Abstract Background Controlling blood pressure and glycemic levels is a challenge that requires innovative solutions. Objective To assess the feasibility of implementing a text message intervention among low-income primary care patients, as well as to assess self-reported behavioral change. Methods A set of 200 text messages was developed on healthy eating, physical activity, adherence, and motivation. Participants from Vale do Mucuri, MG, Brazil diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension or undergoing screening for those diseases, received 5 to 8 messages per week for 6 months. They answered a questionnaire to report their satisfaction and behavioral changes. Results Of the 136 patients, 117 (86.0%) answered the questionnaire. Most reported that the messages were very useful (86.3%), easy to understand (90.6%), and were very helpful for behavioral change (65.0%); 84.6% reported that they had started eating healthier. The most frequent reported lifestyle changes were: improved diet quality (85.5%), reduced portions (65.8%), and weight loss (56.4%). The majority of patients shared the messages (60.7%) with family or other acquaintances, considered the number of messages to be adequate (89.7%) and would recommend the program to others (95.7%). Conclusion An intervention based on text messages to promote behavioral change in patients with hypertension or diabetes in primary care is feasible in low-resource settings. Future studies are needed to assess the program’s long-term effects on clinical outcomes.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar as desigualdades raciais na assistência de profissionais de saúde ao abortamento provocado. Estudo de revisão sistemática, seguindo o modelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a partir das seguintes bases: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Science Direct, Portal de Periódicos Capes, com os descritores: “racism OR social discrimination AND abortion, induced AND health personnel OR comprehensive health care OR delivery of health care OR human rights”, escolhidos mediante consulta ao DeCS e Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, analisaram-se 18 artigos, publicados entre os anos de 2005 a 2020 na literatura nacional e internacional. A maioria dos estudos encontrou uma relação significativa entre discriminação racial e violência institucional, incluindo o acesso e qualidade da assistência de pacientes em abortamento provocado. A discriminação racial é um fator de risco significativo para resultados adversos no atendimento.

Abstract This paper aims to evaluate the racial inequalities in the care provided by health professionals concerning induced abortion. This systematic review study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) model, based on the following bases: Brazilian Virtual Health Library (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), National Library of Medicine, and National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Science Direct, Capes periodicals portal, with the descriptors: “racism OR social discrimination AND abortion, induced AND health personnel OR comprehensive health care OR delivery of health care OR human rights”, selected via the DeCS and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Eighteen papers published between 2005 and 2020 in national and international literature were analyzed following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most studies found a significant relationship between racial discrimination and institutional violence, including access and quality of care for patients undergoing an induced abortion. Racial discrimination is a significant risk factor for adverse care outcomes.

RESUMO Objetivo - As mudanças ocorridas no mercado, decorrentes do avanço tecnológico, fizeram com que as empresas se preocupassem com a inovação em seus processos, produtos ou serviços, como forma de se destacar. Para potencializar a inovação nas empresas, o foco na liderança é uma forma eficaz. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um modelo para elencar as prioridades relacionadas à liderança e sua interface com a inovação, sob a perspectiva da alta gestão de uma empresa de telecomunicações. Design/metodologia/abordagem - Para o desenvolvimento do modelo, foi utilizado o método Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy-AHP) para identificar tais fatores e as melhores alternativas para que a empresa investigada possa tomar decisões consistentes. Assim, foram descobertos os critérios escolhidos pelo Gerente e Diretor, bem como as alternativas que eles prezam, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da inovação dentro da empresa. Achados - Os resultados mostraram que a percepção dos dois entrevistados foi semelhante, porém, destaca-se que eles deveriam escolher melhor a forma de aplicar a inovação dentro da empresa. Originalidade/valor - Esse estudo abre caminho para evidenciar a importância da temática da liderança e sua interface com a inovação para os profissionais da área de gestão, favorecendo a tomada de decisão, além de contribuir com a literatura, aprofundando o debate sobre o tema liderança e inovação, que ainda é incipiente e necessita de desenvolvimento.

