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Abstract This study aimed to identify dietary patterns and to evaluate the association between body image perception and these patterns among schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 schoolchildren (both sexes, 10-17 years old) from four public schools in Salvador, Brazil. Two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls were applied, and the dietary pattern was determined by Exploratory Factor Analysis after adjustment of dietary data using the Multiple Source Method. To evaluate body image perception, the Brazilian body shape silhouette was used. The associations between body image perception and dietary patterns using the polytomous logistic regression model adjusted for covariables was assessed. Three dietary patterns were obtained: “Western standard,” unhealthy, “healthy pattern” and “typical dishes/ junk food.” After adjustment, adolescents who wished for a slimmer silhouette (2.48 [95%CI: 1.04-6.11], 3.49 [95%CI: 1.35-9.05] and 2.87 [95%CI: 1.13-7.26]) were more likely to adhere to the quintiles with the lowest consumption of the Western standard, compared to those satisfied with their body image. No associations were identified in the other two dietary patterns. Adolescents dissatisfied with their bodies tend to adhere less to unhealthy dietary patterns.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou identificar padrões alimentares e avaliar a associação entre percepção da imagem corporal e esses padrões em escolares. Um estudo transversal foi conduzido em 385 escolares (ambos os sexos, 10-17 anos de idade) de 4 escolas públicas de Salvador, Brasil. Dois recordatórios alimentares de 24h não consecutivos foram aplicados e o padrão alimentar foi determinado por Análise Fatorial Exploratória, após ajuste dos dados dietéticos pelo Multiple Source Method. Para avaliar percepção da imagem corporal, nós usamos uma escala brasileira de silhuetas. Avaliamos as associações entre percepção da imagem corporal e padrões alimentares usando o modelo de regressão logística politômica ajustado para covariáveis. Três padrões alimentares foram obtidos: “padrão ocidental”, “padrão saudável” e “comidas típicas/junk food”. Após ajuste, adolescentes que desejavam uma silhueta menor (2,48 [IC95%: 1,04-6,11], 3,49 [IC95%: 1,35-9,05] e 2,87 [IC95%: 1,13-7,26]) tinham mais chances de aderir aos quintis de menor consumo do padrão ocidental, comparados àqueles satisfeitos com sua imagem corporal. Nenhuma associação foi identificada nos outros dois padrões alimentares. Adolescentes insatisfeitos com seus corpos tendem a aderir menos a padrões alimentares não saudáveis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232024292.19792022

Impacts of technology on children’s health: a systematic review
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Ricci, Raquel Cordeiro

; Paulo, Aline Souza Costa de

; Freitas, Alisson Kelvin Pereira Borges de

; Ribeiro, Isabela Crispim

; Pires, Leonardo Siqueira Aprile

; Facina, Maria Eduarda Leite

; Cabral, Milla Bitencourt

; Parduci, Natália Varreira

; Spegiorin, Rafaela Caldato

; Bogado, Sannye Sabrina González

; Chociay Junior, Sergio

; Carachesti, Talita Navarro

; Larroque, Mônica Mussolini

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2023, Volume 41 elocation e2020504

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar as consequências do uso excessivo da tecnologia na infância. Fontes de dados: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed (National Library of Medicine — National Institutes of Health) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) com artigos publicados de 2015 a 2020, em inglês, português e espanhol, utilizando os termos internet, child e growth and development. Síntese dos dados: Foram localizados 554 artigos, resultando em oito artigos incluídos nesta pesquisa. Os estudos foram avaliados quanto à sua qualidade metodológica pelos critérios Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (Strobe) e Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (Consort) e receberam pontuações que variaram de 17 a 22 pontos. Os artigos evidenciaram que há fatores positivos e negativos associados ao uso de tecnologias na infância, embora a maioria dos textos ressalte seu aspecto prejudicial. O uso excessivo de internet, jogos e exposição à televisão ocasionaram alterações intelectuais e da saúde mental, porém também possibilitaram o desenvolvimento psicossocial. Conclusões: Impedir o uso da internet é uma medida utópica, visto que a sociedade faz uso de tecnologias. Considerando que a internet pode trazer benefícios, mas também malefícios, são importantes a otimização do uso e a redução dos riscos, como a participação dos pais e responsáveis como moderadores dessa utilização, além da atualização dos profissionais da saúde para melhor orientá-los.

