Pesquisa | SciELO

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os fatores relacionados à saúde mental dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS) no contexto da COVID-19. Participaram 1.935 ACS de quatro capitais nordestinas e de quatro cidades do interior do Ceará. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e profissiográficos; SRQ-20; WHOQOL-Bref; exposição à violência; Escala de Autoeficácia Geral (EAEG); Escala Multidimensional de Suporte Social Percebido (MSPSS); informações relacionadas à COVID-19 e Escala de Ansiedade para Coronavírus (EAC). 40,5% exibiram SRQ > 7, sinalizando altos níveis de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC)/problemas de saúde mental. Utilizou-se a regressão linear múltiplas (backward). Observou-se que o aumento de risco de TCM foi influenciado pelos seguintes fatores: exposição à violência; EAC; não saber se teve COVID-19; desconhecer as variáveis que diminuíam o risco; os domínios físico e psicológico do WHOQOL-Bref; não ter aumento da jornada de trabalho; e não ter tido COVID-19. Os dados revelam a dinâmica multidimensional da saúde mental e ajudam a compreender a relação entre violência comunitária, COVID-19, qualidade de vida, idade e tempo de atuação na ESF com a saúde mental dos ACS.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the factors related to the mental health of Community Health Workers (ACS) in the COVID-19 context. A total of 1,935 ACS from four Northeastern capitals and four cities in the inland region of Ceará participated. The following data were collected: sociodemographic; professional; SRQ-20; WHOQOL-Bref, exposure to violence, General Self-Efficacy Scale (EAEG), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), COVID-19-related information, and the coronavirus anxiety scale (EAC). Approximately 40.5% had SRQ > 7, signaling high levels of Common Mental Disorders (CMD)/mental health issues. We adopted the Multiple linear (backward) regression. We observed that the increased risk of CMD was influenced by exposure to violence, EAC, not knowing they had COVID-19, not knowing the variables that reduced the risk, the physical and psychological domains of the WHOQOL-Bref, not having increased working hours, and not having had COVID-19. The data reveal the multidimensional dynamics of mental health and help understand the relationship between community violence, COVID-19, quality of life, age, and ESF working time with the mental health of ACS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023288.06462023

Saúde mental de agentes comunitários de saúde no contexto da COVID-19
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Vieira-Meyer, Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes

; Farias, Sidney Feitoza

; Forte, Franklin Delano Soares

; Costa, Milena Silva

; Guimarães, José Maria Ximenes

; Morais, Ana Patrícia Pereira

; Oliveira, André Luiz Sá de

; Silva Júnior, Fernando José Guedes da

; Nascimento, Elaine Ferreira do

; Vasconcelos, Maristela Inês Osawa

; Dias, Maria Socorro de Araújo

; Oliveira, Felipe Proenço de

; Machado, Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa

; Castro, Marcia C.

; Yousafzai, Aisha Khizar

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 28 Nº 8 Páginas 2363 - 2376

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023288.06462023

Comparative study of the oil repellent activity of Copaifera officinalis Linnaeus and Copaifera reticulata Ducke front nymphs of Periplaneta americana Linnaeus
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Machado, Letícia de Oliveira

; Santos, Ana Carolina Silva dos

; Costa, Hiago Jonhe da

; Favacho, Hugo Alexandre Silva

; Gomes, Madson Ralide Fonseca

; Oliveira, Elaine Cristina Pacheco de

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2023, Volume 59 elocation e21683

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract To control urban pests, especially cockroaches of the Periplaneta americana species, various pesticides have been developed that are increasingly potent and effective. However, the unrestrained application of pesticides has had negative consequences, such as the disappearance of some useful insect species and, consequently, the appearance of new pests, both in the countryside and cities. Due to the current scenario, it was necessary to search for new alternatives for the control of these insects. Among the species studied, Copaíba stood out. The oils were analyzed using GC-MS, b-caryophyllene and a-bergamotene being the predominant compounds. Repellency tests were performed with three different concentrations of C. officinalis and C. reticulata, 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL, in triplicate. It can be observed that the oil of C. officinalis was more repellent to the nymphs at concentrations of 500 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL, however, when the behavior in nymphs exposed to the concentration of 125 μg/mL was compared, it was noted that C. reticulata oil was more repellent at this concentration. Copaifera has shown promising activity as a repellent against arthropods owing to the complex chemical composition of its oils.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e21683

