RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a efetividade do treinamento auditivo acusticamente controlado na fluência da fala em crianças com diagnóstico de gagueira desenvolvimental. Dois pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação da fluência da fala, avaliação audiológica básica e avaliação do processamento auditivo central, antes e depois da intervenção por meio da plataforma digital. Participaram da pesquisa dois indivíduos do sexo masculino (P1 e P2), com 8 e 9 anos respectivamente, ambos com lateralidade manual destra, ambos falantes nativos do Português Brasileiro e com diagnóstico de gagueira desenvolvimental, sendo P1 com grau de gravidade moderada e o P2 leve a moderada. Houve melhora em algumas habilidades auditivas, contudo não houve melhora no padrão da fluência da fala nos dois casos estudados.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of the acoustically controlled auditory training on the speech fluency of children diagnosed with developmental stuttering. Two patients were submitted to speech fluency evaluation, basic audiological assessment, and central auditory processing assessment, before and after the intervention with the digital platform. Two male individuals (P1 and P2) participated in the research. They were respectively 8 and 9 years old, both were right-handed, native Brazilian Portuguese speakers, diagnosed with developmental stuttering, P1 presenting a moderate, and P2, a mild-to-moderate degree. There was an improvement in some auditory skills. However, there was no improvement in the speech fluency pattern in neither of the cases studied.

Resumo Entre os nematodas de Cerdocyon thous, o gênero Pterygodermatites é característico por apresentar projeções cuticulares ao longo do corpo, sendo citado em diferentes hospedeiros na América do Sul, porém, sem registros de sua ocorrência no Bioma Amazônia. Passível de maior exploração quanto à sua morfologia e morfometria, os nematoides colhidos de cadáveres de C. thous foram fixados e observados em microscopia de campo claro e microscopia eletrônica de varredura, revelando características compatíveis com P. (Multipectines) affinis. Com isso contribuiu com mais informações sobre a distribuição geográfica do parasito, bem como o conhecimento da fauna helmintológica de mamíferos selvagens na Amazônia brasileira.

Abstract Among the Nematodes of Cerdocyon thous, the genus Pterygodermatites is characteristic for presenting cuticular projections along the body, being mentioned in different hosts in South America, although there are no records of its occurrence in the Amazon Biome. To enable further exploration in terms of their morphology and morphometry, the nematodes collected from cadavers of C. thous were fixed and observed using bright field microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, revealing characteristics compatible with P. (Multipectines) affinis, thus contributing more information about the geographic distribution of the parasite, as well as knowledge of the helminthological fauna of wild mammals in the Brazilian Amazon.

Abstract Behavioral intelligence among non-human primates is a somewhat puzzling area to study, since it is closely linked to the morphology of the central nervous system. However, this morphology is still unknown to science in the case of Saimiri collinsi. As a means of assisting future studies on the social behavior of this species, we analyzed the brains of six adult females from the National Primate Center / Pará, which were sent to the Animal Morphological Research Laboratory at the Federal Rural University of Amazônia after death by natural causes. The animals were fixed in formaldehyde solution (10%) and dissected. The brains were covered externally by the dura mater, with long cerebral hemispheres, although there was a complete absence of gyri. The internal structures which form a part of the telencephalon, diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain and myelencephalon were identified, with the exception of the mammillary bodies. This condition, when linked to the lissencephaly found in these individuals raises questions about the real learning abilities of this species.

ABSTRACT The wall of the diaphragm can be affected by changes caused by physical trauma, allowing the passage of viscera between the abdominal cavity and thoracic cavity, thus reducing the space for pulmonary expansion, leading to the formation of hernia and possible death. Thus, we aimed to characterize, size and determine the topography of the diaphragmatic muscle in the Southern Tamandua, since clinical and surgical activities in wild animals have become a reality more and more present in veterinary medicine. We used six adult animals, x-rayed and dissected, followed by collection of fragments of muscular portions for histological analysis. Initially we observed that the animals presented 17 thoracic vertebrae, 3 lumbar vertebrae and 5 sacral vertebrae. The diaphragm was conformed by three segments: sternal, costal and right and left diaphragm pillar, with presence of tendinous centre that housed the passage of the caudal vena cava, called foramen of the caudal vena cava. Dorsally to the tendinous centre, already in the muscle portion, we located the esophageal and aortic hiatus. These findings, as well as the microscopic, were equivalent to that found in the general literature also, corroborating with descriptions already carried out in other mammals’ diaphragms.

