Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Recent Synthetic Developments of Asymmetric Multicomponent Transformations: Strecker, Mannich, Passerini and Ugi Reactions
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Carvalho, Marcelo H. R.

; Amarante, Giovanni W.

; Castro, Pedro P. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2023, Volume 34 Nº 8 Páginas 1041 - 1070

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are important transformations, which allow the attainment of structurally complex derivatives in a single step, starting from three or more compounds with relatively simple structures. These reactions are generally associated with the principles of green chemistry, allowing the incorporation of most (or all) atoms of the starting materials in the products (atom economy) and reducing purification steps (and, consequently, the need for solvents and waste production). For a long time, asymmetric methodologies (in special enantioselective protocols) for most multicomponent transformations remained a gap in the literature, limiting the use of these reactions to produce derivatives only as racemates or in low diastereoselectivities. Over the last two decades, a better comprehension of the mechanisms associated with these transformations allowed the development of efficient enantio- and diastereoselective procedures, attracting the interest of both academia and industry. In this review, selected examples of four important multicomponent reactions (Strecker, Mannich, Passerini and Ugi) will be discussed, presenting a general overview of the development of this field and pointing out possible advantages and limitations of the above mentioned methodologies. In some cases, discussions around mechanisms, proposed transition states and activation modes will be detailed disclosed.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230082

Effects of air temperature on the risk of death from COPD in major microregions in Brazil: a time series study
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Ribas, Igor Magaton

; Gomes, João Pedro Medeiros

; Valadares, Pedro Augusto Rosa

; Jardim, Lucas Santos

; Nogueira, Mário Círio

; Ferreira, Cássia de Castro Martins

; Farias, William Cossich Marcial de

; Ferreira, Letícia de Castro Martins

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2023, Volume 49 Nº 5 elocation e20220442

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between the risk of death from COPD and air temperature events in ten major Brazilian microregions. Methods: This was a time series analysis of daily COPD deaths and daily mean air temperatures between 1996 and 2017. Using distributed nonlinear lag models, we estimated the cumulative relative risks of COPD mortality for four temperature percentiles (representing moderate and extreme cold and heat events) in relation to a minimum mortality temperature, with a lag of 21 days, in each microregion. Results: Significant associations were found between extreme air temperature events and the risk of death from COPD in the southern and southeastern microregions in Brazil. There was an association of extreme cold and an increased mortality risk in the following microregions: 36% (95% CI, 1.12-1.65), in Porto Alegre; 27% (95% CI, 1.03-1.58), in Curitiba; and 34% (95% CI, 1.19-1.52), in São Paulo; whereas moderate cold was associated with an increased risk of 20% (95% CI, 1.01-1.41), 33% (95% CI, 1.09-1.62), and 24% (95% CI, 1.12-1.38) in the same microregions, respectively. There was an increased COPD mortality risk in the São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro microregions: 17% (95% CI, 1.05-1.31) and 12% (95% CI, 1,02-1,23), respectively, due to moderate heat, and 23% (95% CI, 1,09-1,38) and 32% (95% CI, 1,15-1,50) due to extreme heat. Conclusions: Non-optimal air temperature events were associated with an increased risk of death from COPD in tropical and subtropical areas of Brazil.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre o risco de morte por DPOC e eventos de temperatura do ar em dez grandes microrregiões brasileiras. Métodos: Esta foi uma análise de série temporal de mortes diárias por DPOC e temperaturas médias diárias do ar entre 1996 e 2017. Utilizando modelos de defasagem não linear distribuídos, estimamos os riscos relativos cumulativos de mortalidade por DPOC para quatro percentis de temperatura (representando eventos moderados e extremos de frio e calor) em relação a uma temperatura mínima de mortalidade, com defasagem de 21 dias, em cada microrregião. Resultados: Foram encontradas associações significativas entre eventos extremos de temperatura do ar e o risco de morte por DPOC nas microrregiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. Houve associação de frio extremo e aumento do risco de mortalidade nas seguintes microrregiões: 36% (IC 95%, 1,12-1,65), em Porto Alegre; 27% (IC 95%, 1,03-1,58), em Curitiba; e 34% (IC 95%, 1,19-1,52), em São Paulo; enquanto o frio moderado foi associado a um risco aumentado de 20% (IC 95%, 1,01-1,41), 33% (IC 95%, 1,09-1,62) e 24% (IC 95%, 1,12-1,38) nas mesmas microrregiões, respectivamente. Houve aumento do risco de mortalidade por DPOC nas microrregiões de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro: 17% (IC 95%, 1,05-1,31) e 12% (IC 95%, 1,02-1,23), respectivamente, devido ao calor moderado e 23% (IC 95%, 1,09-1,38) e 32% (IC 95%, 1,15-1,50) devido ao calor extremo. Conclusões: Eventos de temperatura do ar não ideal foram associados a um risco aumentado de morte por DPOC em áreas tropicais e subtropicais do Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20220442

COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients: what have we learned one year later? A cohort study from a tertiary center
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Tavares, Joana

; Oliveira, João Pedro

; Reis, Pedro

; Ribeiro, Bárbara

; Silva, Filipa

; Malheiro, Jorge

; Almeida, Manuela

; Martins, La Salete

; Cabrita, António

; Henriques, António Castro

; Dias, Leonídio

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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Dez 2022, Volume 44 Nº 4 Páginas 533 - 542

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Introduction: Kidney transplant (KT) recipients have a high risk for adverse outcomes from infections, such as COVID-19. Methods: We have retrospectively reviewed all KT recipients with documented COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and March 15, 2021, and analyzed patients’ characteristics, clinical course, treatment, and outcomes. Results: We identified 123 patients, 72% were male, with a mean age of 54.5±13.0 years. Twenty percent were asymptomatic, 7% had a nosocomial transmission, and 36% of the remainder required hospitalization. Almost all admitted patients received oxygen, 30% required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), more than a half had acute kidney injury, with 10% requiring dialysis, and 20% died. Incidence was comparable to that of the Portuguese population, but the mortality rate was almost four times higher (SMR of 3.768 (95% CI:1.723-7.154). Higher body mass index (OR 1.275, P=0.001), lower baseline graft function (OR 0.968, P=0.015), and nosocomial transmission (OR 13.836, P=0.019) were associated with oxygen demand, whereas female gender (OR 3.801, P=0.031) and lower baseline kidney graft function (OR 0.955, P=0.005), but not body mass index, were associated with IMV and/or death. Conclusion: Mortality rate in KT patients was higher than in the general population and lower baseline kidney function was the most consistent marker for adverse outcomes.

Resumo Introdução: Os receptores de transplante renal (TR) apresentam um alto risco para desfechos adversos de infecções, tais como a COVID-19. Métodos: Revisamos retrospectivamente todos os receptores de TR com COVID-19 documentada entre 1º de Março de 2020 e 15 de Março de 2021, e analisamos as características, curso clínico, tratamento e desfechos dos pacientes. Resultados: Identificamos 123 pacientes, 72% do sexo masculino, com uma média de idade de 54,5±13,0 anos. Vinte por cento eram assintomáticos, 7% apresentaram transmissão nosocomial, e 36% do restante necessitaram de internação. Quase todos os pacientes internados receberam oxigênio, 30% necessitaram de ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI), mais da metade apresentou lesão renal aguda, com 10% necessitando de diálise, e 20% foram a óbito. A incidência foi comparável à da população portuguesa, mas a taxa de mortalidade foi quase quatro vezes superior (TMP de 3,768 (IC 95%: 1,723-7,154). Maior índice de massa corporal (OR 1,275; P=0,001), menor função do enxerto basal (OR 0,968; P=0,015), e transmissão nosocomial (OR 13,836; P=0,019) foram associados à demanda de oxigênio, enquanto sexo feminino (OR 3,801; P=0,031) e menor função do enxerto renal basal (OR 0,955; P=0,005), mas não índice de massa corporal, foram associados à VMI e/ou óbito. Conclusão: A taxa de mortalidade em pacientes com TR foi mais elevada do que na população em geral e a função renal basal mais baixa foi o marcador mais consistente para desfechos adversos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2021-0257en

Fusión y estereopsis en niños con ambliopía refractiva
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Hernández-Santos, Lourdes R.

; Cárdenas-Díaz, Taimí

; Méndez-Sánchez, Teresita de J.

; Castro-Pérez, Pedro D.

