Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract The Antillean manatee occurs discontinuously from the state of Amapá to the state of Alagoas on the coast of Brazil. There is also evidence of reintroduced manatees using the coasts of Sergipe and Bahia, with a preference for calm shallow waters. This study characterized the home range areas of six rehabilitated manatees released in northeastern Brazil. The activities were conducted in the states of Paraíba, Sergipe, and Bahia. Type of environment, substrate, depth, aquatic vegetation, physicochemical variables of the water, presence of solid waste, human settlements, and watercraft were considered to characterize the areas. The results showed a manatee preference for sheltered areas. Resources were available in larger quantities in the dry season, and a reduction in the availability of food items was fund over the years. High overlap was found in the multivariate space of the individuals in terms of the characteristics of the habitats. The estuary of the Paraíba River and the coastal area of Cabedelo Beach in Paraíba showed the greatest amount of solid waste, human settlements, and watercraft. Released manatees exhibited a preference for sites shallower than two meters, with food resources and fresh water availability. Brazil Bahia waters environment substrate depth vegetation waste settlements season years habitats meters

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220574

Brazilian practice guidelines for stroke rehabilitation: part II
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Minelli, Cesar

; Luvizutto, Gustavo José

; Cacho, Roberta de Oliveira

; Neves, Luciana de Oliveira

; Magalhães, Sheila Cristina Sayuri Abe

; Pedatella, Marco Túlio Araújo

; Mendonça, Lucia Iracema Zanotto de

; Ortiz, Karin Zazo

; Lange, Marcos Christiano

; Ribeiro, Priscila Watson

; Souza, Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de

; Milani, Cristiano

; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da

; Costa, Rafael Dalle Molle da

; Conforto, Adriana Bastos

; Carvalho, Fernanda Martins Maia

; Ciarlini, Bruna Silva

; Frota, Norberto Anizio Ferreira

; Almeida, Kelson James

; Schochat, Eliane

; Oliveira, Tatiana de Paula

; Miranda, Camila

; Piemonte, Maria Elisa Pimentel

; Lopes, Laura Cardia Gomes

; Lopes, Camila Galvão

; Tosin, Michelle Hyczy de Siqueira

; Oliveira, Bianca Campos

; Oliveira, Beatriz Guitton Renaud Baptista de

; Castro, Shamyr Sulyvan de

; Andrade, João Brainier Clares de

; Silva, Gisele Sampaio

; Pontes-Neto, Octávio Marques

; Carvalho, João José Freitas de

; Martins, Sheila C. Ouriques

; Bazan, Rodrigo

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Jul 2022, Volume 80 Nº 7 Páginas 741 - 758

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The Brazilian Practice Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation – Part II, developed by the Scientific Department of Neurological Rehabilitation of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, in Portuguese), focuses on specific rehabilitation techniques to aid recovery from impairment and disability after stroke. As in Part I, Part II is also based on recently available evidence from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other guidelines. Part II covers disorders of communication, dysphagia, postural control and balance, ataxias, spasticity, upper limb rehabilitation, gait, cognition, unilateral spatial neglect, sensory impairments, home rehabilitation, medication adherence, palliative care, cerebrovascular events related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the future of stroke rehabilitation, and stroke websites to support patients and caregivers. Our goal is to provide health professionals with more recent knowledge and recommendations for better rehabilitation care after stroke.

Resumo As Diretrizes Brasileiras de Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) - Parte II, desenvolvida pelo Departamento Científico de Reabilitação Neurológica da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia é voltada para intervenções específicas de técnicas de reabilitação de déficits neurológicos e incapacidades. Seguindo o mesmo modelo da Parte I, a Parte II também se baseia em estudos randomizados, revisões sistemáticas, metanálises e outras diretrizes sobre o mesmo tema. A segunda parte aborda os distúrbios da comunicação, disfagia, controle postural e equilíbrio, ataxias, espasticidade, reabilitação do membro superior, marcha, cognição, negligência espacial unilateral, déficits sensoriais, reabilitação domiciliar, aderênciaao usode medicamentos, cuidados paliativos,ofuturodareabilitação no AVC, e websites de orientação sobre AVC para pacientes e cuidadores. Nosso objetivo é fornecer aos profissionais envolvidos na reabilitação conhecimento atualizado e recomendações para um melhor cuidado no pós-AVC.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757692

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: New Chemical Developments and Encouraging in vitro Biological Results for SARS-CoV-2
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Clososki, Giuliano C.