Atualização da Diretriz Brasileira de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar – 2021
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Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira

; Giraldez, Viviane Zorzanelli Rocha

; Bertolami, Adriana

; Santos Filho, Raul Dias dos

; Lottenberg, Ana Maria

; Assad, Marcelo Heitor Vieira

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

; Chacra, Ana Paula M.

; Martinez, Tania L. R.

; Bahia, Luciana Ribeiro

; Fonseca, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein

; Faludi, Andre Arpad

; Sposito, Andrei C.

; Chagas, Antônio Carlos Palandri

; Jannes, Cinthia Elim

; Amaral, Cristiane Kovacs

; Araújo, Daniel Branco de

; Cintra, Dennys Esper

; Coutinho, Elaine dos Reis

; Cesena, Fernando

; Xavier, Hermes Toros

; Mota, Isabela Cardoso Pimentel

; Giuliano, Isabela de Carlos Back

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Kato, Juliana Tieko

; Bertolami, Marcelo Chiara

; Miname, Marcio Hiroshi

; Castelo, Maria Helane Costa Gurgel

; Lavrador, Maria Sílvia Ferrari

; Machado, Roberta Marcondes

; Souza, Patrícia Guedes de

; Alves, Renato Jorge

; Machado, Valeria Arruda

; Salgado Filho, Wilson

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Out 2021, Volume 117 Nº 4 Páginas 782 - 844

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210788 231 downloads

Insect galls and associated fauna in two areas of Cerrado sensu stricto in the State of Bahia, Brazil
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CAMPOS, GABRIELA B.D.

; COSTA, ELAINE C.

; SANTOS, DÉBORA L.S.

; CARVALHO-FERNANDES, SHEILA P.

; SANTOS-SILVA, JULIANA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20201442

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study inventoried and characterized the richness of galling insects based on gall morphotypes and their host plants in two Cerrado sensu stricto areas of Caetité municipality in Bahia State, Brazil, to aid the identification of galling insects and their host plants, as well as to contribute to the knowledge and conservation of local biodiversity. The survey was conducted in the Moita dos Porcos archaeological site and João Barroca Farm site, adopting the random walking methodology for sampling, during 12 months. We recorded 98 gall morphotypes on 42 plant species belonging to 36 genera and 22 families. Leguminosae, Malpighiaceae and Myrtaceae demonstrated the greatest richness of galls, and the Copaifera langsdorffii was the super-host species, with 16 gall morphotypes. Most galls occur on leaves, and may be globoid, glabrous, grouped, and are usually unilocular, and brown. The galling insects identified belonged to Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Thysanoptera. Eight plant host species and eight gall morphotypes were recorded for the first time in Cerrado areas in Brazil. The areas surveyed demonstrated high richness of gall morphotypes and host plants, evidencing the importance of studying and preserving different areas of the same biome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201442 68 downloads

Diet of Crossodactylus timbuhy (Anura: Hylodidae) in the Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Campinhos, Elaine Costa

; Ferreira, Rodrigo Barbosa

; Mageski, Marcio Marques

; Srbek-Araujo, Ana Carolina

Biota Neotropica

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2020, Volume 20 Nº 4 elocation e20190943

