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ABSTRACT: Pullorum disease is described worldwide and is caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum). S. Pullorum infection is important in commercial poultry, provoking a systemic disease with high mortality rates. Its occurrence requires notification, and when it is diagnosed in commercial breeding flocks, its eradication is demanded. The aim of this study was to report a severe outbreak of Pullorum disease in young Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris), resulting in 100% mortality of keets (n=290) within the first two weeks of age. All examined keets had enlarged liver, kidneys and spleen (5/5), and the affected tissues were submitted to histological and bacteriological examination. On histopathology, random paratyphoid nodules characterized by areas of necrosis with fibrin and a moderate infiltrate of macrophages and heterophils were observed in the liver. In kidneys, discrete areas of necrosis associated with moderate multifocal infiltrates of lymphocytes, and plasma cells were observed. In the spleen, a moderate infiltrate of macrophages was noticed. Isolation of colonies suggestive of S. Pullorum from liver and spleen was performed in selective agars and, after biochemical tests, confirmed by specific duplex-PCR. The antimicrobial susceptibility test of the isolated strain revealed resistance to only sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim among the tested antimicrobials. The S. Pullorum isolate recovered in the present study was highly pathogenic to N. meleagris and may represent a risk to other avian species, including industrial poultry.

RESUMO: A pulorose é descrita mundialmente e é causada por Salmonella enterica subespécie enterica sorovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum). A infecção por S. Pullorum é importante em aves comerciais, provocando doença sistêmica com altas taxas de mortalidade. Sua ocorrência requer notificação e quando diagnosticada em aves de criação comercial resulta na erradicação do plantel. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um surto grave de pulorose em filhotes de galinhas-d’Angola (Numida meleagris), resultando em 100% de mortalidade das aves (n=290) nas primeiras duas semanas de idade. Os pintinhos recebidos tinham hepato, espleno e nefromegalia (5/5). Os tecidos dos cinco indivíduos recebidos foram submetidos a exame histológico e bacteriológico. Na histopatologia, foram observados nódulos paratifoides aleatórios caracterizados por áreas de necrose com fibrina e infiltrado moderado de macrófagos e heterófilos no fígado. Nos rins, foram observadas áreas discretas de necrose associadas a infiltrados multifocais moderados de linfócitos e plasmócitos. No baço, foi observado infiltrado moderado de macrófagos. O isolamento de colônias sugestivas de S. Pullorum de fígados e baços foi realizado em ágares seletivos e, após testes bioquímicos, confirmado por duplex-PCR específico. A susceptibilidade antimicrobiana da cepa isolada revelou resistência apenas ao sulfametoxazol + trimetoprim entre os antimicrobianos testados. O isolado de S. Pullorum recuperado no presente estudo foi altamente patogênico para N. meleagris e pode representar um risco para outras espécies de aves, incluindo aves industriais.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7088

Deep sea ecosystem exploration and ‘health check’: sampling strategy and methods applied during the iAtlantic_BR10_Petrobras cruise in the Santos Basin, Southwest Atlantic
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Perez, Jose Angel A.

; Barros Neto, Halésio M.C. de

; Arantes, Renata C.M.

; Gaurisas, Daniela Y.

; Silva, Camila F.

; Alves, Fernanda Maria M.

; Costa, Júlia A.

; Eloi, Paula D.C.

; Fonseca, Thayse S.

; Gavazzoni, Lucas

; Lonskis, Isabella da S.

; Nardi, Ricardo U.

; Nascimento, Pedro O.

; Rodrigues, João Vitor M.

; Santos, Ana Lara F. dos

; Santos, Edson C. dos

; Schroeder, Rafael

; Silva, Luis Carlos da

; Souza, Fernanda dos S.S. de

; Bernardino, Ângelo F.

; Cavalcanti, Guarani H.

; Lindner, Alberto

; Mahiques, Michel M. de

; Millo, Christian

; Reis, Priscila

; Sweetman, Andrew K.

; Roberts, J. Murray

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23046

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The iAtlantic Project has established an international collaborative strategy to improve mapping and characterization of deep and open ocean ecosystems in understudied regions of the Atlantic and evaluate their health. In December 2022, the first iAtlantic expedition in the South Atlantic set off to map and explore seafloor ecosystems in the Santos Basin slope (200-1,000 m depths) in collaboration with the Petrobras ‘Santos Basin - Regional Characterization Project.’ The 17-day ‘iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras’ cruise was conducted on board the research vessel NPqHOc Vital de Oliveira (Brazilian Navy) and performed (a) water column structure characterization, (b) seafloor morphology mapping, (c) description of benthic habitats and communities by seafloor imagery and biological/ geological sampling, and (d) ex-situ experiments to assess the functioning of sedimentary ecosystems and their responses to climate-related environmental changes. This study describes the rationale behind the iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras cruise science plan, reports its sampling strategy and methods, and summarizes its collected data and preliminary results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23069jaap

DITERPENOS ENT-ABIETANOS DE Euphorbia phosphorea (EUPHORBIACEAE)
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Meireles, Roseana A. R.

; Abreu, Lucas S.

; Silva, Joanda Paolla R. e

; Cavalcanti, Andreza B. S.

; Menezes, Renata Priscila B. de

; Rodrigues, Gabriela Cristina S.

; Rodrigues Junior, Valnês S.

; Melo, José Iranildo M. de

; Kato, Massuo Jorge

; Costa, Vicente Carlos de O.

; Scotti, Marcus Tullius

; Tavares, Josean F.

