Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Introduction: Blunt thoracic aortic injuries (BTAI) are defined as a tear in the thoracic aorta caused by a high energy blunt trauma. The most common reported mechanism of injury is motor vehicle accidents, and it can be potentially lethal. The Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) and the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) guidelines recommend thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) as the first line treatment for BTAI. Other controversies regarding BTAI management were reported in the literature, such as the best treatment for minimal aortic injuries with intimal tear, ideal stent graft oversizing, best timing for treatment and necessity to cover the left subclavian artery (LSA). The purpose of this review is to identify and analyze appropriate studies published so far about the management of BTAI. Methods: We performed a thorough electronic search of the literature using PubMed and Embase databases. We used the following combination of key words in our search strategy ((aortic injury) AND (blunt thoracic trauma)) AND (vascular surgery* OR treatment* OR TEVAR*). Articles not in English were excluded. The primary subject was results of endovascular treatment. Secondary subjects were indications and results of OSR, best timing for intervention, ideal graft oversizing, need for left subclavian artery (LSA) coverage, and management of BTAI grade I (intimal tear). Results: Data related to our primary and secondary subjects were extracted from the selected articles. TEVAR is considered the primary treatment for BTAI, if the patient has suitable anatomy, with good short and mid-term outcomes, with lower mortality and paraplegia rates at short and mid-term follow-up, compared to OSR. Despite good term results at short-term follow-up after TEVAR, long-term outcomes are still a concern. OSR is still a valid option in selected cases, and it should be considered for patients whose injury location is unsuitable for the endovascular approach. In most patients with BTAI, it is recommended around 10% of graft oversizing. However, a more aggressive approach with oversizing between 10-20% should be considered for patients with considerable hypotension and even >20% for patients presenting with severe hypotensive hemorrhagic shock. A necessity of LSA coverage has been reported in 30% of TEVAR for urgent treatment of BTAI, and it seems to be well tolerated. We should considered expectant approach with serial follow-up CT scans in patients with BTAI grade I injuries with asymptomatic intimal aortic tear. Conclusions: This literature review reports and synthetizes published data about the management strategies for BTAI. TEVAR seems to be effective in the treatment of BTAI, with few complications and good outcomes at short and mid-term follow-up, and it should be the first-line treatment for these patients. OSR should be an option when a patient’s injury is not suitable for endovascular approach.

https://doi.org/10.48750/acv479

Blunt traumatic injuries of thoracic aorta and supra-aortic trunks - a narrative review
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Baldaia, Leonor

; Antunes, Luís F.

; Silva, Miguel

; Silva, Eduardo

; Nunes, Celso

; Oliveira, Vânia C.

; Silva, Joana

; Fonseca, Manuel

Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular

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Jun 2023, Volume 19 Nº 2 Páginas 91 - 93

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.48750/acv479

Sex disparities in peripheral arterial occlusive disease
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Baldaia, Leonor

; Antunes, Luís F.

; Silva, Cândida G.

; Silva, Miguel

; Silva, Eduardo

; Nunes, Celso

; Constâncio, Vânia

; Fonseca, Manuel

Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular

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Mar 2023, Volume 19 Nº 1 Páginas 27 - 32

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: Recently published studies on peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) have revealed marked sex disparities in patient selection and treatment outcomes. In a recent retrospective study with data from 11 different countries, Portugal was highlighted as one of the countries with greater sex discrepancies related to PAOD treatment. We aimed to analyze sex specific differences in the treatment of symptomatic PAOD, concerning different variables, in a single hospital center, in Portugal. Methods: Data on treatment of symptomatic PAOD patients from October 1st, 2020, to December 31st, 2021, were retrospectively collected from clinical registries from a single hospital center in Portugal. Different variables and post-operative outcomes were analyzed dichotomized by sex, with descriptive statistics. Statistical analyses were conducted using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software v28. Results: A total of 220 patients, 15,9% female and 84,1% male, were treated for PAOD, in the selected period, in a hospital center from Portugal. Female patients were older (mean age of 73.8 years versus 69.5 years in male); were less likely to be treated for intermittent claudication (3% versus 6% of men); more often treated at a more advanced stage of the disease with trophic lesions (91% versus 74% of men); more likely to be offered primary major amputation (14% versus 3% of male patients); less likely to be taking statins as part of PAOD medical management (65.7% versus 77.8% of male); and had a higher 90-day mortality rate (17.1% versus 6.5% in men). They were also more frequently treated with endovascular procedures (40%) than with OSR (26%). Conclusion: Remarkable sex discrepancies in the treatment of PAOD were found in our hospital center. This study brings awareness to the scientific medical community for sex disparities in the management of patients with PAOD.