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Os anuros são predadores e presas, desempenhando um importante papel no funcionamento dos ecossistemas. A composição da dieta está intimamente relacionada à estratégia de forrageamento das espécies e as informações sobre os itens consumidos são úteis para compreensão das interações intra e interespecíficas nas redes tróficas. O presente estudo objetivou determinar a composição da dieta, a estratégia de forrageamento e a relação entre a ingestão de presas e as medidas corporais de Crossodactylus timbuhy, uma espécie de anuro descrita recentemente. Foi analisado o conteúdo estomacal de 66 espécimes (15 machos e 51 fêmeas) de C. timbuhy e registrados 466 itens alimentares, distribuídos em 20 categorias de presas. A dieta consistiu principalmente de Formicidae e Coleoptera, as quais apresentaram maior número de itens consumidos, maior frequência de ocorrência e maior importância entre as presas registradas. A composição da dieta foi relativamente semelhante à de outras espécies do gênero Crossodactylus. O volume das presas foi positivamente relacionado com o tamanho e o peso dos espécimes, sugerindo que os indivíduos podem se alimentar de qualquer presa que eles possam engolir. A dieta apresentou variação entre os sexos. Apesar das fêmeas serem maiores e mais pesadas do que os machos, elas consumiram mais presas menores e ingeriram mais categorias de presas. Sugere-se que C. timbuhy tenha hábito alimentar invertebrado-oportunista. É provável que C. timbuhy apresente uma combinação de estratégias “senta-e-espera” e “forrageador ativo” devido ao alto consumo de presas altamente móveis e de presas sedentárias.

Abstract: Anurans are predator and prey, playing an important role in ecosystem functioning. The diet composition is closely related to feeding strategy, and the information about prey items is useful to understand intra and interspecific interactions in trophic webs. Here we determined diet composition, feeding strategy, and relation between prey ingestion and body measures of Crossodactylus timbuhy, a recently described anuran species. We found 466 prey items from 20 prey categories in the stomach of 66 specimens (15 males and 51 females) of C. timbuhy. The diet consists mostly of Formicidae and Coleoptera, the items with the highest number, frequency of occurrence and prey importance. The diet composition was relatively similar to other species of Crossodactylus. Prey volume was positively related to frog size and weight, suggesting frogs may feed upon any prey they can swallow. Diet showed some variation between sexes. Despite females were larger and heavier than males, females had higher consumption of smaller prey, and ingested a larger number of prey categories. We suggest C. timbuhy has an invertebrate-opportunistic feeding habit. It is likely C. timbuhy uses a combination of ‘sit-and-wait’ and ‘active search’ strategies due to high consumption of both highly mobile and sedentary prey.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2019-0943 660 downloads

Physico-chemical characteristics of passion fruit flour under removal of flavedo and of maceration
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Silva, Elaine C. O. da

; Silva, Wilton P. da

; Gomes, Josivanda P.

; Silva, Cleide D. P. da S. e

; Souto, Leidjane M. de

; Costa, Zanelli R. T.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Nov 2019, Volume 23 Nº 11 Páginas 869 - 875

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O maracujá tem a casca (albedo e flavedo) como componente majoritário, podendo esta, ser utilizada na fabricação de farinha como fonte de nutrientes e para enriquecimento de produtos alimentícios. Assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar o processo de fabricação de farinha do albedo e da casca integral de maracujá nas temperaturas de 70 e 80 °C, verificando-se as influências da remoção do flavedo e da maceração nas características físicas e químicas das farinhas. As farinhas obtidas são claras, com leve disposição à tonalidade vermelha e tendência maior à coloração amarela. O teor de umidade encontra-se dentro dos limites estabelecidos pelas normas vigentes da ANVISA (máximo de 15%). A remoção do flavedo contribuiu para o aumento da atividade de água e os teores de fibra bruta, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido, entretanto reduziu os teores de umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídios e carboidratos. A maceração diminuiu a luminosidade e os teores lipídios e carboidratos e aumenta as cromaticidades a* e b* e a umidade nas farinhas com casca. O aumento da temperatura diminuiu o teor de proteínas e aumenta os teores de quantidade de cinzas e lipídios. Com base na composição centesimal, a farinha deve ser preparada com casca inteira sem maceração e seca a 80 °C.