ABSTRACT Purpose - The changes that occurred in the market, resulting from technological advancement, made companies pay attention to innovation in their processes, products or services, as a way to stand out. To enhance innovation in companies, focusing on leadership is an effective way. In this sense, the present study aimed to develop a model in order to list the priorities related to leadership and its interface with innovation, under the top management perspective of a telecommunications company. Design/methodology/approach - For the development of the model, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy-AHP) method was used to identify such factors and the best alternatives so that the investigated company can make consistent decisions. Thus, the criteria chosen by the Manager and Director were discovered, as well as the alternatives that they cherish, contributing to the development of innovation within the company. Findings - The results showed that the perception of the two interviewees was similar, however, it is emphasized that they should better choose how to apply innovation within the company. Originality/value - This study opens the way to highlight the importance of the theme of leadership and its interface with innovation for professionals in the management area, favoring decision making, in addition to contributing to the literature, deepening the debate on the theme of leadership and innovation, which is still incipient and needs development.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar as desigualdades raciais na assistência de profissionais de saúde ao abortamento provocado. Estudo de revisão sistemática, seguindo o modelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a partir das seguintes bases: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Science Direct, Portal de Periódicos Capes, com os descritores: “racism OR social discrimination AND abortion, induced AND health personnel OR comprehensive health care OR delivery of health care OR human rights”, escolhidos mediante consulta ao DeCS e Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, analisaram-se 18 artigos, publicados entre os anos de 2005 a 2020 na literatura nacional e internacional. A maioria dos estudos encontrou uma relação significativa entre discriminação racial e violência institucional, incluindo o acesso e qualidade da assistência de pacientes em abortamento provocado. A discriminação racial é um fator de risco significativo para resultados adversos no atendimento.

Abstract This paper aims to evaluate the racial inequalities in the care provided by health professionals concerning induced abortion. This systematic review study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) model, based on the following bases: Brazilian Virtual Health Library (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), National Library of Medicine, and National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Science Direct, Capes periodicals portal, with the descriptors: “racism OR social discrimination AND abortion, induced AND health personnel OR comprehensive health care OR delivery of health care OR human rights”, selected via the DeCS and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Eighteen papers published between 2005 and 2020 in national and international literature were analyzed following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most studies found a significant relationship between racial discrimination and institutional violence, including access and quality of care for patients undergoing an induced abortion. Racial discrimination is a significant risk factor for adverse care outcomes.

Resumo: Introdução: O curso de graduação em Medicina expõe os alunos a uma quantidade significativa de estresse, o que pode gerar consequências negativas para o aprendizado, a motivação e o contato com os pacientes. Algumas técnicas e práticas têm sido indicadas para auxiliar no manejo e na redução do estresse, como é o caso da meditação que já é utilizada em escolas médicas. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos de um programa de redução do estresse e desenvolvimento da empatia em medicina (Redemed©) sobre a percepção de estresse de seus participantes e possíveis grupos de acolhimento. Método: Este é um ensaio quase experimental cuja amostra foi composta por 40 estudantes que compuseram o grupo controle e 47 alunos de um grupo de intervenção que participaram de oito encontros semanais de duas horas divididas em: 30 minutos de teoria sobre como o estresse influencia o estado de saúde, 60 minutos de vivências interpessoais e 30 minutos de ioga e meditação. Ambos os grupos, antes e depois do curso, responderam ao questionário sobre estresse percebido (PSS - Escala de Cohen). Resultados: Após os oito encontros semanais, o grupo intervenção apresentou melhora significativa (p = 0,030), demonstrando que a participação no curso Redemed© mostrou-se eficaz no controle do estresse entre os estudantes do presente estudo. Os alunos também foram questionados quanto à autopercepção sobre se sentirem ou não apoiados por outros grupos. Os três grupos de acolhimentos mais citados entre os alunos, tanto do grupo ativo como do controle, foram: amigos/família, centro acadêmico e a equipe do esporte que praticavam. Após as oito semanas, enquanto o grupo controle permaneceu com as mesmas indicações, no grupo intervenção foram citados: amigos/família, Redemed© e centro acadêmico. Conclusão: Este estudo mostrou que o programa Redemed©, com encontros durante oito semanas utilizando a meditação como sua técnica central, foi eficaz na redução do estresse percebido pelos estudantes de Medicina que participaram dessa intervenção quando comparado ao grupo controle (p = 0,000). As práticas integrativas e complementares podem ser uma ferramenta importante dentro das escolas médicas, de modo a levar os estudantes a lidar melhor com o estresse a que estão expostos ao longo do curso.

