Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Shade-tolerant soybean genotypes will allow their greater adoption for use in agroforestry or intercropped systems in tropical and subtropical regions. These genotypes can be obtained from the selection of existing superior genotypes or through breeding programs. This study, was verified such genetic variability and select those genotypes with cultivation potential at reduced levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Morphophysiological and yield characteristics of 16 soybean genotypes were evaluated in two experiments conducted in a controlled environment and laid in a randomized block design with three replications. Genetic parameters, correlations and genetic diversity were estimated and path analysis was performed. The soybean cultivars used showed genetic variability with a high variation index and heritability, which is advantageous for the selection of superior cultivars. Leaf area showed genotypic correlation and had a direct effect on seed weight per plant, regardless of shading. Additionally, the number of pods, hypocotyl diameter, and leaf area, all indirectly contributed to seed weight per plant regardless of shading. Seven genotypes (NS7780, NS8338, NS7667, NS7901, RK8115, CZ37B43 and 8579RSF) were selected based on genetic gain obtained by the Mulamba and Mock index at the two levels of PAR reduction tested. Furthermore, five of these genotypes (CZ37B43, RK8115, NS7901, NS8338 and 8579RSF) were identified by the Unweighted Pair-Group method Arithmetic Mean, as suitable either as a shaded crop or, as parental materials in breeding programs.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20240009

Segmentación de tejido cerebral mediante redes neuronales convolucionales basadas en U-Net UNet U Net
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Jiménez-Murillo, David

; Henao-Garcés, Stiven Alexander

; Castro-Ospina, Andrés Eduardo

; Duque-Muñoz, Leonardo

; Nieto-Mora, Daniel

RISTI - Revista Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação

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Dez 2023, Nº 52 Páginas 5 - 24

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive method that produces volumetric, high-resolution anatomy images. This method is commonly used for diagnosing various brain pathologies, such as demyelinating diseases, dementia, cerebrovascular diseases, and epilepsy, among others. However, manually segmenting tissues in these images is a complex task that requires a significant amount of time and effort from specialists. To address this, various strategies have been proposed in the literature that involve less expert involvement, both automatic and semi-automatic. In this study, a comparison is made between a convolutional neural network based on U-Net architecture and two other MRI segmentation methods, Dipy and FSL. The comparison uses three publicly available datasets, MRBrainS13, MRBrainS18, and IBSR, which contain MRI volumes with manually segmented brain tissues. The performance of each method is evaluated using four measures of similarity: The Dice coefficient, the Jaccard index, the area under the curve, and structural similarity. The results demonstrate that the methods based on convolutional neural networks achieve segmentations that are more similar to those performed manually by an expert compared to the other methods. (MRI noninvasive non invasive volumetric highresolution high resolution pathologies diseases dementia epilepsy others However specialists involvement semiautomatic. semiautomatic semi automatic. semi-automatic study UNet U Net FSL datasets MRBrainS13 MRBrainS MRBrainS18 IBSR similarity coefficient index curve MRBrainS1

Resumen La Resonancia Magnética (MRI, por sus siglas en inglés) es un método no invasivo que produce imágenes anatómicas volumétricas de alta resolución. Este método se utiliza comúnmente para diagnosticar diversas patologías cerebrales, como enfermedades desmielinizantes, demencia, enfermedades cerebrovasculares, epilepsia, entre otras. Sin embargo, la segmentación manual de tejidos en estas imágenes es una tarea compleja que requiere una cantidad significativa de tiempo y esfuerzo por parte de especialistas. Para abordar esto, se han propuesto diversas estrategias en la literatura que implican menos participación de expertos, tanto automáticas como semiautomáticas. En este estudio, se realiza una comparación entre una red neuronal convolucional basada en la arquitectura U-Net y otros dos métodos de segmentación de MRI, Dipy y FSL. La comparación utiliza tres conjuntos de datos disponibles públicamente, MRBrainS13, MRBrainS18 e IBSR, que contienen volúmenes de MRI con tejidos cerebrales segmentados manualmente. El rendimiento de cada método se evalúa usando el coeficiente de Dice, el índice de Jaccard, el área bajo la curva y la similitud estructural. Los resultados demuestran que los métodos basados en redes neuronales convolucionales logran mejorar la segmentación de tejido cerebral. (MRI inglés resolución desmielinizantes demencia cerebrovasculares epilepsia otras embargo especialistas esto expertos semiautomáticas estudio UNet U Net FSL públicamente MRBrainS13 MRBrainS MRBrainS1 IBSR manualmente Dice Jaccard estructural cerebral

https://doi.org/10.17013/risti.52.5-24

Evaluation of different levels of dietary protein and lipids on the growth, feed efficiency, and biometric and hematological indexes of juvenile white snooks, Centropomus viridis
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Abdo-de la Parra, María Isabel