https://doi.org/10.48750/acv.486

Stable expression of shRNA for the control of recombinant adenovirus replication
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Lana, M.V.G.

; Antunes, F.

; Tessarollo, N.G.

; Strauss, B.E.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12682

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Preventing the replication of adenovirus could have practical uses, such as controlling infection with wild-type virus or in applications involving recombinant vectors. Mainly transient methods have been used to inhibit adenovirus replication, including siRNA or drugs. Here, we tested whether stable expression of shRNA designed to target hexon, Iva2, or pol can inhibit the replication of a recombinant adenoviral vector, Ad-LacZ (serotype 5, E1/E3 deleted), in 293T cells. Significant knockdown correlating with reduced Ad-LacZ replication was achieved only when hexon was targeted. Cell sorting and isolation of cellular clones further accentuated knockdown of the hexon transcript, reduced protein levels by more than 90%, and diminished adenovirus production. As visualized by transmission electron microscopy, the cellular clone expressing the hexon-specific shRNA yielded 89.2% fewer particles compared to the parental 293T cells. Full scale production followed by purification revealed a 90.2% reduction in Ad-LacZ biological titer. These results support the notion that stable expression of shRNA can be used as a means to control adenovirus replication.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12682

Antibacterial Profile in vitro and in vivo of New 1,4-Naphthoquinones Tethered to 1,2,3-1H-Triazoles Against the Planktonic Growth of Streptococcus mutans
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Gomes, Mônica P.

; Correia, Eduardo M.

; Gomes, Max W. L.

; Santos, Claudio C. C. dos

; Barros, Caroline S.

; Abreu, Fernanda V. de

; Antunes, Leonardo S.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Gonçalves, Mariana C.

; Resende, Gabriel O. de

; Gonzaga, Daniel T. G.

; Pinto, Carla E. C.

; Paixão, Izabel C. N. P.

; Silva, Fernando C. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2022, Volume 33 Nº 9 Páginas 1028 - 1040

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The cariogenic processes are mainly caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and consist of the demineralization of the tooth that occurs when the acid production overcomes the natural repair or if a problem occurs in the last one. In this work, we performed the synthesis of twenty-one 1,4-naphthoquinones tethered to 1,2,3-1H-triazoles (8a-8k and 9a-9j), antibacterial evaluation against the S. mutans in vitro and the acute toxicity of the better ones in vivo. We observed strong inhibition results in the disc diffusion test ranging, the halos of inhibitions, from 18.66 (± 0.57) to 29 (± 2.64) mm, and good values in the minimum inhibitory concentration (5 to 50 μg), for the compounds 9e, 9h, 9i and 9j: Furthermore, they do not have a cytotoxic effect at the concentrations tested. Besides that, in the in vivo test, they show some slight alteration in the histopathological analyses and the biochemistry. Thus, we found four potential candidates to become instruments for the treatment of cavities.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220014

Ecosystem functions in different physiognomies of Cerrado through the Rapid Ecosystem Function Assessment (REFA)
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ARAUJO, ADEMIR S.F.

; ROCHA, SANDRA M.B.

; ANTUNES, JADSON E.L.

; ARAUJO, FABIO F.

