RESUMO OBJETIVO RNAs longos não-codificantes (INcRNAs) são frequentemente expressos anormalmente em tumores e estão envolvidos na ocorrência e progressão do câncer humano. Recentemente, um INcRNA relacionado com a doença, o TMPO antisense RNA 1 (TMPO-AS1), foi identificado como desregulado em vários tumores. Por isso, procuramos demonstrar se o TMPO-AS1 poderia ser um marcador de prognóstico promissor para pacientes com carcinoma de células escamosas da laringe (LSCC). MÉTODOS RT-PCR foi realizado para medir as expressões do TMPO-AS1 em 187 espécimes de LSCC em comparação com espécimes normais correspondentes. Foram utilizados testes Qui-quadrado para determinar as associações entre as expressões do TMPO-AS1 e as características clínicas dos pacientes com LSCC. Em seguida, o desfecho clínico dos pacientes com LSCC que tinham uma expressão do TMPO-AS1 inferior ou superior foi analisado com ensaios Kaplan-Meier. Por último, o modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox foi utilizado para avaliar o valor prognóstico do TMPO-AS1 e outras características clínicas. RESULTADOS Observamos que o TMPO-AS1 estava claramente super-regulado nos tecidos de LSCC humanos em comparação com os espécimes normais correspondentes (p<0,01). Expressões mais elevadas de TMPO-AS1 estavam positivamente associadas ao estágio clínico (p=0,020) e à metástase linfática (p=0,027). Um estudo clínico com 187 pacientes revelou que aqueles com expressões mais baixas de TMPO-AS1 tiveram uma sobrevida pior do que aqueles com expressões elevadas de TMPO-AS1 (p=0,0012). Além disso, o resultado de ensaios multivariados demonstrou que a expressão do TMPO-AS1 é um preditor independente para a sobrevida global de pacientes com LSCC. CONCLUSÕES TMPO-AS1 pode ser considerado uma molécula nova envolvida na progressão do LSCC, o que proporciona um possível biomarcador de prognóstico.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) are frequently abnormally expressed in tumors and involved in the occurrence and progression of human cancer. Recently, a disease-related lncRNA, TMPO antisense RNA 1 (TMPO-AS1), was identified to be dysregulated in several tumors. Hence, we aimed to demonstrate whether TMPO-AS1 could be a promising prognostic marker for patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). METHODS RT-PCR was performed to test TMPO-AS1 expressions in 187 LSCC specimens compared with matched normal specimens. Chi-squared tests were used to determine the associations between TMPO-AS1 expressions and the clinicopathological characteristics of LSCC patients. Then, the clinical outcome of LSCC patients who had lower or higher TMPO-AS1 expression was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier assays. Finally, a Cox proportional hazards model was carried out to evaluate the prognostic values of TMPO-AS1 and other clinical features. RESULTS We found that TMPO-AS1 was distinctly upregulated in human LSCC tissues compared with corresponding normal specimens (p < 0.01). Higher expressions of TMPO-AS1 were observed to be positively associated with the clinical stage (p = 0.020) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.027). A clinical study in 187 patients revealed that patients with TMPO-AS1 low expressions had poorer survival than those with TMPO-AS1 high expressions (p = 0.0012). In addition, the result of multivariate assays demonstrated TMPO-AS1 expression is an independent predictor for the overall survival of LSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS TMPO-AS1 might be considered a novel molecule involved in LSCC progression, which provides a possible prognostic biomarker.

Abstract Toona sinensis (Juss.) M.Roem, Meliaceae, a deciduous plant native to eastern and southeastern Asia, is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. This paper was aimed to summarize the current advances in traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. sinensis. In this review, various types of data of T. sinensis are discussed in the corresponding parts of this paper, and perspectives for possible future studies of this plant are discussed. The main constituents of T. sinensis are terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids, etc., and its pharmacological activities include anti-tumor effects, antioxidant activities, anti-diabetic effects and anti-inflammatory effects. Although a series of phytochemical and pharmacological researches of this plant have been conducted, the active constituents and action mechanism of these activities should be also further explored. Furthermore, the present review also indicates that T. sinensis has potentials to develop into drugs for treating various diseases with high efficacy and low toxicity, particularly in cancer, diabetes and inflammatory disorders. In conclusion, the paper provides a full-scale profile of the traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. sinensis, and also provides potential therapeutic uses and drug development prospects of this plant.