; Pons-Castro, Lucy

Revista mexicana de oftalmología

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Dez 2021, Volume 95 Nº 6 Páginas 252 - 258

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Objective: To determine the binocular function in patients with refractive amblyopia. Method: Cross-sectional study in patients between 5 and 18 years old with refractive amblyopia treated for the first time in the pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus consultation of the Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer. Results: No significant correlation was found between the depth of amblyopia and the magnitude of anisometropia in the right eye (p = 0.217) or in the left eye (p = −0.130), and neither between the magnitude of anisometropia and stereopsis (p = 0.260). Patients with isoametropic amblyopia reached a subnormal stereopsis >100" in 53.3%. Conclusions: There is no association between the magnitude of anisometropia and the depth of amblyopia, fusion and stereopsis. In most patients with refractive amblyopia, stereopsis is deteriorated, thus affecting binocular function.

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la función binocular en pacientes con ambliopía refractiva. Método: Estudio transversal en pacientes entre 5 y 18 años con ambliopía refractiva atendidos por vez primera en la consulta de oftalmología pediátrica y estrabismo del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer. Resultados: No se halló correlación significativa entre la profundidad de la ambliopía y la magnitud de la anisometropía en el ojo derecho (p = 0.217) ni en el ojo izquierdo (p = −0.130), y tampoco entre la magnitud de la anisometropía y la estereopsis (p = 0.260). El 53.3% de los pacientes con ambliopía isoametrópica alcanzaron una estereopsis subnormal > 100". Conclusiones: No se presenta asociación entre la magnitud de la anisometropía y la profundidad de la ambliopía, la fusión y la estereopsis. En la mayoría de los pacientes con ambliopía refractiva se deteriora la estereopsis, afectándose así la función binocular.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmo.m21000201 82 downloads

Morphological abnormalities in Acartia lilljeborgii Giesbrecht (1889) (Copepoda, Calanoida) in a tropical estuary under industrial development
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MELO, PEDRO A.M. DE CASTRO

; NEUMANN-LEITÃO, SIGRID

; ZANARDI-LAMARDO, ELIETE

; FLORES-MONTES, MANUEL J.

; DE MELO JÚNIOR, MAURO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 2 elocation e20190231

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Morphological abnormalities in crustaceans have been registered and several are attributed to pollution and others anthropogenic activities. This study reports for the first time a temporal record of the amount and variety of morphological abnormalities in Acartia lilljeborgii, in an impacted neotropical estuary. The specimens were obtained from Suape port area, Northeast Brazil, between May 2009 and September 2010 using a 300 µm plankton net. Seven types of abnormalities were observed in one of the terminal spines of the prosome, but no temporal variation of abnormalities was found in our study. The deformities were registered in 85.7% of samples and they were found in up to 10% of the individuals (3.2 ± 2.9%). The proportion of females with abnormalities was greater than for males, in opposite to most previous reports. Due to its high distribution and abundance in part of the neotropical Atlantic coastal area, A. lilljeborgii has the potential to be used as a bioindicator of environmental conditions, although the reasons of the abnormality occurrences should be accurately investigated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120190231 338 downloads

Cytotoxic Activity of Synthetic Chiral Amino Acid Derivatives
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Castro, Pedro P. de

; Siqueira, Raoni P.

; Conforte, Luiza

; Franco, Chris H. J.

; Bressan, Gustavo C.

; Amarante, Giovanni W.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2020, Volume 31 Nº 1 Páginas 193 - 200

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Cancer is a chronic degenerative disease considered one of the most important causes of death worldwide. In this context, a series of dual-protected amino acid derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as potential novel anticancer agents. The 40 derivatives were prepared in up to three reaction steps. The cytotoxic activities were screened in vitro against a panel of tumor and non-tumor cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Among the synthesized derivatives, three of them showed promising activity against cancer cells with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging between 1.7-6.1 µM. The most promising derivative, bearing both a lipophilic N-alkyl diamine moiety and a protected amino acid scaffold showed a selectivity index of 3.4 towards tumor cells. The N-alkyl diamine moiety seems to play a crucial role in the enhancement of the anticancer activity. On the other hand, the incorporation of an amino acid scaffold resulted in increase in the selectivity towards cancer cell lines.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190157 347 downloads

Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Telemedicine in Cardiology - 2019
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Lopes, Marcelo Antônio Cartaxo Queiroga

; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

; Pinto, Fausto J.

