RESUMO: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de chuvas na eficiência de diferentes formulações de glyphosate aplicadas de forma isolada e em mistura com o saflufenacil, sobre o controle de Brachiaria decumbens. O estudo foi realizado no primeiro semestre de 2013. Os tratamentos constaram da aplicação isolada de três formulações de glyphosate (Roundup Original, Roundup Transorb R e Roundup WG) a 1.080 g e.a. ha-1 e em mistura com o saflufenacil a 24,5 g i.a. ha-1 + Dash a 0,5% v/v e, seis intervalos de tempo para simulação da chuva: 15; 30; 60; 120; 240 e 360 minutos após a aplicação dos herbicidas e uma testemunha sem chuva. Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de controle das plantas aos 4; 7; 14; 21 e 28 dias após a aplicação dos herbicidas. A mistura de saflufenacil + Dash às formulações de Roundup original, Roundup transorb R e Roundup WG aumentaram a velocidade de controle das plantas de B. decumbens, independente do intervalo de chuva estudado. As formulações de glyphosate (Roundup Transorb R e Roundup WG) aplicados isolados foram afetadas por chuvas que ocorreram logo após a pulverização e quando em mistura com saflufenacil + Dash observou-se efeito sinérgico no controle das plantas daninhas.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rain on the efficiency of different formulations of glyphosate applied in isolation and in combination with saflufenacil on the control of Brachiaria decumbens. This study was conducted during the first half of 2013. The treatments consisted of an isolated application of three formulations of glyphosate (Roundup Original, Roundup Transorb R, and Roundup WG) at 1,080 g a.e. ha-1 and mixed with saflufenacil at 24.5 g a.e. ha-1 + Dash at 0.5% v/v at six time intervals of simulated rain: 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 minutes after application of herbicides and a control treatment without rain. We performed visual evaluations of plant control at 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application of herbicides. The mixture of saflufenacil + Dash with the original Roundup formulations, Roundup Transorb R and Roundup WG increased the control speed of B. decumbens plants regardless of the rain interval studied. The formulations of glyphosate (Roundup Transorb R and Roundup WG) applied in isolation were affected by rains that occurred shortly after spraying. In combination with saflufenacil + Dash, there was a synergistic effect on weed control.

Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade da deposição da calda de pulverização em plantas de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Bidens pilosa L. e de Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc. presentes na linha e entrelinha da cultura. Foi utilizado como traçador o corante Azul Brilhante FDC-1 (500 ppm). Utilizaram-se cinco pontas de pulverização: jato plano (XR 110015 VS e XR 11002 VS), jato plano duplo (TJ60 11002 VS) e jato cônico (TX-6 VS e TX-8 VS) e dois volumes de aplicação 150 e 200 L ha-1. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições. Foram amostradas 25 plantas em cada parcela/repetição, de plantas de feijão e plantas daninhas presentes na linha e na entrelinha da cultura. Após a aplicação, as plantas foram coletadas e lavadas em água destilada para quantificação do traçador em espectrofotômetro. Os dados ajustaram-se à curva de regressão pelo modelo de Gompertz. Os resultados evidenciaram que: para as plantas de feijão as pontas XR 110015 e TJ60 proporcionaram as deposições mais uniformes, nos volumes de 150 e 200 L ha-1, respectivamente; a ponta TX-6 no volume de 150 L ha-1 apresentou melhor uniformidade de distribuição para ambas as espécies de plantas daninhas presentes na linha da cultura; para as plantas daninhas presentes na entrelinha, no volume de 150 L ha-1, destacaram-se as pontas XR 110015 e TJ60 11002 para B. pilosa e B. plantaginea, respectivamente, no volume de 200 L ha-1 destacou-se a ponta TX-8 para ambas as espécies.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the deposition quality of spray solution in common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Bidens pilosa L. and Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc., present in the crop row and spacing row. Brilliant blue FDC - 1 was used as a tracer solution (500 ppm). Five nozzles were used: flat fan nozzle (XR 110015 VS and XR 11002 VS), double flat fan nozzle (TJ60 11002 VS) and cone nozzle (TX-6 VS and TX-8 VS), and two application volumes: 150 and 200 L ha-1. A randomized blocks design was used, with four replications. 25 plants were sampled for replication in each plot, common beans as well as weeds in crop row and spacing row. After the application, the plants were collected and washed in distilled water for tracer quantification in spectrophotometer. The data adjusted to the regression curve according to the Gompertz model. The results showed that, for the common bean plants, XR 110015 and TJ60 nozzles had provided the most uniform depositions in 150 and 200 L ha-1 application volume, respectively; the nozzle in the volume of 150 L ha-1 had a more uniform distribution for both the species of harmful plants present in the crop line; for the weeds present in the crop row in a volume of 150 L ha-1 the best performances were presented by the XR 110015 nozzle for B. pilosa and the TJ60 nozzle for B. plantaginea. For the volume of 200 L ha-1 , the TX-8 nozzle presented the best performance for both species.