; Rodríguez-Ibarra, Luz Estela

; Ibarra-Castro, Leonardo

; Martínez-Brown, Juan Manuel

; Álvarez-González, Carlos Alfonso

; Peña, Emyr

; Velasco-Blanco, Gabriela

; Domínguez-Jiménez, Patricia

; Rodríguez-Montes de Oca, Gustavo

Ciencias marinas

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Dez 2023, Volume 49 elocation e3368

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of various levels of protein and dietary lipids on white snook (Centropomus viridis) performance. A 4 × 2 factorial design was used with 4 protein levels (40%, 46%, 52%, and 58%) and 2 lipid levels (10% and 13%), with 3 replicates per treatment. Fish with an initial weight of 14.80 ± 0.80 g were fed to apparent satiety 3 times a day for 6 weeks. Juvenile growth showed no significant differences among treatments. Feed efficiency was only affected by the protein level in the diet, and the best feed efficiency ratio was obtained with the 52% protein diets; the protein efficiency ratio was significantly lower with the 58% protein diets. The hepatosomatic index decreased with increasing protein content, and the peritoneal fat index increased with dietary lipid level. The condition factor was not affected by the dietary protein or lipid level. Hematocrit and total plasma protein were significantly higher at 40% protein; blood glucose and triglycerides were affected by both nutrients. It is concluded that juvenile C. viridis can be fed diets containing 40% protein and 10% lipids and a protein/energy ratio of 20.69 mg·kJ-1, under the experimental conditions of this study.

Resumen. Se llevó a cabo un experimento para evaluar el efecto de varios niveles de proteína y lípidos dietéticos en el rendimiento de juveniles de robalo blanco (Centropomus viridis). Se realizó un diseño factorial 4 × 2 con 4 niveles de proteína (40%, 46%, 52% y 58%) y 2 niveles de lípidos (10% y 13%), con 3 replicados por tratamiento. Los peces con un peso inicial de 14.80 ± 0.80 g se alimentaron a saciedad aparente 3 veces al día durante 6 semanas. El crecimiento de los juveniles no presentó diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos. La eficiencia alimenticia solo fue afectada por el nivel de proteína en la dieta, y la mejor tasa de eficiencia alimenticia se obtuvo con las dietas con 52% de proteína; el índice de eficiencia proteica fue significativamente menor con las dietas con 58% de proteína. El índice hepatosomático disminuyó al aumentar el contenido de proteína, y el índice de grasa peritoneal aumentó con el nivel de lípidos en la dieta. El factor de condición no fue afectado por el nivel de proteína o lípidos dietéticos. El hematocrito y la proteína total del plasma fueron significativamente mayores con las dietas con 40% de proteína; la glucosa y los triglicéridos en la sangre fueron afectados por ambos nutrientes. Se concluye que los juveniles de C. viridis pueden ser alimentados con dietas que contengan 40% de proteína y 10% de lípidos y una relación proteína/energía de 20.69 mg·kJ-1, bajo las condiciones experimentales de este estudio.

https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.y2023.3368

Ontogeny of digestive enzymes in larvae of the Clown Anemonefish, Amphiprion ocellaris (Perciformes: Pomacentridae)
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Velasco-Blanco, Gabriela

; Álvarez González, Carlos-Alfonso

; De-la-Parra, Maria-Isabel-Abdo

; Rodríguez-Ibarra, Luz-Estela

; Ibarra-Castro, Leonardo

; Maytorena-Verdugo, Claudia-I.

; Arias-Jiménez, José-Natividad

; Peña-Marín, Emyr-Saul

Revista de Biología Tropical

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Dez 2023, Volume 71 Nº 1 elocation e51085

