Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever os primeiros casos de microcefalia possivelmente relacionados ao vírus Zika em nascidos vivos notificados na Região Metropolitana do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo de tipo série de casos (notificados de 1º de agosto a 31 de outubro de 2015), com dados obtidos dos registros médicos e de questionário aplicado às mães. RESULTADOS: foram confirmados 40 casos com microcefalia, distribuídos em oito municípios da Região Metropolitana do Recife, com maior concentração no Recife (n=12); a mediana do perímetro cefálico foi de 29 cm, do perímetro torácico, 31 cm, e do peso, 2.628 gramas; 21/25 casos apresentaram calcificação cerebral, ventriculomegalia ou lisencefalia; entre as 40 mães, 27 referiram exantema na gestação, 20 no primeiro trimestre e sete no segundo, além de prurido, cefaleia, mialgia e ausência de febre. CONCLUSÃO: a maioria dos casos apresentou características de infecção congênita; a maioria das mães apresentou quadro sugestivo de infecção pelo vírus Zika na gestação.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe the first cases of microcephaly possibly related to Zika virus in live born babies reported in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. METHODS: this was a descriptive case series study (cases reported between August 1st and October 31st 2015), using medical record data and data from a questionnaire answered by the mothers of the babies. RESULTS: 40 microcephaly cases were confirmed, distributed in eight municipalities within the Metropolitan Region, with Recife itself having the highest concentration of cases (n=12); median head circumference was 29 cm, median chest girth was 31 cm and median weight was 2,628 grams; 21/25 cases had brain calcification, ventriculomegaly or lissencephaly; 27 of the 40 mothers reported rash during pregnancy, 20 in the first trimester and 7 in the second trimester, as well as itching, headache, myalgia and absence of fever. CONCLUSION: the majority of the cases bore the characteristics of congenital infection; the clinical condition of the majority of mothers suggested Zika virus infection during pregnancy.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir los primeros casos de microcefalia en nacidos vivos reportados al Departamento de Salud del Estado de Pernambuco, en la región metropolitana de Recife, Pernambuco, 2015. MÉTODOS: estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de serie de casos (reportados de 1 de agosto a 31 de octubre de 2015), con datos obtenidos de registros médicos y cuestionarios aplicados a las madres. RESULTADOS: 40 casos fueron confirmados con microcefalia, en ocho municipios de la región metropolitana de Recife, con mayor concentración de casos en Recife (n=12); la circunferencia media de la cabeza fue 29 cm, perímetro torácico 31 cm y peso 2.628 gramos; exámenes revelaron que 21/25 casos mostraron calcificación, dilatación ventricular o lisencefalia; de las 40 madres, 27 (68%) informan exantema durante la gestación, 20 (74%) en el primer trimestre y siete (26%) en la segunda, además de prurito, dolor de cabeza, mialgia y ausencia de fiebre. CONCLUSIÓN: la mayoría de los casos presenta características de infección congénita; la mayoría de las madres mostró características que sugieren infección por el virus Zika en el embarazo.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever os primeiros casos de microcefalia possivelmente relacionados ao vírus Zika em nascidos vivos notificados na Região Metropolitana do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo de tipo série de casos (notificados de 1º de agosto a 31 de outubro de 2015), com dados obtidos dos registros médicos e de questionário aplicado às mães. RESULTADOS: foram confirmados 40 casos com microcefalia, distribuídos em oito municípios da Região Metropolitana do Recife, com maior concentração no Recife (n=12); a mediana do perímetro cefálico foi de 29 cm, do perímetro torácico, 31 cm, e do peso, 2.628 gramas; 21/25 casos apresentaram calcificação cerebral, ventriculomegalia ou lisencefalia; entre as 40 mães, 27 referiram exantema na gestação, 20 no primeiro trimestre e sete no segundo, além de prurido, cefaleia, mialgia e ausência de febre. CONCLUSÃO: a maioria dos casos apresentou características de infecção congênita; a maioria das mães apresentou quadro sugestivo de infecção pelo vírus Zika na gestação.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe the first cases of microcephaly possibly related to Zika virus in live born babies reported in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. METHODS: this was a descriptive case series study (cases reported between August 1st and October 31st 2015), using medical record data and data from a questionnaire answered by the mothers of the babies. RESULTS: 40 microcephaly cases were confirmed, distributed in eight municipalities within the Metropolitan Region, with Recife itself having the highest concentration of cases (n=12); median head circumference was 29 cm, median chest girth was 31 cm and median weight was 2,628 grams; 21/25 cases had brain calcification, ventriculomegaly or lissencephaly; 27 of the 40 mothers reported rash during pregnancy, 20 in the first trimester and 7 in the second trimester, as well as itching, headache, myalgia and absence of fever. CONCLUSION: the majority of the cases bore the characteristics of congenital infection; the clinical condition of the majority of mothers suggested Zika virus infection during pregnancy.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir los primeros casos de microcefalia en nacidos vivos reportados al Departamento de Salud del Estado de Pernambuco, en la región metropolitana de Recife, Pernambuco, 2015. MÉTODOS: estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de serie de casos (reportados de 1 de agosto a 31 de octubre de 2015), con datos obtenidos de registros médicos y cuestionarios aplicados a las madres. RESULTADOS: 40 casos fueron confirmados con microcefalia, en ocho municipios de la región metropolitana de Recife, con mayor concentración de casos en Recife (n=12); la circunferencia media de la cabeza fue 29 cm, perímetro torácico 31 cm y peso 2.628 gramos; exámenes revelaron que 21/25 casos mostraron calcificación, dilatación ventricular o lisencefalia; de las 40 madres, 27 (68%) informan exantema durante la gestación, 20 (74%) en el primer trimestre y siete (26%) en la segunda, además de prurito, dolor de cabeza, mialgia y ausencia de fiebre. CONCLUSIÓN: la mayoría de los casos presenta características de infección congénita; la mayoría de las madres mostró características que sugieren infección por el virus Zika en el embarazo.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic condition characterized by burning sensation on a clinic normal oral mucosa. BMS is not a rare condition, however, mechanisms involved in their development remains poorly understood. The aim of this paper was to carry out a review of literature about this syndrome, highlighting the main etiological factors as an approach to the management of this condition.