; Soldi, Rafael A.

; Silva, Rodrigo M. da

; Guaratini, Thais

; Lopes, José N. C.

; Pereira, Pâmela R. R.

; Lopes, João L. C.

; Santos, Thiago dos

; Martins, Ronaldo B.

; Costa, Cristina S.

; Carvalho, Andréia N. de

; da Silva, Luis L. P.

; Arruda, Eurico

; Lopes, Norberto P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2020, Volume 31 Nº 8 Páginas 1552 - 1556

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led society to live with a serious public health problem. In this sense, repositioning of antiretrovirals has captured the attention of the scientific community. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is an antiretroviral compound that is used to treat acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and hepatitis B. In this short report, we present a scale-up investigation of TDF by in situ infrared spectroscopy monitoring and a forced degradation study to describe a new degradation product. Finally, we have evaluated TDF in vitro for SARS-CoV-2 for the first time foreseeing the using of this medicine in pre-clinical and clinical investigations for the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) treatment.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200106 1823 downloads

Determination of Methanol in Gasoline and Ethanol Fuels by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
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Dias, Gabriella P.

; Santos, Rafael C. dos

; Carvalho, Renato C.

; Souza, Cristiane G. de

; Santos, Amanda P. F. dos

; Andrade, Débora F. de

; d’Avila, Luiz A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2020, Volume 31 Nº 5 Páginas 1055 - 1063

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Gasoline and ethanol fuels have been adulterated with methanol in Brazil. Methanol is not permitted in concentrations greater than 0.5 vol% due its toxicity but its lower price stimulates the adulteration. A new approach for quantitative analysis of methanol in gasoline and ethanol fuels is reported employing high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with refractive index (RI) detector on C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) using deionized water as mobile phase (0.6 mL min−1). The method showed good analytical performance in terms of linearity for methanol concentration ranging from 0.5 to 4.5 vol% (coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.999) and from 4.0 to 12.0 vol% (R2 = 0.998). The recoveries (accuracy) values ranged from 98.6 to 103.2%. The results indicated that the developed method is accurate and suitable for the determination of methanol in gasoline with ethanol and ethanol fuel as an alternative procedure to gas chromatography (GC)-based techniques.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190272 2006 downloads

Microclimate and thermal comfort indices in silvopastoral systems under different planting directions and seasons
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Carvalho, Rafael P. de

; Heid, Debora M.

; Davide, Livia M. C.

; Piletti, Ligia M. M. da S.

; Jesus, Fernanda L. F. de

; Viegas Neto, Antonio L.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Abr 2020, Volume 24 Nº 4 Páginas 266 - 273

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O direcionamento dos renques das árvores em sistema silvipastoril, associados a diferentes estações do ano, permite maior ou menor penetração de luz solar, resultando em expressiva modificação da composição do microclima e das condições térmicas a serem propiciadas aos animais. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar as variáveis microclimáticas e índices de conforto térmico em sistemas silvipastoris orientados na direção leste-oeste e norte-sul, comparados ao sistema sem sombra nas estações de verão e inverno. O estudo foi realizado na Fazenda Modelo II (21° 08’ S 53º 17’ O, e altitude de 354 m). O delineamento adotado foi em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas sub-subdivididas, com cinco repetições. Nas parcelas foram avaliadas duas direções de plantio e controle (sem sombra). Nas sub-parcelas foram avaliados os horários de coleta e nas sub-subparcelas as distâncias em relação ao renque das árvores de eucalipto. As direções leste-oeste e norte-sul não promoveram alterações nas variáveis climáticas, bem como nos índices de conforto térmico durante o verão. Entretanto, diferenciaram-se para temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, temperatura do globo negro e carga térmica radiante durante o inverno. Os sistemas silvipastoris proporcionam melhoria no ambiente e concomitantemente no conforto térmico animal quando comparados ao sistema sem sombra. Todavia, mesmo na presença de árvores, ocorrem situações de estresse térmico, dependendo do horário do dia e da distância em relação aos renques de eucalipto.

