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ABSTRACT Objective: It is important to differentiate between problem and conflict in clinical practice, because the steps suggested in the problem-solving technique are usually not enough to help patients deal with conflicts. This systematic review aimed to: investigate how cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can help in problem solving and conflict mediation; suggest a strategy that can improve conflict mediate skills (QPD). Methods: A search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of science (ISI) and Scopus. Prisma flow diagram was used and experimental articles were selected for full reading. Results: Three hundred and sixty four clinical trials applied problem solving, showing the effectiveness of this technique with other CBT strategies/interventions. CBT guide books: do not differentiate between problem and conflict; describe in detail problem solving steps, focusing on the customer’s perspective, the present moment and the use of logical reason; do not explore conflict mediation in the CBT. We suggest a strategy that can help in the mediation of conflicts: assisting in the collection/organization of information; improving communication – empathic and assertive; favoring choices that can cause the least possible harm to all parties in the conflict. Conclusions: There is detailed description of the steps to train therapists to apply problem solving. However, to improve therapeutic skills to mediate conflicts, clinical practices that have been frequently described/used in the contextual cognitive behavioral therapies may be necessary: psychological acceptance, mindfulness, understanding personal values, experiencing/considering emotion in decision making, activating compassion/self-compassion.

RESUMO Objetivo: Na prática clínica, é importante diferenciar problema e conflito, porque os passos sugeridos na técnica de resolução de problemas costumam não ser suficientes para auxiliar o cliente a lidar com conflitos. Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivos: investigar como a terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) pode auxiliar na resolução de problemas e na mediação de conflito; sugerir uma estratégia que favoreça a melhor capacidade de mediar conflitos (QPD). Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados: PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science (ISI) e Scopus. O método prisma foi utilizado, e foram selecionados para leitura na íntegra artigos experimentais. Resultados: Trezentos e sessenta e quatro ensaios clínicos aplicaram a resolução de problemas, apontando a eficácia dessa técnica juntamente com outras estratégias/intervenções da TCC. Livros-guias de TCC: não diferenciam problema e conflito; descrevem detalhadamente passos para resolução de problemas, focando na perspectiva do cliente, no momento presente e no uso da razão lógica; não abordam a mediação de conflitos pela TCC. Sugerimos uma estratégia que pode ajudar na mediação de conflitos: auxiliando na coleta/organização de informações; melhorando a comunicação – empática e assertiva; favorecendo escolhas com o intuito de causar o menor dano possível a todas as partes envolvidas no conflito. Conclusões: Para treinar terapeutas para aplicarem a resolução de problemas, há descrição detalhada dos passos a serem seguidos. Entretanto, para capacitar os terapeutas para mediarem conflitos, práticas clínicas que têm sido frequentemente descritas/utilizadas nas terapias cognitivas contextuais podem ser necessárias: aceitação psicológica, mindfulness , entender valores individuais, vivenciar/considerar a emoção em tomadas de decisão, ativar a compaixão/autocompaixão.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000404

Central adrenal insufficiency: who, when, and how? From the evidence to the controversies – an exploratory review
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Bitencourt, Mariana Rechia

; Batista, Rafael Loch

; Biscotto, Isabela

; Carvalho, Luciani R.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Ago 2022, Volume 66 Nº 4 Páginas 541 - 550

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) is a life-threatening disorder. This occurs when ACTH production is insufficient, leading to low cortisol levels. Since corticosteroids are crucial to many metabolic responses under organic stress and inflammatory conditions, CAI recognition and prompt treatment are vital. However, the diagnosis of CAI is challenging. This is not only because its clinical presentation is usually oligosymptomatic, but also because the CAI laboratory investigation presents many pitfalls. Thus, the clarification of when to use each test could be helpful in many contexts. The CAI challenge is also involved in treatment: Several formulations of synthetic steroids exist, followed by the lack of a biomarker for glucocorticoid replacement. This review aims to access all available literature to synthesize important topics about who should investigate CAI, when it should be suspected, and how CAI must be treated.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000493