Abstract: Introduction: Undergraduate medical students experience a considerable amount of stress, which can negatively affect their learning, motivation and contact with patients. Some techniques and practices for stress management and reduction, such as meditation, have been recommended and used in medical schools. This study evaluated the effects of a Stress Reduction and Empathy Development Program in Medicine (REDEMED©) on participants’ perception of stress and possible support groups. Method: This is a quasi-experimental trial whose sample comprised 40 students in a control group and 47 students in an intervention group. The students in the intervention group participated in eight weekly sessions lasting two hours each. The course hours were divided into: 30 minutes of theoretical content on how stress influences one’s health, 60 minutes of interpersonal practices and 30 minutes of yoga and meditation practices. Both groups, before and after the program, answered the questionnaire on perceived stress (PSS - Cohen’s scale). Results: After the eight weekly meetings, the intervention group showed significant improvement (p = 0.030), showing that participation in the REDEMED© course proved to be effective in stress control among the students in the study. The students were also questioned about their self-perception of whether or not they felt they were supported by any other groups. The three support groups most often referred to by the students, in both the intervention and the control group, were: friends/family, the Students’ Union and their sports team. After eight weeks, while the control group still referred to the same groups, the intervention group mentioned friends/family, REDEMED© and the Students’ Union. Conclusion: This study showed that the REDEMED© program, meeting for eight weeks using meditation as its central technique, was effective in reducing the stress perceived by medical students who participated in this intervention when compared to the control group (p = 0,000). Integrative and complementary practices can be an important tool within medical schools, empowering students to better cope with the stress they are exposed to throughout the course.

RESUMO The rising number of students leagues in the Escola Paulista de Medicina of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM–Unifesp) leads to questions about their meaning to students and their role in medical training, as well as concerns about learning distortions, early specialization, social relevance, and insertion in the Brazilian national health system, called the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). In order to try and clarify these questions, this qualitative study analyzes the statues of the leagues, and the statements of tutors and students, gathered by means of four focal groups with students and two interviews with the tutors. We found 45 leagues currently running at the EPM–Unifesp, most of them associated with a medical specialty. The main motivators for joining in a league were: the search for practical activities, the desire to gain more experience of a particular specialty, the desire for more knowledge, and the need to be recognized as a responsible adult. Of the leagues studied, few conducted research or university extension activities, focusing on treatment and theoretical classes, supervised by professors, non-teacher physicians, resident doctors, or more senior students. The tutors are in charge of the organizational aspects. The leagues can reproduce graduation models, such as an overburdoning with activities and poor expository classes. Concerning insertion in the SUS, the leagues could be a means of training future SUS professionals. Although students claim that they intend to specialize in the league’s field, the tutors disagree that they lead to early specialization. We consider that while leagues fill gaps in the learning and expectations of the course, they are limited in regards to the impact of their activities on medical training and their social relevance. They can subvert the curricular structure and favor early specialization. We recommend that universities pay closer attention to students leagues, observing their number, selection process, activities, tutors involved and explicit objectives, with the purpose of evaluating their roles in the curriculum and medical training.

ABSTRACT Although nutrition is one of the most significant aspects of good health and well-being, preventing many diseases and reducing premature death and disability, most medical curricula still do not cover this topic in depth, devoting only a few hours to it. This leaves an important gap in the training of medical professionals, in a context of an increase in chronic diseases, where healthy eating is essential, not only for prevention but also to guarantee treatment success. The present study interviewed medical students from the first to the sixth years of graduation, in order to understand what they consider to be a healthy diet and whether they consider themselves capable of guiding their future patients in the adoption and practice healthy eating habits. This is a qualitative study in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 undergraduate medical students of a public university in the state of São Paulo. The data were analyzed using the technique of Content Analysis, with a thematic representational approach. Two major themes emerged, showing possible gaps in the students’ knowledge about nutrition and the difficulty they have in helping their patients switch to healthier eating habits, given that they themselves have difficulty doing the same. There is a need for medical schools to promote students’ health, both physical and mental, in response to the high demands of the courses. This may include health promotion activities aimed at the students themselves, encouraging them to adopt healthier lifestyles, especially healthier eating habits, so that they can share their own experiences with future patients. This may benefit their professional practice, giving them greater confidence when giving nutrition guidance to their patients, as they will have already experienced and applied the principles in their own lives. Patient-centered care can be a way to address this system and help patients effectively switch to healthier habits, thereby reducing suffering and improving quality of life. Empowerment through activities that receive and support the student and the patient is an essential tool for behavioral change.

Resumo Objetivo: estimar as taxas de utilização e de perda de doses de vacinas de frascos multidoses e monodose na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, no período de 2015 a 2017. Métodos: estudo descritivo, realizado a partir de dados secundários do Sistema de Informações do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (SI-PNI) e do Sistema de Informações de Insumos Estratégicos de Saúde (SIES). Resultados: foram observados 12.342 registros; a taxa média de perdas foi de 45,8% (IC95% 39,5;51,7), e a de utilização, de 54,2% (IC95% 48,3;60,5); as vacinas com maior taxa média anual de perdas foram a tríplice viral (68,8% - IC95% 66,5;71,1), BCG (68,1% - IC95% 65,4;70,7), hepatite B (56,4% - IC95% 53,0;59,7) e febre amarela (55,9% - IC95% 51,4;60,4). Conclusão: as taxas de maiores perdas de vacinas foram de frascos multidoses, embora as vacinas monodose também houvessem excedido o limite aceitável definido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde.