; MENDES, LUCAS W.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 1 elocation e20200457

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The assessment of ecosystem functions in Cerrado is important to implement practices of conservation. Recently, a ‘rapid ecosystem function assessment’ (REFA) for measuring ecosystem functions has been proposed and tested as a suitable method. Thus, this study aimed to assess the proxies of ecosystem functions of three physiognomies of Cerrado through REFA. This method was applied in three different preserved physiognomies of Cerrado from Northeastern, Brazil, namely: Campo Graminoide (CG), Cerrado Stricto Sensu (CSS), and Cerradão (CD). All proxies for the selected ecosystem functions differed between sites and seasons. The above- and belowground primary productivity and microbial biomass C were higher in CD than in CSS and CG. The above- and belowground secondary productivity and decomposition were higher and similar in CD and CSS as compared to CG. The principal component analysis explained 89.8% of the data variation and clustered the majority of ecosystem functions with CD, in both seasons and CSS in the wet season. The proxies of ecosystem functions measured through REFA showed differences between the physiognomies of Cerrado. Since each physiognomy of Cerrado presents different plant richness and diversity, and soil conditions, these characteristics contribute to influencing multiple ecosystem functions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200457

Educating diabetic patients through an SMS intervention: a randomized controlled trial at a Brazilian public hospital
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Aceti, Viviane Moura

; Santoro, Rodolpho Vianna

; Velarde, Luis Guillermo Coca

; Brandão, Diego Nunes

; Cruz Filho, Rubens Antunes da

; Taboada, Giselle F.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Dez 2021, Volume 65 Nº 6 Páginas 695 - 703

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has a high healthcare system cost worldwide. Educational strategies are important to improve self-care and control this disease. This study aimed to evaluate satisfaction and clinical efficacy of a Short Message Service (SMS) educational intervention in self-care and nutrition at a Brazilian university hospital. Materials and methods: We conducted a trial of educational intervention and assigned eligible patients with DM to either receive weekly educational SMS for 6 months (intervention group [IG]) or no SMS at all (control group). A satisfaction questionnaire was applied before and after the intervention in both groups. Laboratory (fasting glucose, hemoglobin [Hb] A1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein) and clinical (blood pressure) data were also collected. Data were analyzed using nonparametric tests with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: We included 128 patients (64 in each group). Responses to the satisfaction questionnaire with self-care and healthcare professionals from 112 patients revealed an improvement in the perception of receiving information regarding helpful eating habits and in healthy eating behavior and an improvement in satisfaction with their diabetes care in the IG. In the post-intervention period, improved systolic blood pressure and HbA1c levels were observed in the IG as illustrated by delta % (post-intervention minus pre-intervention data divided by pre-intervention data multiplied by 100) reductions of 2.3% and 3.9%, respectively Conclusion: SMS intervention was useful as an educational tool for improving satisfaction and glycemic and blood pressure control of patients with DM observed at a Brazilian university hospital.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000390 2 downloads

Restricted feeding modulates peripheral clocks and nutrient sensing pathways in rats
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Rodrigues, Luis Guilherme F.

; de Araujo, Leonardo D.

; Roa, Silvia L. R.

; Bueno, Ana C.

; Uchoa, Ernane T.

; Antunes-Rodrigues, José

; Moreira, Ayrton C.

; Elias, Lucila L. K.

; de Castro, Margaret

; Martins, Clarissa S.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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2021, Volume 65 Nº 5 Páginas 549 - 561