; Rey, Helena Cramer Veiga

; Zimerman, Leandro Ioschpe

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Bacal, Fernando

; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne

; Halperin, Cidio

; Araújo, Edson Correia

; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

; Arruda, José Airton

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo Paim

; Grinberg, Max

; Moretti, Miguel

; Caramori, Paulo Ricardo Avancini

; Botelho, Roberto Vieira

; Brandão, Andréa Araújo

; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão

; Santos, Alexandre Fonseca

; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano

; Etges, Ana Paula Beck da Silva

; Marino, Bárbara Campos Abreu

; Zanotto, Bruna Stella

; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos

; Medeiros, Cesar Rocha

; Santos, Daniel Vitor de Vasconcelos

; Cook, Daniela Matos Arrowsmith

; Antoniolli, Eduardo

; Souza Filho, Erito Marques de

; Fernandes, Fábio

; Gandour, Fabio

; Fernandez, Francisco

; Souza, Germano Emilio Conceição

; Weigert, Guilherme de Souza

; Castro, Iran

; Cade, Jamil Ribeiro

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Fernandes, Juliano de Lara

; Hadlich, Marcelo Souza

; Oliveira, Marco Antonio Praça

; Alkmim, Maria Beatriz

; Paixão, Maria Cristina da

; Prudente, Maurício Lopes

; Aguiar Netto, Miguel A. S.

; Marcolino, Milena Soriano

; Oliveira, Monica Amorim de

; Simonelli, Osvaldo

; Lemos Neto, Pedro A.

; Rosa, Priscila Raupp da

; Figueira, Renato Minelli

; Cury, Roberto Caldeira

; Almeida, Rodrigo Coelho

; Lima, Sandra Regina Franco

; Barberato, Silvio Henrique

; Constancio, Thiago Inocêncio

; Rezende, Wladimir Fernandes de

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Nov 2019, Volume 113 Nº 5 Páginas 1006 - 1056

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20190205 5274 downloads

Manufacturing and reliability of a fiber Bragg grating strain sensor designed for uniaxial compression test of rocks
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Castro-Caicedo, Alvaro J.

; Torres, Pedro

; Nieto-Callejas, Maria J.

; Lain-Huerta, Ricardo

; Suarez-Burgoa, Ludger O.

DYNA

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Mar 2019, Volume 86 Nº 208 Páginas 234 - 242

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En este trabajo presentamos un sensor de deformación de redes de Bragg en fibra óptica (FBG) diseñado para el ensayo de compresión uniaxial de rocas. Las rocas son un agregado complejo de materiales y pueden exhibir en algunos casos granos minerales de un tamaño mucho mayor que las galgas extensométricas eléctricas utilizadas convencionalmente. Además, los sensores de deformación FBG comerciales se elaboran como un paquete plano, lo que no es apropiado para los núcleos de roca cilíndricos en la prueba de compresión uniaxial. Los sensores FBG ópticos empaquetados se diseñaron y fabricaron de forma manual adecuados para muestras de rocas cilíndricas. Se llevó a cabo un proceso de calibración para establecer el desempeño mecánico del empaquetado FBG, posteriormente, se realizó un ensayo de compresión en una muestra de roca dura usando el sistema tanto de galgas extensométricas eléctricas (ESG) como el sistema FBG creado. En esta comparación, los sensores FBG demuestran un área de registro mayor, sensibilidad por debajo de 100 microstrain y una transferencia de deformación confiable, apropiadas para el registro de las deformaciones de rocas con heterogeneidad de tamaño y composición de los minerales.

Abstract In this work we present an optical Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain sensor appropriate for uniaxial compression test of rocks. The rocks are a complex aggregate of materials and may exhibit in some cases mineral grains of size bigger than the conventional electrical strain gages used. Furthermore, commercial surface mountable optical FBG strain sensors are packaged in planar configuration, which is not appropriate for the cylindrical rock cores in uniaxial compression test. The optical FBG sensors were designed and manufactured manually fitted for cylindrical rock samples. A calibration process was carried out in order to stablish the mechanical performance of the FBG packaging; later, a compression test was conducted on hard rock sample and the strain was recorded by the traditional electrical strain gage (ESG) and FBG system. Under this comparison, the FBG sensors reaches a larger recording area, sensitivity under 100 microstrain and a reliable strain transfer, all of which is appropriate to measure strain for heterogeneous rock composition and minerals grain size.

https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n208.70484 299 downloads

10.

Opticam: a triple-camera optical system designed to explore the fastest timescales in astronomy
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Castro, A.

; Altamirano, D.

; Michel, R.

; Gandhi, P.

; Hernández Santisteban, J. V.