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: El pez payaso (Amphiprion ocellaris) es la especie de pez más popular en el comercio de acuarios marinos; sin embargo, falta información sobre su fisiología digestiva durante la ontogenia larval, información valiosa necesaria para protocolos de diseño y manejo dietético. Objetivo: Caracterizar las enzimas digestivas tempranas de larvas de A. ocellaris. Métodos: Usamos tres homogenados (con 10 larvas cada uno) y extrajimos 10 muestras por tanque, justo antes de la eclosión hasta el día 38. Analizamos la actividad específica de proteasas ácidas y alcalinas, tripsina, quimotripsina, leucina aminopeptidasa y lipasa; e hicimos zimogramas de proteasas ácidas y alcalinas. Resultados: Detectamos todas las enzimas medidas en la eclosión. La actividad de proteasas ácidas incrementó hasta el día 38. Proteasas alcalinas, tripsina, quimotripsina, y leucina aminopeptidasa tuvieron el mismo patrón, con actividad máxima en el octavo día, decreciendo en el día 38. Hubo picos en la actividad lipasa a los ocho y 30 días. El zimograma ácido tuvo una banda única, apareciendo al octavo día. Se hallaron ocho proteasas alcalinas (154.2, 128.1, 104.0, 59.8, 53.5, 41.9, 36.5 y 25.1 KDa), con siete bandas al primer día, y todas las bandas entre el tercer y octavo día, bajando a dos bandas (41.9 y 25.1 KDa) al día 38. Conclusión: A. ocellaris tiene un estómago funcional al octavo día, y, al día 38, un patrón digestivo omnívoro con tendencias carnívoras.

Abstract Introduction: The Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) is the most popular fish species in the marine aquarium trade; however, there is a lack of information on their digestive physiology during larval ontogeny, valuable information needed for diet design and management protocols. Objective: To characterize the early digestive enzymes of A. ocellaris larvae. Methods: We used three pools (10 larvae each) and extracted 10 samples per tank, from just before hatching to the 38th day. We analyzed the specific activity of acid and alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, leucine aminopeptidase and lipase; and did acid and alkaline protease zymograms. Results: We detected all measured enzymes at hatching. Acid proteases increased in activity until the 38th day. Alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and leucine aminopeptidase had the same pattern, and maximum activity on the 8th day, decreasing at the 38th day. Lipase activity peaked on the 8th and 30th day. The acid zymogram had a single band, appearing on the 8th day. A total of eight alkaline proteases were revealed (154.2, 128.1, 104.0, 59.8, 53.5, 41.9, 36.5 and 25.1 KDa), with seven bands on the 1st day and all bands from the 3rd to 8th day, decreasing at two bands (41.9 and 25.1 KDa) in the 38th day. Conclusion: A. ocellaris has a functional stomach on the 8th day, and, on the 38th day, a digestive omnivore pattern with a tendency to carnivory.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v71i1.51085

Modeling the percentage of solids in bauxite mining tailings using geoprocessing
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Lima Filho, Mauro de Castro

; Silva, Patrícia Sousa

; Alencar, Júlio

; Oliveira, Fabrícia Benda de

; Silva, Cácio José da

; Agripino, Leonardo

REM - International Engineering Journal

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Dez 2023, Volume 76 Nº 4 Páginas 345 - 352

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Linked to important pillars of the Brazilian economy, studies related to mining and the use of UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) have been gaining ground in recent years, especially related to the geotechnics of dams and precision agriculture. However, the interdisciplinarity needed to carry out more robust analyses are still lacking in some areas, which brings up good opportunities to be explored. In this sense, the present study combined products obtained through different activities and methodologies, aiming at a solution that provides predictability to the mining dam management process, specifically linked to modeling and obtaining data on solid content in the tailings, arising from the processing of bauxite, based on geoprocessing. The activities necessary to achieve the sought objectives covered, briefly: 2021 tailings sampling campaign carried out in the Plateau Disposal System (RP1), laboratory analyses (humidity), aerial survey with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), geoprocessing for the extraction of luminosity values of images and statistical analysis of dispersion. As a result, it was observed that the increase in the number of drying cracks (highlighted in the images by dark pixels) is directly related to the drying of the waste (increase in the percentage of solids), whose quadratic model presents an excellent relationship between the values of the pixels in the images and percentage of solids from laboratory data, implying a determination coefficient of 91.74%. Furthermore, gains in security, predictability and economy for the processes stand out, when compared to the traditional methods applied, in addition to an excellent potential to be developed in future studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0370-44672022760079

Alta responsável e relações interprofissionais na perspectiva e no agir da enfermagem em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19
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Andreazza, Rosemarie

; Chioro, Arthur

; Bragagnolo, Larissa Maria

; Silva, Franciele Finfa da

; Pereira, Ana Lucia

; Mauri, Leonardo

; Rodrigues, Elen Paula

; Furtado, Lumena Almeida de Castro

; Carapinheiro, Graça

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Out 2023, Volume 28 Nº 10 Páginas 3023 - 3032

