Objective: Skin picking disorder (SPD) affects up to 5.4% of the population. Less than half of patients are correctly diagnosed and treated. Developing tools to recognize SPD can help professionals and patients alike. This trial aimed to validate the Skin Picking Scale-Revised (SPS-R) for the Brazilian population and assess the psychiatric and dermatological comorbidities of patients with SPD. Methods: Brazilians with a primary diagnosis of SPD, 18 years or older, were recruited from a community sample by media advertising and evaluated by a dermatologist and a psychiatrist. Self-report instruments were used: SPS-R, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to evaluate the SPS-R, and Pearson correlation (r) was used to assess the relationship between instruments. Results: Overall, 124 patients were included. The SPS-R demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s coefficient = 0.84). CFA found a good fit to the model according to all indices (χ2 = 29.67; degrees of freedom [df] = 19; p = 0.056; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.067; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.969; non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.954). SPS-R correlated with DLQI (r = 0.73), GAD-7 (r = 0.51), and PHQ-9 (r = 0.43). The sample had a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, mainly generalized anxiety disorder (62.1%) and current (32.3%) and past (37.1%) depressive episodes. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the SPS-R presents good psychometric properties. The severity of SPD is related to severity of depression, anxiety, and impairment in quality of life. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04731389

Abstract Mixing herbicides is a common practice in agriculture, to optimize farm management practices, widen the weed control spectrum, enhance application efficiency, and manage herbicide resistance. Interactions between herbicides can occur within the spray tank, on the leaf surface, and/or inside the plant, resulting in physicochemical and physiological interactions. Additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects can result from these interactions. Given the range in plant response and the potential for negative and positive outcomes for weed management, predicting herbicide interactions before using mixtures would be of great value. Therefore, the physiological responses in the literature can help to ensure efficient weed control and avoid unwanted effects in the field. This review compiles information on physiological and physicochemical interactions between herbicides, addressing the most known cases of synergism, antagonism, and additivity, as well as their physiological bases, and the methods for evaluating herbicide interactions. Reference models for herbicide interactions have been reported and they usually interfere interpretation of the mixture effect. Antagonistic interactions can increase the evolution of weed resistance by favoring the survival of individuals exposed to the herbicide. Physicochemical incompatibility in the spray tank usually causes herbicide antagonism, whereas both synergism and antagonism can result from increased or decreased uptake/translocation and from physiological changes in the plant. agriculture practices spectrum efficiency surface andor Additive synergistic value Therefore field additivity bases effect uptaketranslocation uptake translocation

It is still unknown whether excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages may be linked to gestational hypertensive disorders, other than preeclampsia. This study investigated the association between soft drink consumption and hypertension during pregnancy, analyzing the relationship from the perspective of counterfactual causal theory. Data from pregnant women of the BRISA cohort were analyzed (1,380 in São Luis and 1,370 in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil). The explanatory variable was the frequency of soft drink consumption during pregnancy obtained in a prenatal interview. The outcome was gestational hypertension based on medical diagnosis, at the time of delivery. A theoretical model of the association between soft drink consumption and gestational hypertension was constructed using a directed acyclic graph. Marginal structural models (MSM) weighted by the inverse of the probability of soft drink consumption were also employed. Using Poisson regression analysis, high soft drink consumption (≥7 times/week) was associated with gestational hypertension in São Luís (RR=1.48; 95%CI: 1.03-2.10), in Ribeirão Preto (RR=1.51; 95%CI: 1.13-2.01), and in the two cohorts combined (RR=1.45; 95%CI: 1.16-1.82) compared to lower exposure (<7 times/week). In the MSM, the association between high soft drink consumption and gestational hypertension was observed in Ribeirão Preto (RR=1.63; 95%CI: 1.21-2.19) and in the two cohorts combined (RR=1.51; 95%CI: 1.15-1.97), but not in São Luís (RR=1.26; 95%CI: 0.79-2.00). High soft drink consumption seems to be a risk factor for gestational hypertension, suggesting that it should be discouraged during pregnancy.

ABSTRACT Exoantigens (exo) from Leptomonas seymouri and Crithidia fasciculata were used in an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), showing 100% reactivity with sera from visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases, and no reactivity with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) ones. Our results have indicated that these exoantigens can be applied in the discrimination of VL and ATL cases.