; Echevarría, J.

; Tejada, C.

; Knigge, C.

; Sierra, G.

; Colorado, E.

; Hernández-Landa, J.

; Whiter, D.

; Middleton, M.

; García, B.

; Guisa, G.

; Castro Segura, N.

Revista mexicana de astronomía y astrofísica

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2019, Volume 55 Nº 2 Páginas 363 - 376

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT We report the development of a high-time resolution, 3-colour, simultaneous optical imaging system for the 2.1 m telescope in the San Pedro Mártir Observatory, México. OPTICAM will be equipped with three 2,048×2,048 pixel Andor Zyla 4.2-Plus sCMOS cameras and a set of SDSS filters allowing optical coverage in the 320-1,100 nm range. OPTICAM will nominally allow sub-second exposures. Given its instrumental design, a wide range of fast-variability astrophysical sources can be targeted with OPTICAM including X-ray binaries, pulsating white dwarfs, accreting compact objects, eclipsing binaries and exoplanets. OPTICAM observations will be proprietary for only six months and will then be made publicly available to the astronomical community.

RESUMEN Informamos sobre el desarrollo de un sistema de imagen óptica simultáneo en 3 colores y alta resolución temporal para el telescopio de 2.1 m del Observatorio Astronómico Nacional en San Pedro Mártir, México. OPTICAM estará equipado con tres cámaras sCMOS Andor Zyla 4.2-Plus y un conjunto de filtros SDSS que permitirán cobertura óptica en el rango de 320-1,100 nm. OPTICAM permitirá nominalmente exposiciones en el orden de sub-segundos. Dado su diseño instrumental, un amplio rango de fuentes astrofísicas de rápida variabilidad pueden ser observadas con OPTICAM incluyendo estrellas binarias de rayos X, enanas blancas pulsantes, objetos compactos en acrecentamiento, estrellas binarias eclipsantes y exoplanetas. Las observaciones realizadas con OPTICAM serán de propiedad exclusiva durante seis meses y luego se pondrán a disposición pública para la comunidad astronómica.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ia.01851101p.2019.55.02.20 166 downloads

11.

Old Drawback on Azlactone Formation Revealed by a Combination of Theoretical and Experimental Studies
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Castro, Pedro P. de

; Batista, Gabriel M. F.

; Pinheiro, Danielle L. J.

; Santos, Hélio F. dos

; Amarante, Giovanni W.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Nov 2018, Volume 29 Nº 11 Páginas 2213 - 2219

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

New insights into the formation of azlactone heterocycles bearing different substituents are hereby presented. The sum of both kinetic and thermodynamic factors contributes for the formation of 2-alkyl or 2-aryl substituted azlactones, while the cyclization of 2-alcoxy azlactones is less favored. These results are in perfect accordance with experimental observations obtained by infrared (IR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI(+)-MS) of the crude reaction mixture.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180155 813 downloads

12.

Prevalence and distribution of intestinal parasites in stray dogs in the northwest area of Mexico
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Trasviña-Muñoz, Enrique

; López-Valencia, Gilberto

; Centeno, Pedro Álvarez

; Cueto-González, Sergio A.

; Monge-Navarro, Francisco J.

; Tinoco-Gracia, Luis

; Núñez-Castro, Karla

; Pérez-Ortiz, Paulina

; Medina-Basulto, Gerardo E.

; Tamayo-Sosa, Alma R.

; Gómez-Gómez, Daniel

Austral journal of veterinary sciences

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Mai 2017, Volume 49 Nº 2 Páginas 105 - 111

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: Zoonotic parasitic infections are a major global public and veterinary health problem and widespread among stray dogs. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of intestinal parasites in stray dogs in the urban, rural and coastal areas of Mexicali County in northwest Mexico. In 2014, from January to December, 380 stray dogs were captured. The entire small intestine, cecum and faeces samples were collected and examined by using simple zinc sulfate flotation and Lugol’s solution staining. Data were statistically analysed. Overall, about 21.5% of examined dogs were found positive for intestinal parasites. Toxocara canis was the most frequent detected parasite, with a prevalence of 7.1%, followed by Toxascaris leonina (5.5%), Cystoisospora spp. (5.0%), Taenia spp. (3.9%) and Dipylidium caninum (2.8%). Dogs were more frequently found to be infected with a single genus of intestinal parasite (18.7%) than co-infected (2.8%). Intestinal parasites were more prevalent in samples from the coastal area (25%) than in those from the rural (24.4%) and urban (20.6%) areas, however, only statistical association was found between capture area and specific intestinal parasitic infection. There were significant differences in the prevalence of taeniasis among two age groups (P<0.01). A seasonal peak of prevalence for intestinal parasitic infections was found during spring (P<0.05), corresponding with a seasonal peak of prevalence of T. canis (P<0.05). The wide range of isolated parasites indicated that people residing in this area are at risk of exposure to these potentially hazardous zoonotic pathogens.

