RESUMO Objetivo: derivar dados normativos preliminares de uma amostra da região Nordeste do Brasil para as habilidades iniciais de leitura e escrita em crianças de 5 anos. Também investigar o efeito do tipo de escola (publica x particular), do momento da avaliação (início x final do ano letivo) e se existem diferenças de desempenho significantes em relação às crianças do Sudeste. Métodos: avaliou-se 389 crianças de 5 anos de idade de 17 escolas privadas e 12 públicas no início e no final do ano letivo utilizando o Teste de Leitura e Escrita. Cada criança foi avaliada individualmente em dois momentos. Foram aplicados os testes estatísticos pertinentes adotando-se o nível de significância menor que 0,05. Resultados: o progresso no desempenho das crianças das escolas particulares foi mais pronunciado que o de seus pares das escolas públicas, acentuando a diferença de aprendizagem existente. A comparação com dados normativos da amostra do Sudeste mostrou que as escolas públicas do Nordeste obtiveram melhores resultados em todas as comparações. As escolas particulares do Sudeste tiveram maior desempenho que as do Nordeste na comparação com desempenho no início de ano, mas não na comparação com desempenho no final do ano. Conclusão: as diferenças de desempenho identificadas nas amostras sugerem a necessidade de se dispor de referenciais específicos por região geográfica e por tipo de escola (pública ou privada). Os dados aqui disponibilizados são preliminares e poderão ser ampliados em estudos futuros.

ABSTRACT Purpose: the study aims to obtain preliminary normative data for early reading and writing skills of 5-year-old children in a sample from the Northeast of Brazil. It also aims to investigate the effects of the type of school (public vs. private) and the time of assessment (beginning vs. end of the school year), and whether there were significant differences in performance, as compared to those of children from the Southeast of Brazil. Methods: 389 5-year-old children from 17 private and 12 public schools were assessed in the beginning and at the end of the school year, by using the Reading and Writing Test. Each student was individually assessed in the two times of the year. Appropriate statistical tests were applied, adopting a significance level lower than 0.05. Results: the progress in the performance of private school children was stronger than that of their peers from public schools, accentuating the existing learning gap. The comparison with normative data from the Southeast revealed that the public schools in the Northeast outperformed those in all topics of comparison. Private schools in the Southeast had a better performance at the beginning of the year, but were outperformed by those of the Northeast at the end of the year. Conclusion: the differences in performance identified in the samples suggest the need for specific norms by geographical regions of Brazil, and by type of school (public or private). The data presented in this study are preliminary and can be enlarged in future studies.

Abstract The research investigated the perception about cloud computing (CC) in public management environments. After, from the perspective of information technology (IT) people on those organizations, it has raised views on how IT in the cloud is seen as a solution for government-level service delivery. Then, managers of the top public management of two cities, sought aspects of feasibility, timeliness, necessity and actuality of the CC, for the provision of digital services. Listening revealed CN is known, although misunderstood and will only be effective when the process and community service dimensions are delineated by the municipal management (modeling and implementation). Nevertheless, it was realized that the technology will be absorbed by public information technology and will replace the traditional one-way service delivery, favoring the increase of computational intelligence distributed in social scale and the inclusive participation of the population in the management of cities.