PdCl2 immobilized in polyacrylamide (PAM), named Pd/PAM, produced at an extremely low cost, was found to be an efficient catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Iodo- and bromoarenes may couple with phenylboronic acid under eco-friendly conditions (i.e., phosphine-free and with ethanol as the solvent) to give excellent product yields. Aryl chlorides, in contrast, were found to be unsuitable reagents in this context, yielding modest results. The recyclability of Pd/PAM is limited because of PdII leaching, which leaves only the base polymer on the surface after six runs. The Pd/PAM catalyst was initially prepared via the formation of a PAM hydrogel using an aqueous PdCl2 solution. After drying, the solid Pd/PAM was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES).

A costa do Estado de São Paulo (SP) (23º18'S, 44º42'O; 25º14'S, 48º01'O) apresenta aproximadamente 600 km de extensão voltada para o Oceano Atlântico Ocidental no sudeste do Brasil. Registros de encalhes e de avistamentos de cetáceos vêm sendo realizados ao longo desse litoral. Desde 1993, dados obtidos em literatura científica, material osteológico encontrado em museus, fotografias e artigos de arquivos de jornais, universidades e aquários foram organizados e atualizados. Investigações efetuadas em campo referentes a encalhes e avistamentos de cetáceos também foram conduzidas. Um total de 29 espécies de cetáceos foi registrado, incluindo 7 misticetos e 22 odontocetos, como indicados a seguir: Balaenoptera physalus, B. borealis, B. edeni, B. acutorostrata, B. bonaerensis, Megaptera novaeangliae, Eubalaena australis, Physeter macrocephalus, Kogia breviceps, K. sima, Berardius arnuxii, Mesoplodon europaeus, M. mirus, Ziphius cavirostris, Orcinus orca, Feresa attenuata, Globicephala melas, G. macrorhynchus, Pseudorca crassidens, Delphinus capensis, Lagenodelphis hosei, Steno bredanensis, Tursiops truncatus, Stenella frontalis, S. longirostris, S. coeruleoalba, Lissodelphis peronii, Sotalia guianensis e Pontoporia blainvillei. Algumas espécies foram observadas apenas em uma ocasião e incluem tanto vagantes de suas áreas comuns de distribuição, assim como de conhecidas áreas de distribuições preferenciais oceânicas. Outras, como P. blainvillei e S. guianensis, são comumente encontradas em águas rasas o ano todo. Z. cavirostris, P. crassidens e L. hosei são listados pela primeira vez para a costa de SP.

The São Paulo state (SP) coast (23º18'S, 44º42'W; 25º14'S, 48º01'W) is of approximately 600 km in length, bordering the Western Atlantic Ocean, in southeastern Brazil. Cetacean sightings and strandings have long been observed throughout this area. Scattered data from scientific publications, skeletal remains in museums, photographs and articles from newspaper files, universities and aquaria have been organised and updated since 1993. Field investigations on strandings and sightings have also been conducted. A total of 29 cetacean species have been recorded, including 7 baleen whales (Mysticeti) and 22 toothed whales (Odontoceti), as follows: Balaenoptera physalus, B. borealis, B. edeni, B. acutorostrata, B. bonaerensis, Megaptera novaeangliae, Eubalaena australis, Physeter macrocephalus, Kogia breviceps, K. sima, Berardius arnuxii, Mesoplodon europaeus, M. mirus, Ziphius cavirostris, Orcinus orca, Feresa attenuata, Globicephala melas, G. macrorhynchus, Pseudorca crassidens, Delphinus capensis, Lagenodelphis hosei, Steno bredanensis, Tursiops truncatus, Stenella frontalis, S. longirostris, S. coeruleoalba, Lissodelphis peronii, Sotalia guianensis and Pontoporia blainvillei. Several species have been observed only once and include strays from their areas of common distribution, as well as species with known preferences for offshore distribution. Others, such as P. blainvillei and S. guianensis, are common coastal dwellers year-round. Z. cavirostris, P. crassidens and L. hosei are reported for the first time on the SP coast.

Avaliamos as frequencia, características demográficas, clínicas e de associação genética dos alelos HLA DRB1*1501, DRB1*1503, DQA1*0102, DQB1*0602 e DPA1*0301 em pacientes com diagnóstico de encefalomielite aguda disseminada (ADEM) em população com doença desmielinizante do SNC. Quinze (8,4%) pacientes de nossa série foram diagnosticados como ADEM. A média de idade foi 35,23 anos (variando entre 12 e 77), 53,3% eram homens e o tempo de acompanhamento variou entre 8,5 e 16 anos. Dois casos (13,3%) apresentaram infecção prévia, um apresentou processo desmielinizante para infeccioso e outro havia se submetido a vacinação para hepatite B quatro semanas antes. O EDSS variou entre 3,0 e 9,5. Oito pacientes (53,3%) apresentaram grandes lesões na RM. O LCR foi normal em 73,3%. A incapacidade grave quantificada pelo EDSS foi seguida de melhora importante em 86,6% dos pacientes. A susceptibilidade genética na ADEM foi significativamente associada com os alelos HLA DQB1*0602, DRB1*1501 e DRB1*1503 (p<0,05) nos pacientes com quadro monofásico.

We evaluated the frequency, demographic, clinical, disability evolution and genetic association of HLA DRB1*1501, DRB1*1503, DQA1*0102, DQB1*0602 and DPA1*0301 alleles in patients diagnosed as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) among a population of CNS demyelinating diseases. Fifteen patients (8.4%) of our series were diagnosed as ADEM. The mean age onset was 35.23 years (range 12 to 77), 53.3% were male and follow-up range was 8.5 to 16 years. Two cases (13.3%) had a preceding infection before neurological symptoms, one presented a parainfectious demyelinating, and one case had been submitted to hepatitis B vaccination four weeks before the clinical onset. The EDSS range was 3.0 to 9.5. Eight patients (53.3%) presented MRI with multiple large lesions. CSF was normal in 73.3%. The severe disability observed at EDSS onset improved in 86.66% patients. The genetic susceptibility for ADEM was significantly associated with the HLA DQB1*0602, DRB1*1501 and DRB1*1503 alleles (<0.05) in monophasic ADEM.