ABSTRACT The orientation of tree-rows in a silvopastoral system associated with different seasons of the year allows more or less sunlight penetration, resulting in deliberate modification of the microclimate composition and thermal conditions provided to animals. In this sense, the aims of this study were to evaluate microclimatic variables and thermal comfort indices for east-west and north-south oriented silvopastoral systems, compared to unshaded systems during summer and winter. The study was conducted at the Modelo II Farm (21° 08’ S 53° 17’ W) at an altitude of 354 m. A randomized block design in scheme of split-split plots with five repetitions was adopted. Two planting directions and a control treatment (unshaded) were evaluated in the plots. Collection times were evaluated in sub-plots, and the distance from eucalyptus trees was evaluated in sub-sub-plots. Changes in the east-west and north-south planting directions did not promote changes in climate variables, nor did they change the thermal comfort indices during summer. There were differences, however, in temperature and relative humidity of the air, black globe temperature, and radiant heat load during winter. Silvopastoral systems provide improvements in the environment and, concomitantly, to the thermal comfort of animals, when compared to unshaded systems. However, thermal stress situations occur despite the presence of trees, depending on the time of the day and the distance from the rows of eucalyptus trees.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n4p266-273 568 downloads

A Kunitz-type peptide from Dendroaspis polylepis venom as a simultaneous inhibitor of serine and cysteine proteases
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Kodama, Roberto Tadashi

; Kuniyoshi, Alexandre Kazuo

; Silva, Cristiane Castilho Fernandes da

; Cajado-Carvalho, Daniela

; Duzzi, Bruno

; Mariano, Douglas Ceolin

; Pimenta, Daniel C.

; Borges, Rafael

; Silva, Wilmar Dias da

; Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2020, Volume 26 elocation e20200037

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Proteases play an important role for the proper physiological functions of the most diverse organisms. When unregulated, they are associated with several pathologies. Therefore, proteases have become potential therapeutic targets regarding the search for inhibitors. Snake venoms are complex mixtures of molecules that can feature a variety of functions, including peptidase inhibition. Considering this, the present study reports the purification and characterization of a Kunitz-type peptide present in the Dendroaspis polylepis venom as a simultaneous inhibitor of elastase-1 and cathepsin L. Methods: The low molecular weight pool from D. polylepis venom was fractionated in reverse phase HPLC and all peaks were tested in fluorimetric assays. The selected fraction that presented inhibitory activity over both proteases was submitted to mass spectrometry analysis, and the obtained sequence was determined as a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor homolog dendrotoxin I. The molecular docking of the Kunitz peptide on the elastase was carried out in the program Z-DOCK, and the program RosettaDock was used to add hydrogens to the models, which were re-ranked using ZRANK program. Results: The fraction containing the Kunitz molecule presented similar inhibition of both elastase-1 and cathepsin L. This Kunitz-type peptide was characterized as an uncompetitive inhibitor for elastase-1, presenting an inhibition constant (Ki) of 8 μM. The docking analysis led us to synthesize two peptides: PEP1, which was substrate for both elastase-1 and cathepsin L, and PEP2, a 30-mer cyclic peptide, which showed to be a cathepsin L competitive inhibitor, with a Ki of 1.96 µM, and an elastase-1 substrate. Conclusion: This work describes a Kunitz-type peptide toxin presenting inhibitory potential over serine and cysteine proteases, and this could contribute to further understand the envenomation process by D. polylepis. In addition, the PEP2 inhibits the cathepsin L activity with a low inhibition constant.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2020-0037 697 downloads

Eradication of eucalyptus sprouts after chemical weeding over time in State of Bahia, Brazil
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MEDAUAR, CAIQUE C.

; SILVA, SAMUEL A.

; CARVALHO, LUIS CARLOS C.

; TIBÚRCIO, RAFAEL A.S.

; LIMA, JULIÃO S.S.

; OLIVEIRA, PHILIPPE S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 elocation e20190601

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study evaluated the eradication of eucalyptus sprouts after chemical weeding using a diagrammatic scale over time. The research was conducted in fields planted with eucalyptus in forest reform areas, in Itabela, Bahia, Brazil, during the pre-planting herbicide application. The application was carried out in five fields, which were considered as sample units of the different treatments. The effectiveness of chemical weeding for controlling sprout growth was evaluated in fifty plants per treatment, randomly selected in three periods after application. The plants were evaluated visually using a diagrammatic scale to assign scores between 1 and 5 to the sprout control percentage. After the visual evaluations, the frequency distribution of the sprouting percentage for each score was calculated. Subsequently, the scores were submitted to a clustering analysis by the Ward method, to evaluate the relationship between different fields and periods for each treatment in homogeneous clusters. The results showed that treatments only controlled the sprouts in the short term, without providing effective eradication. The diagrammatic scoring scale allowed evaluating the vegetative vigor of the eucalyptus sprouts, generating interpretable information on the different evaluated treatments, making it a useful tool for managing silvicultural treatments and evaluating the application efficacy of phytosanitary products.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190601 525 downloads