Nonlinear models in the height description of the Rhino sunflower cultivar
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Mello, Anderson Chuquel

; Toebe, Marcos

; Souza, Rafael Rodrigues de

; Paraginski, João Antônio

; Somavilla, Junior Carvalho

; Martins, Vinícius

; Pinto, Antônio Carlos Vieira

Ciência Rural

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2022, Volume 52 Nº 3 elocation e20210213

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O girassol produz aquênios e óleo de qualidade, além de servir para produção de silagem, forragem e biodiesel. A modelagem de crescimento permite conhecer o padrão de crescimento da cultura e otimizar o manejo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o crescimento da cultivar de girassol Rhino por meio dos modelos Logístico e Gompertz e fazer considerações a respeito do manejo com base em pontos críticos. Os dados utilizados são oriundos de três ensaios de uniformidade com a cultivar de girassol confeiteiro Rhino, conduzidos na área experimental da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Frederico Westphalen, na safra 2019/2020. Foram realizadas 14, 12 e 10 avaliações semanais de altura em 10 plantas, respectivamente, no primeiro, segundo e terceiro ensaio. Os dados foram ajustados em função da soma térmica acumulada. Os parâmetros foram estimados por meio do método dos mínimos quadrados ordinários, usando o algoritmo de Gauss-Newton. A qualidade de ajuste dos modelos aos dados foi medida pelo coeficiente de determinação ajustado, critério de determinação de Akaike, critério bayesiano de informação, e por meio da não linearidade intrínseca e paramétrica. Foram determinados os pontos de inflexão (IP), máxima aceleração (MAP), máxima desaceleração (MDP) e desaceleração assintótica (ADP). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com Microsoft Office Excel® e o software R. Os modelos descreveram de forma satisfatória a curva de crescimento da altura do girassol, fornecendo parâmetros com interpretações práticas. O modelo Logístico apresenta melhor qualidade de ajuste, sendo o mais adequado para caracterização da curva de crescimento. Os pontos críticos estimados fornecem informações importantes para o manejo da cultura. As plantas daninhas devem ser controladas até o MAP. As aplicações de fertilizantes em cobertura devem ser realizadas entre MAP e IP. O ADP é um indicador de maturidade, após atingir este ponto, as plantas podem ser colhidas para a produção de silagem sem perda de volume e qualidade.

ABSTRACT: Sunflower produces achenes and oil of good quality, besides serving for production of silage, forage and biodiesel. Growth modeling allows knowing the growth pattern of the crop and optimizing the management. The research characterized the growth of the Rhino sunflower cultivar using the Logistic and Gompertz models and to make considerations regarding management based on critical points. The data used come from three uniformity trials with the Rhino confectionery sunflower cultivar carried out in the experimental area of the Federal University of Santa Maria - Campus Frederico Westphalen in the 2019/2020 agricultural harvest. In the first, second and third trials 14, 12 and 10 weekly height evaluations were performed on 10 plants, respectively. The data were adjusted for the thermal time accumulated. The parameters were estimated by ordinary least square’s method using the Gauss-Newton algorithm. The fitting quality of the models to the data was measured by the adjusted coefficient of determination, Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, and through intrinsic and parametric nonlinearity. The inflection points (IP), maximum acceleration (MAP), maximum deceleration (MDP) and asymptotic deceleration (ADP) were determined. Statistical analyses were performed with Microsoft Office Excel® and R software. The models satisfactorily described the height growth curve of sunflower, providing parameters with practical interpretations. The Logistics model has the best fitting quality, being the most suitable for characterizing the growth curve. The estimated critical points provide important information for crop management. Weeds must be controlled until the MAP. Covered fertilizer applications must be carried out between the MAP and IP range. ADP is an indicator of maturity, after reaching this point, the plants can be harvested for the production of silage without loss of volume and quality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210213 99 downloads

EXEMPLIFICANDO O USO DO MACRO MAPEAMENTO ELEMENTAR POR XRF (MA-XRF) NA INVESTIGAÇÃO FORENSE DE OBRAS DE ARTE
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Pimenta, André R.

