ABSTRACT Bacchanalian verse and songwriting refer to poems written in the form of Mathnawi and is in a transcendental context, and talks about wine and drinks. The celebration of the Timurid kings by the Sufi elders made the 9th century, one of the most favorable times for Sufism to flourish; so Sufism becomes religion in this covenant; Ibn Hessam also had a mystical look at the religious system of the Middle East. The Safavid kings encouraged poets to sing religious epics. Bazil and Raji were deceased mystics of the Old Testament, sang the Haidari attack. With the formation of Sufism, special terms appeared in the field of mysticism, which had a special meaning within this institution. Among the three epic poets, Bazil demands wine from the world of meaning that with a drop of it, he will regain his life. He takes the language from the epic to the lyric. His tone uses words of intimacy and verbs to create greater intimacy with regard to their vocabulary and how they are used. Ibn Hussam considers wine as eternal and vital as Khadr, and like the Khadr water, the poet's wine is also full of love and world. In exaggeration, he takes the simile elements more than natural phenomena and uses a sad tone in expressing mourning alongside the epic style.

RESUMEN El verso bacanal y la composición de canciones se refieren a poemas escritos en forma de Mathnawi y se encuentran en un contexto trascendental y hablan sobre vino y bebidas. La celebración de los reyes timúridos por parte de los ancianos sufíes hizo del siglo IX, uno de los momentos más favorables para el florecimiento del sufismo; entonces el sufismo se convierte en religión en este pacto; Ibn Hessam también tuvo una mirada mística en el sistema religioso de Oriente Medio. Los reyes safávida alentaron a los poetas a cantar epopeyas religiosas. Bazil y Raji eran místicos fallecidos del Antiguo Testamento, cantaron el ataque Haidari. Con la formación del sufismo, aparecieron términos especiales en el campo del misticismo, que tenía un significado especial dentro de esta institución. Entre los tres poetas épicos, Bazil exige vino del mundo que significa que con una gota de él, recuperará su vida. Lleva el lenguaje de lo épico a lo lírico. Su tono usa palabras de intimidad y verbos para crear una mayor intimidad con respecto a su vocabulario y cómo se usan. Ibn Hussam considera el vino tan eterno y vital como Khadr, y como el agua de Khadr, el vino del poeta también está lleno de amor y mundo. Exagerando, toma los elementos similares más que los fenómenos naturales y usa un tono triste para expresar el duelo junto con el estilo épico.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the success of ultrasonography directed renal access in entering the target calyx from proper entry site and in the direction of renal pelvis during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods: PCNL cases who were operated on by one fellow from May-June 2014 were included in this study. A vertically placed ultrasound probe on the patient flank in prone position was used to identify the preselected target calyx. Needle was advanced through needle holder and fluoroscopy was used to document the entered calyx, site and angle of entry. Results: Successful entering to the target calyx was achieved in 43 cases (91%). Successful entry with appropriate entry site and angle was observed in 34 cases (72%). Reasons for failure were minimal hydronephrosis, upper pole access and high lying kidneys. Conclusions: Although it is feasible to access a preselected calyx by ultrasonography guidance during PCNL, but entry to the calyx from the appropriate site and direction is another problem and needs more experience. In cases of minimal hydronephrosis, superior pole access or high lying kidneys, ultrasonography is less successful and should be used with care.