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: Feeding restriction in rats alters the oscillators in suprachiasmatic, paraventricular, and arcuate nuclei, hypothalamic areas involved in food intake. In the present study, using the same animals and experimental protocol, we aimed to analyze if food restriction could reset clock genes ( Clock, Bmal1 ) and genes involved in lipid metabolism ( Pgc1a, Pparg, Ucp2 ) through nutrient-sensing pathways ( Sirt1, Ampk, Nampt ) in peripheral tissues. Materials and methods: Rats were grouped according to food access: Control group (CG, food ad libitum ), Restricted night-fed (RF-n, food access during 2 h at night), Restricted day-fed (RF-d, food access during 2 h in the daytime), and Day-fed (DF, food access during 12 h in the daytime). After 21 days, rats were decapitated at ZT3 (0900-1000 h), ZT11 (1700-1800 h), or ZT17 (2300-2400 h). Blood, liver, brown (BAT) and peri-epididymal (PAT) adipose tissues were collected. Plasma corticosterone and gene expression were evaluated by radioimmunoassay and qPCR, respectively. Results: In the liver, the expression pattern of Clock and Bmal1 shifted when food access was dissociated from rat nocturnal activity; this phenomenon was attenuated in adipose tissues. Daytime feeding also inverted the profile of energy-sensing and lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver, whereas calorie restriction induced a pre-feeding increased expression of these genes. In adipose tissues, Sirt1 expression was modified by daytime feeding and calorie restriction, with concomitant expression of Pgc1a , Pparg , and Ucp2 but not Ampk and Nampt . Conclusion: Feeding restriction reset clock genes and genes involved in lipid metabolism through nutrient-sensing-related genes in rat liver, brown, and peri-epididymal adipose tissues.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000407 31 downloads

Structure and diversity of bacterial community in semiarid soils cultivated with prickly-pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.)
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LYRA, MARIA DO CARMO C.P. DE

; TAKETANI, RODRIGO G.

; FREITAS, ANA DOLORES S. DE

; SILVA, CAROLINA E.R.S. E

; MERGULHÃO, ADÁLIA C.E.S.

; SILVA, MARIA LUIZA R.B. DA

; ANTUNES, JADSON E.L.S.

; ARAÚJO, ADEMIR S.F. DE

; GIACHETTO, POLIANA F.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 3 elocation e20190183

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Studies evaluating the structure and diversity of bacterial communities in arid environments including the rhizosphere of local and adapted plant species are important. Therefore, we used a sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene for describing the structure and diversity of soil bacterial community in three zones: Agreste, Transition and Sertão. The bacterial community was clustered in 9,838 OTUs in Agreste, 8,388 OTUs in the transition, and 14,849 OTUs for Sertão. Among the most abundant phyla, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were abundant in Agreste and Sertão, respectively, while Actinobacteria were abundant in Transition and Sertão. Specific taxa of Proteobacteria, in Agreste, and Actinobacteria, in Sertão, exhibited differences according to biotic and abiotic conditions. Thus, the structure and diversity of bacterial community were different in these areas and were influenced by environmental and soil conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120190183 170 downloads

10.

Use and misuse of biomarkers and the role of D-dimer and C-reactive protein in the management of COVID-19: A post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
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Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Lima, Clarice Antunes de

; Corá, Aline Pivetta

; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues

; Perazzio, Sandro Félix

; Gouvea, Christiane Pereira

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon

; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

; Bonfa, Eloisa

; Utiyama, Edivaldo M.

; Segurado, Aluisio C.

; Perondi, Beatriz

; Miethke-Morais, Anna

; Montal, Amanda C.

; Harima, Leila

; Fusco, Solange R. G.

; Silva, Marjorie F.

; Rocha, Marcelo C.

; Marcilio, Izabel

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Kawano, Fabiane Yumi Ogihara

; Jesus, Maria Amélia de

; Kallas, Ésper George

; Carmo, Carolina

; Tanaka, Clarice

; Souza, Heraldo Possolo de

; Marchini, Julio F. M.

; Carvalho, Carlos

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos

; Sabino, Ester

; Magri, Marcello M. C.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcisio E. P.