; Felix, Valter S.

; Silva, Daniele M.

; Pereira, Marcelo O.

; Oliveira, Ana L.

; Ferreira, Douglas S.

; Carvalho, Cristiano S.

; Silva, Fabricio L.

; Gonçalves, Elicardo A.S.

; Dutra, Rafael S.

; Pereira, Leandro O.

; Pereira, Ronaldo V.

; Freitas, Renato P.

Química Nova

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2022, Volume 45 Nº 3 Páginas 297 - 303

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

EXEMPLIFYING THE USE OF MACRO ELEMENTAL MAPPING BY XRF (MA-XRF) SCANNING IN FORENSIC INVESTIGATION OF ARTWORKS. This work exemplifies the potential of employing macro elemental mapping by XRF (MA XRF) scanning in the forensic investigation of artworks. The results of the investigation of two artworks of different styles and periods are presented and discussed. The images provided by MA-XRF scanning have information about the elemental distribution, which is related to pigments used in the artwork. These images bring different information such as: if there are underlying paintings; if a given pigment was used for the purpose of restoration or in the creation. Therefore, through the images, it is possible to obtain information, which refers to the process of creating the artwork and the history of conservation and restoration. Through the results, it was possible to verify that the two artworks are probably false because they present anachronistic pigments with the supposed period of creation. The analyzes were performed using a portable MA-XRF scanning system, and in addition to presenting the utility of the instrument in these investigations, the work also presents possibilities to explore the MA-XRF data through multivariate statistical analysis and image correlation.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170826

Phytosociology of weeds on Cerrado Mineiro coffee growing farms
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Rodrigues, Rafael J. A.

; Carvalho, Gladyston R.

; Gonçalves, Adenilson H.

; Carvalho, João Paulo F.

; Alcântara, Elifas N. de

; Resende, Laís S.

Advances in Weed Science

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2022, Volume 40 elocation e020220029

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Phytosociological surveys of weeds in agricultural regions, such as the coffee growing Cerrado Mineiro Denomination, are essential for understanding the predominant species in a cultivation area. Objective This study aimed to determine the predominant weed species in coffee crops in Cerrado Mineiro through phytosociological surveys during two periods of the year. Methods 26 coffee farms in 12 municipalities within the Cerrado Mineiro Denomination of Origin of were visited. The inventory square method was used for the phytosociological surveys. In each area, 40 m2 was evaluated and divided into two study periods (summer and winter). Calculations of the variables were performed using the following data: frequency, density, abundance, importance value index, similarity coefficient, rarefaction curve, Shannon index, and hierarchical grouping analysis using Jaccard’s similarity. Results In the summer (rainy period), 54 species from 16 families were found, with Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Amaranthaceae predominating. In winter (dry season), 56 species from 16 families were found, predominantly Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Brassicaceae. There was a predominance of 17 and 16 species, with similarity levels (Jaccard) of 45.58% and 40.78% for summer and winter, respectively. Conclusions The weed community in the Cerrado Mineiro coffee plantation is dominated by two main families, Poacaeae and Asteraceae, with Eleusine indica (summer) and Conyza spp. (winter) being the species with the highest importance values.

https://doi.org/10.51694/advweedsci/2022;40:00013

Association between SNP rs527616 in lncRNA AQP4-AS1 and susceptibility to breast cancer in a southern Brazilian population
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Marchi, Rafael D.

; Mathias, Carolina

; Reiter, Gabriel A. K.

; Lima, Rubens Silveira de

; Kuroda, Flávia

; Urban, Cícero de Andrade

; Souza, Ricardo. L. R. de

; Gradia, Daniela F.

; Ribeiro, Enilze M. S. F.

; Cavalli, Iglenir J.

; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 Nº 1 elocation e20200216

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of death by this disease in women worldwide. Among the factors involved in tumorigenesis, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their differential expression have been associated. Differences in gene expression may be triggered by variations in DNA sequence, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In the present study, we analyzed the rs527616 (C>G), located in the lncRNA AQP4-AS1, using PCR-SSP in 306 BC patients and 312 controls, from a Brazilian population. In the BC group, the frequency found for CG heterozygotes was above the expected and the overdominant model is the best one to explain our results (OR: 1.70, IC 95%: 1.23-2.34, P<0.001). Furthermore, the SNP were associated with age at BC diagnosis and the risk genotype more frequent in the older age group. According to TCGA data, AQP4-AS1 is down-regulated in BC tissue, and the overexpression is associated with better prognoses, including Luminal A, HER2-, stage 1 of disease and smaller tumor. In conclusion, the CG genotype is associated with increased susceptibility in the southern Brazilian population. This SNP is mapped in the lncRNA AQP4-AS1, showing differential expression in BC samples. Based on these results, we emphasize the potential of the role of AQP4-AS1 in cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0216 788 downloads

Development and application of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of sugars and organics acids in araza, ceriguela, guava, mango and pitanga
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Cardoso, Patricia Carvalho

; Sviech, Fernanda

; Reis, Marcella Fernanda Alves

; Iglesias, Amadeu Hoshi

; Oliveira, Rafael Augustus

; Ubbink, Job

; Reyes, Felix G. R.

; Prata, Ana Silvia

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e2020169

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As características intrínsecas de muitas frutas tropicais causam grandes perdas pós-colheita e impedem sua comercialização como frutas frescas. As informações sobre sua composição são cruciais para definir as condições de processamento e identificar oportunidades de desenvolvimento de produtos. No entanto, os métodos analíticos geralmente usados para quantificar açúcares e ácidos orgânicos são caros e demorados. A análise simultânea por Cromatografia Líquida-Ionização por Electrospray-Espectrometria de Massa (LC-ESI-MS/MS) é uma técnica muito sensível e reproduzível, permitindo a quantificação simultânea precisa em sistemas complexos. Assim, desenvolvemos um método LC-ESI-MS/MS de monitoramento de reações múltiplas (MRM) usando coluna de fase reversa para detectar e quantificar açúcares e alguns ácidos orgânicos em apenas quatro minutos, em frutas selecionadas: araza (Psidium cattleianum), ceriguela (Spondias purpurea), manga (Mangifera indica), goiaba (Psidium guajava) e pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.). Todas as frutas apresentaram concentrações semelhantes de glicose e frutose, exceto a pitanga, que apresentou valores superiores. O conteúdo de ácidos cítrico, málico e tartárico foi quantificado; algumas frutas se destacaram pelo alto teor de ácidos orgânicos. Os dados gerados sobre a composição das frutas tropicais permitem estabelecer uma correlação entre o teor de carboidratos e as propriedades físicas das polpas das frutas, auxiliando no desenvolvimento de novos produtos.

Abstract The intrinsic characteristics of many tropical fruits cause high post-harvest losses and prevent their commercialization as fresh fruits. Information about their composition is crucial for defining processing conditions and identifying opportunities for product development. However, the analytical methods generally used to quantify sugars and organic acids are costly and time-consuming. Simultaneous analysis by Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) is a very sensitive and reproducible technique, allowing for accurate simultaneous multi-analyte quantitation in complex systems. Thus, a LC-ESI-MS/MS Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) method was developed using reverse phase column for detecting and quantifying sugars and some organic acids in only 4 min, in selected fruits as following: araza (Psidium cattleianum L.), ciriguela (Spondias purpurea L.), mango (Mangifera indicaL.), guava (Psidium guajava L.) and pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.). All fruits had a similar concentration of glucose and fructose, except for pitanga that presented higher values of both. The content of citric, malic and tartaric acids was quantitated; some fruits stood out by their high content of organic acids, for instance, araza was rich in citric acid. The newly generated data on the composition of tropical fruits allowed establishing a correlation between the carbohydrate content and the physical properties of the fruit pulps, assist in product development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.16920 359 downloads

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: New Chemical Developments and Encouraging in vitro Biological Results for SARS-CoV-2
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Clososki, Giuliano C.

