Abstract Objective To evaluate the association between pain intensity in the active phase of the first stage of labor with the use or not of nonpharmacological methods for pain relief in a real-life scenario. Methods This was an observational cross-sectional study. The variables analyzed were obtained by a questionnaire with the mothers (up to 48 hours postpartum) to investigate the intensity of pain during labor using the visual analog scale (VAS). The nonpharmacological pain relief methods routinely used in obstetric practice were evaluated by consulting medical records. The patients were separated into two groups: Group I – patients who did not use nonpharmacological methods for pain relief and Group II –patients who used these methods. Results A total of 439 women who underwent vaginal delivery were included; 386 (87.9%) used at least 1 nonpharmacological method and 53 (12.1%) did not. The women who did not use nonpharmacological methods had significantly lower gestational age (37.2 versus 39.6 weeks, p < 0.001) and shorter duration of labor (24 versus 114 min, p < 0.001) than those who used the methods. There was no statistically significant difference in the pain scale score using the VAS between the group that used nonpharmacological methods and the group that did not (median 10 [minimum 2– maximum 10] versus 10 [minimum 6–maximum 10] p = 0.334). Conclusion In a real-life setting, there was no difference in labor pain intensity between the patients who used nonpharmacological methods and those who did not use them during the active phase of labor.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a associação da intensidade da dor na fase ativa da dilatação do parto em mulheres de acordo com a utilização ou não de métodos não farmacológicos para alívio da dor em cenário de vida real. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo observacional de corte transversal. As variáveis analisadas foram obtidas através de questionário com as puérperas (até 48 horas pós-parto) investigando a intensidade da dor no parto pela escala visual analógica (EVA). As medidas não farmacológicas de alívio da dor, utilizadas rotineiramente na prática obstétrica, foram avaliadas pela consulta aos prontuários. As pacientes foram separadas em dois grupos: Grupo I – pacientes que não utilizaram medidas não farmacológicas para alívio da dor e Grupo II - pacientes que utilizaram estas medidas. Resultados Foram incluídas 439 mulheres que tiveram parto vaginal, sendo que 386 (87,9%) utilizaram, pelo menos, uma medida não farmacológica e 53 (12,1%) não utilizaram. As mulheres que não utilizaram as medidas não farmacológicas apresentaram idade gestacional significativamente menor (37,2 versus 39,6 semanas, p < 0,001) e menor duração do trabalho de parto (24 versus 114 minutos, p < 0,001) quando comparadas às que utilizaram as medidas. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na pontuação da escala da dor pela EVA de acordo com a categorização pelo uso ou não de métodos não farmacológicos (mediana 10 [mínimo 2–máximo 10] versus 10 (mínimo 6–máximo 10), p = 0,334]. Conclusão Em cenário de vida real, as pacientes submetidas aos métodos não farmacológicos não apresentaram diferença em relação à intensidade da dor quando comparadas às que não os utilizaram durante a fase ativa do trabalho de parto.