Abstract Objective: to estimate usage and wastage of multi-dose and single-dose vaccine vials in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2015 to 2017. Methods: a descriptive study was carried out based on secondary data from the National Immunization Program Information System (SIPNI) and the Strategic Health Supplies Information System (SIES). Results: a total of 12,342 records were examined; mean wastage rate was 45.8% (95%CI 39.5;51.7), while usage rate was 54.2% (95%CI 48.3;60.5); vaccines with the highest mean annual wastage rate were MMR (68.8% - 95%CI 66.5;71.1), BCG (68.1% - 95%CI 65.4;70.7), Hepatitis B (56.4% - 95%CI 53.0-59.7) and Yellow Fever (55.9% - 95%CI 51.4;60.4). Conclusion: the highest rates of vaccine wastage were for multi-dose vials; although single-dose vaccines also exceeded the acceptable limit defined by the World Health Organization.

Resumen Objetivo: estimar las tasas de uso y pérdidas de dosis de vacunas de frascos multidosis y monodosis, en la Región Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, período de 2015 a 2017. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, realizado a partir de datos secundarios del Sistema de Informaciones del Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones (SI-PNI) y del Sistema de Informaciones de Insumos Estratégicos de Salud (SIES), de 2015 a 2017. Resultados: se observaron 12.342 registros; la tasa media de pérdidas fue del 45,8% (IC95% 39,5;51,7), y la de utilización, del 54,2% (IC95% 48,3;60,5); las vacunas con mayor tasa promedio anual de pérdidas fueron la Triple Viral (68,8% - IC95% 66,5;71,1), BCG (68,1% - IC95% 65,4;70,7), Hepatitis B (56,4% - IC95% 53,0;59,7) y Fiebre Amarilla (55,9% - IC95% 51,4;60,4). Conclusión: las tasas de mayores pérdidas de vacunas fueron las de frascos multidosis, aunque las vacunas monodosis también superaron el límite aceptable definido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud.

Resumo Objetivo: estimar as taxas de utilização e de perda de doses de vacinas de frascos multidoses e monodose na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, no período de 2015 a 2017. Métodos: estudo descritivo, realizado a partir de dados secundários do Sistema de Informações do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (SI-PNI) e do Sistema de Informações de Insumos Estratégicos de Saúde (SIES). Resultados: foram observados 12.342 registros; a taxa média de perdas foi de 45,8% (IC95% 39,5;51,7), e a de utilização, de 54,2% (IC95% 48,3;60,5); as vacinas com maior taxa média anual de perdas foram a tríplice viral (68,8% - IC95% 66,5;71,1), BCG (68,1% - IC95% 65,4;70,7), hepatite B (56,4% - IC95% 53,0;59,7) e febre amarela (55,9% - IC95% 51,4;60,4). Conclusão: as taxas de maiores perdas de vacinas foram de frascos multidoses, embora as vacinas monodose também houvessem excedido o limite aceitável definido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde.

Abstract Objective: to estimate usage and wastage of multi-dose and single-dose vaccine vials in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2015 to 2017. Methods: a descriptive study was carried out based on secondary data from the National Immunization Program Information System (SIPNI) and the Strategic Health Supplies Information System (SIES). Results: a total of 12,342 records were examined; mean wastage rate was 45.8% (95%CI 39.5;51.7), while usage rate was 54.2% (95%CI 48.3;60.5); vaccines with the highest mean annual wastage rate were MMR (68.8% - 95%CI 66.5;71.1), BCG (68.1% - 95%CI 65.4;70.7), Hepatitis B (56.4% - 95%CI 53.0-59.7) and Yellow Fever (55.9% - 95%CI 51.4;60.4). Conclusion: the highest rates of vaccine wastage were for multi-dose vials; although single-dose vaccines also exceeded the acceptable limit defined by the World Health Organization.

