ABSTRACT Purpose: To report the clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes in a series of patients with vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma. Methods: This single-center, retrospective, interventional case series included patients with biopsy-confirmed vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma diagnosed between 1997 and 2020. Standard 23- or 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed for diagnostic sampling. Sclerotomies were treated with double or triple freeze-thaw cryotherapy. Perioperative intravitreal injections of melphalan (32 µg/0.075 mL) were administered, when indicated. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and systemic and ocular treatment responses were reported. Results: Five eyes of five patients with unilateral vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 84 (range, 37-88) years. The median follow-up after ophthalmic diagnosis was 28 (8.5-36) months; one patient did not have a follow-up. The initial visual acuity ranged from 20/30 to hand motions. Baseline clinical findings included pigmented or non-pigmented cellular infiltration of the vitreous (5/5), anterior segment (4/5), and retina (3/5). Four patients had secondary glaucoma. Systemic therapy included checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (n=3, all with partial/complete response), systemic chemotherapy (n=2), surgical resection (n=3), and radiation (n=2). The median time from primary diagnosis to vitreous metastasis was 2 (2-15) years. One patient had an active systemic disease at the time of vitreous metastasis. The final visual acuity ranged from 20/40 to no light perception. Ophthalmic treatment included vitrectomy in all five patients, intravitreal administration of melphalan in three, and intravitreal administration of methotrexate in one. One patient required enucleation, and histopathology revealed extensive invasion by melanoma cells. Conclusions: Vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma can present as a diffuse infiltration of pigmented or non-pigmented cells into the vitreous and may be misdiagnosed as uveitis. Diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy and periodic intravitreal chemotherapy may be indicated.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever os achados clínicos, tratamentos, e desfechos em uma série de pacientes com me tástases vítreas de melanoma cutâneo. Métodos: Série retrospectiva de casos de único centro com intervenção. Pacientes incluídos tiveram seu diagnóstico de MVMC confirmado por biópsia entre 1997 e 2020. Vitrectomia via pars plana com 23 ou 25 gauge foram realizadas para obter espécimens. Esclerotomias foram tratadas com crioterapia em duplo ou triplo congelamento. Injeção intravítrea perioperatória de melfalano (32 ug/0,075 mL) foi administrada quando necessário. Foram relatados acuidade visual, pressão intraocular, resposta terapêutica sistêmica e ocular. Resultados: Cinco olhos de 5 pacientes com metástases vítreas de melanoma cutâneo unilateral foram identificados. Idade média de diagnóstico foi 84 anos (variando de 37-88). Seguimento médio após diagnóstico oftalmológico foi 28 (8,5-36) meses; 1 paciente não teve acompanhamento. Acuidade visual inicial variou de 20/30 a movimentos de mão. Achados clínicos iniciais incluíram infiltração de células pigmentadas e não-pigmentadas no vítreo (5/5), segmento anterior (4/5), e retina (3/5). Quatro pacientes tiveram glaucoma secundário. Tratamento sistêmico incluiu imunoterapia com inibidores da via de sinalização (3 - todos com resposta parcial/completa), quimioterapia sistêmica (2), ressecção cirúrgica (3), e irradiação (2). Intervalo médio entre diagnóstico primário e metástases vítreas foi 2 (2-15) anos. Um paciente teve doença sistêmica ativa simultânea as metástases vítreas. Acuidade visual final variou entre 20/40 e SPL. Tratamento oftalmológico incluiu vitrectomia nos 5 pacientes, melfalano intravítreo em 3 e metotrexato intravítreo em 1. Um paciente precisou de enucleação. A histopatologia revelou invasão celular extensa de melanoma. Conclusões: Metástases vítreas de melanoma cutâneo pode se manifestar como uma infiltração difusa de células pigmentadas e não-pigmentadas no vítreo e erroneamente diagnosticada como uveites. Vitrectomia diagnóstica e quimioterapia intravítrea periódica podem estar indicadas.