RESUMEN: Las infecciones zoonóticas parasitarias son un problema global público y para la medicina veterinaria, siendo diseminadas por perros callejeros. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinales en perros callejeros de la zona urbana, rural y costera del municipio de Mexicali, noroeste de México. En 2014, entre enero y diciembre, se capturaron 380 perros. Se colectó el intestino, ciego y heces y se examinaron utilizando flotación con sulfato de zinc y tinción con la solución de Lugol. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente. En general, alrededor del 21,5% de los perros examinados fueron positivos a parásitos intestinales. Toxocara canis fue el parásito más frecuentemente, con una prevalencia del 7,1%, seguido por Toxascaris leonina (5,5%), Cystoisospora spp. (5,0%), Taenia spp. (3,9%) y Dipylidium caninum (2,8%). Los perros fueron más frecuentemente encontrados infectados con un solo género de parásito intestinal (18,7%) que coinfectados (2,8%). Las parasitosis intestinales fueron más prevalentes en muestras de la costa (25%) que del área rural (24,4%) y urbana (20,6%), sin embargo solo se encontró asociación estadística entre el área de captura y las parasitosis intestinales específicas. Hubo diferencias significativas en la prevalencia de taeniasis entre los dos grupos de edad (P<0,01). El pico estacional de la prevalencia de infecciones parasitarias intestinales se encontró durante la primavera (P<0,05), correspondiendo con el pico estacional de T. canis (P<0,05). La amplia gama de parásitos aislados indicó que las personas que residen en esta zona están en riesgo de exposición a estos patógenos zoonóticos potencialmente peligrosos.

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13.

Experimental Study of Transmission and Reflection Characteristics of a Gradient Array of Metamaterial Split-Ring Resonators
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Castro, Pedro J.

; Barroso, Joaquim J.

; Leite Neto, Joaquim P.

; Tomaz, A.

; Hasar, Ugur C.

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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Dez 2016, Volume 15 Nº 4 Páginas 380 - 389

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract A study of a non-uniform metamaterial array consisting of six split-ring resonators of varying diameters is conducted experimentally to measure the transmission and reflection characteristics that arise from asymmetry in the longitudinal direction. Such characteristics are examined and compared with their counterpart symmetric scattering coefficients associated with a uniform split-ring array. In the non-uniform array the ring diameters vary in steps of 0.5 mm, which yields a gradient geometry. Inserting the non-uniform array in an X-band waveguide operating below cutoff provides a transmission band wider than that obtained from the uniform array. Different from the uniform array, for which the magnetic resonance frequency is on the left and away from the electric resonance frequency, in the gradient array the magnetic response lies inside the electric band.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742016v15i4658 2264 downloads

14.

Intervención activa en la hipercolesterolemia de pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular alto de Atención Primaria: estudio ESPROCOL
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Tárraga López, Pedro J.

; García-Norro Herreros, F. J.

; Tárraga Marcos, Loreto

; Solera Albero, Juan

; González López, Esteban

; Ruiz García, Antonio

; Pallarés Carratalá, Vicente

; Castro Navarro, José Luis

; Alins Presas, Josep

; Panisello Royo, Josefa María

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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Jun 2015, Volume 31 Nº 6 Páginas 2727 - 2734