ABSTRACT The Scientists of Tomorrow/ Cientistas do Amanhã project is an immersive science training program developed by the Program of Post-Graduation in Health Sciences at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. This program was conducted in partnership with Volunteering and Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Professor Paulo Freire in Paraisópolis, São Paulo, Brazil. The Scientists of Tomorrow Program comprised a short training period conducted in May 2022 involving 37 students, and a long training period from August to December 2022, which included 15 students. It aimed to popularize science through practical activities; transfer knowledge to young students; sensitize and guide them to pursue academic-scientific careers; reduce stereotypes about scientific work and scientists; and help students understand the social, political, and ethical roles of science within society. All activities were led by postgraduate students and professors from our postgraduate program, physicians, nurses, physiotherapists, biomedicals, and veterinarians from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, as well as medical students from Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein . Activities in the short training included lectures on cinema and science, strategies to combat fake news, non-violent communication, innovation, design-thinking framework, and developing a scientific project. During the long training period, discussions were focused on nanotechnology, animal research, big data, bioinformatics, meditation, blood and bone marrow donation, telemedicine, sex and sexually-transmitted infections, rehabilitation, career opportunities, and scientific integrity. In addition, practical activities were further expanded using optical and confocal microscopy, cytometry, and basic concepts regarding the structure and function of living cells. The program also included the launching of the open-air outreach Education E-natureza activity, which turned students into ambassadors of nature. In conclusion, the Scientists of Tomorrow Program was innovative and enabled young students to learn that science is a collective activity that can enhance public health.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of using interventions in low- and high-risk parturients on maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes during labor. METHODS: This is a prospective study. The analyzed variables were obtained through a questionnaire with puerperal women (between 1- and 48-h postpartum) and through medical record searches. The study population was divided into two groups as follows: Group I included parturients who underwent at least one type of obstetric intervention and Group II included parturients who did not undergo any type of obstetric intervention. RESULTS: Most parturients (75.3%) underwent at least one type of intervention, with oxytocin being the most prevalent intervention (49.5%), followed by misoprostol use (28.7%), elective cesarean section at the request of the patient (23.0%), amniotomy (21.2%), and episiotomy (21.0%). Regarding the adverse perinatal outcomes related to low-risk pregnancies, the prevalence of the second- or third-degree perineal tears (17.8% vs. 36.7%, p=0.001) was lower in Group I than in Group II. Moreover, in high-risk pregnancies, the prevalence of hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (2.8% vs. 16.7%, p<0.001), adult intensive care unit admission (0.8% vs. 3.9%, p=0.004), and the need for oxygen therapy (26.8% vs. 40.4%, p<0.001) was lower in Group I than in Group II. CONCLUSIONS: In low-risk parturients, the interventions performed were associated with lower prevalence of second- or third-degree perineal tears. There was a lower prevalence of neonatal and adult intensive care unit admissions, the need for oxygen therapy, intracranial hemorrhage, and neonatal infection among high-risk parturients.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de extratores de cápsula porosa, associados a medidores de íons específicos, para determinar a disponibilidade de nutrientes em pimentão e melão cultivados em substrato. A solução de substrato foi obtida utilizando o extrator aquoso 1:1,5 (v/v) e o extrator de cápsula porosa. A condutividade elétrica (CE), o pH e a concentração dos macronutrientes na solução do substrato foram determinados por meio do método analítico. Além disso, foram determinadas as concentrações de NO ‑ e K+ nas soluções obtidas com os extratores de cápsula porosa, bem como as concentrações de N e K na folha diagnose do estado nutricional. As concentrações de NO- e K+ obtidas por extratores de cápsula porosa apresentam forte correlação (r=0,96 e 0,92, respectivamente) com as obtidas pelo método padrão, bem como correlação moderada (r=0,65) e forte (r=0,71) com as concentrações de N e K, respectivamente, na folha diagnose do estado nutricional do melão e, correlação fraca (r=0,36 e 0,26, respectivamente) na folha diagnose do estado nutricional do pimentão. A utilização de extratores de cápsula porosa para a obtenção da solução do substrato e, a determinação das concentrações de N-NO3- e K+ por medidores de íons específicos, é um método rápido para avaliar a disponibilidade de nutrientes em cultivos sem solo.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the porous ceramic cup extractors, associated with ion meters, for the determination of nutrients availability for bell pepper and melon crops in substrate. Substrate solution was acquired using aqueous extract 1:1.5 (v/v) and also the porous ceramic cup extractor. Electrical conductivity (EC), pH and macronutrient contents were determined for the substrate solution through analytical method. The concentrations of NO- and K+ in the solutions obtained with porous ceramic cup extractors, and the N and K contents in the diagnostic leaf for nutritional evaluation were also determined. The concentrations of NO3- and K+ using the porous ceramic cup extractors have strong correlation (r=0.96 and 0.92, respectively) with the ones obtained using the standard method, as well as a moderate correlation (r=0.65) and a strong one (r=0.71) with contents of N and K, respectively, in the melon diagnostic leaf; and a weak correlation (r=0.36 and 0.26, respectively) in the bell pepper diagnostic leaf. The use of porous ceramic cup extractors for obtaining the substrate solution and the determination of the N-NO- and K+ contents by means of specific ion meters are a fast method of evaluating nutrients availability in soilless cultures.