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Com o objetivo de analisar as relações interprofissionais produzidas a partir da alta responsável, na perspectiva e no agir da enfermagem durante o a pandemia de COVID-19, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, tipo estudo de caso. A técnica de pesquisa foi a observação participante de uma enfermaria de hospital de grande porte do SUS na cidade de São Paulo. A produção de narrativas e a análise micropolítica das relações fez emergir dois planos de visibilidade: para além da alta responsável - a antropofagia dos arranjos tecnológicos do cuidado e a ambivalência da enfermagem na produção das relações interprofissionais; e alta médico-centrada e alta negociada - o entrecruzamento com outros profissionais, com as famílias e com a vida “como ela é”. A pandemia de COVID interrompeu as visitas multiprofissionais e foi um analisador das relações interprofissionais. A partir de uma inteligência astuciosa, a enfermagem negocia a alta com os médicos, que detêm este poder, e aciona a equipe, a partir de uma autonomia elástica. A alta responsável por si só não foi capaz de produzir um plano comum de ação interprofissional, de modificar os papéis instituídos no hospital, situação que recrudesceu durante a pandemia mas abriu condições para o aumento da profissionalização da equipe.

Abstract A qualitative-case study was carried out aimed at analyzing the interprofessional relationships generated by the planned discharge from the nursing actions’ perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study method was the participating observation by one nurse who works in a large SUS hospital in the city of São Paulo. The production of narratives and the micropolitics analysis resulted in two diverse visibility plans: beyond the planned discharge the anthropophagy of the technological arrangements for care and the ambivalence of the nursing staff in the production of interprofessional relationships; and the medical discharge and negotiated discharge: the intersecting with other professionals, with the families and with “real” life. The pandemic interrupted the multiprofessional visits and it was an analyzer of the interprofessional relationships. Wittingly, the nursing staff negotiates the discharges with physicians, who retain this power, and sets the team in motion using an elastic autonomy. The planned discharge alone was not able to guarantee a common interprofessional action plan, was not able to modify the constituted roles in the hospital, a situation that increased during the pandemic, but allowed the right setting aimed to increase the team’s professionalism.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232810.11092023

Long-term oncological and surgical outcomes after Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in patients with penile cancer
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Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Ornellas, Antonio A.

; Hidaka, Alexandre K.

; Medina, Luis G.

; Mattos, Pablo A. L.

; Besio, Ruben S.

; Abreu, Diego

; Castro, Pedro R.

; Nishimoto, Ricardo H.

; Astigueta, Juan

; Dourado, Aurus

; Machado, Roberto D.

; Magnabosco, Wesley J.

; Corona-Montes, Victor

; Villoldo, Gustavo M.

; Zampolli, Hamilton C.

; Taha, Anis

; Auad, Pericles R.

; Faria, Eliney F.

; Arantes, Paulo B. O.

; Tavares, Alessandro

; Nascimento, Francisco S. M. S.

; Brazão Jr., Eder S.

; Rocha, Maurício M.

; Costa, Walter H.

; Panico, Vinicius

; Reis, Leonardo O.

; Almeida-Carrera, Roberto J.

; Silva, Rafael C.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Calixto, José R. R.

; Sotelo, Rene

International braz j urol

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Out 2023, Volume 49 Nº 5 Páginas 580 - 589

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Alta responsável e relações interprofissionais na perspectiva e no agir da enfermagem em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19
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Andreazza, Rosemarie

; Chioro, Arthur

; Bragagnolo, Larissa Maria

; Silva, Franciele Finfa da

; Pereira, Ana Lucia

; Mauri, Leonardo

; Rodrigues, Elen Paula

; Furtado, Lumena Almeida de Castro

; Carapinheiro, Graça

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Out 2023, Volume 28 Nº 10 Páginas 3023 - 3032

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232810.11092023

Effects of automotive diesel oil on germination of Avicennia germinans and Laguncularia racemosa mangrove propagules
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MARTINS, Josélia Castro da Silva

; MOCHEL, Flávia Rebelo

; ZANANDREA, Ilisandra

; AZEVEDO, James Werllen de Jesus

; LIMA, Leonardo Gonçalves de

; BEZERRA, Denilson da Silva

; ABREU, Emilly Gabrielle do Nascimento

; SILVA, Marcelle da Silva e

; LIMA, Aline Maria Silva

Acta Amazonica

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Set 2023, Volume 53 Nº 3 Páginas 264 - 270