Approach to Endoscopic Procedures: A Routine Protocol from a Quaternary University Referral Center Exclusively for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients
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Franzini, Tomazo Antonio Prince

; Kotinda, Ana Paula Samy Tanaka

; Moura, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de

; Badana, Márcia Lopes Vicente

; Medeiros, Marion Sielfeld de

; Lima, Patrícia Goulart Rodrigues

; Mello, Brigitte Feiner de

; Kayano, Rafael Priante

; Carmona, Maria José Carvalho

; Rocha, Marcelo Cristiano

; Campos, Aléia Faustina

; McCarty, Thomas R.

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Moura, Maria Luisa do Nascimento

; Thompson, Christopher C.

; Moura, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de

Clinics

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2020, Volume 75 elocation e1989

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: The present coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has ushered in an unprecedented era of quality control that has necessitated advanced safety precautions and the need to ensure the adequate protection of healthcare professionals (HCPs). Endoscopy units, endoscopists, and other HCP may be at a significant risk for transmission of the virus. Given the immense burden on the healthcare system and surge in the number of patients with COVID-19, well-designed protocols and recommendations are needed. We aimed to systematically characterize our approach to endoscopic procedures in a quaternary university hospital setting and provide summary protocol recommendations. METHOD: This descriptive study details a COVID-19-specific protocol designed to minimize infection risks to patients and healthcare workers in the endoscopy unit. RESULTS: Our institution, located in São Paulo, Brazil, includes a 900-bed hospital, with a 200-bed-specific intensive care unit exclusively designed for patients with moderate and severe COVID-19. We highlighted recommendations for infection prevention and control during endoscopic procedures, including appropriate triage and screening, outpatient management and procedural recommendations, role and usage of personal protective equipment (PPE), and role and procedural logistics involving COVID-19-positive patients. We also detailed hospital protocols for reprocessing endoscopes and cleaning rooms and also provided recommendations to minimize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission. CONCLUSION: This COVID-19-specific administrative and clinical protocol can be replicated or adapted in multiple institutions and endoscopy units worldwide. Furthermore, the recommendations and summary protocol may improve patient and HCP safety in these trying times.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1989 1053 downloads

Dual-stage sugar substitution in Tommy Atkins mango
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Medeiros, Rafael A. B. de

; Barros, Zilmar M. P.

; Carvalho, Carlos B. O. de

; Coêlho, Antonio C. D.

; Maciel, Maria I. S.

; Azoubel, Patricia M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jan 2019, Volume 23 Nº 1 Páginas 60 - 64

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A técnica de substituição de açúcar em dois estágios (D3S) foi utilizada para induzir a troca de açúcares na manga. Esta técnica envolve dois estágios, nos quais os açúcares de alto teor calórico são parcialmente removidos das amostras de frutas no primeiro estágio e, no segundo, açúcar de baixa caloria é incorporado à manga. Ondas ultrassônicas podem ser aplicadas em um ou ambos estágios e seu uso também foi avaliado neste trabalho. Os resultados indicaram que submeter as amostras às ondas ultrassônicas (25 kHz) nos dois estágios e sua imersão em solução a base Stevia (250 ou 500 g kg-1) no segundo estágio por 10, 20 e 30 min de processamento resultou em maiores perdas de água durante o processo, enquanto maiores valores de ganho de sólidos foram obtidos pela aplicação do ultrassom apenas no primeiro estágio. As amostras também foram avaliadas em relação a alguns parâmetros de qualidade. O uso desta técnica resultou em amostras com maiores valores de fenólicos totais e em mudanças nos parâmetros de cor (L*, a* e b*). Quando as amostras foram submetidas às ondas ultrassônicas em ambos estágios, uma maior retenção de carotenoides foi observada.