; Soldi, Rafael A.

; Silva, Rodrigo M. da

; Guaratini, Thais

; Lopes, José N. C.

; Pereira, Pâmela R. R.

; Lopes, João L. C.

; Santos, Thiago dos

; Martins, Ronaldo B.

; Costa, Cristina S.

; Carvalho, Andréia N. de

; da Silva, Luis L. P.

; Arruda, Eurico

; Lopes, Norberto P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2020, Volume 31 Nº 8 Páginas 1552 - 1556

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led society to live with a serious public health problem. In this sense, repositioning of antiretrovirals has captured the attention of the scientific community. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is an antiretroviral compound that is used to treat acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and hepatitis B. In this short report, we present a scale-up investigation of TDF by in situ infrared spectroscopy monitoring and a forced degradation study to describe a new degradation product. Finally, we have evaluated TDF in vitro for SARS-CoV-2 for the first time foreseeing the using of this medicine in pre-clinical and clinical investigations for the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) treatment.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200106 1823 downloads

10.

Approach to Endoscopic Procedures: A Routine Protocol from a Quaternary University Referral Center Exclusively for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients
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Franzini, Tomazo Antonio Prince

; Kotinda, Ana Paula Samy Tanaka

; Moura, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de

; Badana, Márcia Lopes Vicente

; Medeiros, Marion Sielfeld de

; Lima, Patrícia Goulart Rodrigues

; Mello, Brigitte Feiner de

; Kayano, Rafael Priante

; Carmona, Maria José Carvalho

; Rocha, Marcelo Cristiano

; Campos, Aléia Faustina

; McCarty, Thomas R.

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Moura, Maria Luisa do Nascimento

; Thompson, Christopher C.

; Moura, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de

Clinics

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2020, Volume 75 elocation e1989

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: The present coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has ushered in an unprecedented era of quality control that has necessitated advanced safety precautions and the need to ensure the adequate protection of healthcare professionals (HCPs). Endoscopy units, endoscopists, and other HCP may be at a significant risk for transmission of the virus. Given the immense burden on the healthcare system and surge in the number of patients with COVID-19, well-designed protocols and recommendations are needed. We aimed to systematically characterize our approach to endoscopic procedures in a quaternary university hospital setting and provide summary protocol recommendations. METHOD: This descriptive study details a COVID-19-specific protocol designed to minimize infection risks to patients and healthcare workers in the endoscopy unit. RESULTS: Our institution, located in São Paulo, Brazil, includes a 900-bed hospital, with a 200-bed-specific intensive care unit exclusively designed for patients with moderate and severe COVID-19. We highlighted recommendations for infection prevention and control during endoscopic procedures, including appropriate triage and screening, outpatient management and procedural recommendations, role and usage of personal protective equipment (PPE), and role and procedural logistics involving COVID-19-positive patients. We also detailed hospital protocols for reprocessing endoscopes and cleaning rooms and also provided recommendations to minimize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission. CONCLUSION: This COVID-19-specific administrative and clinical protocol can be replicated or adapted in multiple institutions and endoscopy units worldwide. Furthermore, the recommendations and summary protocol may improve patient and HCP safety in these trying times.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1989 1053 downloads

11.

A hybrid swarm of manatees along the Guianas coastline, a peculiar environment under the influence of the Amazon River plume
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LIMA, CAMILLA S.

; MAGALHÃES, RAFAEL F.

; MARMONTEL, MIRIAM

; MEIRELLES, ANA CAROLINA

; CARVALHO, VITOR LUZ

; LAVERGNE, ANNE

; THOISY, BENOIT DE

; SANTOS, FABRÍCIO R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 elocation e20190325

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: The West Indian (Trichechus manatus) and Amazonian (T. inunguis) manatees have a sympatric occurrence at the mouth of the Amazon River. A result of this interspecific encounter is the occurrence of hybrids, which are frequently found along the coasts of Amapá state in Brazil, French Guiana and Guyana. Here we present new genetic evidence indicating the occurrence of a hybrid swarm along the Guianas Shield coastline, which is an interspecific hybrid zone that also separates T. manatus populations located east (Brazil) and west (Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, Florida and Antilles). In addition, we suggest that this hybrid population occupies a peculiar mangrove-rich environment under strong influence of the Amazon River plume, which requires an independent management and should be considered a special conservation area.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920190325 1618 downloads

12.