Abstract Objective: To identify the consequences of technology overuse in childhood. Data source: A systematic review was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed (National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health) and BVS (Virtual Health Library), considering articles published from 2015 to 2020, in English, Portuguese and Spanish using the terms “Internet”, “Child” and “Growth and Development”. Data synthesis: 554 articles were found and 8 were included in the analysis. The studies’ methodological quality was assessed by the Strobe and Consort criteria, being scored from 17 to 22 points. The articles showed positive and negative factors associated with the use of technology in childhood, although most texts emphasize the harmful aspects. Excessive use of internet, games and exposure to television are associated with intellectual deficits and mental health issues, but can also enable psychosocial development. Conclusions: Preventing the use of the internet is a utopic measure ever since society makes use of technologies. The internet is associated with benefits as well as with harms. It is important to optimize the use of internet and reduce risks with the participation of parents and caregivers as moderators, and training of health professionals to better guide them.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2020504

Longitudinal analyses of composite resin restoration on erosive lesions: effect of dentin treatment with a chitosan nanoformulation containing green tea
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Reis, Renato Gonçalves dos

; Tedesco, Antônio Cláudio

; Curylofo-Zotti, Fabiana Almeida

; Cortez, Thiago Vinicius

; Borges, Hiago Salge

; Souza-Gabriel, Aline Evangelista

; Corona, Silmara Aparecida Milori

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences

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2023, Volume 22 elocation e236839

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Aim To evaluate the influence of the biomodification of erosive lesions with a chitosan nanoformulation containing green tea (NanoCsQ) on the clinical performance of a composite resin. Methods The study was performed in a split-mouth, randomized and double-blinded model with 20 patients with 40 erosive lesions. The patient’s teeth were randomized into two groups (n=20) according to the surface treatment: 1) Without biomodification (control), and 2) Biomodification with NanoCsQ solution (experimental). The lesions were restored with adhesive (Tetric N-bond, Ivoclar) and composite resin (IPS Empress Direct, Ivoclar). The restorations were polished and 7 days (baseline), 6 months, and 12 months later were evaluated according to the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) modified criteria, using clinical exam and photographics. Data were analyzed by Friedman’s and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results No significant differences were found between the control and experimental groups (p=0.423), and also among the follow-up periods (baseline, six months, and 12 months) (p=0.50). Regarding the retention criteria, 90% of the restoration had an alpha score in the control group. Only 10% of the restorations without biomodification (control) had a score charlie at the 12-month follow-up. None of the patients reported post-operatory sensitivity. Conclusion The NanoCsQ solution did not negatively affect the performance of the composite resin restorations after 12 months.

https://doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v22i00.8666839

Diet Quality and Associated Factors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Patients with and without Diabetes at a Specialized Outpatient Clinic in the City of Pelotas, Brazil
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Dobke, Fernanda Vighi

; Longo, Aline

; Ribas, Bruna Luiza Paulina

; Weber, Bernardete

; Bertoldi, Eduardo Gehling

; Borges, Lúcia Rota

; Bertacco, Renata Torres Abib

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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2023, Volume 36 elocation e20200323

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background In most cases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is preventable through primary prevention and control of traditional risk factors, such as smoking cessation, regular physical activity, and adherence to healthy dietary patterns. The assessment of diet quality of ACVD patients would be important for a dietary intervention. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate diet quality of ACVD patients and its association with clinical conditions. Methods This cross-sectional study was nested within a randomized clinical trial entitled “Programa Alimentar Cardioprotetor Brasileiro.” Baseline data of 80 patients from Pelotas, Brazil, were obtained. Food consumption was assessed using 24-h food recall and the Revised Diet Quality Index (IQD-R). Data on smoking status and comorbidities were reported by the patients during medical history taking. To analyze the associations between IQD-R and clinical variables, unpaired Student’s t-test or the analysis of variance was performed. The significance level was 5%. Results Most of the sample consisted of men (66.5%), elderly individuals (52.50%), patients with hypertension (78.75%), dyslipidemia (58.75%), and overweight (73.75%). The average IQD-R score was 56.7 ± 12.6 points. Better quality of diet was observed for patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes (61.1 ± 11.8 versus 54.0 ± 12.6 points; p=0.014). Conclusion There is a need to improve diet quality of ACVD patients. Patients ACVD and diabetes had better diet quality compared to those without diabetes.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20200323

Parental oral health literacy influences preschool children's utilization of dental services
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Menoncin, Bruna Leticia Vessoni

