Abstract This study aimed to identify the best shade level for the growth of Schizolobium parabyba var. amazonicum and Eucalyptus urograndis seedlings to obtain more resilient seedlings with higher quality. We used an entirely randomized design was used, in a 2 x 4-factor scheme, with two species and four levels of shading, comprising 5 repetitions and 6 plants per repetition, totaling 30 plants per treatment. The four shading levels were characterized as follows: T1 (full sun), T2 (50%-shading screen), T3 (plastic), T4 (50%-shading screen plus wool blanket). For the production of Eucalyptus urograndis seedlings, it is recommended an unshaded environment, since one variable showed a significant difference. For the Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum species, it is suggested to produce it under shade, where is was achived (50% together with the wool blanket), better results for the most variables.

RESUMO Globalmente, o carcinoma colorretal é a terceira principal causa de morte por neoplasia entre homens e a segunda entre mulheres, correspondendo a 10% de todas as neoplasias. O Ministério da Saúde Brasileiro e o Instituto Nacional do Câncer recomendam a triagem do câncer colorretal para indivíduos acima de 50 anos, utilizando a Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto nas fezes. A endoscopia é reservada para aqueles com Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto nas fezes positiva. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a incidência de lesões malignas/pré-malignas diagnósticas na colonoscopia e correlacionar com os resultados prévios da Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto e verificar a eficácia da Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto para predizer uma lesão colorretal maligna. Realizamos um estudo transversal em pacientes que apresentavam resultados positivos ou negativos de Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto nas fezes e foram submetidos à colonoscopia, na mesma instituição, entre março de 2016 e julho de 2017. Dos 92 participantes; 52 (56,5%) eram do sexo feminino, a Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto nas fezes foi positiva em 42,4%; e em 41 (44,6%) a colonoscopia mostrou alterações. Em 20 pacientes (21,7%) havia pólipos; 15 (16,3%) eram neoplásicos e 5 (5,4%) não neoplásicos. A sensibilidade da Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto nas fezes para detecção de pólipos neoplásicos foi 66,7%; a especificidade 62,3%; o valor preditivo positivo 11% e o valor preditivo negativo 94,2%. Considerando a necessidade de um método de triagem, a Pesquisa de Sangue Oculto nas fezes mostrou ser um exame de triagem eficaz e confiável para ser aplicado em programas de saúde pública com o objetivo de detectar e prevenir o carcinoma colorretal.

ABSTRACT Globally, colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death among men and the second among women, corresponding to about 10% of all cancers. The Brazilian Ministry of Health and National Cancer Institute recommend the screening of colorectal cancer for people over 50 years-old with Fecal Occult Blood Test. Endoscopy is limited to patients with positive screening results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of malignant or premalignant lesions diagnosed by endoscopy in patients with positive or negative Fecal Occult Blood Test and assess the efficacy of Fecal Occult Blood Test to predict the finding of a malignant colorectal lesion. We carried out a cross-sectional study among patients with a Fecal Occult Blood Test result that were submitted to colonoscopy, in the same hospital, from March 2016 to July 2017. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of Fecal Occult Blood Test compared to colonoscopy neoplastic findings was calculated. The total of 92 patients were enrolled, 52 (56.5%) were female, Fecal Occult Blood Test was positive in 42.4% of them and in 41 (44.6%) the colonoscopy showed abnormal findings. Polyps were the most frequent alteration, found in 20 patients (21.7%). Among the patients with polyps, 15 (16.3%) had neoplastic and 5 (5.4%) presented non-neoplastic polyps. The Fecal Occult Blood Test sensitivity for detection of neoplastic polyps was 66.7%, specificity 62.3%, positive predictive value 11% and negative predictive value was 94.2%. Considering the need for a screening method, Fecal Occult Blood Test showed to be an effective and reliable screening test that can be applied in public health programs to detect and prevent colorectal cancer.