ABSTRACT The 1,2-naphthoquinone compound was previously considered active against solid tumors. Moreover, glycosidase inhibitors such as 1,2,3-1H triazoles has been pointed out as efficient compounds in anticancer activity studies. Thus, a series of eleven 1,2-naphthoquinones tethered in C2 to 1,2,3-1H-triazoles 9a-k were designed, synthesized and their cytotoxic activity evaluated using HCT-116 (colon adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) and RPE (human nontumor cell line from retinal epithelium). The chemical synthesis was performed from C-3 allylation of lawsone followed by iodocyclization with subsequent nucleophilic displacement with sodium azide and, finally, the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition catalyzed by Cu(I) with terminal alkynes led to the formation of 1H-1,2,3-Triazol-1-ylmethyl-2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-diones in good yields. Compounds containing aromatic group linked to 1,2,3-triazole ring (9c, 9d, 9e, 9i) presented superior cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines with IC50 in the range of 0.74 to 4.4 µM indicating that the presence of aromatic rings substituents in the 1,2,3-1H-triazole moiety is probably responsible for the improved cytotoxic activity.

The actinomycete strain BRA 177 was recovered from sediment samples collected at the St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago, Brazil. This work accessed the ability of this strain, identified as Actinomadura sp., to produce bioactive metabolites by exploring the genome and characterizing chemistry and cytotoxicity of isolated compounds. From the crude ethyl acetate extract, the pigments nonylprodigiosin, cyclononylprodigiosin and methylcyclooctilprodigiosin were isolated and displayed cytotoxicity against human tumor and non-tumor cell lines. Sequencing, assembling and prospection of BRA 177 draft genome led to identification of two contigs encoding enzymes with high homology to those from prodiginine biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) in actinomycetes. Further, Actinomadura sp. BGC presented unique putatives RedJ thioesterase and RedL-like type I PKS, involved on selection of prodiginine biosynthetic fatty acyl precursor, and RedG-like Rieske oxygenase, key for cyclization of the prodiginines, suggesting that cyclononilprodigiosin and methylcyclooctylprodigiosin could actually be considered chemical signatures of Actinomadura spp.

este estudo investigou a visão de profissionais da área pedagógica sobre a linguagem de crianças com paralisia cerebral sem fala oralizada e o conhecimento e/ou uso da Comunicação Alternativa (CA) nesses casos. Foram entrevistados vinte e três sujeitos atuantes numa escola especial situada no interior do Paraná e seis eixos de análise definidos a partir de seus depoimentos. Quanto aos resultados mais representativos predomina a visão de que a linguagem está presente através da gestualidade, da expressão facial e do olhar desses alunos. A fala é vista como instrumento expressivo da linguagem assumida como capacidade cognitiva de elaboração de conteúdos internos. Predomina o desconhecimento a respeito da CA e a ausência da utilização sistematizada de seus recursos impede que o aluno ocupe uma posição de "falante" e uma condição participativa no processo educativo. Os entrevistados reconhecem a necessidade de formação específica nessa área. Concluímos que há uma carência generalizada, por parte dos professores entrevistados, quanto ao conhecimento acerca da CA e das possibilidades de manifestação da linguagem de alunos com PC que não podem oralizar.

This study analyses professionals' view of a special education school on the language of persons with cerebral palsy without articulated speech and the use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) in such cases. A total of 23 staff members were interviewed at a special education school in the state of Paraná. From their reports six major categories of analysis were defined: 1) teaching experience with the pupils; 2) distinction between speech and language; 3) forms of interaction between interviewees and pupils; 4) knowledge of AAC; 5) aspects related to the improvement of interactions; 6) aspects related to social inclusion. Results point to the existence of language by means of gestures, facial expressions and ways of looking. Speech is seen as a tool for expression, understood as a cognitive ability enabling elaboration of internal contents. In general there is little understanding of what AAC is about and the lack of adequate use of resources prevents students from assuming the role of speakers, fully participating in the educational process. The interviewees recognized the need for specific training in this area. In conclusion, there is a great need for AAC knowledge, related to the ways students with cerebral palsy express themselves linguistically when they are unable to speak.