; Crema, Aline Fabris de Araujo

; Ferreira, Fernanda de Morais

; Zandoná, Andrea Ferreira

; Menezes, Jose Vitor Nogara Borges de

; Fraiz, Fabian Calixto

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e090

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Parental behavior towards their children's oral health is strongly influenced by parent's Oral Health Literacy (OHL) level. This study evaluated the impact of parental OHL on preschool children's utilization of dental services. A cross-sectional study was conducted with parents of 419 children aged 3 to 5 years who answered a self-administered questionnaire about their perception of their children's oral health and whether their children had already been to a dental visit. Parental OHL level was assessed by the validated version of the Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire (OHL-AQ) translated into Brazilian Portuguese. Univariate and multivariate Poisson regression analyses with robust variance were used for the data analysis (α = 0.05). Most children had already been to a dental visit (73%). Overall, 31.7% of the parents or guardians reported that their children had experienced dental pain or dental caries. Parental OHL level was classified by tercile as low, medium, and high. The final model showed independent associations between children who had already been to a dental visit and higher parental OHL level (PR = 1.16; 95%CI = 1.00-1.35) when compared to the lowest OHL level, higher parental educational level (PR = 1.39; 95%CI = 1.03–1.87) when compared to lower educational level, the report of children's pain and dental caries (PR = 1.22; 95%CI = 1.09–1.36) and married parents or parents in a common-law marriage (PR = 1.17; 95%CI = 1.03–1.93). The prevalence of children who had already been to a dental visit was higher among those parents with a higher OHL level when compared to those with a lower OHL level.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0090

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Falls in older adults: a practical approach
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Pereira, Cristiana Borges

; Kanashiro, Aline Mizuta Kozoroski

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Mai 2022, Volume 80 Nº 5 Páginas 313 - 323

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Antecedentes: As quedas são um grande problema de saúde pública, uma vez que são uma importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade. A avaliação do risco de queda e a prescrição de intervenções preventivas podem ser tarefas desafiadoras. Objetivo: Estudo visa sintetizar as informações mais relevantes sobre o tema “quedas em idosos” e apresentar uma visão crítica e uma abordagem da prática clínica neste tema. Métodos: Em março de 2022, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica no Pubmed, utilizando-se os termos “fall elder”, fall prevention”, “fall risk”, com os seguintes parâmetros s: 5 anos, revisão, revisão sistemática, meta-análise, diretrizes práticas. Resultados: Há inúmeros fatores de risco para quedas que podem ser agrupados em diferentes domínios (psicossocial, demográfico, condições clínicas, uso de medicamentos, comportamental, ambiental). A avaliação clínica de um idoso propenso a queda deve incluir a identificação de fatores de risco por meio da história e exame físico e identificação do risco de queda por meio de um instrumento de avaliação como velocidade da marcha, teste de alcance funcional, timed up and go, teste de equilíbrio de Berg, escala miniBEST. As estratégias de prevenção de quedas podem ser únicas ou múltiplas, sendo a atividade física a mais citada. Tecnologias podem ser usadas para detectar e prevenir quedas. Conclusão: Uma abordagem sistemática ao paciente idoso em risco de queda é possível, deve ser realizada e pode impactar na prevenção de quedas.

ABSTRACT Background: Falls are a major problem in public health since they are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. To evaluate the risk of fall and prescribe preventive interventions may be a challenging task. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to summarize the most relevant information on the topic “falls in the elderly” and to give a critical view and practical clinical approach on this topic. Methods: In March 2022, a search of Pubmed database was performed, using the terms “fall elderly”, fall prevention”, “fall risk”, with the following parameters: five years, review, systematic review, meta-analysis, practice guidelines. Results: There are several risk factors for falls that can be grouped in different areas (psychosocial, demographic, medical, medication, behavioral, environmental). The clinical evaluation of an older adult prone to falls must include identification of risk factors through history and examination and identification of risk of falls through an assessment tool such as gait velocity, functional reach test, timed up and go, Berg balance test, and miniBEST test. Fall prevention strategies can be single or multiple, and physical activity is the most cited. Technology can be used to detect and prevent falls. Conclusion: A systematic approach to the older patient in risk of falls is feasible and may impact fall prevention.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2022-s107

Frequency of exposure to arboviruses and characterization of Guillain Barré syndrome in a clinical cohort of patients treated at a tertiary referral center in Brasília, Federal District
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Matos, Luíza Morais de