Resumen Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares en las gestantes son desafiantes, con alta morbimortalidad materna y perinatal, por lo que se recomienda un equipo cardio-obstétrico para su atención. Aun así, pocos datos evalúan el impacto de estos equipos. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo comparar los resultados obstétricos, maternos y neonatales del seguimiento semiestructurado (SSE) en una clínica cardio-obstétrica con respecto a un seguimiento usual o seguimiento no estructurado (SNE) en gestantes con enfermedad cardiaca. Métodos: Se realizó un registro prospectivo de gestantes con cardiopatías. Se compararon las pacientes con SSE por un equipo cardio-obstétrico, contra aquellas con evaluación única o SNE. Se calculó el riesgo de eventos según la clasificación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud modificado (OMSm) y la escala del Cardiac Disease in Pregnancy Study II (CARPREG-II) y se evaluaron los desenlaces cardiacos, obstétricos y neonatales. Resultados: Se evaluaron 168 pacientes, 37 con SSE y 131 con evaluación única (SNE). Los principales diagnósticos fueron cardiopatía congénita, arritmias y valvulopatías. La media del CARPREG-II en pacientes de SNE fue 2.48 (DE: 2.3) y en pacientes de SSE fue 3.37 (DE: 2.45; p = 0.041). La media de la OMSm en pacientes de SNE fue 2.1 (DE: 1.6) y con SSE fue 2.65 (DE: 0.95; p = 0.0052). No hubo diferencias significativas en los desenlaces cardiacos primarios (13.8% en SNE vs. 5.4% en SSE; p = 0.134), cardiacos secundarios (5.3 en SNE vs. 2.7 en SSE; p = 0.410), obstétricos (10% en SNE vs. 16.2% en SSE; p = 0.253) y neonatales (35.9% en SNE y 40.5% en SSE; p = 0.486) a pesar de que las pacientes con SSE tenían un riesgo mayor que las pacientes con SNE según las escalas de la OMSm y el CARPREG-II. Conclusiones: En gestantes con cardiopatía, un SSE comparado con un SNE por un equipo cardio-obstétrico no mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los desenlaces cardiovasculares, obstétricos y neonatales, a pesar de que las pacientes con SSE tenían un riesgo significativamente más alto de desenlaces adversos por las escalas de la OMSm y el CARPREG-II. Esto sugiere que el SSE logra al menos equiparar los desenlaces a pesar del mayor riesgo de eventos adversos que tenían las pacientes de este grupo.

Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases in pregnant women are challenging, with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, so a cardio-obstetric team is recommended for their care. Even so, little data evaluates the impact of these teams. Therefore, the present study aims to compare the obstetric, maternal, and neonatal outcomes of semi-structured follow-up (SSF) in a Cardio-obstetric clinic concerning regular or unstructured follow-up (USF) in pregnant women with heart disease. Methods: A prospective registry of pregnant women with heart disease was carried out. Patients with SSF by a cardio-obstetric team were compared with those with single evaluation or USF. The risk of events was calculated according to the modified World Health Organization (mWHO) classification and the CARPREG-II scale, and cardiac, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes were evaluated. Results: One hundred sixty-eight patients were evaluated, 37 with SSF and 131 with single evaluation (USF). The primary diagnoses were congenital heart disease, arrhythmias, and valve disease. The average CARPREG-II in USF patients was 2.48 (SD 2.3); in SSF patients, it was 3.37 (SD 2.45; p = 0.041). The average of the mWHO in patients with USF was 2.1 (SD 1.6), and with SSF, it was 2.65 (SD 0.95; p = 0.0052). There were no significant differences in primary cardiac outcomes (13.8% in USF vs. 5.4% in SSF; p = 0.134), secondary cardiac (5.3% in USF vs. 2.7% in SSF; p = 0.410), obstetric (10% in USF vs. 16.2% in SSF; p = 0.253) and neonatal (35.9% in USF and 40.5% in SSF; p = 0.486) even though patients with SSF had a higher risk than patients with USF according to the mWHO and CARPREG-II scales. Conclusions: In pregnant women with heart disease, an SSF compared with a USF by a cardio-obstetric team did not show statistically significant differences in cardiovascular, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes. However, patients with SSF had a significantly higher risk of adverse outcomes due to the mWHO and CARPREG-II scales. This result suggests that the SSF achieves at least equal outcomes despite the higher risk of adverse events that patients in this group had.

Abstract Álvarez, M. A; F. M. Correa Uriburu, M. C. Barrera, R. J. Enrico, A. R. Andrada, G. M. Silenzi Usandivaras, V. A. Páez, M. S. Caro, I. C. Zampini & M. I. Isla. 2023. Comparison of two morphotypes of Zuccagnia punctata (Fabaceae) from Valles Calchaquíes in Argentina. Darwiniana, nueva serie 11(1): 139-154. Zuccagnia punctata Cav. (Fabaceae) is a medicinal aromatic shrub, a monotypic species with a wide distribution in Argentina. Two morphotypes were found in Valles Calchaquíes, one with yellow fruits (YF) and other with red-brown fruits (RBF). The color of fruits varies between individuals within a population, with some plants producing red-brown fruits and other yellow fruits. The cytogenetic differentiation was determined using root tips. Leaves and fruits were used to analyze chemical composition by HPLC-DAD and HPLC/MS/MS. The number of chromosome (2n = 24) was reported for the first time for the genus. The yellow fruits and red-brown fruits morphotypes showed different karyotypes. The compounds common to both morphotypes were identified in leaves and fruits as chalcones, compounds with biological activity and biomarkers used for quality control of Z. punctata products. Two chemotypes related to the color of the fruits, were detected. An anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-glucoside was found in red-brown fruits (4.75 mg.g-1 fruits) but not in yellow fruits. These is the first report on yellow fruits morphotype of Z. punctata and on presence of anthocyanins in Z. punctata red-brown fruits morphotype. This work contributes to the knowledge of Z. punctata, a native plant from Argentina with high economic potential to promote the regional economy.