; Francisco, Maria Cristina Peres Braido

; Costa, Silvia F.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3547

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality among hospitalized patients and incurs high costs. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can trigger both inflammatory and thrombotic processes, and these complications can lead to a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association and temporal trends of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), hospital mortality, and costs among inpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were extracted from electronic patient records and laboratory databases. Crude and adjusted associations for age, sex, number of comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, and D-dimer or CRP logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: Between March and June 2020, COVID-19 was documented in 3,254 inpatients. The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit (FEU) mortality odds ratio (OR) was 4.48 (adjusted OR: 1.97). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for death was 7.73 (adjusted OR: 3.93). The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL FEU VTE OR was 3.96 (adjusted OR: 3.26). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for VTE was 2.71 (adjusted OR: 1.92). All these analyses were statistically significant (p<0.001). Stratified hospital costs demonstrated a dose-response pattern. Adjusted D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher mortality and doubled hospital costs. In the first week, elevated D-dimer levels predicted VTE occurrence and systemic inflammatory harm, while CRP was a hospital mortality predictor. CONCLUSION: D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher hospital mortality and a higher incidence of VTE. D-dimer was more strongly associated with VTE, although its discriminative ability was poor, while CRP was a stronger predictor of hospital mortality. Their use outside the usual indications should not be modified and should be discouraged.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3547

11.

Modularisation as a competitive criterion in industries manufacturing machinery and equipment in Brazil
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de Lima Nunes, F.

; Valle Antunes Júnior, J.A.

; Dupont, A.

; Pires, G.

; Sordi, J.D.

; Müller de Quevedo, D.

South African Journal of Industrial Engineering

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Mai 2020, Volume 31 Nº 1 Páginas 93 - 109

Resumo: En Af | Texto: En Af | PDF: En | PDF: Af

This research aimed at identifying the competitive criteria that, together with modularisation, impacted the differentiation strategy in industries manufacturing machinery and equipment in Brazil. This was survey-type research that used structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS) for data analysis. A total of 236 responses were obtained from participants in Brazilian machinery and equipment companies in the area of R, including directors, managers, coordinators, and supervisors. From this sample, the results show that applied modularisation positively impacted the competitive criteria related to innovation, quality, and flexibility, whereas, when applied to the delivery costs and performance criteria, it did not contribute to a competitive differential. Since it deals with a non-probabilistic sample by convenience, the present model does not represent the relationship between the constructs in a definitive way, for it concerns a model that address a sample of the machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, referring to ISIC D28, from Brazil.

Die doel van hierdie studie is om die mededingendheidskriteria wat, saam met modularisering, die differensiasiestrategie in die masjinerie en toerusting vervaardigingsindustrie in Brasilië beïnvloed het. Hierdie meningspeiling gebaseerde navorsing het gebruikgemaak van strukturele vergelyklingsmodelering om die data te ontleed. 236 reaksies is vanaf deelnemers verkry, met 'n verskeidenheid van rolle in die bedryf, naamlik direkteure, bestuurders, koördineerders en toesighouers. Die resultate van die steekproef toon dat toegepaste modularisering 'n positiewe invloed op die mededingendheidskriteria, insluitend innovasie, gehalte, en buigsaamheid, gehad het. Dit het egter nie 'n noemenswaardige invloed op afleweringskoste of vertoningskriteria gehad nie. Aangesien dit aan die hand van n nie-stogastiese steekproef afgelei is, is die resultate nie veralgemeenbaar nie. Die resultate is beperk tot die masjinerie en toerusting vervaardigingsindustrie in Brailië.

https://doi.org/10.7166/31-1-2207 354 downloads

12.

Human fusariosis: An emerging infection that is difficult to treat
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Batista, Bruna Gerardon

; Chaves, Magda Antunes de

; Reginatto, Paula

; Saraiva, Otávio Jaconi

; Fuentefria, Alexandre Meneghello

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200013

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fusarium spp. has been associated with a broad spectrum of emerging infections collectively termed fusariosis. This review includes articles published between 2005 and 2018 that describe the characteristics, clinical management, incidence, and emergence of these fungal infections. Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum are globally distributed and represent the most common complexes. Few therapeutic options exist due to intrinsic resistance, especially for the treatment of invasive fusariosis. Therefore, the use of drug combinations could be an important alternative for systemic antifungal resistance. Increase in the number of case reports on invasive fusariosis between 2005 and 2018 is evidence of the emergence of this fungal infection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0013-2020 2401 downloads

13.

A high-carbohydrate diet induces greater inflammation than a high-fat diet in mouse skeletal muscle
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Antunes, M.M.