; Borges, Ariely Teotonio

; Palmeira, Aline Barbosa

; Lima, Vinicius Moreira

; Maciel, Ernane Pires

; Fernandez, Rubens Nelson Morato

; Mendes, João Pedro Lima

; Romero, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0306-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Guillian Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy often associated with previous exposure to infectious agents. Methods: A clinical cohort of 41 patients with GBS admitted to the Base Hospital Institute of the Federal District between May 2017 and April 2019 was followed up for 1 year. Serological tests for arbovirus detection and amplification of nucleic acids using polymerase chain reaction for zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) were performed. Results: The cohort consisted of 61% men with a median age of 40 years, and 83% had GBS-triggering events. A total of 54% had Grade 4 disability, 17% had Grade 3, 12% had Grade 2, 10% had Grade 5, and 7% had Grade 1. The classic form occurred in 83% of patients. Nerve conduction evaluations revealed acute demyelinating inflammatory polyneuropathy (51%), acute motor axonal neuropathy (17%), acute sensory-motor neuropathy (15%), and indeterminate forms (17%). Four patients were seropositive for DENV. There was no laboratory detection of ZIKV or CHIKV infection. Ninety percent of patients received human immunoglobulin. Intensive care unit admission occurred in 17.1% of the patients, and mechanical ventilation was used in 14.6%. One patient died of Bickerstaff’s encephalitis. Most patients showed an improvement in disability at 10 weeks of follow-up. Conclusions: GBS in the Federal District showed a variable clinical spectrum, and it was possible to detect recent exposure to DENV.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0306-2021

Persea americana Mill.: Evaluation of cytogenotoxicity and phytochemical prospection of leaf extracts
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Pastura, Danilo Giovanni Narciso

; Sousa, Jaqueline das Virgens

; Silva, Mayara Christine

; Matos, Aline Ferreira

; Santos, Hataânderson Luiz Cabral dos

; Pereira, Gabriela Lopes

; Rocha, Ellen Borges da

; Alves, Raphael Santiago

; Bastos, Leonardo de Oliveira

; Pires, Lucas de Oliveira

; Castro, Rosane Nora

; Borba, Helcio Resende

; Lima, Viviane Moreira de

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2022, Volume 58 elocation e19261

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Persea americana Mill., belonging to the family Lauraceae, is noteworthy for the large amount of ethnopharmacological information in its regard, attributing to it many and varied medicinal properties. The tea and alcoholic extracts made from its leaves are used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. This study was designed to analyze the cytogenotoxicity and underlying chemistry of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of avocado leaves, using the Allium cepa and micronucleus tests. The results obtained by applying the experimental models demonstrate that the extracts did not have a genotoxic effect at any of the concentrations analyzed, and even demonstrated a certain protective effect, possibly due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols, both of which are antioxidant substances. However, the extracts did present a cytotoxic effect. There were numerous karyorrhectic cells and those with nuclear alterations related to cell death. At the highest concentrations, it was possible to observe cytoplasmic alterations and binucleated cells. The extracts also caused a significant reduction in the number of cells undergoing division. These effects can be a response to the phytochemical agents present in the extracts. The results suggest that the extracts contain bioactive components that deserve further studies related to cancer therapies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e19261

10.

Sales of “COVID kit” drugs and adverse drug reactions reported by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency
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Hentschke-Lopes, Marina

; Botton, Mariana R.