Abstract Objective: To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with no intention to exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months of life in a sample of women in the first 24 h postpartum during the hospital stay. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from screening phase of a birth cohort. The proportion of mothers who did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months (primary outcome) derived from a negative response to the question “Would you be willing to try to breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months?”, in an interview conducted by previously trained interviewers. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals were obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: A total of 2964 postpartum women were interviewed. The overall prevalence of mothers who did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months was 17.8% (16.4–19.1%). After adjusting for maternal age and type of pregnancy (singleton or multiple), no intention to exclusively breastfeed was higher in mothers with a monthly household income < 3 minimum wages (PR, 1.64; 1.35–1.98) and in those who intended to smoke 4–7 days/week after delivery (PR, 1.42; 1.11–1.83). The presence of significant newborn morbidity (PR, 0.32; 0.19–0.54) and intention to breastfeed up to 12 months (PR, 0.46; 0.38–0.55) had a protective effect against not intending to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months. Conclusions: Approximately 1 in every 5 mothers did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months. Strategies aimed at promoting exclusive breastfeeding should focus attention on mothers from lower economic strata and smokers.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between the number of prenatal care visits and the occurrence of adverse perinatal outcomes in an average city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: This was a prospective and observational study. The variables analyzed were obtained through a questionnaire administered to postpartum women (between 1 and 48 h postpartum) and information contained in prenatal cards. The pregnant women were classified into three groups: Group I, <3 prenatal care visits; Group II, 3–5 prenatal care visits; and Group III, ≥6 prenatal care visits. RESULTS: Group I had a lower median weight (57.0 vs. 64.0 kg, p<0.001), body mass index (22.1 vs. 24.3 kg/m2, p<0.001), and weight gain (9.0 vs. 12 kg, p=0.002) than Group III. The prevalence of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (11.6 vs. 4.2%, p=0.02) and the newborn mortality rate within the first 72 h of life (2.3 vs. 0%, p<0.001) were higher in Group I than in Group III. Group II had a higher prevalence of admission to the adult intensive care unit (5.7 vs. 0.6%, p<0.001) and a higher newborn mortality rate within the first 72 h of life (1.6% vs. 0%, p<0.001) than Group III. CONCLUSIONS: Having ≥6 prenatal care visits was associated with lower rates of admission to the neonatal and adult intensive care unit, as well as a lower newborn mortality rate within the first 72 h of life.

Abstract Introduction Interpersonal negotiation skills (INS) comprise actions used to solve social situations between interacting individuals involving different needs or desires. These abilities are part of one’s social competence and may be impaired in some psychiatric conditions. There are few validated psychometric tools for measuring INS in the literature. This pilot study aimed to investigate some basic psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Interpersonal Negotiation Strategies Interview (INSI) in children and adolescents. Methods We developed a new version of the INSI adapted to the Brazilian culture using eight different dilemmas in dyadic situations (with peers and adults), presented visually as drawings on cards. A group of psychologists and psychiatrists chose and adapted the dilemmas formerly proposed by the original version. The same scoring criteria as for the original instrument were used. A total of 20 children and adolescents were included in this pilot study. We investigated test reliability using measures of interrater reliability, test-retest, and internal consistency. The content validity of the INSI was also evaluated by comparison with scores from the Child Behavior Checklist-Revised (CBCL). Results Internal consistency and test-retest evaluations were acceptable (rater 1: α = 0.77; rater 2: α = 0.72); the reliability of the instrument was excellent (K = 0.078; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.98; 95% confidence interval 0.97-0.99); and content validity was strongly significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions Preliminary results suggest that this version of the INSI has good interrater reliability and internal consistency and constitutes a promising tool to assess social competence.

ABSTRACT Background: Domestic pigeons carry pathogens in their droppings, posing a potential public health problem. Methods: The phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistances of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium in the feces of urban pigeons near hospitals with intensive care units were measured. Results: Twenty-nine samples showed Enterococcus growth, whereas one was positive for S. aureus. The S. aureus isolate was sensitive to the antibiotics tested via antibiogram, however resistance genes were identified. E. faecium isolates showed phenotypic resistance to gentamicin, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin. Conclusions: Antimicrobial profiles harmful to health were demonstrated in bacterial pathogens isolated from the external environment of hospitals.

RESUMO O consórcio de hortaliças é um sistema de cultivo que utiliza a complementaridade entre espécies para aumentar a rentabilidade da atividade agrícola. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das espécies almeirão e rúcula em consórcio com a couve na produtividade das culturas e no índice de eficiência do uso da área (EUA). Seis tratamentos (espécies em consórcio e em monocultura) foram avaliados em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram utilizadas as cultivares ‘Top Bunch’ (couve), ‘Pão de Açúcar’ (almeirão) e ‘Folha Larga’ (rúcula). A produtividade da couve em monocultura não diferiu das obtidas em consórcios com almeirão, rúcula ou com ambas as espécies, enquanto as produtividades do almeirão e da rúcula foram maiores no monocultivo. Entretanto, mesmo com perdas de produtividade pelo almeirão e rúcula, os índices de EUA foram maiores que 1,0 em todas as consorciações indicando a viabilidade do consórcio. Maior índice EUA (2,41) foi obtido no consórcio de almeirão-rúcula-couve.