Resumen Álvarez, M. A; F. M. Correa Uriburu, M. C. Barrera, R. J. Enrico, A. R. Andrada, G. M. Silenzi Usandivaras, V. A. Páez, M. S. Caro, I. C. Zampini & M. I. Isla. 2023. Comparación de dos morfotipos de Zuccagnia punctata (Fabaceae) en los Valles Calchaquíes en Argentina. Darwiniana, nueva serie 11(1): 139-154. Zuccagnia punctata Cav. (Fabaceae) es un arbusto aromático medicinal monotípico con amplia distribución en Argentina. En los Valles Calchaquíes se encontraron dos morfotipos, uno con frutos amarillos y otro con frutos marrón rojizo. El color de los frutos varía entre individuos de una misma población, observándose plantas que tienen frutos de color marrón rojizo y otras con frutos de color amarillo. La diferenciación citogenética fue determinada usando puntas de raíces mientras que las hojas y frutos se usaron para analizar la composición química por HPLC-DAD y HPLC/MS/MS. Se informó por primera vez el número cromosómico (2n = 24) para el género Zuccagnia. Ambos morfotipos mostraron diferentes cariotipos. Se identificaron chalconas como compuestos comunes en las hojas y frutos de ambos morfotipos. Las chalconas son consideradas biomarcadores en el control de calidad de productos a base de Z. punctata. Se detectaron dos quimiotipos relacionados al color de los frutos. La antocianina, cianidin 3-glucosido se encontró en frutos marrón rojizos (4.75 mg.g-1 fruto) pero no en frutos amarillos. Este es el primer informe sobre un morfotipo de Z. punctata con frutos amarillos y sobre la presencia de antocianinas en el morfotipo de frutos rojos. Este trabajo contribuye al conocimiento de Z. punctata, una planta nativa de Argentina con alto potencial económico para promover el desarrollo regional.

Abstract Background: A high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in critical care units and those undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The introduction of dexamethasone (DXM) as treatment for severe COVID-19 has improved mortality, but its effects in other organs remain under study. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between DXM and AKI in COVID-19. Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study, we evaluated the incidence of AKI in critically ill COVID-19 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, and the association of DXM treatment with the incidence, severity, and outcomes of AKI. The association between DXM treatment and AKI was evaluated by multivariable logistic regression. The association of the combination of DXM treatment and AKI on mortality was evaluated by Cox-regression analysis. Results: We included 552 patients. AKI was diagnosed in 311 (56%), of which 196 (63%) corresponded to severe (stage 2 or 3) AKI, and 46 (14.8%) received kidney replacement therapy. Two hundred and sixty-seven (48%) patients were treated with DXM. This treatment was associated to lower incidence of AKI (Odds Radio 0.34, 95% Confidence intervals [CI] 0.22-0.52, p < 0.001) after adjusting for age, body mass index, laboratory parameters, SOFA score, and vasopressor use. DXM treatment significantly reduced mortality in patients with severe AKI (HR 0.63, 95%CI 0.41-0.96, p = 0.032). Conclusions: The incidence of AKI is high in COVID-19 patients under IMV. DXM treatment is associated with a lower incidence of AKI and a lower mortality in the group with severe AKI.

Resumo Resíduos de agrotóxicos que contaminam o meio ambiente circulam no ciclo hidrológico, podendo se acumular na cadeia alimentar e causar problemas tanto à saúde ambiental quanto humana. Por sua vez, microrganismos são bem conhecidos por sua versatilidade metabólica e capacidade de degradar substâncias quimicamente estáveis, incluindo xenobióticos recalcitrantes. O estudo atual se concentrou na bioprospecção nos solos da floresta amazônica para encontrar novas linhagens de fungos capazes de degradar com eficiência o herbicida onipresente na agricultura e no meio ambiente, o glifosato. Entre os 50 fungos isolados (usando meio de cultura suplementado com glifosato como única fonte de carbono), a maioria eram isolados do gênero Penicillium (60%) e os outros eram isolados de Aspergillus e Trichoderma (26 e 8%, respectivamente). Todos os 50 isolados de fungos foram capazes de usar glifosato como fonte de fósforo. Oito desses isolados cresceram melhor em meio suplementado com glifosato do que em meio Czapek Dox regular. LC-MS revelou que a degradação do glifosato por Penicillium 4A21 resultou nos metabólitos sarcosina e ácido aminometilfosfônico.