ABSTRACT The dual-stage sugar substitution technique (D3S) was used to induce sugar replacement in mango. It involved two stages, in which high-calorie sugars were partially removed from the fruit samples in the first stage and, in the second one, low-calorie sugar was incorporated into the mango. Ultrasonic waves can be applied in one or both stages and their use was also evaluated in this study. Results showed that submitting samples to ultrasonic waves (25 kHz) in both stages and their immersion in Stevia-based solution (250 or 500 g kg-1) in the second stage for 10, 20 and 30 min of processing gave higher water loss during the process, while greater solids gain could be achieved by applying ultrasound only in the first stage. Samples were also evaluated in terms of some quality parameters. The use of this technique resulted in samples with higher values of total phenolic content and changes in color parameters (L*, a* and b*). When samples were subjected to ultrasonic waves in both stages, a higher carotenoid retention was observed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n1p60-64 593 downloads

10.

Robot - assisted laparoscopic local recurrence resection after radical prostatectomy
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Torricelli, Fabio C. M.

; Carvalho, Paulo Afonso de

; Guglielmetti, Giuliano B.

; Nahas, William C.

; Coelho, Rafael F.

International braz j urol

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Jan 2019, Volume 45 Nº 1 Páginas 192 - 192

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction and objective: Local prostate cancer recurrence is usually treated with salvage radiation (sRDT) with or without adjuvant therapy. However, surgical resection could be an option. We aim to present the surgical technique for robot - assisted laparoscopic resection prostate cancer local recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) and sRDT in 2 cases. Patients and method: First case depicts a 70 year - old man who underwent RP in 2001 and sRDT in 2004. Following adjuvant therapy, patient had biochemical recurrence. MRI showed a solid mass in the prostatic fossa close to vesicourethral anastomosis, measuring 2.1 cm and PET / CT revealed hyper caption significant uptake in the prostatic fossa. Second case is a 59 year - old man who underwent RP in 2010 and sRDT in 2011. Again, patient presented with biochemical recurrence. PET / CT showed hyper caption in the prostatic fossa. Biopsy conformed a prostate adenocarcinoma. Both patients underwent robot - assisted extended pelvic lymph nodes dissection and local recurrence resection. A standard 4 robotic arms port placement was utilized. Results: Both procedures were uneventfully performed in less than 3 hours and there were no complications. Pathological examination showed a prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason 7 and 8 in the first and second case, respectively; surgical margins and lymph nodes were negative. After 6 months of follow-up, continence was not affected and both patients presented with PSA < 0.15 ng / mL. Conclusion: Robot - assisted laparoscopic resection of prostate cancer local recurrence after RP and sRDT detected by PSMA PET / CT seems to be safe in experienced hands. It may postpone adjuvant therapy in selected cases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0503 492 downloads

11.

Cetacean movements in coastal waters of the southwestern Atlantic ocean
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Santos, Marcos C. de O.

; Laílson-Brito, José

; Flach, Leonardo

; Oshima, Júlia E. F.

; Figueiredo, Giovanna C.

; Carvalho, Rafael R.

; Ventura, Elisa S.

; Molina, Julia M. B.

; Azevedo, Alexandre F.

Biota Neotropica

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2019, Volume 19 Nº 2 elocation e20180670

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Cetáceos foram monitorados em cerca de 700 km da costa sudeste do Brasil (22°S a 25°S) entre 1995 e 2014 com o uso da fotoidentificação. O objetivo deste estudo foi de identificar quaisquer presenças de movimentos de longa distância de indivíduos das espécies monitoradas e discutir suas implicações. Dados de movimentos de longa distância de quatro das espécies monitoradas são apresentados após a análise de 321.765 fotos obtidas para identificações individuais. Sete indivíduos de quatro populações de boto-cinza (Sotalia guianensis) consideradas residentes a estuários e baías particulares foram reportados em movimentos de dispersão envolvendo pares de áreas protegidas em distâncias que variaram entre 86 e 135 km. Três golfinhos-de-dentes-rugosos (Steno bredanensis) catalogados e avistados primeiramente na Baía de Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro (22°46'S), em novembro de 2011, foram avistados 240 km mais ao sul como membros de um mesmo grupo nas águas costeiras do Estado de São Paulo (23°46'S) em julho de 2014. A profundidade da água onde essas avistagens aconteceram variou entre 16 e 52,7 m; avistagens de golfinhos-de-dentes-rugosos têm sido efetuadas em águas rasas na costa sudeste do Brasil, embora a distribuição global da espécie esteja associada a águas profundas. Em um intervalo de 27 dias na primavera de 2012, um grupo de 16 orcas (Orcinus orca) se desclocou cerca de 277 km em águas rasas variando entre 20 e 30 m. Orcas são comumente avistadas entre novembro e fevereiro no sudeste do Brasil, possivelmente em busca de presas. Nos meses de verão entre 2012 e 2014, três baleias-de-Bryde (Balaenoptera edeni) avistadas em águas de 14 a 49 m de profundidade, moveram-se entre 218 e 327 km. baleias-de-Bryde são encontradas em águas costeiras locais onde passam os meses de verão se alimentando de sardinhas. Até o presente momento, esses são os deslocamentos estimados como os de maiores distâncias observados para S. guianensis, S. bredanensis, O. orca and B. edeni no Atlântico Sudoeste.

