RESUMEN. Este estudio presenta un protocolo de preservación de rastros y evidencias digitales ante ciberincidentes por medio de diferentes niveles de acceso de usuarios, con base en la informática forense. La aplicación de nuevas herramientas y sus funciones permite conservar información que puede esclarecer los tipos de ataques, la dinámica del delito, su materialidad y su autoría. Este es un protocolo que determina la primera respuesta digital, clasificada por niveles de urgencia, para apoyar la toma de decisiones manteniendo la cadena de custodia según el riesgo de volatilidad de los datos. Se concluye que este protocolo apoya el esclarecimiento de un ciberincidente y permite la correcta conservación de los datos, de manera que cada organización atacada pueda decidir qué datos debe priorizar en la identificación, el aislamiento y la protección de la información.

ABSTRACT. This study presents a protocol for preserving digital traces and evidence in cyber incidents through different user access levels based on computer forensics. The implementation of new tools could preserve information that can help clarify the attack type and the crime's dynamics, its materiality, and authorship. This protocol determines the first digital response, classified by level of urgency, to support decision making while maintaining the chain of custody according to the risk of data volatility. It is concluded that this protocol helps clarify cyber incidents while respecting the correct preservation of data. Thus, each charged organization can decide which data should be prioritized in information identification, isolation, and protection.

RESUMEN. En una sociedad que se integra a la era de la economía del conocimiento, el aprendizaje en defensa digital para adolescentes es fundamental, en especial para los técnicos de redes informáticas. Este artículo presenta una propuesta formativa desarrollada en el Instituto Federal de São Paulo - Campus São Paulo Pirituba, estructurada en cinco ejes de estudio para la gestión y seguridad de la información, así como los proyectos integradores surgidos en este curso. Participaron 42 estudiantes de educación técnica integrados a la escuela secundaria, quienes presentaron, desde sus intereses personales de indagación, cuatro trabajos sobre temas relacionados con la defensa digital: malware, prevención y capacitación, secuestro de datos y ciberacoso. Estos proyectos ponen en práctica los conocimientos aprendidos y su aplicación en investigaciones que forman parte de la educación profesional.

ABSTRACT. In a society entering the era of the knowledge economy, digital defense learning for adolescents is essential, especially for computer network technicians. This article presents a training proposal conducted at the Pirituba Campus of the Federal Institute of São Paulo and the integrating projects that emerged from this course. The proposal was structured in five information management and security study axes. Forty-two high school students in technical education participated. They presented, from their personal research interests, four works on topics related to digital defense, such as malware, prevention and training, data kidnapping, and cyber-bullying. These projects applied the knowledge obtained and implemented it in the research, which is part of professional education.

AbstractIntroduction: Communication is a fundamental element for the development of human beings, promoting their coexistence in society. However, changes in muscle tone, associated with cerebral palsy (CP), among other conditions, cause phono-articulatory dysfunctions hindering speech capabilities. Although there are resources for augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), most of them do not completely satisfy the needs of individuals with motor impairment. Therefore, this study proposes a tool based on mobile technology for AAC, which can be adapted to the characteristics of the motor limitations of CP users. Methods Mobile system development was conducted employing user-centered design and development methods. Functions were developed allowing the communication of phrases through pictographic resources and a mechanism of speech synthesis, that can be customized according to specific communication needs. To validate this system, 20 CP volunteers with speech difficulties and motor impairment were recruited from two institutions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. They operated the system following a pre-defined test protocol, and they answered a system usability scale (SUS) questionnaire, to rate the ease of learning, memorization, efficiency, occurrence of runtime errors, and the level of user satisfaction. Results The results showed a score of 85.85 ± 2.28 above the average SUS scale, for each one of the quality components assessed by the volunteers. Conclusion The developed software is user-friendly, representing a new option for AAC, and is customized according to the communication needs of people with speech disorder and motor impairment.