Abstract Pesticide residues that contaminate the environment circulate within the hydrological cycle can accumulate within the food chain and cause problems to both environmental and human health. Microbes, however, are well known for their metabolic versatility and the ability to degrade chemically stable substances, including recalcitrant xenobiotics. The current study focused on bio-prospecting within Amazonian rainforest soils to find novel strains fungi capable of efficiently degrading the agriculturally and environmentally ubiquitous herbicide, glyphosate. Of 50 fungal strains isolated (using culture media supplemented with glyphosate as the sole carbon-substrate), the majority were Penicillium strains (60%) and the others were Aspergillus and Trichoderma strains (26 and 8%, respectively). All 50 fungal isolates could use glyphosate as a phosphorous source. Eight of these isolates grew better on glyphosate-supplemented media than on regular Czapek Dox medium. LC-MS revealed that glyphosate degradation by Penicillium 4A21 resulted in sarcosine and aminomethylphosphonic acid.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever os achados clínicos, tratamentos, e desfechos em uma série de pacientes com me tástases vítreas de melanoma cutâneo. Métodos: Série retrospectiva de casos de único centro com intervenção. Pacientes incluídos tiveram seu diagnóstico de MVMC confirmado por biópsia entre 1997 e 2020. Vitrectomia via pars plana com 23 ou 25 gauge foram realizadas para obter espécimens. Esclerotomias foram tratadas com crioterapia em duplo ou triplo congelamento. Injeção intravítrea perioperatória de melfalano (32 ug/0,075 mL) foi administrada quando necessário. Foram relatados acuidade visual, pressão intraocular, resposta terapêutica sistêmica e ocular. Resultados: Cinco olhos de 5 pacientes com metástases vítreas de melanoma cutâneo unilateral foram identificados. Idade média de diagnóstico foi 84 anos (variando de 37-88). Seguimento médio após diagnóstico oftalmológico foi 28 (8,5-36) meses; 1 paciente não teve acompanhamento. Acuidade visual inicial variou de 20/30 a movimentos de mão. Achados clínicos iniciais incluíram infiltração de células pigmentadas e não-pigmentadas no vítreo (5/5), segmento anterior (4/5), e retina (3/5). Quatro pacientes tiveram glaucoma secundário. Tratamento sistêmico incluiu imunoterapia com inibidores da via de sinalização (3 - todos com resposta parcial/completa), quimioterapia sistêmica (2), ressecção cirúrgica (3), e irradiação (2). Intervalo médio entre diagnóstico primário e metástases vítreas foi 2 (2-15) anos. Um paciente teve doença sistêmica ativa simultânea as metástases vítreas. Acuidade visual final variou entre 20/40 e SPL. Tratamento oftalmológico incluiu vitrectomia nos 5 pacientes, melfalano intravítreo em 3 e metotrexato intravítreo em 1. Um paciente precisou de enucleação. A histopatologia revelou invasão celular extensa de melanoma. Conclusões: Metástases vítreas de melanoma cutâneo pode se manifestar como uma infiltração difusa de células pigmentadas e não-pigmentadas no vítreo e erroneamente diagnosticada como uveites. Vitrectomia diagnóstica e quimioterapia intravítrea periódica podem estar indicadas.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To report the clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes in a series of patients with vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma. Methods: This single-center, retrospective, interventional case series included patients with biopsy-confirmed vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma diagnosed between 1997 and 2020. Standard 23- or 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed for diagnostic sampling. Sclerotomies were treated with double or triple freeze-thaw cryotherapy. Perioperative intravitreal injections of melphalan (32 µg/0.075 mL) were administered, when indicated. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and systemic and ocular treatment responses were reported. Results: Five eyes of five patients with unilateral vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 84 (range, 37-88) years. The median follow-up after ophthalmic diagnosis was 28 (8.5-36) months; one patient did not have a follow-up. The initial visual acuity ranged from 20/30 to hand motions. Baseline clinical findings included pigmented or non-pigmented cellular infiltration of the vitreous (5/5), anterior segment (4/5), and retina (3/5). Four patients had secondary glaucoma. Systemic therapy included checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (n=3, all with partial/complete response), systemic chemotherapy (n=2), surgical resection (n=3), and radiation (n=2). The median time from primary diagnosis to vitreous metastasis was 2 (2-15) years. One patient had an active systemic disease at the time of vitreous metastasis. The final visual acuity ranged from 20/40 to no light perception. Ophthalmic treatment included vitrectomy in all five patients, intravitreal administration of melphalan in three, and intravitreal administration of methotrexate in one. One patient required enucleation, and histopathology revealed extensive invasion by melanoma cells. Conclusions: Vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma can present as a diffuse infiltration of pigmented or non-pigmented cells into the vitreous and may be misdiagnosed as uveitis. Diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy and periodic intravitreal chemotherapy may be indicated.