; Godoy, G.

; de Almeida-Souza, C.B.

; da Rocha, B.A.

; da Silva-Santi, L.G.

; Masi, L.N.

; Carbonera, F.

; Visentainer, J.V.

; Curi, R.

; Bazotte, R.B.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2020, Volume 53 Nº 3 elocation e9039

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

We previously reported that both the high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) and high-fat diet (HFD) given for two months promote lipid deposition and inflammation in the liver and brain of mice. The results obtained indicate a tissue-specific response to both diets. Herein, we compared the effects of HCD and HFD on fatty acid (FA) composition and inflammation in the gastrocnemius muscle. Male Swiss mice were fed with HCD or HFD for 1 or 2 months. Saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), n-3 polyunsaturated FA (n-3 PUFA), and n-6 PUFA were quantified. The activities of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1), Δ-6 desaturase (D6D), elongase 6, and de novo lipogenesis (DNL) were estimated. As for indicators of the inflammatory tissue state, we measured myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and gene expression of F4/80, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, and IL-10. The HCD led to a lower deposition of SFA, MUFA, n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA compared to HFD. However, the HCD increased arachidonic acid levels, SFA/n-3 PUFA ratio, DNL, SCD-1, D6D, and MPO activities, and expression of IL-6, contrasting with the general idea that increased lipid deposition is associated with more intense inflammation. The HCD was more potent to induce skeletal muscle inflammation than the HFD, regardless of the lower lipid accumulation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20199039 1930 downloads

14.

Annual cropland mapping using data mining and OLI Landsat-8
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Oldoni, Lucas V.

; Cattani, Carlos E. V.

; Mercante, Erivelto

; Johann, Jerry A.

; Antunes, João F. G.

; Almeida, Luiz

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Dez 2019, Volume 23 Nº 12 Páginas 952 - 958

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO No Estado do Paraná, Brasil, não há grandes mudanças nas áreas cultivadas com culturas anuais, principalmente devido a leis ambientais que não permitem expansões para novas áreas. Há grande contribuição das culturas anuais para a demanda doméstica de alimentos e econômica nas exportações. Assim, a área e distribuição das culturas anuais são informações de grande importância. Novas metodologias, como data mining, estão sendo testadas com o objetivo de analisar e melhorar seu potencial de uso para classificação do uso e cobertura da terra. Neste estudo, foram utilizados os classificadores decision tree e random forest com métricas temporais de Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) em imagens do Operational Land Imager (OLI)/ Landsat-8. Os resultados foram comparados com os métodos tradicionais (imagens espectrais e classificador Maximum Likelihood Classifier - MLC). Inicialmente, foram mapeadas sete classes (corpos d’água, cana-de-açúcar, área urbana, culturas anuais, floresta, pastagem e áreas de reflorestamento) e posteriormente apenas duas classes foram consideradas (culturas anuais e outras classes). Ao classificar os sete alvos, ambos os métodos tiveram resultados correspondentes, mostrando exatidão global próxima a 84%. As métricas temporais de NDVI mostraram a acurácia do produtor e do usuário para a classe de cultura de 86 e 100%, respectivamente. No entanto, considerando-se apenas duas classes, as métricas temporais do NDVI alcançaram exatidão global próxima a 98% e a acurácia do produtor e do usuário acima de 94%.

ABSTRACT In the state of Paraná, Brazil, there are no major changes in areas cultivated with annual crops, mainly due to environmental laws that do not allow expansions to new areas. There is a great contribution of the annual crops to the domestic demand of food and economic demand in the exports. Thus, the area and distribution of annual crops are information of great importance. New methodologies, such as data mining, are being tested with the objective of analyzing and improving their potential use for classification of land use and land cover. This study used the classifiers decision tree and random forest with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) temporal metrics on images from Operational Land Imager (OLI)/Landsat-8. The results were compared with traditional methods spectral images and Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC). At first, seven classes were mapped (water bodies, sugarcane, urban area, annual crops, forest, pasture and reforestation areas); then, only two classes were considered (annual crops and other targets). When classifying the seven targets, both methods had corresponding results, showing global accuracy near 84%. NDVI temporal metrics showed producer’s and user’s accuracy for the annual crop class of 86 and 100%, respectively. However, if considering only two classes, the NDVI temporal metrics reached global accuracy of near 98% and producer’s and user’s accuracy above 94%.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n12p952-958 956 downloads

15.