; Borges, Pâmella

; Freitas, Martiela

; Mancuso, Aline Castello Branco

; Matte, Ursula

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 Nº 7 elocation e00001022

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

No Brasil, o uso off label de azitromicina, hidroxicloroquina e ivermectina (o “kit-COVID”) foi sugerido para tratar COVID-19 sem que tivéssemos evidências clínicas ou científicas de sua eficácia. Estas drogas têm causado reações adversas (RA) em quem as tomam. Este estudo almejou analisar se a venda dos medicamentos que compõem o “kit-COVID” correlaciona-se com o número relatado de RAs após o início da pandemia da COVID-19. Os dados sobre vendas e RA associados a azitromicina, hidroxicloroquina e ivermectina foram obtidos no site da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) para todos os estados brasileiros. Comparamos o período entre março de 2019 e fevereiro de 2020 (antes da pandemia) ao de março de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021 (durante a pandemia). Ajustamos tendências para os dados de séries temporais e as análises de correlação cruzada para investigar a correlação entre vendas e RA em um mesmo mês (lag 0) e nos seguintes (lag 1 e 2). O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi utilizado para avaliar a magnitude das correlações. Após o início da pandemia, as vendas de todos os medicamentos investigados aumentaram significativamente (69,75% para azitromicina, 10.856.481,39% para hidroxicloroquina e 12.291.129,32% para ivermectina). Os níveis de RAs de todos os medicamentos (com exceção de azitromicina) eram zero antes da pandemia mas aumentaram após seu início. A análise de correlação cruzada foi significativa no lag 1 para todas as drogas em todo o país. A correlação de Spearman foi moderada para azitromicina e hidroxicloroquina, mas ausente para ivermectina. Os dados devem ser interpretados com cautela, uma vez que não realizamos uma busca ativa por RA. Nossos resultados mostram que o uso aumentado e indiscriminado do “kit-COVID” durante a pandemia se correlaciona com uma ocorrência aumentada de RAs.

Off-label use of azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, and ivermectin (the “COVID kit”) has been suggested for COVID-19 treatment in Brazil without clinical or scientific evidence of efficacy. These drugs have known adverse drug reactions (ADR). This study aimed to analyze if the sales of drugs in the “COVID kit” are correlated to the reported number of ADR after the COVID-19 pandemic began. Data was obtained from the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) website on reported sales and ADRs for azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, and ivermectin for all Brazilian states. The period from March 2019 to February 2020 (before the pandemic) was compared to that from March 2020 to February 2021 (during the pandemic). Trend adjustment was performed for time series data and cross-correlation analysis to investigate correlation between sales and ADR within the same month (lag 0) and in the following months (lag 1 and lag 2). Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess the magnitude of the correlations. After the pandemic onset, sales of all investigated drugs increased significantly (69.75% for azithromycin, 10,856,481.39% for hydroxychloroquine, and 12,291,129.32% for ivermectin). ADR levels of all medications but azithromycin were zero before the pandemic, but increased after its onset. Cross-correlation analysis was significant in lag 1 for all drugs nationwide. Spearman’s correlation was moderate for azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine but absent for ivermectin. Data must be interpreted cautiously since no active search for ADR was performed. Our results show that the increased and indiscriminate use of ”COVID kit“ during the pandemic correlates to an increased occurrence of ADRs.

Se ha sugerido el uso fuera de lo establecido de azitromicina, hidroxicloroquina e ivermectina (el “kit-COVID”) para el tratamiento de la COVID-19 en Brasil sin evidencia clínica o científica de su eficacia. Estos medicamentos tienen reacciones adversas (RAM) conocidas. Este estudio pretendía analizar si las ventas de medicamentos del “kit-COVID” están correlacionadas con el número de reacciones adversas notificadas tras el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19. Los datos se obtuvieron del sitio web de la Agencia Nacional de Vigilancia Sanitaria (Anvisa) sobre las ventas y las RAM notificadas para la azitromicina, la hidroxicloroquina y la ivermectina para todos los estados brasileños. Se comparó el periodo de marzo de 2019 a febrero de 2020 (antes de la pandemia) con el de marzo de 2020 a febrero de 2021 (durante la pandemia). Se realizó un ajuste de tendencia para los datos de las series de tiempo y un análisis de correlación cruzada para investigar la correlación entre las ventas y la RAM dentro del mismo mes (lag 0) y en los meses siguientes (lag 1 y lag 2). Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman para evaluar la magnitud de las correlaciones. Tras el inicio de la pandemia, las ventas de todos los medicamentos investigados aumentaron significativamente (69,75% para la azitromicina, 10.856.481,39% para la hidroxicloroquina y 12.291.129,32% para la ivermectina). Los niveles de RAM de todos los medicamentos, excepto la azitromicina, eran nulos antes de la pandemia, pero aumentaron tras su inicio. El análisis de correlación cruzada fue significativo en el lag 1 para todos los medicamentos a nivel nacional. La correlación de Spearman fue moderada para la azitromicina y la hidroxicloroquina, pero no para la ivermectina. Los datos deben interpretarse con cautela, ya que no se realizó una búsqueda activa de RAM. Nuestros resultados muestran que el uso creciente e indiscriminado del “kit-COVID” durante la pandemia se correlaciona con una mayor aparición de las RAM.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xen001022

11.