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Mangrove ecosystems are sensitive to oil, as spills can impair developmental processes of mangrove vegetation. Since the 2010s, the Brazilian equatorial margin, more specifically the Pará-Maranhão Basin and the mouth of the Amazonas River, has been affected by oil runoff from urban activities and the increased risk from exploratory deepwater drilling for oil extraction. Dispersal of mangrove propagules occurs during the tidal cycles, when the presence of tensors in the water can affect germination. We analyzed the effects of diesel oil on the germination of propagules of the two most common mangrove species in the region, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia germinans, in six treatments of diesel oil in the water (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3% and 4%) and a diesel-free control. The response variables were germinability (G%), mean germination time, mean germination speed and the germination speed index (GSI). G% and GSI in L. racemosa propagules differed significantly between the control and all treatments (G% and GSI < 10% in the 3% treatment). Propagules of A. germinans were more resistant, and the physiological variables did not differ significantly among treatments and control (G% > 90% in all treatments). Our results indicate that, at the germination stage, L. racemosa was more susceptible than A. germinans to contamination by automotive diesel oil.

RESUMO Os ecossistemas de manguezais são sensíveis ao óleo, pois os derramamentos podem prejudicar os processos de desenvolvimento da vegetação de mangue. Desde a década de 2010, a margem equatorial brasileira, mais especificamente a Bacia do Pará-Maranhão e a foz do Rio Amazonas, vem sendo afetada pelo vazamento de petróleo proveniente de atividades urbanas e pelo aumento do risco de perfurações exploratórias em águas profundas para extração de petróleo. A dispersão dos propágulos do manguezal ocorre durante os ciclos das marés, quando a presença de tensores na água pode afetar a germinação. Analisamos os efeitos do óleo diesel na germinação de propágulos de duas espécies de mangue mais comuns na região, Laguncularia racemosa e Avicennia germinans, em seis tratamentos de óleo diesel na água (0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, 2%, 3% e 4%) e um controle sem óleo diesel. As variáveis resposta foram germinabilidade (G%), tempo médio de germinação, velocidade média de germinação e índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). G% e IVG dos propágulos de L. racemosa diferiram significativamente entre o controle e todos os tratamentos (G% e GSI < 10% no tratamento 3%). Os propágulos de A. germinans foram mais resistentes e as variáveis fisiológicas não diferiram significativamente entre tratamentos e controle (G% > 90% em todos os tratamentos). Nossos resultados indicam que, no estágio de germinação, L. racemosa foi mais suscetivel que A. germinans à contaminação por óleo diesel automotivo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202202342

10.

Saúde digital e a plataformização do Estado brasileiro
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Rachid, Raquel

; Fornazin, Marcelo

; Castro, Leonardo

; Gonçalves, Luis Henrique

; Penteado, Bruno Elias

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Jul 2023, Volume 28 Nº 7 Páginas 2143 - 2153

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A implementação da saúde digital constitui um enorme desafio para a Saúde Coletiva, sendo urgente abrir o debate sobre os impactos mais imediatos das tecnologias digitais nas políticas de saúde. A saúde digital compreende a incorporação de novas tecnologias e potencialmente reconfigura relação entre Estado e sociedade, em um processo denominado plataformização - de gestão dos serviços de saúde por meio da interpretação de grandes volumes de dados. Este trabalho traça um panorama histórico sobre as políticas brasileiras de informação e analisa a saúde digital como um caso de plataformização do Estado Brasileiro. Para tanto, analisa a estratégia brasileira de saúde digital partir de três dimensões: a concentração de dados, os usuários-consumidores e a privatização das infraestruturas públicas. Por fim, busca tornar nítida a tendência global a favor de uma inovação que escamoteia a expectativa pela digitalização como dinamizadora da reprodução capitalista.

Abstract The implementation of digital health constitutes an enormous challenge to Public Health, making it imperative to call for an urgent debate regarding the more immediate impacts of digital technologies on health policies. Digital health involves the incorporation of new technologies and potentially reconfigures the relationship between Government and society, in a process known as platformization - of health services management through the interpretation of a huge volume of data. This work provides a historic overview of Brazilian digital health information policies and analyzes digital health as a case of platformization of the Brazilian Government. For this reason, this work analyzes the Brazilian digital health strategy from three dimensions: data concentration, users/consumers, and the privatization of public infrastructure. Lastly, this work seeks to highlight the global trend in favor of an innovation that conceals the expectation for digitalization as a driver of the reproduction of capitalism.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023287.14302022

11.

Saúde digital e a plataformização do Estado brasileiro
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Rachid, Raquel

; Fornazin, Marcelo

; Castro, Leonardo

; Gonçalves, Luis Henrique

; Penteado, Bruno Elias

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Jul 2023, Volume 28 Nº 7 Páginas 2143 - 2153

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023287.14302022

12.

