Resumo Mudanças ambientais trazem desafios à governança dos recursos hídricos na Macrometrópole Paulista. Neste contexto, a governança adaptativa e a articulação dos atores em redes são estratégias para o enfrentamento deste tipo de situação. Este artigo analisa a governança da água no Vale do Paraíba frente aos desafios impostos pela crise hídrica 2013-2015. O objetivo é analisar a rede de atores, explorando caminhos para maior participação da sociedade civil em ações de adaptação socioecológica. O método utilizado foi o Social Network Analysis. A conclusão é que há um descompasso entre a sociedade civil e o Estado para negociar posições em comum. O trabalho identifica oportunidades de incremento nas conexões entre sociedade civil e academia e ampliação do engajamento e cooperação com foco na governança adaptativa da água.

Abstract Environmental changes bring challenges to the governance of water resources in the Paulista Macrometropolis. In this context, adaptive governance and the articulation of actors in networks are strategies for coping with this type of situation. This article analyzes water governance in the Paraíba Valley in light of the challenges posed by the 2013-2015 water crisis. Objective is to analyze the network of actors, exploring ways for greater participation of civil society in socioecological adaptation actions. The method used was Social Network Analysis. The conclusion is that there is a mismatch between civil society and the state to negotiate positions. The paper identifies opportunities for enhancing connections between civil society and academia and broadening engagement and cooperation with a focus on adaptive water governance.

Resumen Los cambios ambientales traen desafíos a la gobernanza de los recursos hídricos en la Macrometrópolis Paulista. En este contexto, la gobernanza adaptativa y la articulación de actores en redes son estrategias para hacer frente a este tipo de situación. Este artículo analiza la gobernabilidad del agua en el valle de Paraíba a la luz de los desafíos planteados por la crisis del agua 2013-2015. El objetivo es analizar la red de actores, explorando formas para una mayor participación de la sociedad civil en las acciones de adaptación socioecológica. El método utilizado fue el análisis de redes sociales. La conclusión es que existe un desajuste entre la sociedad civil y el estado para negociar las posiciones. El documento identifica oportunidades para mejorar las conexiones entre la sociedad civil y el mundo académico y ampliar el compromiso y la cooperación con un enfoque en la gobernabilidad adaptativa del agua.

This study aimed to determine cadmium in low-cost jewelry from China. In the qualitative test the sulfide was used as precipitating agent. Due to the strong interference of copper in qualitative analysis, this element was removed by chemical reaction or electrolysis. This removal was of paramount importance for the qualitative analysis of Cd2+. Quantification of Cd2+ was performed by means of atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentration of Cd was ~ 30% (w/w) in one of the pieces. It is noteworthy that in a small universe of low-cost jewelry analyzed (four samples), such a high cadmium content found in one of them leads us to think that jewelry containing Cd are widespread among citizens. This work can be useful to approach the case study method for teaching Analytical Chemistry at the undergraduate level.

ABSTRACT Rhizophora mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae) grows on aerial roots, which emerge above the water level, giving stands of this tree the characteristic “mangrove” appearance. To produce in situ and ex situ information for genetic conservation programs for this species, we investigated the genetic diversity and mating system of one R. mangle population. We sampled 30 adult trees and a total of 349 seeds in Northern Brazil. We genotyped all adult trees and seeds with four microsatellite loci. The average fixation index was -0.222 for adult trees and 0.030 for seeds. The multilocus outcrossing rate (t m =0.921) was significantly lower than unity (1.0). There was no substantial evidence of null alleles nor genotypic disequilibrium among the loci. The combined power to exclude the first parent probability was 0.921. The average coancestry coefficient (=0.180) was similar to that expected for half-sib progenies (=0.125). Thus, the number of adult trees necessary for seed collection to obtain progeny arrays with an effective size of 150 was estimated to be 62. In conclusion, this study produced important information for the management and conservation of R. mangle and will contribute to conservation and management programs for this species.