RESUMO Na semeadura do arroz irrigado, é necessária a boa drenagem da área, sendo realizados drenos cortando as taipas transversalmente. Para o estabelecimento da lâmina de irrigação definitiva, é necessário o fechamento destes drenos realizado pelos agricultores por meio de diversas maneiras. O estudo de tempos e movimentos de diferentes operações agrícolas é uma importante ferramenta para a obtenção de dados que reflitam o desempenho das mesmas. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o desempenho de cinco equipamentos utilizados na lavoura orizícola, na operação de fechamento de taipas abertas para drenagem (entaipadora de base larga, braço valetador, caçamba "scraper", pá de corte e um protótipo desenvolvido para realizar esta operação), em duas diferentes áreas (coxilha e várzea). Após a avaliação, verificou-se que há diferenças entre os equipamentos utilizados, sendo o protótipo superior aos demais para as variáveis tempo total de operação, eficiência de tempo sem tempo gasto com deslocamento entre taipas, capacidade efetiva de campo e consumo de combustível por taipa.

ABSTRACT A good drainage system is critical during irrigated rice sowing; therefore, earth dikes are built to control water flows. Therefore, irrigation depths can be regulated by these dikes' openings, being performed in a variety of ways. Studying time and motion of different agricultural practices consists of a meaningful tool to gather data on the performance of these mechanisms. Given that, we aimed to test the performance of five equipment used in paddies to close earth dikes opened for drainage purposes (rice-dike plow, ditcher, bucket scraper, cutting shovel and a prototype developed for this operation) in two different areas (hills and lowland). After evaluation, we concluded that there are differences among the assessed equipment and, the developed prototype had the best results for total time of operation, time efficiency, effective field capacity and fuel consumption by dike.

Matrimid®5218 hollow fiber membranes were prepared using the dry-wet spinning process. The transport properties were measured with pure gases (H2, CO2, N2, CH4 and O2) and with a mixture (30% CO2 and 70% N2) in dry and wet conditions at 25 ºC, 50 ºC, 60 ºC and 75 ºC and up to 600 kPa. Interesting values of single gas selectivity up to 60 ºC (between 31 and 28 for CO2/N2 and between 33 and 30 for CO2/CH4) in dry condition were obtained. The separation factor measured for the mixture was 20% lower compared to the single gas selectivity, in the whole temperature range analyzed. In saturation conditions the data showed that water influences the performance of the membranes, inducing a reduction of the permeance of all gases. Moreover, the presence of water caused a decrease of single gas selectivity and separation factor, although not so significant, highlighting the very high water resistance of hollow fiber membrane modules.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as plantas medicinais utilizadas por idosos assistidos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Pelotas-RS, com diagnóstico de Diabetes mellitus, como terapia complementar no tratamento dos sintomas da doença. Caracterizou-se por pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em julho de 2009, no município de Pelotas-RS. Foram entrevistados 18 idosos com idade entre 60 e 77 anos, sendo 14 do sexo feminino. Os participantes citaram 20 plantas medicinais utilizadas como terapia complementar no tratamento do Diabetes mellitus. Entre estas, as mais citadas utilizadas para diminuir os níveis de glicose no sangue foram Sphagneticola trilobata, Bauhinia spp. e Syzygium cumini, sendo que para as duas últimas há comprovação científica do efeito hipoglicemiante. A infusão foi a forma de preparo predominante. Considera-se importante a realização de estudos farmacológicos que investiguem os efeitos das plantas utilizadas pela população, a fim de que o uso proporcione os benefícios desejados e não cause danos à saúde.

This study aimed to investigate medicinal plants used as complementary therapy by the elderly with diabetes mellitus, assisted by a Health Basic Unit in Pelotas (RS, Brazil). This qualitative research was conducted in July 2009. Eighteen 60 to 77 years old elderly (14 of them female) were interviewed. The participants identified 20 medicinal plants used as complementary therapies in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Among these, the most used ones to reduce the levels of glucose in the blood were Sphagneticola trilobata, Bauhinia spp. and Syzygium cumini. For the last two plants, there are scientific proofs of hypoglycemic effects. The infusion was the predominant form of preparation. Studies to investigate the pharmacological effects of plants used by the population have become very important, for providing scientific information on their possible health benefits and side effects.