Biometric genetics in Cowpea beans ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) I: phenotypic and genotypic relations among production components
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Gomes Alvino, Francisco Cássio

; de Almeida Lacerda, Rodolfo Rodrigo

; de Sousa Alves, Leonardo

; Silva Souto, Lauter

; Gil de Luna, Rômulo

; de Castro Silva, Marcelo Cleon

; Silva Dantas, Jussara

; Silva Souto, Jabob

; Gonçalves Neder, Diogo

; de Andrade Dutra Filho, João

; dos Santos Souza, Anielson

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

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Jun 2023, Volume 55 Nº 1 Páginas 126 - 139

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En la región semiárida de Paraíba, el caupí es el principal producto de la agricultura familiar. El cultivo tiene baja productividad debido a lluvias irregulares y condiciones climá ticas desfavorables. Además, la productividad también se ve afectada por el uso deficiente de las tecnologías de producción. Con el objetivo de superar estas limitaciones y aumentar la eficiencia de la selección de cultivares superiores, se llevó a cabo un extenso estudio utili zando modelos biométricos en caupí. Este primer trabajo tuvo los siguientes objetivos: i. Cuantificar los efectos directos e indirectos de los componentes primarios y secundarios en la producción de granos; ii. Identificar variables con mayor potencial para la selección de cultivares de caupí en la región semiárida de Paraíba y iii. Determinar las estrategias de selección más adecuadas para el conjunto de variables evaluadas. El experimento se llevó a cabo en un campo experimental en el Centro de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de la Universidad Federal de Campina Grande. Se evaluó la influencia de 6 componentes primarios y 6 componentes secundarios de la producción sobre la variable rendimiento de grano. Los datos se sometieron a ANAVA y se estimaron parámetros genéticos. También se realizaron correlaciones y análisis de ruta. Se identificaron variables con mayor potencial para la selección de cultivares superiores de caupí en la región semiárida de Paraíba. Se encontró que la variable rendimiento de vaina es la más prometedora para la selección de cultivares con mayor rendimiento de grano debido a la magnitud de los efectos fenotípico y genotípico. La selección directa y la selección simultánea son las estrategias más adecuadas para el conjunto de variables evaluadas. Sin embargo, para maximizar las ganancias gené ticas, se continuó el estudio a través de índices de selección.

Abstract In the semi-arid region of Paraíba, cowpea has low productivity due to irregular rainfall and poor use of production technologies. An extensive study aimed at selecting more productive cultivars was conducted using biometric models. This first work had the following objectives: i. Quantify direct and indirect effects of primary and secondary compo nents on grain production; ii. Identify variables with greater potential for cultivar selection in the semiarid region of Paraíba and iii. Determine the most appropriate selection strat egies for the evaluated variables. The experiment was conducted in an experimental field. The influence of 6 primary and 6 secondary production components was evaluated on grain yield. Data were subjected to ANOVA. Genetic parameters, correlations and path analysis were estimated. Given the strong direct phenotypic and genotypic effects, pod yield results the most promising variable for higher grain yield selection. Direct and simultaneous selec tions are the most suitable strategies for the set of evaluated variables. However, further studies on selection indices are necessary to maximize genetic gains.

13.

Biometric genetics in Cowpea beans (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) II: estimates of genetic gains through selection indices
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Cássio Gomes Alvino, Francisco

; de Almeida Lacerda, Rodolfo Rodrigo

; de Sousa Alves, Leonardo

; Silva Souto, Lauter

; Gil de Luna, Rômulo

; Cleon de Castro Silva, Marcelo

; Silva Dantas, Jussara

; Silva Souto, Jabob

; Gonçalves Neder, Diogo

; de Andrade Dutra Filho, João

; dos Santos Souza, Anielson

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

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Jun 2023, Volume 55 Nº 1 Páginas 140 - 148

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En la región semiárida de Paraíba, el caupí (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) es el prin cipal producto de la agricultura familiar. El cultivo tiene baja productividad debido a lluvias irregulares y al uso de cultivares de baja productividad. Con el objetivo de superar estas limitaciones y aumentar la eficiencia de la selección de cultivares superiores, se llevó a cabo un extenso estudio utilizando modelos biométricos en caupí, con los siguientes obje tivos: i. Estimar las ganancias genéticas de los componentes de la producción; ii. Identi ficar el modelo de índice de selección que proporciona las mayores ganancias mediante la selección simultánea de un conjunto de variables y iii. Seleccionar cultivares con mayor productividad. El experimento se llevó a cabo en el campo experimental del Centro de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de la Universidad Federal de Campina Grande. Se evaluaron 13 variables relacionadas con la productividad. Los datos se sometieron a ANOVA y las medias se agruparon según la prueba de Scott y Knott p≤ 0,05. También se estimó el coeficiente de heredabilidad de cada variable. Las ganancias genéticas se estimaron utili zando las siguientes metodologías: respuesta correlacionada, índice de selección clásico, suma de rango e índice basado en las ganancias deseadas. Se encontró que la selección directa del componente de rendimiento de la vaina secundaria proporciona ganancias genéticas significativas en rendimiento de grano. Entre las metodologías utilizadas, el índice de selección clásico proporcionó una mayor distribución de las ganancias genéticas para rendimiento de grano y para los componentes primarios de producción. Estos resultados permiten concluir que los cultivares Costela de vaca, BRS Marataoã y Paulistinha pueden seleccionarse para cultivo y explotación en la región semiárida de Paraíba.