Resumen Objetivo: estimar las tasas de uso y pérdidas de dosis de vacunas de frascos multidosis y monodosis, en la Región Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, período de 2015 a 2017. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, realizado a partir de datos secundarios del Sistema de Informaciones del Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones (SI-PNI) y del Sistema de Informaciones de Insumos Estratégicos de Salud (SIES), de 2015 a 2017. Resultados: se observaron 12.342 registros; la tasa media de pérdidas fue del 45,8% (IC95% 39,5;51,7), y la de utilización, del 54,2% (IC95% 48,3;60,5); las vacunas con mayor tasa promedio anual de pérdidas fueron la Triple Viral (68,8% - IC95% 66,5;71,1), BCG (68,1% - IC95% 65,4;70,7), Hepatitis B (56,4% - IC95% 53,0;59,7) y Fiebre Amarilla (55,9% - IC95% 51,4;60,4). Conclusión: las tasas de mayores pérdidas de vacunas fueron las de frascos multidosis, aunque las vacunas monodosis también superaron el límite aceptable definido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze knowledge, experiences and beliefs in the sexual reproductive field of prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) in students enrolled in the 1st and 2nd years of high school from different socioeconomic backgrounds. This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional investigation of a convenience sample of 258 students in Belo Horizonte - MG, in schools classified as A, B2 and C1, according to economic status criterion. Results showed that socioeconomic position was relevant to differences between students enrolled at the three schools as to initiation of sexual intercourse and knowledge. This difference was not significant as to parent-adolescent sexual orientation. Students enrolled at school A demonstrated greater mastery of contents, although some unknowns that are essential to a practice less vulnerable have also proved to be independent of parental socioeconomic and educational level. The limitations of knowledge associated to beliefs and life experiences of sexuality contributed to a greater vulnerability of STI, teenage pregnancy and the consequences related to gender and sexual violence. The results indicate the urgency for seeking investigative and interventional alternatives that give breadth to sexuality discussions with teenagers including approaches such as gender, generation, violence in intimate relationships, sexual and reproductive rights and access to health care so that teenagers see themselves as protagonists in their way of being and self-expression of sexuality.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los conocimientos, las experiencias y creencias en la esfera sexual de alumnos con diferentes perfiles socioeconómicos de 1º y 2º año del secundario. Investigación transversal, descriptiva y analítica con muestreo por conveniencia. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado a 258 alumnos de Belo Horizonte - MG, de escuelas clasificadas como A, B2 y C1, según el criterio de clasificación económica. Los resultados mostraron que, en relación a la iniciación sexual y otros conocimientos, el nivel socioeconómico era relevante en la diferencia entre los alumnos de las tres escuelas. Esta diferencia no era significativa en términos de orientación sexual dada por los padres. Los alumnos de la escuela A demostraron mayor dominio de contenidos aunque también quedó evidente el desconocimiento de ciertos temas esenciales para una práctica menos vulnerable, independientemente de las condiciones socioeconómicas y nivel de educación del responsable de la familia. Las limitaciones en los conocimientos asociados a los mitos y creencias identificados en las tres escuelas influyen en la vulnerabilidad para las enfermedades de transmisión sexual, el embarazo en la adolescencia y en las consecuencias relacionadas con el género y la violencia sexual. Los resultados indican que es imprescindible buscar alternativas de investigación y de intervención que permitan ampliar las discusiones sobre la sexualidad con los adolescentes. Estas discusiones deben incluir distintos enfoques tales como género, generación, violencia en las relaciones íntimas, derechos sexuales y reproductivos y acceso a los servicios de salud para que los adolescentes se vean como protagonistas en su forma de ser y de vivir su sexualidad.

RESUMO O objetivo neste estudo foi analisar conhecimentos, vivências e crenças no campo sexual de estudantes do 1º e 2º anos do ensino médio, com perfis socioeconômicos diferenciados. Trata-se de uma investigação transversal, descritiva e analítica, com amostragem por conveniência. Aplicou-se questionário estruturado a 258 alunos de Belo Horizonte-MG, de escolas classificadas em A, B2 e C1, segundo critério de classificação econômica. Os resultados mostraram que o nível socioeconômico foi relevante na diferenciação entre os alunos das três escolas, no que se refere à iniciação sexual e a diversos conhecimentos. Essa diferença não foi, no entanto, significativa quanto à orientação sexual dada pela mãe e pai. Os alunos da escola A demonstraram mais domínio dos conteúdos, embora certos desconhecimentos essenciais a uma prática menos vulnerável tenham também se revelado independentes das condições socioeconômicas e do nível de escolaridade do responsável pela família. As limitações do conhecimento associadas aos mitos e crenças, identificadas nas três escolas, sinalizaram como uma contribuição para mais vulnerabilidade às ISTs, à gravidez na adolescência e às consequências relacionadas a sexo e violência sexual. Os resultados revelam a premência pela busca de alternativas investigativas e interventivas que deem amplitude às discussões sobre sexualidade com os adolescentes, incluindo abordagens como sexo, geração, violência nas relações de intimidade, direitos sexuais e reprodutivos e acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde, de forma que os adolescentes se vejam como protagonista em sua forma de ser e viver sua sexualidade.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three levels of crude cottonseed oil on performance, organ weights, and blood parameters of growing broilers. Carcass and cut yields after 33 and 42 days of age and the economic viability of the diets were also evaluated. Male broilers of the Ross line were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement (0, 2, 4, and 6% inclusion of cottonseed oil, with and without ferrous sulfate) with five replicates. In the period from 22 to 33 days, quadratic and increasing linear effects were observed on feed intake and weight gain, respectively. Feed conversion during the same period was better with the addition of ferrous sulfate. The addition of ferrous sulfate caused a reduction in heart weight. From 22 to 42 days, carcass and cuts yield, organ weight, and intestine length were not influenced by the levels of oil or by the addition of ferrous sulfate. Supplementation with iron salts provided a lower red blood cell count and increased mean cell volume. Balanced diets formulated with up to 6% of crude cottonseed oil for broilers from 22-33 and 22-42 days of age do not affect their performance or the weight of their organs. Supplementation with ferrous sulfate improved feed conversion up to 33 days. Diets formulated with 4% cottonseed oil supplemented with ferrous sulfate are economically viable in the period from 22 to 42 days.