El síndrome de boca ardiente (SBA) es una enfermedad crónica que se caracteriza por una sensación de quemazón de la mucosa bucal, que impresiona clínicamente normal. Es una entidad nosológica frecuente, sin embargo, los mecanismos implicados en su desarrollo en la actualidad son poco conocidos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue llevar a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre dicho síndrome y se hizo énfasis en sus principales factores etiológicos y en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. El SBA es una afección multifactorial compleja, debido a la diversidad de sus síntomas, dificultad en el tratamiento y las características psicológicas particulares de los pacientes. El diagnóstico correcto es el elemento principal para establecer el tratamiento. Es necesario realizar nuevas investigaciones para aclarar con precisión las causas del SAB, especialmente en la forma primaria.

The association among clinicopathological features and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression was evaluated in twenty-nine cases of intra-oral mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). MEC was prevalent in the female gender (79.3%), tumors were more frequent in ages between 21 and 40 years (48.3%), and the palate was the most commonly affected site (72.4%). Microscopically, 27 cases (93.1%) were classified as low grade of malignancy. The c-erbB-2 expression was considered positive in 9 (31%) cases and no significant association (p>0.05) was found among protein expression and gender ñor between patient age and site or histological grade of the lesión. c-erbB-2 expression in MEC may reflect intrisinc biologic properties of salivary gland neoplasms and may be linked to histogenesis and cellular differentiaton.

