantes do museu. O modelo conceitual suporta todas as hipóteses propostas. Os resultados mostram influências positivas entre o apego emocional, a satisfação dos visitantes e a qualidade percebida, o que pode de fato afetar a lealdade conativa dos visitantes a um museu específico.

Abstract Although service quality and customer satisfaction have been frequently discussed by scholars in tourism research, their connections with emotional factors have rarely been investigated in a museum context. The Anthropology Museum of Guangxi focuses on unique ethnic minorities, which is used as the case study in this paper. This study examines the relationships among the factors that influence visitors’ emotional attachment, satisfaction, conative loyalty, and perceived quality. Structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to model the relations among these four constructs, a 184-visitor sample is assessed, and the conceptual model supports all the proposed hypotheses. The results show positive influences among emotional attachment, visitor satisfaction, and perceived quality, which may indeed affect visitors’ conative loyalty to a specific museum. The practical applications are suggested based on findings that the conative loyalty of museum visitors is relatively influenced by their emotional connection and that emotional arousal can promote the acceptance of museum tourism.

O objetivo deste estudo é desenvolver um método simples e específico de HPLC usando vitexina como padrão interno para investigar a farmacocinética do isoquercitrina (ISOQ) após três doses diferentes administradas por via intravenosa a ratos. Os parâmetros farmacocinéticos foram calculados pelas abordagens compartimental e não compartimental. Os resultados mostraram que ISOQ se encaixa no modelo de três compartimentos. Os valores de AUC aumentaram proporcionalmente na faixa de 5-10 mg·kg-1. Além disso, a meia-vida, b meia-vida, ªCL, MRT0-t and MRT0→∞ de ISOQ em ratos mostraram diferenças significativas entre 20 mg·kg-1 e outras doses, o que significa que ISOQ apresenta farmacocinética dose-dependente no intervalo de 5-10 mg·kg-1 e farmacocinética não linear em doses mais elevadas.

The aim of this study is to develop a simple and specific HPLC method using vitexin as the internal standard to investigate the pharmacokinetics of isoquercitrin (ISOQ) after three different doses administrated intravenously to rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by both compartmental and non-compartmental approaches. The results showed that ISOQ fitted a three-compartment open model. The values of AUC increased proportionally within the range of 5-10 mg·kg-1. Moreover, a half-life, b half-life, ªCL, MRT0-t and MRT0→∞ of ISOQ in rats showed significant differences between 20 mg·kg-1 and other doses, indicating that ISOQ presented dose-dependent pharmacokinetics in the range of 5-10 mg·kg-1 and non-linear pharmacokinetics at higher doses.