ABSTRACT The use of fire to prepare agricultural areas is a technique still used by small farmers in eastern Amazon. This type of management changes the dynamics of soil nutrients, especially phosphorus, which constitutes the most limiting nutrient for crop production in tropical soils. This study was carried out to evaluate changes in phosphorus forms in an Argissolo Amarelo Distrófico (Ultisol) submitted to burning and trituration of secondary forest in eastern Amazon. The evaluated systems were: slash-and-burn of vegetation; slash-and-mulch of vegetation; and secondary vegetation. The labile, moderately labile, moderately recalcitrant, available and total phosphorus fractions were assessed at the soil depths of 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. The results showed a predominance of soluble P in acid (moderately labile P) over other forms in all management systems. The management systems influence the content and distribution of the forms of P, where the slash-and-mulch system presented the prevalence of the labile fraction, and the slash-and-burn system contained less labile forms. The slash-and-mulch system favored the accumulation of labile P and total organic P.

O mogno-brasileiro possui alto valor madeireiro, mas seu cultivo comercial é inviabilizado pelo ataque da broca Hypsipyla grandella. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de doses de cálcio e boro nas variáveis de crescimento do mogno e na resistência ao ataque da broca H. grandella . O delineamento utilizado foi o fatorial 4² em blocos ao acaso com quatro doses de cálcio (0, 100, 200 e 400 mg L-1) e quatro de boro (0; 0,5; 2; e 4 mg L-1) e três repetições com três plantas por repetição. Avaliaram-se: altura, diâmetro, massa seca aérea e de raiz, relação parte aérea:raiz, taxa de infestação e comprimento da galeria construída pela broca. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Tukey a 5% e à análise de correlação e regressão. Não houve interação estatística entre os nutrientes, nem significância de altura e diâmetro do coleto. A massa de raízes e da parte aérea apresentou os maiores resultados na omissão dos elementos, verificando as menores relações parte aérea:raiz nas doses de 100 mg L-1 em função do cálcio e 0,5 mg L-1 em função do boro. A dose de 100 mg Ca L-1 proporcionou a menor taxa de infestação de H. grandella. Para a resistência do mogno ao desenvolvimento da galeria, tanto o cálcio quanto o boro apresentaram significância, sendo os menores comprimentos verificados nas doses de 100 mg L-1 Ca e 0,5 mg L-1 B, respectivamente. Esses nutrientes influenciam a resistência do mogno ao ataque da broca e evidenciam a necessidade de estudos em condições de campo.

The Brazilian mahogany has high timber value but its commercial cultivation is rendered impossible by the attack of Hypsipyla grandella shoot-borer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of doses of calcium and boron on mahogany growth variables and on the resistance to the attack of its shoot-borer, H. grandella. The design was a 4² factorial randomized blocks with four doses of calcium (0, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1), four doses of boron (0, 0.5, 2 and 4 mg L-1) and three replications with three plants per replication. It was evaluated: height; diameter; air dry mass and root dry mass; relation air:root; infestation rate and length of the gallery promoted by the shoot-borer. The results were analyzed by Tukey test at 5% and subjected to correlation analysis and regression. There was no statistical interaction between the nutrients and no significance for height and stem diameter. The mass of roots and aerial parts showed the highest results in the deletion of elements and showing the lower ratios of air: root parts in the doses of 100 mg L-1 due to calcium and 0.5 mg L-1due to boron. The 100 mg Ca L-1 dose yielded the lowest rate of infestation of H. grandella. As for the resistance to the development of the mahogany gallery, both calcium and boron were significant, and the smaller lengths observed at doses of 100 mg L-1 Ca and 0.5 mg L-1B, respectively. These nutrients influence the resistance of mahogany to the shoot-borer and show the need for studies in field conditions.