Abstract Central composite rotatable design (CCRD) and artificial neural networks (ANN) have been applied to optimize the performance of nanofluid systems. In this regard, the performance was evaluated by measuring the stability and thermal conductivity ratio based on the critical independent variables such as temperature, particle volume fraction and the pH of the solution. A total of 20 experiments were accomplished for the construction of second-order polynomial equations for both target outputs. All the influential factors, their mutual effects and their quadratic terms were statistically validated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). According to the results, the predicted values were in reasonable agreement with the experimental data as more than 96% and 95% of the variation could be predicted by the respective models for zeta potential and thermal conductivity ratio. Also, ANN proved to be a very promising method in comparison with CCD for the purpose of process simulation due to the complexity involved in generalization of the nanofluid system.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible interactions among Angiotensin-I converting enzyme genotype, insertion/deletion polymorphism and atherosclerosis of vein grafts in Iranian patients, and characterize their clinical and demographic profile. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery more than five years ago, were included for angiographic analysis. Atherosclerosis was determined by quantitative angiography and adjusted Gensini score. The gene angiotensin converting enzyme I/D polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: A total of 102 patients participated in this study. Eighty-four patients were male. The frequency distribution of DD, ID and II polymorphism were 23.6%, 62.7% and 13.7% respectively. There were no differences among genotypic groups in age, sex, number of risk factors, number of vein grafts and months since bypass surgery. According to adjusted Gensini score [0.18±0.12 (II) vs. 0.11±0.09 (ID) and 0.1±0.09 (DD) P=0.021] the II genotype was associated with severity of vein graft atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION: Although there are conflicting results about gene angiotensin converting enzyme I/D polymorphism and the degree of venous bypass graft degeneration, this study suggests an association between ACE genotype II and atherosclerosis of saphenous vein grafts, however, large samples considering clinical, demographic and ethnic profile are necessary to confirm these results.

The purpose of this study is to develop a model to arrive at a joint optimising strategy for capital budgeting for the construction of new school buildings and for the renovation of existing schools. This model provides a practical tool for ranking construction projects so as to yield the maximum positive impact on the education system. A key aspect of the model is that it provides the optimal mix of renovation and new construction that should be undertaken under a fixed budget constraint. The model is applied to a sample dataset from the education sector of Limpopo province, South Africa, in order to quantify the benefits of using the model. The benefits from using this model for decision making on the evaluation of new and renovation investments in school infrastructure is estimated to increase the effectiveness of these investments by up to 300 percent over the counterfactual system for making these decisions.

Estudos foram realizados para estimar os parâmetros e as relações ligados a subprocessos em bancos de sementes de canola no solo, em Gorgan, Iran. Após um mês de enterrio, a viabilidade das sementes diminuiu para 39%, com inclinação de 2,03% ao dia; posteriormente, diminuiu com menor inclinação: de 0,01 até 365 dias após o enterrio no solo. A germinação manteve-se em seu maior valor no outono e inverno, reduzindo da primavera ao último mês do verão. Sementes de canola não dormentes não germinaram em temperaturas abaixo de 3,8 °C e potencial hídrico abaixo de -1,4 Mpaºd. Os valores hidrotermais foram de 36,2 e 42,9 Mpaºd para temperaturas sub e supraótima, respectivamente. A quantificação da emergência das sementes sob influência da profundidade de enterrio foi delineada de forma satisfatória (R²= 0,98 e RMSE = 5,03). Os parâmetros e as relações estimadas neste estudo podem ser utilizados em modelagens do banco de sementes do solo ou para estabelecer um novo modelo para o meio ambiente.

Studies were conducted to estimate parameters and relationships associated with sub-processes in soil seed banks of oilseed rape in Gorgan, Iran. After one month of burial, seed viability decreased to 39%, with a slope of 2.03% per day, and subsequently decreased with a lower slope of 0.01 until 365 days following burial in the soil. Germinability remained at its highest value in autumn and winter and decreased from spring to the last month of summer. Non-dormant seeds of volunteer oilseed rape did not germinate at temperatures lower than 3.8 ºC and a water potential of -1.4 MPa ºd. The hydrothermal values were 36.2 and 42.9 MPa ºd for sub- and supra-optimal temperatures, respectively. Quantification of seed emergence as influenced by burial depth was performed satisfactorily (R² = 0.98 and RMSE = 5.03). The parameters and relationships estimated here can be used for modelling soil seed bank dynamics or establishing a new model for the environment.