Foram estudadas oito espécies de Nyctaginaceae Juss., com o objetivo de caracterizá-las palinologicamente e, assim, contribuir para a elaboração de um catálogo polínico da flora das restingas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. As espécies examinadas foram Boerhavia diffusa L., Bougainvillea glabra Choisy, B. spectabilis Willd., Guapira obtusata (Jacq.) Little, G. opposita (Vell.) Reitz, G. pernambucencis (Casar.) Lund., Leucaster caniflorus (Mart.) Choisy e Mirabilis jalapa L. Os grãos de pólen foram acetolisados, mensurados, descritos e fotomicrografados. A análise de microscopia eletrônica de varredura foi utilizada em grãos de pólen não acetolisados, para confirmar as descrições feitas sob microscopia de luz e, em alguns casos para confirmar as descrições de abertura e ornamentação. Constatou-se que os grãos de pólen da espécie B. diffusa L. são grandes, apolares, esferoidais, 12-18-porados, com sexina espiculada; as espécies de Bougainvillea possuem grãos de pólen médios, isopolares, suboblatos, âmbito subtriangular, área polar grande, 3-colpados, sexina reticulada contendo espinhos diminutos sobre o muro e báculos livres no interior dos lumens; em Guapira os grãos de pólen são médios, isopolares, prolato-esferoidais, âmbito subtriangular, área polar grande, 3-colpados, colpos apresentando opérculo, sexina espinhosa em G. obtusata e G. pernambucensis, e microrreticulada em G. opposita; L. caniflorus apresenta grãos de pólen pequenos, isopolares, prolato-esferoidais, âmbito subtriangular, área polar pequena, 3-colpados, sexina reticulada; M. jalapa apresenta grãos de pólen muito grandes, apolares, esferoidais, pantoporados (ca. 32 poros), sexina espinhosa. Pela análise dos resultados obtidos pôde-se concluir que as espécies analisadas apresentam certa heterogeneidade polínica quanto à forma, aos atributos das aberturas e à ornamentação da sexina, podendo-se usar estes caracteres na taxonomia da família.

In this study eight taxa of Nyctaginaceae Juss. were investigated for palynological characterization and to contribute to the Pollen Catalog of the Flora of the Rio de Janeiro restingas. The taxa analysed were Boerhavia diffusa L., Bougainvillea glabra Choisy, B. spectabilis Willd., Guapira obtusata (Jacq.) Little, G. opposita (Vell.) Reitz, G. pernambucencis (Casar.) Lund., Leucaster caniflorus (Mart.) Choisy and Mirabilis jalapa L. Pollen grains were measured, described and illustrated using light microscopy. Non-acetolysed pollen grains were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to confirm descriptions of aperture and sexine ornamentation. The pollen grains of Boerhavia are large, apolar, spheroidal, 12-18 porate, sexine spinose; Bougainvillea species have medium-sized pollen grains, isopolar, suboblate, subtriangular ambit, large polar area, 3-colpate, reticulate sexine, muri with spines and lumina with bacula; Guapira species have medium-sized pollen grains, isopolar, prolate spheroidal, subtriangular ambit, large polar area, 3-colpate, colpes with operculum, spinose sexine in G. obtusata and G. pernambucensis, and microreticulated in G. opposita reticulate sexine, except for G. pernambucensis, (granulate sexine); Leucaster caniflorus pollen grains are small, isopolar, prolate spheroidal, subtriangular ambit, small polar area, 3-colpate, reticulate sexine; Mirabilis jalapa has very large pollen grains, apolar, spheroidal, pantoporate (c. 32 pores), sexine spinose. The results show that the pollen of these taxa are rather heterogeneous in shape, aperture attributes and sexine ornamentation which can be used in the taxonomy of the family.