RESUMO O objetivo desse relato é analisar um caso incomum de doença de Crohn, cujo diagnóstico diferencial, com possível infecção por Yersinia enterocilítica, foi dificultado pela presença de alterações histológicas das duas doenças. Descrevemos como foi realizada a exclusão de causas infecciosas e as implicações no acompanhamento do paciente.

ABSTRACT The aim of this report is to present an unusual case of Crohn's disease affecting the terminal ileum; whose principal differential diagnosis was Yersinia enterolocolitica infection, as the histological features of the resected ileum was common to both diseases. We also describe how the infectious etiology was discarded and the implications for the patient follow-up.

Contexto O desenvolvimento de neoplasias se constitui em preocupação constante em pacientes com doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), especialmente o câncer colorretal (CCR). Objetivos Determinar a incidência de neoplasias intestinais e extra-intestinais entre pacientes com DII. Métodos Foram obtidas informações de 1607 pacientes, quanto a dados demográficos, duração e extensão da doença, relação temporal entre diagnóstico das DII e neoplasia, evolução clínica e fatores de risco para neoplasia. Resultados Doença de Crohn (DC) foi mais frequente entre as mulheres (P = 0.0018). A incidência de neoplasia foi maior nos doentes com retocolite ulcerativa (RCU) em relação aos com DC (P = 0.0003). Oito (0.99%) pacientes desenvolveram neoplasia entre 804 com DC: quatro tumores colorretais, dois linfomas, um carcinóide de apêndice e um câncer de mama. Trinta (3.7%) pacientes desenvolveram neoplasia entre os 803 RCU: 13 CCR, 2 linfomas e 15 tumores extra-intestinais. Enquanto a incidência de CCR não diferiu entre RCU e DC (1.7% vs 0.5%; P = 0.2953), a incidência de neoplasias extraintestinais foi maior na RCU (2.1% vs 0.5%, P = 0.0009). Dez (26.3%) pacientes de um total de 38 com neoplasia, evoluíram a óbito durante o seguimento. Conclusões A incidência de CCR foi baixa e similar em ambas as doenças inflamatórias. Observou-se incidência maior de neoplasia extra-intestinal na RCU quando comparada à DC. Neoplasias em doenças inflamatórias se desenvolveram em idade mais precoce do que a esperada para a população geral. A mortalidade associada a neoplasias é significativa, afetando 1/4 dos pacientes.

Context The development of neoplasia is an important concern associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially colorectal cancer (CRC). Objectives Our aim was to determine the incidence of intestinal and extraintestinal neoplasias among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods There were retrieved information from 1607 patients regarding demographics, disease duration and extent, temporal relationship between IBD diagnosis and neoplasia, clinical outcomes and risk factors for neoplasia. Results Crohn's disease (CD) was more frequent among women (P = 0.0018). The incidence of neoplasia was higher in ulcerative colitis (UC) when compared to CD (P = 0.0003). Eight (0.99%) patients developed neoplasia among 804 with CD: 4 colorectal cancer, 2 lymphomas, 1 appendix carcinoid and 1 breast cancer. Thirty (3.7%) patients developed neoplasia among the 803 UC: 13 CRC, 2 lymphomas and 15 extraintestinal tumors. While CRC incidence was not different among UC and CD (1.7% vs 0.5%; P = 0.2953), the incidence of extraintestinal neoplasias was higher among UC (2.1% vs 0.5%, P = 0.0009). Ten (26.3%) patients out of 38 with neoplasia died. Conclusions CRC incidence was low and similar in both diseases. There was a higher incidence of extraintestinal neoplasia in UC when compared to CD. Neoplasias in IBD developed at a younger age than expected for the general population. Mortality associated with malignancy is significant, affecting 1/4 of the patients with neoplasia.