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Introduction: hypercholesterolemia is a major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Its reduction reduces morbidity and mortality from ischemic heart disease and CVD in general, primary prevention and secondary prevention especially. Objective: to determine whether a notarized and intensive clinical practice can overcome inertia and achieve the therapeutic goal (OT) LDL-C <100 mg / dL in high-risk patients attended in Primary Care (PC) in our country. ethodology: epidemiological, prospective, multicenter study conducted in centers of different ACs By AP consecutive sampling 310 patients at high cardiovascular risk (diabetic or established CVD) previously treated with statins, which did not reach the OT included c-LDL. Results: the study subjects had a mean age of 65.2 years, of which 60.32 % were male. The 41.64 % had a previous EVC, acute myocardial infarction (20.33 %), angina (16.07 %), stroke / TIA (9.19 %), arthropathy (5.25 %), diabetes (70.87 %), hypertension (71.01 %), and abdominal obesity (69.62 %). The 43.57 % (95 % CI: 37,21; 50,08) of patients who performed the 2nd visit (241) got the OT. 62.50 % (95 % CI: 55.68, 68.98) of those who took the 3rd (216) got the OT. Finally, 77.56 % (95 % CI: 72.13, 83.08) patients who performed the last visit (205) got the OT. Throughout the study there was a reduction in LDL-C levels from 135.6 mg / dL at baseline, 107.4 mg / dL in the 2nd visit, 97.3 mg / dL in the 3rd visit, up to 90.7 mg / dL at the final visit (p < 0.0001) The increase in HDL-C from baseline (50.9 mg / dL) and final (53.6 mg / dL) was also significant (p = 0.013). Conclusions: the reassessment and intensification of treatment in patients at high cardiovascular risk treated in primary care, applying the indications of the guides, achieves the OT in more than three quarters of the previously uncontrolled within half a year. These results should encourage us to overcome the therapeutic inertia in the control of CVD by early and energetic performance against hypercholesterolemia.

Introducción: la hipercolesterolemia es uno de los principales factores de riesgo modificables de la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Su reducción disminuye la morbimortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y ECV en general, en prevención primaria y, especialmente, en prevención secundaria. Objetivo: comprobar si una práctica clínica protocolizada e intensiva permite vencer la inercia y alcanzar el objetivo terapéutico (OT) de c-LDL < 100 mg/dL en pacientes de alto riesgo asistidos en Atención Primaria (AP) de nuestro país. Metodología: estudio epidemiológico, prospectivo, multicentrico, realizado en centros de AP de diferentes CC. AA. Mediante muestreo consecutivo se incluyeron 310 pacientes de alto riesgo cardiovascular (diabéticos o con ECV establecida), tratados previamente con estatinas, que no alcanzaban el OT de c-LDL. Resultados: los sujetos del estudio tenían una edad media de 65,2 años, de los que el 60,32 % eran varones. El 41,64 % presentaban un EVC previo, infarto agudo de miocardio (20,33 %), angina (16,07 %), ictus/AIT (9,19 %), artropatía (5,25 %), diabetes (70,87 %), hipertensión (71,01 %) y obesidad abdominal (69,62 %). El 43,57 % (IC95 %: 37,21; 50,08) de los pacientes que realizaron la segunda visita (241) consiguieron el OT. El 62,50 % (IC95 %: 55,68; 68,98) de los que realizaron la tercera (216) consiguieron el OT. Finalmente, el 77,56 % (IC95 %: 72,13; 83,08) de los pacientes que realizaron la última visita (205) consiguieron el OT. A lo largo del estudio hubo una reducción de los niveles de c-LDL desde los 135,6 mg/dL en la visita basal, 107,4 mg/dL en la segunda visita, 97,3 mg/dL en la tercera visita, hasta los 90,7 mg/dL en la visita final (p < 0,0001). El incremento de c-HDL entre la visita basal (50,9 mg/dL) y la final (53,6 mg/dL) también fue significativo (p = 0,013). Conclusiones: la reevaluación e intensificación del tratamiento en pacientes de alto riesgo cardiovascular atendidos en Atención Primaria, aplicando las indicaciones de las guías, permite alcanzar el OT en más de las tres cuartas partes de los previamente no controlados en el plazo de medio año. Estos resultados nos deben estimular a superar la inercia terapéutica en el control de la ECV mediante una actuación precoz y enérgica ante la hipercolesterolemia.

https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.5.8998 1215 downloads

15.

Intervención activa en la hipercolesterolemia de pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular alto de Atención Primaria: estudio ESPROCOL
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Tárraga López, Pedro J.

; García-Norro Herreros, F. J.