ABSTRACT Vegetable intercropping systems use complementarity between species to increase agricultural profitability. This study evaluated the effects of intercropping chicory and arugula species with collard greens on crop yield and land use efficiency (LUE). Six treatments, consisting of species planted as monocultures or intercropped in various combinations, were evaluated in a randomized block design with four replicates. The cultivars ‘Top Bunch’ (collard greens), ‘Pão de Açúcar’ (chicory) and ‘Folha Larga’ (arugula) were used. The yield of collard greens in monoculture did not differ from those obtained when they were intercropped with chicory, arugula, or both species, whereas chicory and arugula yields were higher in monoculture. However, even with yield losses for chicory and arugula in intercropping, LUE indices were greater than 1.0 in all intercropping systems, indicating their viability. The highest LUE index (2.41) was obtained in the chicory-arugula-collard green intercropping system.

RESUMO O parcelamaneto da adubação nitrogenada pode ser uma estratégia eficiente de gerenciamento nutricional para melhorar a produtividade, qualidade das plantas e reduzir o impacto ambiental negativo causado pelas perdas de nitrogênio (N).Nesse contexto, o presente estudo investigou o efeito do manejo de N nas características agronômicas de plantas de rúcula cultivadas em campo. Foram avaliados nove tratamentos, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 + 1, com três repetições. Os fatores avaliados foram doses de N (60, 120, 180 e 240 kg ha-1 de N), parcelamento da adubação nitrogenada em cobertura (duas e três vezes) e um tratamento adicional sem a aplicação de N. Máxima altura foi obtida com a aplicação de 198 kg ha-1 de N. O aumento das doses de N promoveu o aumento do teor de nitrato, da massa fresca e da produtividade da rúcula. Não houve efeito do parcelamento da adubação nitrogenada em cobertura nas características avaliadas. Assim, o fornecimento de 240 kg ha-1 de N, aplicado em duas parcelas foi considerado como o melhor manejo.

ABSTRACT Splitting nitrogen (N) fertilizer application can be an efficient nutrient management technique to improve productivity and plant quality, as well as to reduce the negative environmental impact caused by N losses. In this context, the present study investigated how the management of N affects the agronomic characteristics of field-grown arugula plants. Nine treatments were assessed in a randomized complete block design, in a 4 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The evaluated factors were doses of N (60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N ha-1), split N fertilizer applications at side-dress (two and three times) and an additional treatment without a N supply. Maximum height was obtained with the application of 198 kg N ha-1. Nitrate content, fresh mass and productivity increased with increasing N doses. There was no effect of split N fertilizer applications on the characteristics evaluated. Therefore, the supply of 240 kg N ha-1 divided into two portions was considered as the best management strategy.

RESUMO O nitrogênio (N) é o segundo nutriente mais acumulado pela rúcula, o qual afeta sobremaneira o crescimento, produtividade e qualidade desta hortaliça. A rúcula é a segunda hortaliça folhosa mais cultivada em hidroponia; porém, não há estudos sobre como a concentração do N na solução nutritiva a afeta, tendo sido este o objetivo do presente estudo. Quatro concentrações (79,2; 118,8; 158,4 e 237,6 mg L-1 de N) foram avaliadas em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições. Máximos número de folhas, área foliar, massa seca e produtividade da rúcula ‘Folha larga’ foram obtidos com a maior concentração de N. A qualidade da rúcula, avaliada pelo teor de nitrato, foi máxima com 210,2 mg L-1 de N. Seu valor na concentração que maximizou a produtividade encontra-se na faixa aceitável para hortaliças; de modo que se recomenda o cultivo da rúcula com 237,6 mg L-1 de N na solução nutritiva.