Abstract: Research was carried out with the objective of studying the relationships between enterprise resource management and its planning in the implementation of a business management system (ERP) with Cloud Computing architecture in a company in the industrial processes sector. The research approach was based on documentary analysis, measurements and evaluations of contractual services and compliance with corporate parameters defined in the business process designs. The population and units of analysis focused on project documents and analytical references, as well as on the functionality of the work areas. The main investment values in consultancy for the implementation were identified, which represented 55.10% of the initial budget. However, during implementation, this representation decreased by 2%. The behavior of the subscription licensing service was also analyzed, which represented 22.35% of the total budget, but experienced a decrease of 5.25% in percentage terms. Although decreases were observed in the reasonable share of these elements, increases were recorded in consulting services and IT requirements management, with increases of 3.40% and 1.09%, respectively.

RESUMEN: Se llevó a cabo una investigación con el objetivo de estudiar las relaciones entre la gestión de recursos empresariales y su planificación en la implementación de un sistema de gestión empresarial (ERP) con arquitectura Cloud Computing en una empresa del sector de procesos industriales. El enfoque de la investigación se basó en el análisis documental, las mediciones y evaluaciones de los servicios contractuales y el cumplimiento de los parámetros corporativos definidos en los diseños de los procesos de negocio. La población y las unidades de análisis se centraron en los documentos y referencias analíticas de los proyectos, así como en la funcionalidad de las áreas de trabajo. Se identificaron los principales valores de inversión en consultoría para la implementación, los cuales representaron el 55.10% del presupuesto inicial. Sin embargo, durante la ejecución, esta representación disminuyó en un 2%. Asimismo, se analizó el comportamiento del servicio de licencia por suscripción, el cual representó el 22.35% del presupuesto total, pero experimentó una disminución del 5.25% en términos porcentuales. Aunque se observaron decrementos en la participación razonable de estos elementos, se registraron incrementos en los servicios de consultoría y gestión de requerimientos del área de TI, con aumentos del 3.40% y 1.09%, respectivamente.

Resumen Gutiérrez, H.; R. Castañeda, M. Charcape-Ravelo, Y. A. Infante, A. Sotelo M., V. Correa & W. Nauray. 2023. Telipogon mariae-luisae (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) una nueva especie del norte del Perú. Darwiniana, nueva serie 11(2): 446-451. Se describe una nueva especie de Telipogon (Orchidaceae, Oncidiinae) basada en 2 colecciones halladas en los bosques estacionalmente secos del departamento de Piura en Perú. Telipogon mariae-luisae es morfológicamente similar a T. chachapoyensis especie alopátrica registrada en el departamento de Amazonas, de la que difiere por las dimensiones florales, la pilosidad del labelo y el número de nervaduras de los pétalos. La nueva especie se describe y se aportan ilustraciones, fotografías, discusiones y una clave para las especies morfológicamente afines.

Abstract Gutiérrez, H.; R. Castañeda, M. Charcape-Ravelo, Y. A. Infante, A. Sotelo M., V. Correa & W. Nauray. 2023. Telipogon mariae-luisae (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) a new species from northern Peru. Darwiniana, nueva serie 11(2): 446-451. A new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae, Oncidiinae) is described based on two collections found in the seasonally dry forests in Piura department, Peru. Telipogon mariae-luisae is morphologically similar to T. chachapoyensis, an allopatric species recorded in the Amazonas department, from which it differs by floral dimensions, labellum pilosity, and number of petal veins. The new species is described, and illustrations, photographs, discussion, plus a key to morphologically related species are provided.