Cetacean movements in coastal waters of the southwestern Atlantic ocean
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Santos, Marcos C. de O.

; Laílson-Brito, José

; Flach, Leonardo

; Oshima, Júlia E. F.

; Figueiredo, Giovanna C.

; Carvalho, Rafael R.

; Ventura, Elisa S.

; Molina, Julia M. B.

; Azevedo, Alexandre F.

Biota Neotropica

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2019, Volume 19 Nº 2 elocation e20180670

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Cetáceos foram monitorados em cerca de 700 km da costa sudeste do Brasil (22°S a 25°S) entre 1995 e 2014 com o uso da fotoidentificação. O objetivo deste estudo foi de identificar quaisquer presenças de movimentos de longa distância de indivíduos das espécies monitoradas e discutir suas implicações. Dados de movimentos de longa distância de quatro das espécies monitoradas são apresentados após a análise de 321.765 fotos obtidas para identificações individuais. Sete indivíduos de quatro populações de boto-cinza (Sotalia guianensis) consideradas residentes a estuários e baías particulares foram reportados em movimentos de dispersão envolvendo pares de áreas protegidas em distâncias que variaram entre 86 e 135 km. Três golfinhos-de-dentes-rugosos (Steno bredanensis) catalogados e avistados primeiramente na Baía de Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro (22°46'S), em novembro de 2011, foram avistados 240 km mais ao sul como membros de um mesmo grupo nas águas costeiras do Estado de São Paulo (23°46'S) em julho de 2014. A profundidade da água onde essas avistagens aconteceram variou entre 16 e 52,7 m; avistagens de golfinhos-de-dentes-rugosos têm sido efetuadas em águas rasas na costa sudeste do Brasil, embora a distribuição global da espécie esteja associada a águas profundas. Em um intervalo de 27 dias na primavera de 2012, um grupo de 16 orcas (Orcinus orca) se desclocou cerca de 277 km em águas rasas variando entre 20 e 30 m. Orcas são comumente avistadas entre novembro e fevereiro no sudeste do Brasil, possivelmente em busca de presas. Nos meses de verão entre 2012 e 2014, três baleias-de-Bryde (Balaenoptera edeni) avistadas em águas de 14 a 49 m de profundidade, moveram-se entre 218 e 327 km. baleias-de-Bryde são encontradas em águas costeiras locais onde passam os meses de verão se alimentando de sardinhas. Até o presente momento, esses são os deslocamentos estimados como os de maiores distâncias observados para S. guianensis, S. bredanensis, O. orca and B. edeni no Atlântico Sudoeste.

Abstract: Cetaceans were monitored along ca. 700 km of the southeast coast of Brazil (22°S to 25°S) from 1995 to 2014 using photo-identification. The objective of this study was to identify any presence of long-distance movements for monitored cetacean species and discuss implications. Data on long-range movements of four of the monitored species are presented after the analysis of 321,765 photographs taken for individual identification. Seven individuals from four populations of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) considered resident to particular estuaries or bays were reported in dispersal involving movement between pairs of protected areas over long-range distances varying between 86 and 135 km. Three cataloged rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis), first seen in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro state (22°46'S) in November 2011, were sighted 240 km southwards as members of the same group in coastal waters of São Paulo state (23°46'S) in July 2014. Water depth for those sightings ranged from 16 to 52.7 m; local sightings of rough-toothed dolphins in Brazil have frequently been in shallow waters, but the species global distribution is usually associated with deeper waters. In a 27-day interval in the spring of 2012, a group of 16 orcas (Orcinus orca) travelled ca. 277 km in shallow coastal waters ranging from 20 to 30 m deep. Orcas are commonly observed between November and February in southeast Brazil, probably in search for prey. In summer months between 2012 and 2014, three Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni) sighted in waters ranging from 14 to 49 m deep, moved between 218 and 327 km. Bryde's whales are usually found in local coastal waters where they spend summer months feeding on sardines. To date, these are the longest estimated movements reported to S. guianensis, S. bredanensis, O. orca and B. edeni in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2018-0670 1777 downloads

13.