Abstract Low cowpea productivity (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) in the semi-arid region of Paraíba is due, among other factors, to poor-quality cultivars. This research tested biometric models intending to increase productivity of superior cultivars with the following objectives: i. Estimate genetic gains in production components; ii. Identify the selection index model providing the greatest gains through simultaneously selecting a set of variables, and iii. Select cultivars with higher productivity. The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Agrifood Science and Technology Center of the Federal University of Campina Grande. Eight cultivars and 13 variables were evaluated. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means were grouped using the Scott and Knott test. Genetic gains were estimated by correlated response, classic selection index, rank sum and index based on desired gains. Direct selection of the secondary pod yield component provides significant genetic gains in main grain yield. Among the methodologies used, the classic selection index provided greater distribution of genetic gains for main grain yield and primary production components. These results allow concluding that Costela de vaca, BRS Marataoã and Paulistinha cultivars should be selected for cultivation and commercial exploitation in the semiarid region of Paraíba.

14.

Experimental pain thresholds and psychosocial features across menstrual cycle in myofascial orofacial pain compared to healthy individuals: cross-sectional study
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Herreira-Ferreira, Matheus

; Costa, Yuri Martins

; Cunha, Carolina Ortigosa

; Conti, Ana Claudia de Castro Ferreira

; Conti, Paulo César Rodrigues

; Bonjardim, Leonardo Rigoldi

BrJP

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Jun 2023, Volume 6 Nº 2 Páginas 107 - 112

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The hormonal impact on pain perception during the menstrual cycle is a major focus of study, and further elucidation in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) field is necessary. Thus, this cross-sectional study evaluated experimental pain thresholds, psychosocial features, and clinical pain report on TMD women across menstrual cycle versus healthy controls. METHODS: A total of 220 women’s clinical files were screened, with 80 selected and divided into control group (healthy individuals, n=40) and TMD group (myofascial pain, n=40). Regarding the menstrual cycle phases, the files were divided into Pre-Luteal and Luteal. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Mechanical Pain Threshold (MPT), Wind-up (WUR), Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT), Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were analyzed at a 5% significance level, by Two-Way ANOVA test and post hoc Tukey test. RESULTS: PSS and PCS were significantly different between TMD and control group (p<0.001), regardless of menstrual cycle. Healthy individuals in the Luteal phase presented higher MPT values compared to the other phases (p<0.001). PPT showed significant difference across menstrual phases (p=0.022), but no differences in multiple comparisons. VAS values showed no difference between menstrual cycle phases (p=0.376). CONCLUSION: Finally, healthy individuals in the Luteal phase have higher MPT and PPT values on the orofacial region. Pain report in patients with TMD showed no difference throughout the menstrual cycle, showing that small alterations on experimental pain thresholds may not be clinically relevant. The presence of chronic pain seems to be more related to psychosocial features than hormonal fluctuations.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O impacto do ciclo menstrual na percepção da dor é um foco importante de estudo, sendo necessária uma maior elucidação na disfunção temporomandibular (DTM). Assim, este estudo transversal avaliou limiares de dor experimental, características psicossociais e relatos de dor em mulheres com DTM ao longo do ciclo menstrual, comparadas com controles saudáveis. MÉTODOS: 220 prontuários de mulheres foram analisados, sendo 80 selecionados para os grupos de controle (saudáveis, n=40) e DTM (dor miofascial, n=40). Nas fases do ciclo menstrual, as pacientes foram divididas nas categorias Pré-Luteal e Luteal. Os instrumentos Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS), Escala de Pensamentos Catastróficos (PCS), Limiar de Dor Mecânica (MPT), Wind-up Ratio (WUR), Limiar de Dor à Pressão (PPT), Modulação Condicionada da Dor (CPM) e Escala analógica visual (EAV) foram analisados com nível de significância de 5%, pelos testes ANOVA de dois fatores e Tukey post hoc. RESULTADOS: As escalas PSS e PCS foram significativamente diferentes entre os grupos DTM e controle (p<0,001), independentemente do ciclo menstrual. Indivíduos saudáveis na fase luteal apresentaram MPT maior em comparação com outras fases (p,0,001). O PPT mostrou diferença significativa entre as fases menstruais (p=0,022), sem diferença nas comparações múltiplas. Os valores da EAV não apresentaram diferença entre as fases menstruais (p=376). CONCLUSÃO: Indivíduos saudáveis na fase luteal têm MPT e PPTl maior na região orofacial. Os relatos de dor em pacientes com DTM não mostraram diferença ao longo do ciclo menstrual, indicando que pequenas alterações nos limiares experimentais podem ser clinicamente relevantes. A presença de dor crônica parece estar mais relacionada com características psicossociais do que com flutuações hormonais.