Voluntários de canola (Brassica napus)e Sinapis arvensis são conhecidas como plantas daninhas na produção agrícola. A informação quantitativa sobre a produção de sementes de ervas daninhas por estas é limitada. A informação é necessária para a dinâmica do modelo de bancos de sementes do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a produção de sementes em função do tamanho destas plantas daninhas. Uma grande variedade de tamanho das plantas foi produzido usando-se um sistema de semeadura em leque, realizado em duas épocas de semeadura (ambientes). O tamanho da planta variou entre 3 e 167 g por planta para a canola e entre 6 e 104 g por planta para S. arvensis. A produção de sementes variou entre 543 e 14.773 sementes por planta de canola e entre 264 e 10.336 de sementes por planta para S.arvensis. Houve uma estreita relação entre a produção de sementes por planta e o tamanho da planta que foi bem descrita por uma função potência (y = 130,6x0.94; R² = 0,93 para a canola e y = 28x1.27; R² = 0,95 para S. arvensis). Houve também algumas fortes relações entre o número de vagens produzidas em plantas individuais e a quantidade de sementes produzidas (g por planta) com o tamanho da planta. Relações encontradas neste estudo podem ser usadas em modelos dinâmicos do banco de sementes de canola voluntária e S. arvensis.

Volunteer canola (Brassica napus) and Sinapis arvensis are well identified weeds of different cropping systems. Quantitative information on regarding seed production by them is limited. Such information is necessary to model dynamics of soil seed banks. The aim of this work was to quantify seed production as a function of the size of those weeds. A wide range of plant size was produced by using a fan seeding system performed at two sowing dates (environments). Plant size varied from 3 to 167 g per plant for canola and from 6 to 104 g per plant for S. arvensis. Seed production ranged from 543 to14,773 seeds per plant for canola, and from 264 to 10,336 seeds per plant for S. arvensis. There was a close relationship between seed production per plant and plant size which was well-described by a power function (y = 130.6x0.94; R² = 0.93 for canola and y = 28x1.27; R² = 0.95 for S. arvensis). There was also strong relationships among the number of pods produced in individual plants and the quantity of seeds produced (g per plant) with the size of the plant. The relationships found in this study can be used in dynamic seed bank models of volunteer canola and S. arvensis.

Heat transfer of a silver/water nanofluid in a two-phase closed thermosyphon that is thermally enhanced by magnetic field has been predicted by an optimized artificial Neural Network. Artificial neural network is a technique with flexible mathematical structure that is capable of identifying complex non-linear relationships between input and output data. A multi-layer perception neural network was used to estimate the thermal efficiency and resistance of a thermosyphon during application of a magnetic field and using nanoparticles in the water as the working fluid. The magnetic field strength, volume fraction of nanofluid in water and inlet power were used as input parameters and the thermal efficiency and thermal resistance were used as output parameters. The results were compared with experimental data and it was found that the thermal efficiency and resistance estimated by the multi-layer perception neural network are accurate. The GA-ANN (Genetic Algorithm-Artificial Neural network) predicts the thermosyphon behavior correctly within the given range of the training data. In this study, a new approach for the auto-design of neural networks, based on a genetic algorithm, has been used to predict collection output of a closed thermosyphon.

The maximum volume of liquid bridge left between two vertically mounted spherical particles has been theoretically determined and experimentally measured. As the gravitational effect has not been neglected in the theoretical model, the liquid interface profile is nonsymmetrical around the X-axis. Symmetry in the interface profile only occurs when either the particle size ratio or the gravitational force becomes zero. In this paper, some equations are derived as a function of the spheres' sizes, gap width, liquid density, surface tension and body force (gravity/centrifugal) to estimate the maximum amount of liquid that can be held between the two solid spheres. Then a comparison is made between the result based on these equations and several experimental results.

The kidney has an inherent ability for recovery and regeneration following acute damage. However, there has been much contention as to the source of regenerating renal cells. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize these cells. Normal rat kidneys were minced and cells were isolated with collagenase I and were cultured in an expansion medium. Adherent cells were isolated and expanded for more than 120 days in vitro. These cells had the potential of translineage differentiation into neural cells, adipocytes and osteocytes. These cells also expressed Nucleostemin, Cyclin D1, Notch1 and Survivin which are commonly expressed in stem cells. The results of the current work show that the adult kidney contains a population of multipotent stem cells.