Abstract The Pantanal is the largest seasonal freshwater wetland on Earth, characterized by the seasonal flooding and complex mosaic vegetation, which determines its biodiversity. Among this biodiversity, dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) are a group of insects that perform important ecological functions, such as: nutrient cycling, seed dispersion and parasite control. In order to mitigate the lack of information on dung beetle fauna of the Brazilian Pantanal, we conducted a bibliographic search of virtually all literature published until november-2020 on dung beetles sampled in the Pantanal. In addition, we had accessed to the records the largest collection of the dung beetle species from Brazilian Pantanal. We recorded 68 dung beetle species of 30 genera. The genera Canthon Holffmanseg 1847 is the most diverse with 13 species recorded. Although our knowledge about the dung beetle fauna in this ecosystem is still incipient, our results demonstrated a high richness of dung beetles in the Brazilian Pantanal. In addition, our study provides first list of dung beetle species and an illustrated dichotomy key to identify genera and some species occurring in the Brazilian Pantanal. Thus, the use of this guide for identification of dung beetle species and a list of species can be important tools to help researchers and provide incentive for new inventories on dung beetle fauna in the Brazilian Pantanal.

Resumo O Pantanal é a maior área úmida sazonal de água doce Neotropical da Terra, caracterizada pelas inundações sazonais e pela complexa vegetação em mosaico, que determina sua biodiversidade. Dentre essa biodiversidade, os besouros rola-bosta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) são um grupo de insetos que desempenham importantes funções ecológicas, tais como: ciclagem de nutrientes, dispersão de sementes e controle de parasitas. A fim de mitigar a falta de informações sobre a fauna de besouros rola-bosta do Pantanal brasileiro, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica de praticamente toda a literatura publicada até novembro de 2020 sobre besouros rola-bosta amostrados no Pantanal. Além disso, acessamos os registros da maior coleção da espécie de rola-bosta do Pantanal brasileiro. Registramos 68 espécies de besouros rola-bosta de 30 gêneros. O gênero Canthon Holffmanseg 1847 é o mais diverso com 13 espécies registradas. Embora nosso conhecimento sobre a fauna de rola-bostas neste ecossistema ainda seja incipiente, nossos resultados demonstraram uma alta riqueza de besouros rola-bosta no Pantanal brasileiro. Além disso, nosso estudo fornece a primeira lista de espécies de besouros rola-bosta e uma chave de dicotomia ilustrada para identificar gêneros e algumas espécies encontrados no Pantanal brasileiro. Assim, a utilização deste guia para identificação das espécies de besouros rola-bostas e uma lista de espécies podem ser ferramentas importantes para auxiliar pesquisadores e incentivar novos inventários sobre a fauna de besouros rola-bostas no Pantanal brasileiro.

Abstract Cowpea is one of the main crops in family agriculture, especially in the Northeastern region of Brazil, and it is expanding to other regions in Brazil. The use of seeds with low physiological and health quality is reflected in the plant development and consequently yield, making it important to study the seed physiological and health quality. The objective of the present study was to assess the physiology and health of traditional and biofortified cowpea seeds. The traditional cowpea varieties (Angelim, Mercado and Manteguinha) and the biofortified cowpea cultivars (BRS Aracê, BRS Xique-Xique and BRS Tumucumaque) were assessed for the following physiological parameters: water content (WC), first count (FC), germination test (G), germination speed index (GSI), seedling emergence in the greenhouse (E), emergence speed index (ESI), seedling aerial part and root length (APL and RL) and electric conductivity test (EC). The seed health quality was assessed by the Blotter Test. The water content present in the seeds of the traditional and biofortified varieties ranged from 10% to 14%. All the traditional and biofortified varieties showed high germination and emergence value in the greenhouse. The germination and emergence speed indexes indicated the BRS Aracê and BRS Xique-Xique cultivars as the most vigorous. In the health tests the highest indexes were the storage fungi Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. and Penicillium sp., with the highest prevalence in the BRS Tumucumaque variety, which was probably related to the higher water content present in this variety.

Resumo O feijão-caupi é uma das principais culturas da agricultura familiar, especialmente da região Nordeste, e encontra-se em expansão para as demais regiões do Brasil. O uso de sementes com baixa qualidade fisiológica e sanitária refletem no desenvolvimento das plantas e consequentemente na produtividade. Desse modo ressalta-se a importância do estudo da qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes. Esse trabalho objetivou avaliar a fisiologia e sanidade de sementes tradicionais e biofortificadas de feijão-caupi. As variedades tradicionais (Angelim, Mercado e Manteguinha) e as biofortificadas (BRS Aracê, BRS Xique-Xique e BRS Tumucumaque) de feijão-caupi foram avaliadas quanto aos seguintes parâmetros fisiológicos: Teor de água (T.A), Primeira contagem (PC), Teste de germinação (G), Índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), Emergência de plântulas em casa de vegetação (E), Índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE) Comprimento da parte aérea e raiz da mudas (CPA e CR) e Teste de Condutividade Elétrica (CE). Para avaliação da qualidade sanitária das sementes foi adotado o Blotter Test. O teor de água presente nas sementes das variedades tradicionais e biofortificadas, encontra-se entre 10% a 14%. Todas as variedades tradicionais e biofortificadas apresentaram alto valor de germinação e emergência em casa de vegetação. O índice de velocidade de germinação e emergência indicaram as cultivares BRS Aracê e BRS Xique-Xique as mais vigorosas. Nos testes de sanidade a maior incidência foram dos fungos de armazenamento Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. e o Penicillium sp., com maior prevalência na variedade BRS Tumucumaque, provavelmente relacionado ao maior teor de água presente nessa variedade.