Antitumor activity and toxicity of volatile oil from the leaves of Annona leptopetala
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Brito, Monalisa Taveira

; Ferreira, Rafael Carlos

; Beltrão, Daiene Martins

; Moura, Ana Paula Gomes

; Xavier, Aline Lira

; Pita, João Carlos Lima R.

; Batista, Tatianne Mota

; Longato, Giovanna Barbarini

; Ruiz, Ana Lúcia Tasca Góis

; Carvalho, João Ernesto de

; Medeiros, Karina Carla de Paula

; Santos, Sócrates Golzio dos

; Costa, Vicente Carlos de Oliveira

; Tavares, Josean Fechine

; Diniz, Margareth de Fátima F.M.

; Sobral, Marianna Vieira

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Out 2018, Volume 28 Nº 5 Páginas 602 - 609

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Annona leptopetala (R.E.Fr.) H. Rainer, Annonaceae, is used in folk medicine like antitumor and anti-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to determine chemical composition, toxicity and antitumor activity of A. leptopetala leaves volatile oil. Fresh leaves were hydrodistilled and then the volatile oil chemical composition was assessed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Toxicity was assessed using haemolysis, micronucleus and acute toxicity protocols. Antitumor effects were determined in vitro and in vivo, using sulforhodamine B assay and sarcoma 180 murine tumor model, respectively. Spathulenol was the major component identified (12.56%). The volatile oil showed in vitro antitumor activity mainly in leukemia cell line (K-562), with Total growth inhibit (TGI) (concentration producing TGI) of 0.64 µg/ml. In other hand, the volatile oil <250 µg/ml did not inhibit HaCat non-tumor cell line growth. The concentration that produced 50% haemolysis was 372.8 µg/ml. The 50% lethal dose in mice was approximately 447.2 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Sarcoma 180 tumor growth inhibition rates were 59.29% and 58.77% at 100 and 150 mg/kg intraperitoneally, respectively. The volatile oil presented moderate gastrointestinal toxicity and no genotoxicity was observed at 350 mg/kg. Thus, the volatile oil shows antitumor activity with moderate toxicity.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.06.009 796 downloads

14.

Mercury content in the fur of jaguars (Panthera onca) from two areas under different levels of gold mining impact in the Brazilian Pantanal
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MAY JÚNIOR, JOARES A.

; QUIGLEY, HOWARD

; HOOGESTEIJN, RAFAEL

; TORTATO, FERNANDO R.

; DEVLIN, ALLISON

; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, RUI M. DE

; MORATO, RONALDO G.

; SARTORELLO, LEONARDO R.

; RAMPIM, LILIAN E.

; HABERFELD, MARIO

; PAULA, ROGÉRIO C. DE

; ZOCCHE, JAIRO JOSÉ

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Ago 2018, Volume 90 Nº 2 Páginas 2129 - 2139

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The Pantanal is the largest inland wetland in the world and is under increasing anthropogenic threats, including long-term regionally intensive gold mining practices. Gold mining activities are known to cause the release of harmful pollutants such as mercury (Hg) to the surrounding environment. Jaguars (Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758)) are apex predators, and therefore show great potential to accumulate Hg by biomagnification. We hypothesize that total Hg content in the fur of jaguars from two sites within the Brazilian Pantanal would be significantly different as a function of distance from active gold mining operations. The Hg content was determined by fluorescence spectrometry. The mean ± SD Hg content in jaguars from the study site influenced by gold mining (SB) was compared to jaguars sampled in the area free of gold mining activities (CA) using a one-way ANOVA. The mean Hg content in jaguars from SB (673.0 ± 916.8 µg g-1) is significantly different from jaguars sampled in CA (29.7 ± 23.3 µg g-1), p = 0.03. The maximum recorded content of Hg was 2,010.4 ± 150.5 µg g-1, highest level ever recorded in a wild animal. The data indicate that Hg is an important threat to jaguars within at-risk regions of the Pantanal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170190 1753 downloads

15.