ABSTRACT Passion fruit has the peel (albedo and flavedo) as its major component and it can be used in the production of flour as source of nutrients and enrichment of food products. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the production of flours from passion fruit albedo and whole peel, verifying the influences of flavedo removal and maceration, as well as the variation in drying temperature (70 and 80 °C) on the physical and chemical characteristics of the flours. The flours has a light color with slight trend to red and stronger trend to yellow. Moisture content is within the limits established by the current norms of ANVISA (a maximum of 15%). The flavedo removal contributed to the increase of water, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber concentrations. However, it reduced moisture, ash, protein, lipids and carbohydrates concentrations. On the other hand, the maceration decreases luminosity, lipids and carbohydrates and increases the chromaticity a* and b* and moisture in the flours. In relation to the increase in temperature, a decrease was observed in the protein concentration and an increase in the concentration of ash and lipids. Based on centesimal composition, the flour should be prepared with whole peel without maceration and dried at 80 °C.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n11p869-875 967 downloads

Microbiological Indicators of Soil Quality Under Native Forests are Influenced by Topographic Factors
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TEIXEIRA, ANITA F.S.

; SILVA, JACQUELINE S.

; VILELA, LAÍZE A.F.

; COSTA, PATRÍCIA F.

; COSTA, ELAINE M. DA

; GUIMARÃES, AMANDA A.

; SANTOS, JESSÉ V. DOS

; SILVA, SÉRGIO H.G.

; CARNEIRO, MARCO AURÉLIO C.

; MOREIRA, FATIMA M.S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 Nº 4 elocation e20180696

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Several microbiological indicators of soil quality present high sensitivity, but little is known about the influence of topographic factors on them. This work aimed to evaluate variability of biological indicators of soil quality across a hillslope under native forest and the influence of topographic factors on them. Four positions on a hillslope were evaluated. Activity of the enzymes β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, urease and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis were determined, as well as basal and substrate-induced respiration, and density of microorganisms: total bacteria, total fungi, actinobacteria, phosphate solubilizers, ammonifiers, native rhizobia, free-living N2-fixing bacteria, spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and percentage of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Activity and density of microorganisms were correlated with topographic factors. The relation of these factors to the variations of the evaluated indicators was determined using the random forest algorithm. Microbiological indicators varied according to the hillslope positions. The indicators urease, basal respiration, spore density, mycorrhizal colonization, total bacteria and fungi, phosphate solubilizers, and free-living N2-fixing bacteria detected in JNFB and FAM culture medium did not vary with terrain attributes and were therefore more indicated in cases of topographic variations. This and future studies can help to select the best microbiological indicators for different conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920189696 793 downloads

Occurrence and characterization of entomogenic galls in an area of Cerrado sensu stricto and Gallery forest of the state of Bahia, Brazil
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SILVA, APARECIDA RAVENE F. DA

; NOGUEIRA, RAVENA M.

; COSTA, ELAINE C.

; CARVALHO-FERNANDES, SHEILA P.

; SANTOS-SILVA, JULIANA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Set 2018, Volume 90 Nº 3 Páginas 2903 - 2919

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract We surveyed insect galls in an area of Cerrado sensu stricto and Gallery forest in the municipality of Caetité (BA) to contribute to current knowledge of the local flora and its associated gall-inducing insects. Monthly collections were made between February/2015 and January/2016, totaling 12 field campaigns (involving two or three people and lasting four hours) that followed an established path through the countryside. A total of 63 gall morphotypes were identified on 47 host plant species belonging to 22 families; 17 morphotypes were found in the Gallery forest and 46 in Cerrado vegetation. The plant families showing the greatest gall richness were Leguminosae (n=15), Myrtaceae (n=9), and Asteraceae (n=7). The species with the greatest number of galls was Mimosa gemmulata Barneby (Leguminosae) (n=3). Most galls were observed on leaves (66%) and stems (24%); they were mostly green (49.3%) or brown (26%), with globoid shapes (39.7%) or marginal roll (17.4%), and were unilocular (87%), glabrous (62%) and isolated (89%). Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) were the principal gall-inducing insects. The associated fauna was principally composed of Hymenoptera. Eight plant taxa were recorded for the first time as hosts of galling fauna.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170522 939 downloads

10.