Abstract: Pervious concrete (PC) is considered a solution to reduce the effects of heat islands, runoff problems, and the concentrations of pollutants present in the water; however, its potential as a filter bed is used in the treatment of sanitary sewage has never been evaluated. This work aimed to assess the influence of photocatalytic TiO2 addition in PC on the concentration of total phosphorus, total ammonia, nitrate, total solids, and turbidity for application in the treatment of sanitary sewage. Sunlight was used as a radiation source. A flat photocatalytic reactor was built, in which 100 liters of raw sewage were pumped, with a flow of 100 L/min over the PC slabs, covering a total area of 1 m². The TiO2 concentrations added to the PC were 3, 6, and 10%. The results indicate efficiency in the adsorption of total phosphorus, total ammonia, nitrate, total solids, and turbidity. Thus, using PC associated with 10% TiO2 can add efficiency to the sanitary sewage treatment process by maintaining good mechanical and hydraulic behavior.

Resumen: El concreto permeable (CP) se considera una solución para reducir los efectos de las islas de calor, los problemas de escorrentía y las concentraciones de contaminantes presentes en el agua; sin embargo, nunca se ha evaluado su potencial como lecho filtrante en el tratamiento de aguas residuales sanitarias. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la influencia de la adición fotocatalítica de TiO2 en CP sobre la concentración de fósforo total, amoníaco total, nitrato, sólidos totales y turbidez para su aplicación en el tratamiento de aguas residuales sanitarias. La luz del sol se utilizó como fuente de radiación. Se construyó un reactor fotocatalítico plano, en el cual se bombearon 100 litros de aguas residuales sin tratar, con un caudal de 100 L/min sobre las placas de PC, cubriendo un área total de 1 m². Las concentraciones de TiO2 añadidas al PC fueron 3, 6 y 10%. Los resultados indican eficiencia en la adsorción de fósforo total, amoníaco total, nitrato, sólidos totales y turbidez. Por lo tanto, el uso de CP asociado con 10% de TiO2 puede agregar eficiencia al proceso de tratamiento de aguas residuales sanitarias al mantener un buen comportamiento mecánico e hidráulico.

Abstract The present study aimed to determine Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) prevalence according to environmental samples and to explore the herd-level risk factors associated to MAP infection in dairy herds under mechanical milking parlor and pasture grazing-based systems. The study herds (n= 94) were located in 60 districts from five municipalities in the Northern region of the province of Antioquia, Colombia. Herds were visited once in 2016 to collect two composite environmental samples and to complete a risk assessment questionnaire. MAP identification was carried out using a quantitative real-time PCR method based on the IS900 sequence. A herd was considered as MAP-positive if one or both of the environmental samples were found positive by the molecular technique. The information on risk factors was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. The apparent herd-level prevalence found was 14.9 % (14/94; 95 % CI: 7.7-22.1), ranging from 0 to 33.3 % at municipality-level. Herds where other than Pure-Holstein breeds were predominant (i.e. Jersey, Jersey crossbreeds) were more likely to be MAP-qPCR positively infected than those on which where pure-Holstein cattle was predominant (OR=3.7; 95 % CI: 1.1-15.2). The present study reports MAP prevalence in dairy herds in the province of Antioquia (Colombia), and the association between MAP environmental positivity with the predominant breed in the herd.