The longitudinal relationship between motor competence and measures of fatness and fitness from childhood into adolescence
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Lima, Rodrigo Antunes

; Bugge, Anna

; Ersbøll, Annette K.

; Stodden, David F.

; Andersen, Lars B.

Jornal de Pediatria

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Ago 2019, Volume 95 Nº 4 Páginas 482 - 488

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivos: Examinar as relações longitudinais (sete anos) entre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória (VO2 pico), gordura corporal e coordenação motora. Método: Os dados foram coletados como parte do Copenhagen School Child Intervention Study (CoSCIS). A gordura corporal foi avaliada pela soma de quatro dobras cutâneas. O VO2 pico foi medido diretamente em um protocolo de corrida contínua. A coordenação motora foi avaliada com o teste de coordenação corporal para crianças (Körperkoordination für Kinder - KTK). Usamos modelos lineares mistos multiníveis para avaliar a associação longitudinal recíproca entre a gordura corporal, o VO2 pico e a coordenação motora. Todas as regressões foram estratificadas por sexo e ajustadas para intervenção e estado puberal. Todos os coeficientes das variáveis foram padronizados. Resultados: Observamos uma relação recíproca entre a coordenação motora e a gordura corporal. As crianças com maior coordenação motora no início do estudo apresentaram menor risco de ter maior nível de gordura corporal (βmeninos = -0,45, IC de 95%: -0,52: -0,38; βmeninas = -0,35, IC de 95%: -0,42: -0,28) e maior VO2 pico (βmeninos = 0,34, IC de 95%: 0,27: 0,40; βmeninas = 0,27, IC de 95%: 0,20: 0,33). Por outro lado, maior nível de gordura corporal ou menores níveis de VO2 pico no início do estudo foram associados a menor coordenação motora durante a infância. Conclusões: Esses dados sugerem que a coordenação motora, gordura corporal e VO2 pico demonstram relações recíprocas durante a infância (6-13 anos). São recomendadas intervenções que abordem a coordenação motora, a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e a gordura corporal na primeira infância, pois os efeitos da intervenção são provavelmente maiores devido às associações recíprocas mútuas entre essas três variáveis.

Abstract Objectives: To examine longitudinal (seven years) relationships among cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak), body fatness, and motor competence. Method: Data were collected as part of the Copenhagen School Child Intervention Study (CoSCIS). Body fatness was assessed by the sum of four skinfolds. VO2peak was measured directly in a continuous running protocol. Motor competence was assessed using the Körperkoordinationtest für Kinder. This study used multilevel linear mixed models to evaluate the reciprocal longitudinal association between body fatness, VO2peak, and motor competence. All regressions were stratified by sex and adjusted by intervention and pubertal status. All variable coefficients were standardized. Results: A reciprocal relationship was observed between children's motor competence with body fatness and VO2peak at the seven-year follow-up (6 -13 years of age). Children with higher motor competence at baseline had a lower risk of having higher body fatness (βboys = −0.45, 95% CI: −0.52 to −0.38; βgirls = −0.35, 95% CI: −0.42 to −0.28) and higher VO2peak (βboys = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.27 -0.40; βgirls = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.20 -0.33) during childhood. Alternatively, higher body fatness or lower levels of VO2peak at baseline were associated with lower motor competence during childhood. Conclusions: These data suggest motor competence, body fatness, and VO2peak demonstrate reciprocal relationships across childhood (6 -13 years of age). Interventions addressing motor competence, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body fatness in early childhood are recommended, as intervention effects are likely to be enhanced because of the mutual reciprocal associations between these three variables.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.02.010 1090 downloads

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