Abstract: Cetaceans were monitored along ca. 700 km of the southeast coast of Brazil (22°S to 25°S) from 1995 to 2014 using photo-identification. The objective of this study was to identify any presence of long-distance movements for monitored cetacean species and discuss implications. Data on long-range movements of four of the monitored species are presented after the analysis of 321,765 photographs taken for individual identification. Seven individuals from four populations of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) considered resident to particular estuaries or bays were reported in dispersal involving movement between pairs of protected areas over long-range distances varying between 86 and 135 km. Three cataloged rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis), first seen in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro state (22°46'S) in November 2011, were sighted 240 km southwards as members of the same group in coastal waters of São Paulo state (23°46'S) in July 2014. Water depth for those sightings ranged from 16 to 52.7 m; local sightings of rough-toothed dolphins in Brazil have frequently been in shallow waters, but the species global distribution is usually associated with deeper waters. In a 27-day interval in the spring of 2012, a group of 16 orcas (Orcinus orca) travelled ca. 277 km in shallow coastal waters ranging from 20 to 30 m deep. Orcas are commonly observed between November and February in southeast Brazil, probably in search for prey. In summer months between 2012 and 2014, three Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni) sighted in waters ranging from 14 to 49 m deep, moved between 218 and 327 km. Bryde's whales are usually found in local coastal waters where they spend summer months feeding on sardines. To date, these are the longest estimated movements reported to S. guianensis, S. bredanensis, O. orca and B. edeni in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2018-0670 1777 downloads

12.

Generation of a triple-fluorescent mouse strain allows a dynamic and spatial visualization of different liver phagocytes in vivo
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NAKAGAKI, BRENDA N.

; FREITAS-LOPES, MARIA A.

; CARVALHO, ÉRIKA

; CARVALHO-GONTIJO, RAQUEL

; CASTRO-OLIVEIRA, HORTÊNCIA M.

; REZENDE, RAFAEL M.

; CARA, DENISE C.

; SANTOS, MÔNICA M.

; LOPES, RODRIGO PESTANA

; DAVID, BRUNA A.

; MENEZES, GUSTAVO B.

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2019, Volume 91 elocation e20170317

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Resident and circulating immune cells have been extensively studied due to their almost ubiquitous role in cell biology. Despite their classification under the “immune cell department”, it is becoming increasingly clear that these cells are involved in many different non-immune related phenomena, including fetus development, vascular formation, memory, social behavior and many other phenotypes. There is a huge potential in combining high-throughput assays - including flow cytometry and gene analysis - with in vivo imaging. This can improve our knowledge in both basic and clinical cell biology, and accessing the expression of markers that are relevant in the context of both homeostasis and disease conditions might be instrumental. Here we describe how we generated a novel mouse strain that spontaneously express three different fluorescence markers under control of well-studied receptors (CX3CR1, CCR2 and CD11c) that are involved in a plethora of stages of cell ontogenesis, maturation, migration and behavior. Also, we assess the percentage of the expression and co-expression of each marker under homeostasis conditions, and how these cells behave when a local inflammation is induced in the liver applying a cutting-edge technology to image cells by confocal intravital microscopy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170317 1063 downloads

13.

Consortium of five fungal isolates conditioning root growth and arbuscular mycorrhiza in soybean, corn, and sugarcane
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FARIAS, CHRISTYAN P.

; CARVALHO, RAFAEL C. DE

; RESENDE, FELIPE M.L.

; AZEVEDO, LUCAS C.B.