https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20230033-en

15.

Gonolobus gonzaleziarum (Apocynaceae), especie nueva de la ecorregión Madrense Tropical de la Sierra Madre Occidental, México
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Pío-León, Juan F.

; Castro-Castro, Arturo

; Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O.

Acta botánica mexicana

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2023, Nº 130 elocation e2153

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Background and Aims: Gonolobus comprises around 150 species in the world, with just over 40 of them distributed in Mexico. In the last two years, at least five new species have been described for this country. This paper describes a new species within the subgenus Pseudolachnostoma. Methods: Thirteen herbaria, three digital databases, and specialized literature were revised. Based on this, similar species were compared, and an identification key was generated. Field expeditions were made from 2019 to 2022 to gather botanical collections and monitor the phenology of the species of interest. The cohesive species concept was proposed as an explanatory hypothesis for the recognition of the taxa discussed here. Key results: The new species, Gonolobus gonzaleriarum, is described and located in two forests of Pinus-Quercus between the southeastern and southwestern limits of the states of Sinaloa and Durango, respectively. It differs from the species of the subgenus Pseudolachnostoma by having a gynostegium with a reduced stipe, lobes of the corolla and sepals of shorter length than the tube, citrus aroma, and a dense inflorescence. We included photographic plates, and an illustration with the distinctive characters, as well as a dichotomous key for the species of the subgenus Pseudolachnostoma. Based on its reduced range and impacted habitat, it is considered a threatened species, according to IUCN criteria. Conclusions: With the present discovery, the genus Gonolobus reaches 45 species in Mexico with 24 endemics. Gonolobus gonzaleriarum has great ornamental potential considering its conspicuous inflorescences and pleasant citrus aroma, which could encourage strategies for its conservation, since it is found in a restricted distribution and threatened habitat.

Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: Gonolobus comprende alrededor de 150 especies en el mundo, con poco más de 40 de ellas distribuidas en México. En los últimos dos años se han descrito al menos cinco nuevas especies de este país. En el presente trabajo se describe una nueva especie dentro del subgénero Pseudolachnostoma. Métodos: Se revisaron 13 herbarios, tres bases de datos digitales y literatura especializada. Con base en esto se compararon las especies similares y se generó una clave de identificación. Se realizaron expediciones a campo de 2019 a 2022 y se colectó y monitoreó la fenología de la especie de interés. Se planteó como hipótesis explicativa el concepto cohesivo de especie para el reconocimiento de los taxones aquí tratados. Resultados clave: Se describe la especie nueva Gonolobus gonzaleriarum, conocida de dos localidades de bosques de Pinus-Quercus entre los límites sureste y suroeste de los estados de Sinaloa y Durango, respectivamente. Se diferencia de las especies del subgénero Pseudolachnostoma por poseer ginostegio con un estípite reducido, lóbulos de la corola y sépalos de menor longitud que el tubo, aroma cítrico e inflorescencia densa. Se incluyen láminas fotográficas y una ilustración con los caracteres distintivos de la nueva especie, así como una clave dicotómica con las especies del subgénero Pseudolachnostoma. Con base en su área de distribución reducida y hábitat impactado, se considera una especie amenazada de acuerdo con los criterios de la IUCN. Conclusiones: Con el presente descubrimiento, el género Gonolobus llega a 45 especies en México con 24 endémicas. Gonolobus gonzaleriarum se considera con gran potencial ornamental por sus inflorescencias conspicuas y agradable aroma cítrico, lo que motiva en fomentar estrategias para su conservación, ya que se encuentra en una distribución restringida y hábitat amenazado.

https://doi.org/10.21829/abm130.2023.2153

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