Riqueza de galhas de insetos em áreas de Caatinga com diferentes graus de antropização do estado da Bahia, Brasil
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Brito, Gilda P.

; Costa, Elaine C.

; Carvalho-Fernandes, Sheila P.

; Santos-Silva, Juliana

Iheringia. Série Zoologia

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2018, Volume 108 elocation e2018003

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O conhecimento sobre galhas de insetos da Caatinga ainda é fragmentado, com grande parte do esforço científico concentrado em alguns poucos pontos nos estados de Pernambuco e Bahia. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de galhas entomógenas e realizar sua caracterização morfológica em áreas de Caatinga de Ibiassucê, Estado da Bahia, com diferentes intensidades de ação antrópica. Foram selecionadas três áreas com base nos seus diferentes graus de antropização. Em cada área amostrada foram estabelecidas quatro parcelas aleatórias de 10 m2 cada, com 10 m de distância entre si, perfazendo um total de 12 parcelas nos ambientes. Foram registrados 20 morfotipos de galhas distribuídos em nove espécies vegetais pertencentes a oito famílias. A maior riqueza de galhas foi encontrada nas áreas intermediárias (n=8), seguida das áreas antropizadas (n=7) e preservadas (n=5). Galhas globoides, marrons, com apenas uma câmara, glabras e disseminadas separadamente foram as mais frequentes. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera e Diptera (Cecidomyiidae) foram as ordens galhadoras. Os resultados aqui apresentados demonstram a importância desse tipo estudo e evidenciam a necessidade da realização de inventários de galhas em áreas pouco ou não amostradas da Caatinga.

ABSTRACT The current knowledge of insect galls in Caatinga vegetation is still only fragmentary, with most scientific efforts concentrated in only a few areas in the states of Pernambuco and Bahia. In the present study, we characterized morphologically insect galls in areas of Caatinga vegetation showing different degrees of anthropogenic impact in Ibiassucê, state of Bahia. Three sites were selected based on their levels of human disturbance, and four random plots (10 m2 each), separated from each other by 10 m, were then established in each area, for a total of 12 plots. Twenty gall morphotypes were found on nine plant species belonging to eight families. The greatest gall diversity was found in sites showing intermediate levels of anthropogenic impacts (n=8), followed by heavily impacted areas (n=7), and preserved areas (n=5). Globoid galls, brown, with only a single chamber, glabrous, and separately disseminated were the most frequent. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera (Cecidomyiidae) were the gall-forming insect orders. The results presented here show the importance of this kind of research and the need of inventories of galls in neglected Caatinga areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2018003 4184 downloads

11.

Antifungal, antibiofilm, and antiproliferative activities of Guapira graciliflora Mart
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Almeida, Carolina Medeiros de

; Lima, Rennaly de Freitas

; Costa, Tereza Karla Vieira Lopes da

; Sousa, Ilza Maria de Oliveira

; Cabral, Elaine Cristina

; Basting, Rosanna Tarkany

; Torre, Adriana Della

; Cavalcanti, Yuri Wanderley

; Rosalen, Pedro Luiz

; Duarte, Marta Cristina Teixeira

; Ruiz, Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois

; Foglio, Mary Ann

; Godoy, Gustavo Pina

; Costa, Edja Maria Melo de Brito

Brazilian Oral Research

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2018, Volume 32 elocation e41