CARTOGRAFIA DOS SERVIÇOS DE ACOLHIMENTO AO ACADÊMICO EM SOFRIMENTO PSÍQUICO NAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS
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Medeiros, Lisandra Rodrigues de

; Rodrigues, Kevin Christian do Carmo

; Queiroz, Aline Macêdo de

; Florencio, Raíssa Millena Silva

; Silva, Andrey Ferreira da

; Borges, Alvaro Macedo

Cogitare Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 27 elocation e75756

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear os serviços de acolhimento em saúde mental ofertados aos acadêmicos pelas universidades públicas brasileiras. Método: pesquisa documental apresentada como cartografia das universidades públicas presenciais brasileiras. Os dados foram coletados de agosto a outubro de 2019 no site do Ministério da Educação, segundo as variáveis: informações sobre o serviço de acolhimento, modalidade de acesso, atividades ofertadas, distribuição geográfica das universidades que ofertam o serviço no Brasil. Resultados: das 107 universidades, 73 referem ter um serviço de acolhimento em saúde mental, e destas, 43 informam a modalidade de acesso, sendo a maioria o agendamento, e os tipos de atividades desenvolvidas, com respeito ao Plantão Psicológico. Considerações Finais: com o aumento de sofrimento psíquico entre acadêmicos, é missão da academia dialogar e acolher essa demanda. O estudo contribui alertando para a necessidade da expansão desses serviços.

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the welcoming services in Mental Health offered to students by Brazilian public universities. Method: a documentary research study presented as a cartography of the Brazilian public universities that offer in-person courses. The data were collected from August to October 2019 on the Ministry of Education website, according to the following variables: information about the welcoming service, access modality, activities offered; and geographic distribution of the universities offering the service in Brazil. Results: of the 107 universities, 73 report having a welcoming service in Mental Health and, of these, 43 indicate the access modality, mostly through appointment scheduling, and the types of activities developed with respect to Psychological Emergency Care. Final Considerations: with the increase in psychological distress among students, it is the university’s duty to be an interlocutor and welcome this demand. The study contributes by warning about the need to expand these services.

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear los servicios de recepción en Salud Mental que ofrecen las universidades públicas de Brasil a sus estudiantes. Método: investigación documental presentada en la forma de una cartografía de las universidades públicas con carreras presenciales de Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron entre agosto y octubre de 2019 en el sitio web del Ministerio de Educación, de acuerdo con las siguientes variables: información sobre el servicio de recepción, modalidad de acceso, actividades ofrecidas y distribución geográfica de las universidades que ofrecen el servicio en Brasil. Resultados: de las 107 universidades, 73 informan tener un servicio de recepción en salud mental y, de estas, 43 indican la modalidad de acceso, la mayoría por medio de cita previa, y los tipos de actividades que se desarrollan, con respecto a la Psicología de emergencia. Consideraciones Finales: dado el incremento en los índices de padecimiento psicológico entre los estudiantes, la misión de las universidades es ser interlocutores y receptores de dicha demanda. El aporte del estudio es advertir acerca de la necesidad de expandir estos servicios.

https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.75756

12.

Sales of “COVID kit” drugs and adverse drug reactions reported by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency
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Hentschke-Lopes, Marina

; Botton, Mariana R.

; Borges, Pâmella

; Freitas, Martiela

; Mancuso, Aline Castello Branco

; Matte, Ursula

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 Nº 7 elocation e00001022

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xen001022

13.

Phytochemical and pharmacological reports of the hypoglycemic activity of the Moringa oleifera extracts
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Santos, Ariana da Silva

; Pimentel, Anderson Lopes

; Oliveira, João Victor Lessa de

; Silva, Michelle Teixeira da

; Silva, Fernanda Geny Calheiros

; Borges, Arthur Luy Tavares Ferreira

; Moura, Maria Aline Fidelis Barros de

; Silva, Sâmia Andrícia Souza da

; Nascimento, Ticiano Gomes do

Rodriguésia

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2022, Volume 73 elocation e01262021