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Dez 2018, Volume 90 Nº 4 Páginas 3649 - 3660

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Plant growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization were studied in sugarcane, corn and soybean by applying five plant growth promoting fungi: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Pochonia chlamydosporia, Purpureocillium lilacinum, and Trichoderma asperella. Sugarcane, corn and soybean were grown in pots under two treatments: (1) inoculation with the fungal consortium and (2) control without inoculation. In the inoculated treatment, fungal spore suspension were applied to the seeds and shoots were sprayed every 28 days. Means were analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at 5% probability level. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with six replications. Fungi consortium mediate root growth in soybean and corn, and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in soybean and sugarcane. These findings are probably caused by the fungi producing phytohormones and inducing the plants to synthesize phytohormones: auxins for root growth; and jasmonic, abscisic, and salicylic acids with a role in the regulation of mycorrhizal colonization. These effects are important when seeking conservation strategies in agriculture and livestock production, since Fungi consortium can better mediate soil resource acquisition, promoting greater absorption of nutrients and water.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820180161 1791 downloads

14.

Mercury content in the fur of jaguars (Panthera onca) from two areas under different levels of gold mining impact in the Brazilian Pantanal
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MAY JÚNIOR, JOARES A.

; QUIGLEY, HOWARD

; HOOGESTEIJN, RAFAEL

; TORTATO, FERNANDO R.

; DEVLIN, ALLISON

; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, RUI M. DE

; MORATO, RONALDO G.

; SARTORELLO, LEONARDO R.

; RAMPIM, LILIAN E.

; HABERFELD, MARIO

; PAULA, ROGÉRIO C. DE

; ZOCCHE, JAIRO JOSÉ

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Ago 2018, Volume 90 Nº 2 Páginas 2129 - 2139

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The Pantanal is the largest inland wetland in the world and is under increasing anthropogenic threats, including long-term regionally intensive gold mining practices. Gold mining activities are known to cause the release of harmful pollutants such as mercury (Hg) to the surrounding environment. Jaguars (Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758)) are apex predators, and therefore show great potential to accumulate Hg by biomagnification. We hypothesize that total Hg content in the fur of jaguars from two sites within the Brazilian Pantanal would be significantly different as a function of distance from active gold mining operations. The Hg content was determined by fluorescence spectrometry. The mean ± SD Hg content in jaguars from the study site influenced by gold mining (SB) was compared to jaguars sampled in the area free of gold mining activities (CA) using a one-way ANOVA. The mean Hg content in jaguars from SB (673.0 ± 916.8 µg g-1) is significantly different from jaguars sampled in CA (29.7 ± 23.3 µg g-1), p = 0.03. The maximum recorded content of Hg was 2,010.4 ± 150.5 µg g-1, highest level ever recorded in a wild animal. The data indicate that Hg is an important threat to jaguars within at-risk regions of the Pantanal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170190 1753 downloads

15.

Neutral detergent fibre in piglet diets: digestibility, performance, and deposition of body nutrients
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NEPOMUCENO, RAFAEL C.

; WATANABE, PEDRO H.

; FREITAS, EDNARDO R.

; CARVALHO, LUIZ E. DE

; OLIVEIRA, EMANUELA L. DE

; GOMES, THALLES R.

; AGUIAR, GERMANA C.

; CANDIDO, RAYSSA S.

; FERREIRA, JORDÂNIA L.

; VEIRA, ALINI M.

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Mar 2018, Volume 90 Nº 1 Páginas 439 - 448

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT A total 120 piglets with an average live weight of 7.00 kg, weaned at 21 days, were used to evaluate the effect of neutral detergent fibre levels on the digestibility of nutrients and energy from the diets, productive performance, and the composition and rate of deposition of nutrients and energy in the bodies of piglets in the nursery phase. The animals were distributed according to a randomized-block design into five treatments, which consisted of neutral detergent fibre levels, with six replicates and four animals per plot. A quadratic effect was detected for the digestibility coefficients of nutrients and energy, feed intake and weight gain. The increase in fibre level promoted a linear increase in fat content in the carcass, blood, and body, whereas the energy in the carcass, organs, and body showed an inverse response. The results showed a quadratic effect on the nutrient deposition rate in the carcass, organs and body. In conclusion, the best digestibility of nutrients and energy from the diet is obtained with 10-11.5% neutral detergent fibre, as higher weight gain and greater protein deposition in the body are achieved at neutral detergent fibre levels of 10.6% and 10.3%, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720150532 1124 downloads

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