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antifungal, antibiofilm and antiproliferative activities of the extract from the leaves of Guapira graciliflora Mart. The phytochemical characterization of the extract was performed using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the extract and its fractions was evaluated using the broth microdilution method against species of Candida. The inhibition of C. albicans biofilm was evaluated based on the number of colony-forming units (CFU) and metabolic activity (MTT). The antiproliferative activity of the extract and its fraction was evaluated in the presence of human tumor and non-tumor cells, and the cytotoxicity of the extract was determined on the RAW 264.7 macrophage line – both using the sulforhodamine B method. The phytochemical characterization indicated the presence of the flavonoids rutin and kaempferol. The extract and the methanol fraction exhibited moderate antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. glabrata, and strong activity against C. dubliniensis. In the biofilms at 24 and 48 hours, the concentration of 12500 µg/mL of the extract was the most effective at reducing the number of CFU s/mL (44.4% and 42.9%, respectively) and the metabolic activity of C. albicans cells (34.6% and 52%, respectively). The extract and its fractions had no antiproliferative effect on the tumor lines tested, with mean activity (log GI50) equal to or greater than 1.71 µg/mL. Macrophage cell viability remained higher than 80% for concentrations of the extract of up to 62.5 µg/mL. G. graciliflora has flavonoids in its chemical composition and demonstrates potential antifungal and antibiofilm activity, with no evidence of a significant change in the viability of human tumor and non-tumor cell lines.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0041 1721 downloads

12.

Optimization for producing biodiesel from ethanol and waste frying oil with a high concentration of ester
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Lobo, Bruna Beatriz

; da Costa, Adriana Elaine

; Klimeck Gouvêa, Carlos Alberto

; Andreazza, Janaina Karine

; Shamil Al-Rubaie, Kassim

Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia

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Jun 2016, Nº 79 Páginas 185 - 191

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Considerando que la transesterificación del aceite residual como resultado de la cocción de alimentos con la presencia de etanol no permite obtener biodiesel con concentración de etil éster superior a 96,5%, esta investigación muestra cómo se optimizaron las condiciones de la reacción con la adición de ácido oxálico. Con la ayuda de un diseño factorial fueron estudiados los efectos de la relación molar de etanol y aceite, así como la concentración del catalizador hidróxido de sodio en la presencia de ácido oxálico como activador del carbonilo en la fase aceite. El aceite usado se deshidrató y se filtró. La reacción fue realizada mediante la agitación mecánica durante un período de dos horas a 70° C. Los datos fueron modelados mediante la aplicación de la metodología de superficie de respuesta, encontrando las condiciones óptimas de la reacción. El camino propuesto demostró ser factible para la producción de biodiesel a partir de etanol y aceite residual con contenido de éster dentro de la concentración especificada por EN 14103 (superior a 96,5%). La metodología de superficie de respuesta mostró las condiciones ideales con la relación molar etanol:aceite de 6:1 y contenido de hidróxido de sodio de 1% respecto a la masa del aceite.

The usual transesterification of waste frying oil with ethanol does not give final concentration of biodiesel above 96.5%. The aim of this paper is to optimize the reaction conditions using ethanedioic acid as an activator of the carbonyl glyceryl ester. With the aid of a factorial design, the effects of the molar ratio of ethanol and oil, as well as the concentration of the catalyst sodium hydroxide were evaluated. The oil used was dehydrated and filtered, and the reactants submitted to mechanical stirring for two hours at 70° C. The data have been modeled by applying the response surface methodology, for the optimal reaction conditions. As results, the presence of ethanedioic acid drives transesterification from waste frying oil giving biodiesel with ester content over 96.5%. The response surface methodology gave the optimum conditions for the production of ethyl esters at molar ratio ethanol:oil of 6:1 and sodium hydroxide content of 1% relative to the mass of oil.

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.n79a17 1392 downloads

13.

Comparative central effects of the aqueous leaf extract of two populations of Passiflora edulis
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Ayres, Adriana S.F.S.J.

; Araújo, Luana L.S. de

; Soares, Thaciane C.

; Costa, Geison M.

; Reginatto, Flávio H.

; Ramos, Freddy A.