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is the second most accumulated nutrient in rocket. This nutrient greatly affects growth, productivity and quality of the vegetable. Rocket is the second most widely grown leafy vegetable in hydroponic system; however, no studies on how N concentration in nutrient solution affects this crop can be found in literature. We studied four concentrations (79.2; 118.8; 158.4 and 237.6 mg L-1 of N) in a randomized block design with five replicates. Maximum number of leaves, leaf area, dry mass and productivity of rocket cv. ‘Folha larga’ were obtained with the highest N concentration. The rocket quality, evaluated by the nitrate content, was maximum with 210.2 mg L-1 of N and its value in the concentration which maximized productivity is in the acceptable range for vegetables; so, it is recommended to grow rocket with 237.6 mg L-1 of N in the nutrient solution.

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar a disponibilidade da informação sobre quantidade de açúcar e identificar sua posição na lista de ingredientes em alimentos industrializados. Este estudo caracteriza-se como transversal, com análise de todos os alimentos industrializados tradicionais, diet, light e zero comercializados em um hipermercado de grande porte, que contivessem na lista de ingredientes as palavras açúcar ou sacarose. A declaração da quantidade e a posição do açúcar na lista de ingredientes foram registrados após observação do rótulo. A informação de quantidade de açúcar também foi solicitada às indústrias de alimentos, por e-mail ou telefone. Foram analisados 2200 alimentos, sendo 2164 (98,4%) tradicionais e 36 (1,6%) diet, light e zero, nos quais a declaração da quantidade de açúcar foi observada em apenas 14,4% e 13,9% dos alimentos, respectivamente (p=0,84). Das 156 empresas contatadas, apenas 7,7% (n=12) disponibilizaram as informações solicitadas. Dentre os alimentos tradicionais, 75,8% apresentam o açúcar nas três primeiras posições da lista de ingredientes, enquanto nos diet, light e zero, 77,8% (p=0,93). Conclui-se que o açúcar é o principal ingrediente em grande parte dos alimentos analisados e que a disponibilidade de informação de sua quantidade é baixa.

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the provision of information on the amount of sugar and identify the position of sugar in the list of ingredients of processed foods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze all processed traditional and diet/light/zero food products sold in a hypermarket containing the word sugar or sucrose in the list of ingredients. The food labels were read and the position of sugar on the list of ingredients and presence, or absence, of information on the amount of sugar in the nutrition facts table were recorded. Information on the amount of sugar was also requested from the manufacturers by e-mail or telephone. A total of 2,200 food products were assessed, 2,164 (98.4%) of which were traditional foods and 36 (1.6%) diet/light/zero foods. The amount of sugar was declared in only 14.4% and 13.9% of these products, respectively (p=0.84). Only 7.7% (n=12) of the 156 companies contacted provided the requested information. Sugar was present in the first three positions of the list of ingredients in 75.8% of the traditional foods and 77.8% of the diet/light/zero foods (p=0.93). The data show that sugar was the main ingredient in the majority of the food products analyzed and that the level of provision of information on the amount of sugar is low.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os parasitas intestinais de felinos silvestres mortos em estradas nas regiões Norte Central e Norte, Paraná, sul do Brasil. Os animais foram monitorados por amostragem de transectos previamente estabelecidos. Os locais de atropelamento foram mapeados, os animais foram identificados e enviados para autópsias, durante as quais amostras de fezes foram coletadas e submetidas a técnicas coproparasitológicas de sedimentação espontânea, flutuação em solução hipersaturada de NaCl e flutuação por centrífugação em sulfato de zinco e fotografadas, quando estruturas parasitárias estavam presentes. Nas análises coproparasitológicas, foram identificados oocistos de Cystoisospora spp., ovos de Ancylostomatidae e Capillaria spp, Aelurostrongylus spp., Toxocara spp., Physaloptera spp., Taenia spp. e Spirometra spp.; larvas de Aelurostrongylus abstrusus; e ovos e adultos de Ancylostoma cati e Taenia spp. Um dos felídeos estava parasitado por Ctenocephalides felis felis. Com base nesses resultados, os animais analisados neste estudo forneceram amostras importantes para a avaliação da diversidade parasitária do Norte do Paraná e sugeriram que esta região pode apresentar condições que possibilitem a manutenção dos ciclos de vida desses parasitas no ambiente e entre a vida silvestre.