Two cases of low-latitude snow with lightning are studied to determine their characteristics. Both cases had synoptic-scale origins, but also featured smaller-scale influences (e. g. orographic lift and elevated instability). The first event occurred in the Southern Hemisphere and was a late winter case that developed under the influence of underlying orography. Lightning was plentiful in that event (94 cloud-to-ground flashes in the region), but snow accumulations were not significant. Lightning flashes of negative polarity dominated this case, with a mean peak amplitude of -43.2 kA. The second event was a Northern Hemisphere case of elevated convection, with frontogenesis beneath an extended layer of potential instability. Appreciable lightning occurred with this event as well (706 cloud-to-ground flashes in the region), and snow accumulations were significant over a broad area. Lightning flashes of negative polarity dominated this case also, with a mean peak amplitude of -23.7 kA. Each of these events is worthy of further scrutiny, as studies of such storms do not appear often in the literature. Indeed, such warm, subtropical regions are often unprepared for the effects of just a little snow or ice accumulation. Future forecasters can anticipate better such anomalous events by looking for these broad features: 1) significant and well-defined synoptic-scale weather systems at low latitudes, 2) a strong baroclinic zone with a well-defined (>60 ms-1) jet structure aloft, 3) cold air of appreciable depth and areal extent drawn much closer to the equator than is typical, and 4) a moist neutral to conditionally unstable layer above the frontal zone.

Se examinan dos eventos de nevada con relámpagos en latitudes bajas a fin de identificar sus características. Ambos eventos se originaron a escala sinóptica y tuvieron impactos de pequeña escala (por ejemplo, ascenso orográfico e inestabilidad elevada). El primer evento ocurrió en el hemisferio sur y se desarrolló a finales del invierno influenciado por la orografía subyacente. Este evento presentó abundancia de relámpagos (94 destellos nube-suelo en la región); sin embargo, la acumulación de nieve fue insignificante. Este evento fue dominado por relámpagos con polaridad negativa, con una amplitud máxima promedio de -43.2 kA. El segundo evento fue un caso de convección elevada en el hemisferio norte con frontogénesis debajo de una capa extensa de inestabilidad potencial. Este evento también presentó abundantes relámpagos (706 destellos nube-suelo en la región), así como considerable acumulación de nieve sobre un área extensa. Este evento también fue dominado por relámpagos con polaridad negativa, con una amplitud máxima promedio de -23.7 kA. Ambos eventos ameritan mayor investigación dado que estudios sobre tormentas similares no son abordados frecuentemente en la literatura. Más aún, teniendo en consideración que las regiones cálidas sub-tropicales usualmente no están preparadas para enfrentar ni siquiera los efectos de pequeñas acumulaciones de nieve o hielo. En el futuro, los pronosticadores pueden anticipar mejor estos eventos anómalos observando las siguientes características generales: 1) sistemas climáticos sinópticos significativos y bien definidos enbajas latitudes; 2) una zona baroclínica fuerte con estructura de chorro superpuesta bien definida (>60 ms-1); 3) una extensión considerable y profunda de aire frío más próximo al ecuador de lo típico; y 4) una capa con humedad neutral a inestabilidad condicional sobre la zona frontal.

Avaliou-se o comportamento de dois híbridos de milho doce submetidos a espaçamentos e populações de plantas. Empregou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x4x5, correspondente a híbridos (MD2001 e MD2002), espaçamentos entre linhas (60; 70; 80 e 90 cm) e população de plantas (50; 55; 60; 65 e 70 mil plantas ha-1) com quatro repetições. Visando a obtenção de espigas com comprimento mínimo de 150 mm, o espaçamento e a população de plantas mais adequados foram, 60 cm e 67 mil plantas ha-1, respectivamente. Nestas condições de manejo, o híbrido MD2001 apresentou maior produtividade de espigas e grãos, enquanto que o híbrido MD2002 apresentou melhor rendimento industrial. O comprimento e diâmetro das espigas e número de fileiras de grãos apresentaram-se como os principais componentes da produtividade de espigas e grãos, enquanto que a profundidade de grãos apresentou-se como o principal componente do rendimento industrial.

In the present study we analyzed two sweet corn hybrids, in four row spacing and five plant populations. A randomized block design was used, in a 2x4x5 factorial, corresponding to hybrid (MD2001 and MD2002), row spacing (60; 70; 80 and 90 cm) and plant populations (50; 55; 60; 65 and 70 thousand plants ha-1) with four replications. Aiming to obtain a minimum ear length of 150 mm, recommended row spacing and population were 60 cm and 67 thousand plants ha-1, respectively. Under these management conditions, hybrid MD2001 presented greater ear kernel productivity, while hybrid MD2002 presented better industrial yield. Ear length and diameter, and the number of kernel lines represented the major components in ear and kernel productivity. Kernel depth was the major component for improving the industrial yield.