O objetivo deste estudo foi rever a experiência do serviço de coloproctologia do HSPM-SP no tratamento cirúrgico da doença hemorroidária. Estudou-se retrospectivamente 253 pacientes portadores de hemorroidas submetidos à cirurgia no período de 10/05/2004 a 31/12/2007. Foram estabelecidos dois grupos: Grupo 1) Pacientes operados pela técnica convencional (212); Grupo 2) Pacientes operados pelo PPH (41). Estudou-se, pela revisão de prontuários, as características epidemiológicas, indicações, resultados e complicações de cada grupo. Entre os 253 pacientes analisados, 170 eram mulheres, com média de idade de 50 anos. O tempo operatório médio foi de 52 minutos para o grupo 1, e 31 minutos para o grupo 2 (p=0,0001). O tempo médio de alta ambulatorial foi de 10 e 6 semanas para o grupo 1 e 2, respectivamente (p=0,021). As complicações totalizaram 28 casos no grupo 1, e 3 casos no grupo 2 (p>0,05). Cerca de 13 casos no grupo 1, e 1 caso no grupo 2 necessitaram de reintervenção cirúrgica. Neste serviço a técnica mais utilizada foi a hemorroidectomia convencional. O método do PPH apresentou tempo operatório mais curto, e recuperação pós-operatória mais breve. Houve uma maior tendência a complicações tardias e recidivas com o grupo de hemorroidectomia convencional, porém sem significância estatística.

The aim of this study was to review the experience of the Coloproctology Department of HSPM-SP in the treatment of hemorrhoids. We have retrospectively studied 253 patients submitted to the surgical treatment of hemorrhoids between 05/10/ 2004 and 12/31/2007. Patients were distributed in groups: Group 1) Conventional Hemorrhoidectomy (212); Group 2) Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy (41). Epidemiology, indications, results and complications were studied based on registers. From 253 patients studied, 170 were women, with a mean age of 50 years. Mean operating time was 52 minutes (25 -120) in group 1 and 31 minutes (20 - 65) in group 2 (p=0.0001). Mean time for ambulatory discharge was 10 and 6 weeks for groups 1 and 2 respectively (p=0.021). The overall complications totalized 28 cases in group 1 and 3 cases in group 2 (p>0,05). In consequence of these complications, 13 cases in group 1, and 1 case in group 2 were submitted to a new surgical procedure. At this Department the most used technique was conventional hemorrhoidectomy. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy was associated with less operating time and a faster functional recovery (early ambulatory discharge). Hemorrhoidectomy was associated with more complications and recurrence, but without statistical significance.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, by means of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), the quality of life of ulcerative colitis patients submitted to proctocolectomy with sphincter preservation using J-pouch reconstruction over ten years ago. METHODS: The study consisted of 36 patients interviewed using the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire. The score scale, resulting from the addition of each answer, ranged from 32 to 224, where the highest score indicates the best quality of life. The chi square test was used to verify the existence of meaningful differences between the results of the questionnaire and age, and gender proportion. For each section, as well as for all of them combined, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify if there were differences in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire scores among the groups in relation to the proportions. RESULTS: After applying the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, it was determined that quality of life was considered excellent for 9 (25%), good for 11 (30.6%), regular for 13 (36.1%), and bad for 3 (8.3%) patients. In our study, we determined that 85% of the patients were pleased with and thankful for the surgery that they underwent. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that the possibility of sphincter preservation should always be taken into account, since patients remain clinically stable and have a high quality of life even after long periods.

INTRODUÇÃO: Existe uma grande prevalência de manifestações extra-intestinais(MEI) em portadores de doença de Crohn(DC) e de retocolite ulcerativa(RCU), variando de 24 a 65%. OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de MEI em RCU e DC, correlacionando com diagnóstico do tipo de doença inflamatória intestinal, extensão, tempo de evolução e atividade da doença. MÉTODOS: Mil pacientes foram avaliados no Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP no período de 1984 a 2004. Foram estudadas manifestações articulares, dermatológicas, oftalmológicas, urológicas, hepáticas, pulmonares e vasculares. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 468 pacientes com DC(46,8%) e 532 com RCU(53,2%). Encontrados 627 pacientes (59,2% com RCU e 66,7% com DC) com pelo menos uma forma de MEI. A média de tempo de doença dos pacientes com MEI foi de 10 anos. As MEI foram mais freqüentes após o início dos sintomas intestinais. CONCLUSÕES: Tanto na RCU quanto na DC,quanto maior a extensão da doença no cólon, maior a incidência de MEI. As manifestações urológicas foram mais freqüentes na DC. As manifestações articulares e dermatológicas foram mais prevalentes no sexo feminino nos dois grupos. Manifestações hepáticas foram mais prevalentes na DC. As manifestações articulares, dermatológicas e vasculares tiveram correlação com a atividade da doença intestinal em ambos os grupos.