Launched in 1996 the Testing and Counseling Centre Information System (IS-TCC) represents a key to ol to the delineation of users profile indicators and to the definition of strategies for reducing vulnerability to STD/HIV/AIDS. Failure to fill out its form properly hampers the achievement of those goals. This research aimed to analyze discrepancies and difficulties when filling out the IS-TCC 2005 Version, in view of the standardization of records. It is a descriptive and exploratory study conducted with a CTA (Portuguese acronym for Testing and Counseling Centre) multidisciplinary team in Belo Horizonte from January to December 2009. Focus group technique was used in 12 monthly sessions. Secondary data were applied for detecting errors in filling the form. The main discrepancies were detected in the fields "post-test referral", "Drug Use, "" Population Profile"and" Legend of Results". The conflicting items standardization helped the preparation ofa supplementary form forthe field"Instructions"already in use for filling out the Department of Health form and contributed in reducing data loss and evaluating the counseling practice. The persistence of certain errors on registers indicates the professionals ne ed to get used to consult the Filling Instructions Form, to receive periodic training, and to adapt themselves to continuous changes. The interaction with other CTA's and with the National STD/AIDS Program is vital to optimize the use of the SI-CTA in the planning and promotion of actions and strategies based on reliable data, as well as the customization of services.

El sistema de información instalado en 1996 en los Centros de Prueba y Aconsejamiento (SI-CTC) es importante en la producción de indicadores de perfil de los usuarios del servicio y en la definición de estrategias para la reducción de la vulnerabilidad al VIH/SIDA. Fallos en la inserción de datos causan pérdidas en el alcance de estos resultados. Se analizaron las divergencias y dificultades en el registro del SI-CTC, versión 2005, considerando la estandarización de los registros. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio descriptivo realizado con el equipo multiprofesional del CTC de Belo Horizonte, de enero a diciembre de 2009. Fueron utilizadas las técnicas de grupo focal. Se emplearon datos secundarios para la detección de fallos para completar los registros. Las principales divergencias se referían a los campos de los registros "Envíos post-test", "Uso de drogas", "Recorte de la población "y" Leyenda de los Resultados". La convención de los puntos conflictivos permitió la elaboración de un formulario complementario a las actuales Instrucciones para Completar Formularios del Ministerio de Salud (MS). También ayudó a disminuir la pérdida de datos y a repensar la práctica del aconsejamiento. Después de la realización de este estudio la permanencia de determinados fallos en los registros señala la necesidad de que los profesionales se acostumbren a consultar la guía de instrucciones para completar los formularios, de realizar entrenamientos periódicos y de hacer esfuerzos continuos para asimilar los cambios. La interlocución con demás CTC's y Coordinación Nacional de ETS/SIDA fue considerada pertinente para mejorar la utilización del SI-CTC y planear acciones y estrategias fundamentadas en datos confiables, sin considerar las especificidades de cada servicio ni de su clientela.

O sistema de informação implantado nos Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento (SI-CTA), em 1996, é importante na produção de indicadores do perfil de seus usuários e na definição de estratégias para a redução de vulnerabilidade às DST/HIV/Aids. Falhas no seu preenchimento conferem perdas para o alcance desses resultados. O objetivo com esta pesquisa foi analisar as divergências e as dificuldades no preenchimento do formulário SI-CTA, versão 2005, tendo em vista a padronização dos registros. Trata-se de estudo descritivo e exploratório, realizado de janeiro a dezembro de 2009, com toda a equipe multiprofissional do CTA de Belo Horizonte. Utilizou-se a técnica de grupo focal em 12 encontros mensais. Dados secundários foram empregados para a detecção de falhas no preenchimento. As principais divergências referiram-se aos registros nos campos "Encaminhamento pós-teste", "Uso de drogas", "Recorte populacional"e"Legenda de resultados". A convenção dos itens conflitantes permitiu a elaboração de um formulário complementar ás Instruções de Preenchimento já existentes do MS. Também contribuiu para a redução da perda de dados e a reflexão sobre a prática do aconselhamento. Após a realização deste estudo, a permanência de determinadas falhas nos registros sinalizou a necessidade de os profissionais desenvolverem o hábito de consulta aos formulários de Instrução do Preenchimento, de treinamentos periódicos e de esforço contínuo para a assimilação das mudanças. A interlocução com os demais CTAs e com a Coordenação Nacional de DST/aids foi considerada pertinente para aperfeiçoar a utilização do SI-CTA para a divulgação e o planejamento de ações e estratégias calcadas em dados confiáveis, bem como para as adaptações necessárias à realidade de cada serviço.