This paper reviews the role of the neutrophil in the immune system and the relationship between this cell and periodontal disease. The immune system represents the individual´s defences avoiding the entry of foreign agents into the organism, or otherwise trying to destroy them if the biological barriers are trespassed. Neutrophil is one of the most important cells of the immune system, and represents the first defence line against bacterial and fungal infections. Deficiency in its number and/or function can elicit the development of periodontal disease due to a decreased immune response. On the other hand, a hyperactivity or an excessive release of the cell's content into the extracellular compartment, can produce tissue damage, which is the main consequence of periodontal disease.

El presente artículo es una revisión bibliográfica del papel que cumple el neutrófilo dentro del sistema inmunológico y de la relación que existe entre esta célula y la enfermedad periodontal. Las defensas del organismo están representadas por el sistema inmunológico, encargado de evitar el ingreso de cualquier agente extraño o de destruirle en caso de haber traspasado previamente las barreras biológicas. El neutrófilo es una de las células más importantes de este sistema, siendo la primera defensa contra infecciones bacterianas y fúngicas. Deficiencias en su número y/o función pueden provocar el desarrollo de enfermedad periodontal a consecuencia de una disminuida respuesta inmune del huésped. Por otro lado, una mayor actividad por parte de esta célula o, más concretamente, una excesiva liberación de su contenido al espacio extracelular, puede producir daño tisular, una de las consecuencias de la evolución de la Enfermedad Periodontal.

O jurupoca, Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, é o sexto maior pimelodídeo do Pantanal. Sua idade e crescimento foram estudados a partir dos espinhos de nadadeiras peitorais de exemplares coletados no rio Cuiabá, Pantanal mato-grossense. Os exemplares provieram da pesca comercial e experimental com linha e anzol. A análise do índice de incremento marginal não permitiu que se distinguissem a periodicidade e a época de formação dos anéis de crescimento (H = 4,142; p = 0,247). Porém, o declínio acentuado do índice de incremento marginal registrado na vazante sugere que esse seja o período de formação dos anéis. A estimativa dos parâmetros que descrevem a curva de crescimento de von Bertalanffy, ajustada por meio de regressão não-linear aos comprimentos observados e com o valor do L<FONT FACE=Symbol>¥</FONT> fixado em 64,0 cm (comprimento furcal), foi de k = 0,222 ano-1 e t o = -2,149 anos. A longevidade dos indivíduos foi estimada em 11,4 anos. Os resultados indicam que o comprimento furcal é bom preditor da idade para os indivíduos dessa espécie de peixe.

The Porthole Shovelnose Catfish, Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, is the sixth largest pimelodidae of the Pantanal. Its age and growth were studied using pectoral fin-spines from fish collected in the Cuiabá river basin, Pantanal. The fish, which came from commercial and experimental fisheries, were all caught with hook and line. Growth-ring formation time could not be defined through the Kruskal-Wallis test on marginal increment (H = 4.142; p = 0.247). Nevertheless, decrease in the marginal increment index occurring as waters recede suggests this as the probable time when growth rings form. Estimation of the parameters of von Bertalanffy growth curve, adjusted through nonlinear regression to observed fork lengths, with L<FONT FACE=Symbol>¥</FONT> fixed at 64 cm, were: k = 0.222 year-1; t o = -2.149 years. Individual life span was estimated at 11.4 years. The results suggest that fork length is a good predictor of age for individuals of this species.

Um anti-soro policlonal específico para Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) foi produzido por meio da imunização de coelhos com proteína capsidial purificada, expressa in vitro em células de Escherichia coli. O gene cp foi amplificado via RT-PCR utilizando oligonucleotídeos específicos, a partir de RNA viral extraído de preparações virais concentradas. O fragmento amplificado foi clonado em pBLUESCRIPT KS+ e completamente seqüenciado para confirmação de sua identidade e integridade. Em seguida, o fragmento foi subclonado no vetor de expressão pRSET-A. Plasmídeos recombinantes foram utilizados para a expressão da proteína capsidial em E. coli BL21::DE3. A proteína foi purificada por meio de cromatografia de afinidade em coluna de Ni+-NTA, a partir de proteínas totais extraídas de E. coli. Uma vez purificada, a proteína foi quantificada e utilizada para imunização dos coelhos. O anti-soro foi testado quanto a sua especificidade e sensibilidade em testes de Western blot, DAS-ELISA, imunodifusão e ELISA indireto. Todos os testes demonstraram que o anti-soro produzido a partir da expressão in vitro da proteína capsidial é altamente específico para a detecção do WMV em extratos foliares, não tendo sido observada nenhuma reação heteróloga interespecífica.

A Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV)-specific, polyclonal antiserum was raised in rabbits by immunization with purified capsid protein expressed and purified from Escherichia coli cells. The cp gene was RT-PCR-amplified using specific oligonucleotides, and viral RNA extracted from concentrated particles as a template. The amplified fragment was cloned in pBLUESCRIPT KS+ and fully sequenced in order to confirm its identity and integrity. The fragment was subsequently subcloned into the pRSET-A expression vector. Recombinant plasmids were used to induce the expression of the capsid protein in E. coli BL21::DE3. The protein was purified by affinity chromatography using a Ni+-NTA resin, from E. coli total protein extract. The purified protein was quantified and used for the immunization of rabbits. The antiserum was tested for its sensitivity and specificity in Western blot, DAS-ELISA, immunodiffusion and indirect ELISA assays. All tests indicated that the antiserum raised from in vitro-expressed capsid protein is highly specific for the detection of WMV in plant extracts, with no interspecific, heterologous reactions being observed.

O Jurupensém, Sorubim lima, é um predador dos grandes rios da América do Sul. A idade e o crescimento do S. lima foram estudados a partir de espinhos de nadadeiras peitorais de exemplares coletados no Rio Cuiabá, Pantanal Mato-grossense. Os exemplares provieram da pesca comercial e experimental, com linha e anzol. A análise do índice de incremento marginal sugere que os anéis de crescimento se formam uma vez ao ano, durante a estação da seca, entre julho e setembro (ANOVA tipo I: F = 4,183; g.l. = 3 e 104; p = 0,008). Os parâmetros que descrevem a curva de crescimento de von Bertalanffy, ajustados por meio de regressão não-linear aos comprimentos observados na idade, foram estimados em: L<FONT FACE=Symbol>¥</FONT> = 56,0 cm (comprimento furcal); k = 0,245 ano-1; t o = -2,605 anos. A longevidade dos indivíduos foi estimada em 9,6 anos. Os resultados indicam que o comprimento furcal é um bom preditor de idade para os indivíduos dessa espécie de peixe.

The Duckbill Catfish, Sorubim lima, is a predator of large South American rivers. The age and growth of S. lima were studied based on the pectoral fin-spines of samples collected from the Cuiabá River, Pantanal. The samples were taken from commercial and experimental hook-and-line fishing. An analysis of the marginal increment suggests that the growth rings are formed once a year during the dry season, from July to September (ANOVA type I: F = 4.183; g.l. = 3 and 104; p = 0.008). The estimate of the parameters that describe von Bertalanffy's growth curve by nonlinear regression of the observed lengths in the age were: L<FONT FACE=Symbol>¥</FONT> = 56.0 cm (fork length); k = 0.245 year-1; t o = -2.605 years. The animals were estimated to have a life span of 9.6 years. The findings indicate that the fork length is a good predictor of the age of individuals of this fish species.

A work of gathering historical fishing (catch, fishing effort, CPUE, characteristics and operation of purseiner fleet) and satellite (NOAA, SeaStar and SeaWind) database of northern Chile, and fishing and oceanographic in situ sampling for validation purpose is made. With this information and the use of geographical information system (GIS) the distribution of pelagic resources and the associated environmental conditions (sea surface temperature, thermal gradients, chlorophyll concentration and wind fields) are analysed in order to develop a probable fishing ground (PFG) index prediction model. A PFG model of anchovy (Engraulins ringens) is operative for the northern Chile. The impact of the use of PFG charts was evaluated analyzing the operational efficiency of the involved purse seiner fleet. An availability index, independent from the present fishery activity, is estimated from the PFG index and images that depend on historical and present environmental conditions and historical catches. The management measures that assure the resources sustainability are present