INTRODUCTION: There is great prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM) in Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative rectocolitis (UR), varying from 24 to 65%. AIM: To determine the prevalence of EIM in UR and CD, establishing a correlation with the diagnosis of the kind of intestinal inflammatory disease, extension, evolution time and disease activity. METHODS: One thousand patients were evaluated at the Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP, along the 1984 to 2004 period. Articular, dermatological, ophthalmologic, urologic, hepatic, pulmonary and vascular manifestations were studied. RESULTS: 468 patients were studied with CD (46.8%) were studied and 532 with UR (53.2%). 627 patients found (59.2% with UR and 66.7% with CD) with at least one form of EIM. The average disease time of the EIM patients was of 10 years. EIM were more frequent after the beginning of the intestinal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Both in UR as in CD, the greater the extension of the disease in the colon, the greater is the EIM incidence. Urologic manifestations were more frequent in CD. Articular and dermatological manifestations were more prevalent in the feminine sex in both groups. Hepatic manifestations were more prevalent in CD. Articular, dermatological and vascular manifestations were related with the activity of the intestinal disease in both groups.

OBJETIVO: Analisar os achados do exame de retossigmoidoscopia no rastreamento de câncer colorretal em pacientes assintomáticos acima de 50 anos. MÉTODOS: Análise prospectiva de 208 pacientes assintomáticos acima de 50 anos e sem história familiar para câncer colorretal, que realizaram retossigmoidoscopia para rastreamento desta neoplasia durante o período de Janeiro de 2005 a Maio de 2006. Dos pacientes analisados, 64,5% eram mulheres e a média de idade era de 60,24 anos (50-91 anos). RESULTADOS: Observamos que 4,8% dos pacientes (n=10) apresentaram pólipos que variavam de 3 a 20mm de tamanho. Todos os pólipos foram retirados e enviados para estudo anatomopatológico. Destes, 3,36% (n=7) foram hiperplásicos e 1,50% (n=3) eram adenomas, sendo dois adenoma tubular com atipias leves e um adenoma com atipias moderadas. Dos dez doentes que tinham pólipos ao exame, nove foram submetidos a videocolonoscopia e um abandonou o acompanhamento. Destes nove, sete pacientes apresentaram ausência de pólipos ao exame colonoscópico, e um apresentou dois pólipos adenomatosos em cólon direito. CONCLUSÕES: A retossigmoidoscopia é um exame acessível na maioria dos serviços que permite identificar pólipos potencialmente neoplásicos em pacientes assintomáticos.

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Analyze the findings of rigid retossigmoidoscopy in asymptomatic patients above 50 years old. METHOD: Prospective analysis of 208 asymptomatic patients above 50 years and without familiar history of colorectal cancer which were submitted to rigid retossigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer screening on a period of 14 months. RESULTS: 4.8% of the studied patients had polyps which size varied from 3mm to 20mm. All polyps were removed and submitted to pathological examination, where 3.36% (n=7) were hyperplastic polyps and 1.50%(n=3) were adenomas. The patients with polyps on sigmoidoscopic exam then were submitted to videocolonoscopic investigation; of these, seven patients had no other polyps on examination and one had two polyps on right colon. CONCLUSION: The rigid sigmoidoscopy is an accessible and safe tool for colorectal cancer screening, allowing identifying premalignant lesions in asymptomatic patients.