Abstract This study aimed to identify the intestinal parasites of road-killed wild felines in the North Central and North, Paraná state, southern Brazil. The animals were monitored by sampling previously established transects. The places where the felines were run over were mapped, the animals were identified, and the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated. The feces were submitted to coproparasitological techniques of spontaneous sedimentation, floating in hypersaturated NaCl solution and centrifugal floating in zinc sulfate. All the parasitic structures detected were photomicrographed. In the coproparasitological analyses were identified oocysts of Cystoisospora spp., eggs of Ancylostomatidae, and Capillaria spp.; eggs of Aelurostrongylus spp., Toxocara spp., Physaloptera spp., Taenia spp., and Spirometra spp.; Aelurostrongylus abstrusus larvae; and eggs and adults of Ancylostoma cati and Taenia spp. One of the cats was parasitized by a flea of Ctenocephalides felis felis. Based on these results, the animals analyzed in this study supplied important samples for the evaluation of parasitic diversity of North of Paraná and suggested that this region may have conditions that allow the maintenance of these parasites life cycles in the environment and among wildlife.

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar a disponibilidade da informação sobre quantidade de açúcar e identificar sua posição na lista de ingredientes em alimentos industrializados. Este estudo caracteriza-se como transversal, com análise de todos os alimentos industrializados tradicionais, diet, light e zero comercializados em um hipermercado de grande porte, que contivessem na lista de ingredientes as palavras açúcar ou sacarose. A declaração da quantidade e a posição do açúcar na lista de ingredientes foram registrados após observação do rótulo. A informação de quantidade de açúcar também foi solicitada às indústrias de alimentos, por e-mail ou telefone. Foram analisados 2200 alimentos, sendo 2164 (98,4%) tradicionais e 36 (1,6%) diet, light e zero, nos quais a declaração da quantidade de açúcar foi observada em apenas 14,4% e 13,9% dos alimentos, respectivamente (p=0,84). Das 156 empresas contatadas, apenas 7,7% (n=12) disponibilizaram as informações solicitadas. Dentre os alimentos tradicionais, 75,8% apresentam o açúcar nas três primeiras posições da lista de ingredientes, enquanto nos diet, light e zero, 77,8% (p=0,93). Conclui-se que o açúcar é o principal ingrediente em grande parte dos alimentos analisados e que a disponibilidade de informação de sua quantidade é baixa.

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the provision of information on the amount of sugar and identify the position of sugar in the list of ingredients of processed foods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze all processed traditional and diet/light/zero food products sold in a hypermarket containing the word sugar or sucrose in the list of ingredients. The food labels were read and the position of sugar on the list of ingredients and presence, or absence, of information on the amount of sugar in the nutrition facts table were recorded. Information on the amount of sugar was also requested from the manufacturers by e-mail or telephone. A total of 2,200 food products were assessed, 2,164 (98.4%) of which were traditional foods and 36 (1.6%) diet/light/zero foods. The amount of sugar was declared in only 14.4% and 13.9% of these products, respectively (p=0.84). Only 7.7% (n=12) of the 156 companies contacted provided the requested information. Sugar was present in the first three positions of the list of ingredients in 75.8% of the traditional foods and 77.8% of the diet/light/zero foods (p=0.93). The data show that sugar was the main ingredient in the majority of the food products analyzed and that the level of provision of information on the amount of sugar is low.

RESUMO Em sistemas intensivos de cultivo de hortaliças é natural o aumento de teores de nutrientes no solo devido às frequentes aplicações de fertilizantes, em especial de fósforo (P). Existem poucos estudos sobre a resposta das olerícolas à fertilização fosfatada nessas condições. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronômico da rúcula em função da adubação fosfatada em Latossolo com elevado teor do nutriente. Cinco doses de P (0, 50, 100, 200 e 300 kg ha-1 de P2O5) foram avaliados em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Máximo teor de P no solo e teor de P na parte aérea na colheita foram obtidos com a aplicação de 300 kg ha-1 de P2O5. A rúcula respondeu negativamente à adubação fosfatada. O aumento das doses de P promoveu redução da altura e produtividade da cultura.

ABSTRACT In intensive vegetable production systems, it is natural to increase nutrient contents in the soil due to the frequent fertiliser applications, especially phosphorus (P). There are few studies on the response of vegetables to phosphate fertilisation under such conditions. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of rocket as a function of phosphorus fertilisation in a P-rich Rhodic Eutrudox soil. Five P doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1 P2O5) were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with four replicates. Maximum soil P content and shoot P content at harvest were obtained at a dose of 300 kg ha-1 P2O5. Rocket responded negatively to P fertilisation. The increase of P doses promoted the decrease of height and yield of the crop.