Superior Cardiovascular Effect of the Periodized Model for Prescribed Exercises as Compared to the Conventional one in Coronary Diseases
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Macedo, Rafael Michel de

; Macedo, Ana Carolina Brandt de

; Faria-Neto, Jose R.

; Costantini, Costantino R.

; Costantini, Costantino O.

; Olandoski, Marcia

; Sebastião Neto, Flavio

; Silveira, Rafael P. da

; Carvalho, Katherine A. Teixeira de

; Guarita-Souza, Luiz Cesar

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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Ago 2018, Volume 31 Nº 4 Páginas 393 - 404

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamentos: O exercício físico melhora a sobrevida e a qualidade de vida de pacientes coronarianos, mas a maneira ideal de prescrevê-lo é ainda controversa. Objetivo: Criar um modelo periodizado para prescrição de exercícios para pacientes coronarianos e compará-lo com o modelo convencional. Métodos: Randomização de 62 pacientes coronarianos em tratamento farmacológico em dois grupos: treinamento convencional, não periodizado (GNP, n = 33) e periodizado (GP, n = 29). Os dois grupos foram submetidos aos mesmos exercícios durante as 36 sessões do programa, mas prescritos de maneira diferente. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à seguinte avaliação: consulta médica admissional, teste de esforço cardiopulmonar, teste de 1 repetição máxima (1RM) e avaliação da composição corporal. Resultados: O VO2 pico melhorou nos dois grupos, embora de maneira mais efetiva no GP (4% versus 1,7%, p < 0,001). Além disso, a capacidade funcional do GP aumentou em 13%, tendo havido significativa redução no percentual de gordura corporal (2,1%, p < 0,005) e no peso corporal (1,9 kg, p < 0,005). A força muscular nos dois grupos melhorou como diagnosticado pelo teste de 1RM para seis diferentes grupos musculares (quádriceps, isquiotibiais, bíceps, tríceps braquial, peitoral e grande dorsal), mas sem diferença significativa entre os grupos, tendo os dois modelos a mesma eficiência. Conclusões: O presente estudo mostrou que a periodização do treinamento de pacientes cardíacos pode melhorar a capacidade cardiorrespiratória e reduzir a porcentagem de gordura corporal mais efetivamente do que o modelo convencional.

Abstract Background: Physical exercise improves the survival and quality of life of coronary patients, but the ideal way of prescribing these exercises is still controversial. Objective: To create a new periodized model for the prescription of exercises for coronary patients and compare it with a conventional model. Methods: 62 coronary patients under pharmacological treatment were randomized into two groups: conventional (NPG, n = 33) and periodized (PG, n = 29) training. The two groups were submitted to the same exercises during the 36 sessions making up the program, but prescribed in different ways. All patients underwent an evaluation consisting of: medical admission consultancy, cardiopulmonary endurance testing, 1 maximum repetition test (1MR) and body composition evaluation. Results: The VO2 peak improved in both groups, although more effectively in the PG (4% against 1.7%, p < 0.001). In addition, the functional capacity of this group improved by 13%, and there was a significant reduction in the percent body fat (2.1%, p < 0.005) and body weight (1.9 kg, p < 0.005). The muscle strength of both groups improved as diagnosed by the 1RM test for six different muscle groups (quadriceps, hamstrings, brachial biceps, brachial triceps, pectoral and large dorsal), and showed no significant difference between the groups, evidencing that the two models had the same efficiency. Conclusions: The present study showed that periodization of the training of cardiac patients can improve their cardiorespiratory capacity and reduce the percent body fat more effectively than the conventional one.

https://doi.org/10.5935/2359-4802.20180036 3142 downloads

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