; Tárraga Marcos, Loreto

; Solera Albero, Juan

; González López, Esteban

; Ruiz García, Antonio

; Pallarés Carratalá, Vicente

; Castro Navarro, José Luis

; Alins Presas, Josep

; Panisello Royo, Josefa María

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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Mai 2015, Volume 31 Nº 5 Páginas 2261 - 2268

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Introduction: Hypercholesterolemia is a major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Its reduction reduces morbidity and mortality from ischemic heart disease and CVD in general, primary prevention and secondary prevention especially. Objective: To determine whether a notarized and intensive clinical practice can overcome inertia and achieve the therapeutic goal (OT) LDL-C <100 mg / dL in high- risk patients attended in Primary Care (PC) in our country. Methodology: epidemiological, prospective, multicenter study conducted in centers of different ACs By AP consecutive sampling 310 patients at high cardiovascular risk (diabetic or established CVD) previously treated with statins, which did not reach the OT included c-LDL. Results: The study subjects had a mean age of 65.2 years, of which 60.32% were male. The 41.64% had a previous EVC, acute myocardial infarction (20.33%), angina (16.07%), stroke / TIA (9.19%), arthropathy (5.25%), diabetes (70 , 87%), hypertension (71.01%), and abdominal obesity (69.62%). The 43.57% (95% CI: 37,21; 50,08) of patients who performed the 2nd visit (241) got the OT. 62.50% (95% CI: 55.68, 68.98) of those who took the 3rd (216) got the OT. Finally, 77.56% (95% CI: 72.13, 83.08) patients who performed the last visit (205) got the OT. Throughout the study there was a reduction in LDL-C levels from 135.6 mg / dL at baseline, 107.4 mg / dL in the 2nd visit, 97.3 mg / dL in the 3rd visit, up to 90.7 mg / dL at the final visit (p <0.0001) The increase in HDL-C from baseline (50.9 mg / dL) and final (53.6 mg / dL) was also significant (p = 0.013). Conclusions: The reassessment and intensification of treatment in patients at high cardiovascular risk treated in primary care, applying the indications of the guides, achieves the OT in more than three quarters of the previously uncontrolled within half a year. These results should encourage us to overcome the therapeutic inertia in the control of CVD by early and energetic performance against hypercholesterolemia.

Introducción: La hipercolesterolemia es uno de los principales factores de riesgo modificables de la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Su reducción disminuye la morbimortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica y ECV en general, en prevención primaria y en prevención secundaria especialmente. Objetivo: Comprobar si una práctica clínica protocolizada e intensiva permite vencer la inercia y alcanzar el objetivo terapéutico (OT) de c-LDL < 100 mg/dL en pacientes de alto riesgo asistidos en Atención Primaria (AP) de nuestro país. Metodología: Estudio epidemiológico, prospectivo, multicentrico, realizado en Centros de AP de diferentes CC.AA. Mediante muestreo consecutivo se incluyeron 310 pacientes de alto riesgo cardiovascular (diabéticos o con ECV establecida), tratados previamente con estatinas, que no alcanzaban el OT de c-LDL. Resultados: Los sujetos del estudio tenían una edad media de 65,2 años, de los que el 60,32% eran varones. El 41,64% presentaba un EVC previo, infarto agudo de miocardio (20,33%), angina (16,07%), ictus/AIT (9,19%), artropatía (5,25%), diabetes (70,87%), hipertensión (71,01%), y obesidad abdominal (69,62%). El 43,57% (IC95%: 37,21; 50,08) de los pacientes que realizaron la 2a visita (241) consiguieron el OT. El 62,50% (IC95%: 55,68; 68,98) de los que realizaron la 3a (216) consiguieron el OT. Finalmente, el 77,56% (IC95%: 72,13; 83,08) de los pacientes que realizaron la última visita (205) consiguieron el OT. A lo largo del estudio hubo una reducción de los niveles de c-LDL desde los 135,6 mg/ dL en la visita basal, 107,4 mg/dL en la 2a visita, 97,3 mg/ dL en la 3ª visita, hasta los 90,7 mg/dL en la visita final (p < 0,0001) El incremento de c-HDL entre la visita basal (50,9 mg/dL) y la final (53,6 mg/dL) también fue significativo (p = 0,013). Conclusiones: La reevaluación e intensificación del tratamiento en pacientes de alto riesgo cardiovascular atendidos en Atención Primaria, aplicando las indicaciones de las guías, permite alcanzar el OT en más de las tres cuartas partes de los previamente no controlados en el plazo de medio año. Estos resultados nos deben estimular a superar la inercia terapéutica en el control de la ECV mediante una actuación precoz y enérgica ante la hipercolesterolemia.

https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.5.8795 271 downloads

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