; Castellanos, Leonardo

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Soares-Rachetti, Vanessa P.

; Zucolotto, Silvana M.

; Gavioli, Elaine C.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Out 2015, Volume 25 Nº 5 Páginas 499 - 505

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACTPassiflora edulis Sims, Passifloraceae, has been used in Brazilian traditional folk medicine to the treatment of anxiety and insomnia. P. edulis is commonly known for its economic interests in Brazil. This species exhibits significant variability in the fruit rind color, then two subpopulations has been described (P. edulis fo. flavicarpa O. Deg. (PEF); P. edulis fo. edulis (PEE)). This study compared phytochemical profile and biological actions of aqueous leaf extract of PEE and PEF. HPLC analysis showed marked distinct chromatograms to the P. edulisvarieties. However, in both extracts the major compounds observed were flavonoids C-glycosides. Behavioral studies showed that PEE (300 mg/kg, p.o.) and PEF (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced anxiety in the elevated plus maze test. PEE (300 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) and PEF (1000 mg/kg, p.o.) also induced antidepressant-like actions in the forced swimming test. PEE 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced distance moved, thus suggesting sedation. No alterations in sleeping time were observed with PEE and PEF extracts. In conclusion, despite the similarities between the biological actions observed for both P. edulis varieties, quite different phytochemical profile was herein reported. These data suggest that the anxiolytic and antidepressant actions are not due to a specific phytochemical component.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.06.007 1711 downloads

14.

Contribuições da pós-graduação na área da saúde para a formação profissional: relato de experiência
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Costa, Cristina Maria Maués da

; Chagas, Herleis Maria de Almeida

; Matsukura, Thelma Simões

; Vieira, Gislene Inoue

; Marqueze, Elaine C.

; López, Carolina Gutiérrez

; Ghelardi, Isis Raquel

; Lefèvre, Ana

; Lefèvre, Fernando

Saúde e Sociedade

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Dez 2014, Volume 23 Nº 4 Páginas 1471 - 1481

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este artigo relata uma experiência de aprendizagem ocorrida durante uma disciplina de pós-graduação na Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, na qual os alunos puderam vivenciar a prática de uma estratégia metodológica de análise de discurso. Para tanto, um grupo de trabalho de alunos desenvolveu um projeto com o objetivo de identificar as expectativas de pós-graduandos acerca da contribuição do curso nas práticas profissionais. Realizou-se a coleta e análise dos discursos de 21 sujeitos. Foram apresentadas perguntas sobre o tema e as respostas foram coletadas com auxílio do software QLQT; elas foram analisadas manualmente segundo a estratégia metodológica do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Os resultados indicam que, de maneira geral, os sujeitos que cursam pós-graduação na área da saúde acreditam que ela influi positivamente em suas práticas profissionais.

This article reports a learning experience that took place during a graduate course discipline at the School of Public Health of the University of São Paulo, where students could make contact with the practice of a methodological discourse analysis strategy. To do this, a working group of students has developed a project aimed at identifying the expectations of graduate students with regard to the course contribution in professional practices. The collection and analysis of the discourse of 21 subjects were conducted. Two questions on the theme were proposed and the answers were collected by using the software QLQT; they were analyzed manually according to the methodological strategy of collective subject discourse. The results indicate that, generally, the subjects who attend a graduate course in the health field believe it influences positively on their professional practices.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902014000400028 6842 downloads

15.

Contribuições da pós-graduação na área da saúde para a formação profissional: relato de experiência
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Costa, Cristina Maria Maués da

; Chagas, Herleis Maria de Almeida

; Matsukura, Thelma Simões

; Vieira, Gislene Inoue

; Marqueze, Elaine C.

; López, Carolina Gutiérrez

; Ghelardi, Isis Raquel

; Lefèvre, Ana

; Lefèvre, Fernando

Saúde e Sociedade

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Dez 2014, Volume 23 Nº 4 Páginas 1471 - 1481

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902014000400028 214 downloads

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