Trata-se de atividade desenvolvida por estudantes de enfermagem da Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, do Distrito Federal, durante o primeiro ano do curso. O objetivo foi realizar uma oficina de capacitação para 22 agentes comunitários de saúde com o intuito de esclarecê-los sobre o seu papel no trabalho comunitário e elevar sua autoestima. Utilizou-se a metodologia da problematização e diversas dinâmicas pedagógicas. Os temas abordados foram: direitos e deveres, atribuições, comunicação, ética, trabalho em equipe, saúde da criança e idoso e violência doméstica. O resultado foi considerado positivo para ambas as partes: os agentes comunitários adquiriram novos conhecimentos/habilidades e sentiram-se mais valorizados, ao passo que os estudantes conseguiram integrar teoria e prática, tornando-se sujeitos ativos do processo ensino-aprendizagem.

This paper aims to report an experience carried out by nursing students from the Undergraduate School of Health Sciences, Federal District, during their first year of study. The objective was to implement a training for 22 community health workers, in order to clarify them about their role in community work and to elevate their self esteem. A methodology of problematization and various educational techniques were used. The themes were: duties and rights, responsibilities, communication, ethics, team work, children´s health, care for the elderly and domestic violence. The result was considered positive for both sides: the community workers acquired new knowledge/capabilities and better feeling of self worth and the students were able to integrate theory and practice and become active participants in the learning process.

Trata-se de actividad desarrollada por alumnos de enfermería de la Escuela Superior de Ciencias de la Salud, del Distrito Federal, durante el primer año de la carrera. El objetivo fue realizar un trabajo de capacitación para 22 agentes comunitarios de salud con el propósito de esclarecerlos sobre su rol en el trabajo comunitario y elevar su autoestima. Fue empleada la metodología de la problematización y diversas dinámicas pedagógicas. Los asuntos abordados fueron: derechos y deberes, atribuciones, comunicación, ética, trabajo en equipo, salud de los niños y de los mayores y violencia doméstica. El resultado fue considerado positivo para las dos partes: los agentes comunitarios obtuvieron nuevos conocimientos/habilidades y se sintieron más valorados, mientras los alumnos lograron integrar teoría y práctica, tornándose sujetos activos del proceso enseñanza/aprendizaje.

This paper aims to report an experience carried out by nursing students from the Undergraduate School of Health Sciences, Federal District, during their first year of study. The objective was to implement a training for 22 community health workers, in order to clarify them about their role in community work and to elevate their self esteem. A methodology of problematization and various educational techniques were used. The themes were: duties and rights, responsibilities, communication, ethics, team work, children´s health, care for the elderly and domestic violence. The result was considered positive for both sides: the community workers acquired new knowledge/capabilities and better feeling of self worth and the students were able to integrate theory and practice and become active participants in the learning process.

Trata-se de actividad desarrollada por alumnos de enfermería de la Escuela Superior de Ciencias de la Salud, del Distrito Federal, durante el primer año de la carrera. El objetivo fue realizar un trabajo de capacitación para 22 agentes comunitarios de salud con el propósito de esclarecerlos sobre su rol en el trabajo comunitario y elevar su autoestima. Fue empleada la metodología de la problematización y diversas dinámicas pedagógicas. Los asuntos abordados fueron: derechos y deberes, atribuciones, comunicación, ética, trabajo en equipo, salud de los niños y de los mayores y violencia doméstica. El resultado fue considerado positivo para las dos partes: los agentes comunitarios obtuvieron nuevos conocimientos/habilidades y se sintieron más valorados, mientras los alumnos lograron integrar teoría y práctica, tornándose sujetos activos del proceso enseñanza/aprendizaje.

Trata-se de atividade desenvolvida por estudantes de enfermagem da Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, do Distrito Federal, durante o primeiro ano do curso. O objetivo foi realizar uma oficina de capacitação para 22 agentes comunitários de saúde com o intuito de esclarecê-los sobre o seu papel no trabalho comunitário e elevar sua autoestima. Utilizou-se a metodologia da problematização e diversas dinâmicas pedagógicas. Os temas abordados foram: direitos e deveres, atribuições, comunicação, ética, trabalho em equipe, saúde da criança e idoso e violência doméstica. O resultado foi considerado positivo para ambas as partes: os agentes comunitários adquiriram novos conhecimentos/habilidades e sentiram-se mais valorizados, ao passo que os estudantes conseguiram integrar teoria e prática, tornando-se sujeitos ativos do processo ensino-aprendizagem.