Fueron evaluados 29 casos de carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraoral en sus aspectos clínico-patológicos, además de la expresión de la oncoproteina c-erbB-2. El carcinoma mucoepidermoide fue predominante en las mujeres (79,3%), siendo más frecuente en individuos entre 21 y 40 años de edad (48,3%). El paladar fue el sitio más comunmente afectado (72,4%). Microscópicamente, 27 casos (93,1%) fueron clasificados como de baja malignidad. La expresión del c-erbB-2 se consideró positiva en 9 (31%) casos y no fue observada ninguna asociación significativa (p>0,05) entre la expresión de la proteína y género, ni entre la edad de los pacientes y el sitio o el grado histológico de la lesión. La expresión de la c-erbB-2 en el carcinoma mucoepidermoide puede mostrar las propiedades biológicas intrísecas de las neoplasias de las glándulas salivales.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a notificação, no Distrito Federal (DF), de casos de tuberculose em residentes nos municípios goianos da região do Entorno e possíveis influências no Plano de Controle da Tuberculose; analisar a taxa de incidência da tuberculose nos municípios e a interferência da situação socioeconômica e das características demográficas sobre esta taxa. MÉTODO: Analisaram-se dados relativos à incidência de tuberculose, taxas de cura, abandono, falência de tratamento, óbito, transferência e informações socioeconômicas e demográficas de dez municípios goianos. RESULTADOS: No período de 2000 a 2004, foram notificados 714 casos novos de tuberculose em residentes nos municípios estudados, sendo que 436 (61,0%) foram atendidos no DF, não sendo registrados no Sistema de Informação de Goiás. Considerando-se os casos atendidos somente em Goiás, a média de incidência de tuberculose do grupo variou de 4,40 a 10,02/100.000 habitantes; somando-se os atendidos no DF, a incidência aumentou significativamente, variando de 15,16 a 20,54/100.000 habitantes (p < 0,001). A taxa de contatos examinados foi baixa e os resultados de tratamento insatisfatórios, tanto em Goiás como no DF. Os dados socioeconômicos e demográficos foram compatíveis com as taxas de incidência. CONCLUSÃO: O número de casos de tuberculose atendidos pelos próprios municípios foi abaixo do esperado e o atendimento fora do município de residência pode comprometer o controle da tuberculose. A incidência de tuberculose recalculada é compatível com o perfil socioeconômico e demográfico da região. Um sistema de vigilância com base territorial pode ter sua eficiência otimizada, melhor contribuindo para o controle da enfermidade.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate tuberculosis cases occurring in the greater metropolitan area of the Distrito Federal (MADF, encompassing the Federal District, i.e., the national capital of Brasília, located in the state of Goiás) but reported in Brasília itself and to analyze the influence that this has on the effectiveness of the tuberculosis control program, as well as on the collection of socioeconomic and demographic data related to tuberculosis incidence rates. METHODS: Rates of tuberculosis incidence, cure, noncompliance, treatment failure, mortality, and referral, as well as socioeconomic and demographic data, were reviewed for patients from ten MADF cities. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2004, 714 new cases of tuberculosis were reported in the cities studied, 436 (61%) of which were treated in Brasília and were therefore not included in the Goiás database. Among patients treated only in the MADF cities studied, the mean incidence of tuberculosis ranged from 4.40 to 10.02/100,000 inhabitants. When those treated in Brasília were included, the incidence significantly increased, ranging from 15.16 to 20.54/100,000 inhabitants (p < 0.001). The rate at which contacts of tuberculosis patients were investigated was low, and treatment outcomes were unsatisfactory in the MADF cities studied and in Brasília. Socioeconomic and demographic data were consistent with the tuberculosis incidence. CONCLUSION: The number of tuberculosis patients treated in the city in which they resided was lower than expected. Treatment in another city might impair tuberculosis control. The recalculated tuberculosis incidence is consistent with the socioeconomic and demographic profile of the region. A federal surveillance system could be efficiently optimized, improving the control of this disease.

Objective: Metallothionein (MT) may play a preventive role in various carcinogenic process. 4NQO is an alkaline compound and potent mutagen that causes the formation of DNA adducts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of MT in palatal cells of mice submitted to the carcinogen 4NQO. Study design: C57BL/6 mice received applications of 4NQO to palate for periods of 8, 16, 20 and 24 weeks (experimental group). A control group received only applications of propylene glycol for the same periods. Subsequently animals of experimental and control groups were sacrificed and the palate was histologically analysed and MT immunohistochemistry performed. Results: Although morphological atypical features were scant, the expression of MT was higher in the experimental group in comparison to controls. There was an amplified induction of MT expression in oral epithelium of mice treated by 4NQO. Conclusion: These results suggest that MT may act as an endogenous defensive factor against 4NQO in early phases of oral carcinogenesis.

We reported a case of varicosities in the buccal mucosa treated with sclerotherapy. The sclerosant agent used was the monoethanolamine oleate. After three sessions the lesions disappeared and the patient is follow-up.

Describimos un caso clínico de varices en la mucosa yugal que fue tratado con escleroterapia. El agente esclerosante usado fue oleato de monoetanolamina. Después de la tercera sesión las varices desparecieron y la paciente mejoro.