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Moringa oleífera Lam. é uma planta arbórea pertencente à família Moringaceae distribuída em áreas tropicais e que tem ganhado enorme atenção nas últimas décadas. Esta pesquisa é uma revisão sobre a associação entre extratos aquosos de folhas de M. oleifera e diabetes mellitus e compreender suas funções farmacológicas e mecanismos subjacentes. O refinamento da pesquisa demonstrou o potencial farmacêutico da M. oleifera e seus fitoquímicos, dado seu efeito antidiabético. A análise prospectiva mostrou a quantidade de aplicação dentro do IPC A61K na área da saúde. Os metabólitos secundários presentes em M. oleifera, glucosinolatos, flavonóides e compostos fenólicos podem ser responsáveis, em parte, pelas ações hipoglicemiantes de controle da doença. Os glucosinolatos, quando metabolizados por enzimas salivares, dão origem a sulforafanos que atuam na prevenção do diabetes tipo 2 e na redução da resistência à insulina. Os flavonóides interagem com as enzimas intestinais modificando o metabolismo dos carboidratos, regulando os níveis glicêmicos, além de aumentar a sensibilidade à insulina. Os compostos fenólicos aumentam a expressão dos transportadores de glicose (GLUT4) e reduzem a síntese de ácidos graxos e colesterol, contribuindo para a redução da resistência à glicose e controle da glicemia. Moringa oleifera pode ser usada como terapia complementar do diabetes tipo 2.

Abstract Moringa oleifera is an arboreal plant belonging to the family Moringaceae distributed in tropical areas and has gained enormous attention in the last decades. This research is a review on the association between aqueous extracts of M. oleifera leaves and diabetes mellitus and understanding its pharmacological functions and underlying mechanisms. The research refinement demonstrated the pharmaceutical potential of M. oleifera and its phytochemicals, given its antidiabetic effect. The prospective analysis showed the amount of application within IPC A61K in health area. The secondary metabolites present in M. oleifera, glucosinolates, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds may be responsible, in part, for the disease control hypoglycemic actions. Glucosinolates, when metabolized by salivary enzymes, give rise to sulforaphanes that act in preventing type 2 diabetes and in reducing insulin resistance. Flavonoids interact with intestinal enzymes by modifying carbohydrate metabolism by regulating glycemic levels, in addition to increasing insulin sensitivity. Phenolic compounds increase the expression of glucose transporters (GLUT4) and reduce the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, contributing to the reduction of glucose resistance and blood sugar control. Moringa oleifera can be used as complementary therapy of the type-2 diabetes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273090

14.

Diet Quality and Associated Factors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Patients with and without Diabetes at a Specialized Outpatient Clinic in the City of Pelotas, Brazil
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Dobke, Fernanda Vighi

; Longo, Aline

; Ribas, Bruna Luiza Paulina

; Weber, Bernardete

; Bertoldi, Eduardo Gehling

; Borges, Lúcia Rota

; Bertacco, Renata Torres Abib

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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2022, Nº ahead

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20200323

15.

Factors associated to serum paraoxonase 1 activity in patients with cardiovascular disease
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Longo, Aline

; Veiga, Gabriel Barreto

; Cousen, Maria Isabel Schiavon

; Karpinski, Caroline

; Schneider, Augusto

; Weber, Bernardete

; Bertoldi, Eduardo Gehling

; Borges, Lucia Rota

; Bertacco, Renata Torres Abib

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Dez 2021, Volume 65 Nº 6 Páginas 676 - 683

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme that has antioxidant potential, which confers a protective effect against the atherosclerotic process. However, studies associating genetics, dietary patterns and PON1 activity in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are scarce. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of dietary factors on serum PON1 in CVD patients. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional, sub-study of the BALANCE Program Trial. All patients aged 45 years or older and had evidence of established atherosclerotic disease in the preceding 10 years. Body weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting glucose were collected. Food intake was assessed with 24-h dietary recall. Data was analyzed using SAS University Edition and a P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Sample was divided into three groups, according to the PON1 T(-107)C genotype (CC, CT and TT) and serum PON1 activity (Low, Medium, High). Results: There were no genotype differences for major factors. However, the systolic blood pressure was lower for CT individuals (p<0.05). Intake of cholesterol, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAS) was higher in patients with lower PON1 activity. Lipid ingestion tended to be higher in patients with lower PON1 activity (p=0.08). In the multivariate logistic regression model, SFA intake (P=0.03), genotype (P=0.09), gender (P=0.04), age (P=0.07) and carbohydrate intake (P=0.16) contributed the most to the serum PON1 activity. Conclusion: Based on these findings, nutritional guidance for these patients becomes essential, since dietary components interact with serum PON1 activity more than genotype.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000354 2 downloads

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