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) según muestras ambientales y explorar los factores de riesgo a nivel de hato asociados a la infección por MAP en hatos lecheros bajo sistemas de sala de ordeño mecánico y basados en pastoreo de prados. Los hatos de estudio (n= 94) se ubicaron en 60 distritos de cinco municipios de la región Norte de la Provincia de Antioquia, Colombia. Los hatos fueron visitados una vez en 2016 para recolectar dos muestras ambientales compuestas y completar un cuestionario de evaluación de riesgos. La identificación de MAP se llevó a cabo utilizando un método de PCR cuantitativo en tiempo real basado en la secuencia IS900. Un hato se consideró como MAP-positivo si una o ambas muestras ambientales resultaron positivas mediante la técnica molecular. La información sobre los factores de riesgo se analizó utilizando un modelo de regresión logística multivariable. La prevalencia aparente a nivel de hato encontrada fue de 14.9 % (14/94; IC 95 %: 7.7-22.1), oscilando entre 0 y 33.3 % a nivel municipal. Los hatos en los que predominaban razas distintas a la Holstein pura (estas son, Jersey, cruzas de Jersey) tenían más probabilidades de estar positivamente infectados con MAP-qPCR que aquellos en los que predominaba el ganado Holstein puro (OR= 3.7; IC 95 %: 1.1-15.2). El presente estudio reporta la prevalencia de MAP en hatos lecheros de la Provincia de Antioquia (Colombia), y la asociación entre la positividad ambiental de MAP con la raza predominante en el hato.

Abstract We report on a functional Fabry-Perot mode interferometer and its application for absolute displacement sensing. The proposed device consists of two well-cleaved tips of standard optical fibers that were introduced into a microcapillary glass with an inner diameter of ∼ 125.5 um; one tip was stuck to the capillary by the application of an electric arc from a standard splice machine, while the other tip was free to be longitudinally moved. The transmission spectrum of the interferometric device exhibited an interferometric pattern due to the reflections of the fundamental mode on the two partial reflecting tip surfaces of the standard optical fibers. The period and the intensity level of the interference pattern depend strongly on the separation between the optical fiber tips caused by the displacement of the free optical fiber tip. This dependence allows for the use of either period or intensity changes for length displacement sensing interrogation. For the period interrogation, the length can be accurately calculated and measured by taking the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the detected interference pattern. For intensity interrogation, a simple photodetector can determine the distance that separates the optical fiber tips.

RESUMEN La curcumina contrarresta diversas patologías como el cáncer o enfermedades neuro-degenerativas. Sin embargo, su solubilidad es baja en soluciones acuosas limitando su aplicabilidad. Esta investigación elaboró una nanoemulsión estable de aceite en agua (O/W) a base de oleorresina deCúrcuma longa(ORC) para ser aplicada a bebida acuosa como una posible alternativa al uso de colorantes artificiales como la tartrazina. Se formularon y prepararon dos tipos de nanoemulsión: Oleorresina (EORC) y curcumina comercial 75 % (ECC). Estas se caracterizaron mediante el porcentaje de retención de curcumina (CR), contenido de fenoles totales (TPC); estabilidad física y tamaño de partícula (TP) por microscopía electrónica de transmisión (TEM). Se obtuvieron nanoemulsiones estables con TP de 10,201 nm y 13,847 para EORC y ECC respectivamente. EL CR hallado fue de 67,13 % (EORC) y 81,991 % (ECC); y, el contenido de fenoles para EORC fue de 35,466 y 36,128 mg EAGL/L para ECC. Igualmente, se obtuvieron bebidas acuosas a base de EORC con un CR de 80, 014 %. La bebida con EORC presentó mayor turbidez en comparación a la ECC y la tartrazina (control). Se obtuvieron nanoemulsiones y bebidas estables con aspectos diferenciables como color, turbidez, tamaño de partícula, separación de fases/tiempo. La EORC presentó mayor CR, por lo tanto, puede ser una alternativa potencial como colorante y antioxidante en bebidas acuosas.

ABSTRACT Curcumin counteracts over different pathologies like cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. However, its solubility is low in aqueous solutions therefore limiting its applicability. This study worked on obtaining an oil-in-water (O/W) stable oleoresin-based emulsion of Curcuma longa (ORC) to be applied into an aqueous beverage as an alternative to artificial colorants such as tartrazine. Two types of nanoemulsion were formulated and prepared: Oleoresin (EORC), and commercial curcumin 75 % (ECC). They were differentiated by percentage curcumin retention (CR), total phenol content (TPC); physical stability, and particle size (TP) under a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Two stable nanoemulsions were obtained with a TP of 10,201nm (EORC), and 13,847 nm for ECC. CR observed for EORC was 67,136 % and 8,991 % for ECC. Total Phenol content of 35,466 and 36,128 mg EAG/L respectively. Same way, aqueous beverages with EORC were processed and showed a CR of 80,014 %. EORC beverage presented higher turbidity compared to ECC and tartrazine (as control). Emulsions and beverages revealed settle aspects like color, turbidity; particles size or phase/time division. EORC exhibited greater CR which could be a possible alternative as colorant and antioxidant in aqueous beverages