The effect of application with different nozzle types and volume rates on spray deposition in the V3 stage of two soybean cultivars was evaluated. The experiments were conducted in the Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas of the UNESP-Botucatu/SP. The nozzles evaluated were an air induced flat fan nozzle (AI 11015 at 150 L ha-1, AI 11002 at 200 and 250 L ha-1), a twin flat fan nozzle (TJ 60 11002 at 150, 200 and 250 L ha-1), and a cone nozzle (TX 6 at 150 L ha-1, TX 8 at 150 L ha-1 and TX 10 at 250 L ha-1). To evaluate spray deposition on the plants, a tracer (Brilliant Blue FD&C-1) was added. The experimental design was random blocks with four replications. Deposition on plants was determined by absorbancy reading in 630 nm wavelength. The data were adjusted to a calibration curve and transformed into deposited spray volume in mL. The relationship deposition per unit of dry matter was adjusted to a regression curve (Gompertz model). In cultivar CD 208, the highest deposit was for the larger volumes and for the treatment TX 8 200 L ha-1. The most uniform treatments were all the nozzles with the volume 150 L ha-1 and the TJ60 nozzle for 200 L ha-1. In cultivar CD 216, the greatest spray depositions were achieved with the treatments AI at 200 and 250 L ha-1 and TJ 60 at 250 L ha-1, and the most uniform treatments were the TX 6 and TJ60 nozzles for the volume150 L ha

Se evaluaron las aplicaciones de diferentes tipos de boquillas de aspersión y diferentes volúmenes de aspersión en los depósitos del caldo de aspersión en estadio V3 en dos cultivares de soya. Los experimentos se realizaron en la Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas de la UNESP- Botucatu/SP, Brasil. Las boquillas evaluadas fueron: abanico plano por aire inducido (AI 110015 a 150 L ha-1, AI 11002 a 200 y 250 L ha-1); doble abanico plano (TJ 60 11002 a 150, 200 y 250 L ha-1); cono hueco (TX 6 a 150, TX 8 a 200 y TX 10 a 250 L ha-1). Para evaluar el depósito del caldo sobre las plantas se adicionó el trazador Azul Brillante FD&C-1. El diseño experimental fue en bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. La determinación del depósito en planta se realizó mediante la lectura de absorbancia del residuo del lavado en longitud de onda de 630 nm. Los datos se ajustaron a una curva de calibración y se transformaron a volumen de caldo depositado en mL. La relación de depósito por materia seca se ajustó a una curva de regresión (modelo de Gompertz). En el cultivar CD 208 el mayor depósito fue para los volúmenes mayores y para el tratamiento TX 8 200 L ha-1. Los tratamientos de mayor uniformidad fueron todas las boquillas en el volumen de 150 L ha-1 y la boquilla TJ60 para 200 L ha-1. En el cultivar CD 216 los mayores depósitos de caldo fueron los tratamientos AI a 200 y 250 L ha-1 y TJ 60 a 250 L ha-1, y los tratamientos de mayor uniformidad fueron las boquillas TX 6 y TJ60 para volumen de 150 L ha¹.