Química Nova

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Set 2022, Volume 45 Nº 9 Páginas 1092 - 1097

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

Phytochemical study of the roots of Euphorbia phosphorea Mart. (Euphorbiaceae) was carried out through chromatographic techniques, resulting in the isolation of a new ent-abietane diterpene named 11β,12β-dihydroxy-ent-abieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12α-olide (1), and of nine known ent-abietane diterpenes jolkinolide A (2), jolkinolide E (3), euphorin H (4), euphopilolide (5) jolkinolide F (6), ent-12-hydroxy-12[R]-abieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12-olide (7), ent-11α-hydroxyabieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12α-olide (8), 17-hydroxyjolkinolide B (9) and caudicifolin (10). The structures of all compounds were established using spectroscopic techniques such as 1D and 2D NMR, and the structure of the compound 1 was established also with MS, IR and ECD. All compounds were submitted to an in silico study through of a predictive model and then submitted to in vitro tests against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. smegmatis for evaluation of their antimycobacterial activity. Compounds 5 and 9 showed mycobacterial growth inhibition with MIC values of 62.5 μM against M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170932

Diacetate Naphthoquinone Derivatives Tethered to 1,2,3-Triazoles: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation in Caco-2 Cells
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Costa, Dora C. S.

; Francisco, Adriane S.

; Matuck, Beatriz V. A.

; Furtado, Priscila S.

; Oliveira, Alana A. S. C. de

; Rabelo, Vitor W.-H.

; Sathler, Plínio C.

; Abreu, Paula A.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Silva, Luiz Cláudio R. P. da

; Silva, Fernando C. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2022, Volume 33 Nº 1 Páginas 48 - 59

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Acetylated compounds prepared from naphthoquinones have been reported as antitumoral prodrugs. Exploring the synthetic versatility of the naphthoquinone and triazolic nuclei, herein we report a simple and efficient synthetic route to prepare a series of sixteen prodrugs prototype of 1,2,3-triazoles-naphthoquinodoic acetyl derivatives. The compounds 10a-10h and 11a-11h were obtained by oxidative cycloaddition reaction between lawsone and 4-vinyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles promoted by ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in alkaline medium followed by reductive acetylation of the quinones in excess of metallic zinc and acetic anhydride in yields up to > 98%. All derivatives revealed to be hemocompatible and the compound 11e exhibited the most promising profile against Caco-2 cells showing the higher selectivity index. Molecular docking suggests that these compounds could exert their cytotoxic activity through inhibition of one topoisomerase II isoform, at least.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210123

Bat species diversity from Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a compilation of two decades of sampling
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Pires, Rayssa S.A.

; Soares, Gabriella

; Souza, Renan F.

; Teixeira, Tiago S.M.

; Monteiro-Alves, Priscila S.

; Lourenço, Elizabete C.

; Bergallo, Helena G.

; Costa, Luciana M.

; Santori, Ricardo T.

; Esbérard, Carlos E.L.

; Moratelli, Ricardo

; Novaes, Roberto L.M.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2022, Volume 39 elocation e22032

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu (REGUA) is a private, protected area inside a remnant of the Atlantic Forest with high biodiversity. Although the bats of the reserve have been sampled for more than two decades, few studies have been published about them. Based on a compilation of data from several surveys, we present an updated list of the bat species there and compare it with surveys from other locations in the Atlantic Forest. From August 1998 to September 2021, at least 194 sampling nights were carried out at REGUA by different research groups from various institutions, totaling 448,092 m2.h of sampling. A total of 4,069 individuals were captured, belonging to 47 species and six families. Additionally, our results indicate that it is possible that some species that occur at REGUA have not been recorded yet. REGUA has the greatest number of bat species known for the Atlantic Forest. This most likely results from the fact that the reserve includes large areas of mature, continuous forest connected with other protected areas in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Another factor contributing to the high diversity of bat species at REGUA is that the area has been intensely sampled for many years. Given that the bat assemblage there appears to be a good proxy to ascertain the ecological patterns of biodiversity in well-preserved forests, we consider REGUA to be an important area for long-term ecological research. The basic knowledge about the ecological interactions of bats with different food resources and zoonotic microorganisms offers a unique opportunity to carry out research in several areas of knowledge, making it possible to address questions about bat assemblage structure, bat-parasite ecology, competition, niche partitioning, and other related studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v39.e22032

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Dez 2021, Volume 36 Nº 6 Páginas 725 - 735

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

Why we shouldn’t blame women for gender disparity in academia: perspectives of women in zoology
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Slobodian, Veronica

; Soares, Karla D.A.

; Falaschi, Rafaela L.

; Prado, Laura R.

; Camelier, Priscila

; Guedes, Thaís B.

; Leal, Laura C.

; Hsiou, Annie S.

; Del-Rio, Glaucia

; Costa, Eliza R.

; Pereira, Karla R.C.

; D’Angiolella, Annelise B.

; Sousa, Shirliane de A.

; Diele-Viegas, Luisa M.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2021, Volume 38 elocation e61968

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The following letter, from a network of women zoologists, is a reply to the article of AlShebli et al. (2020), which suggests that female protégés reap more benefits when mentored by men and concludes that female mentors hinder the success of their female protégés and the quality of their impact. This contribution has two parts. First, we highlight the most relevant methodological flaws which, in our opinion, may have impacted the conclusions of AlShebli et al. (2020). Second, we discuss issues pertaining to women in science, bring a perspective of Women in Zoology and discuss how current diversity policies are positively changing our field.

https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.38.e61968 477 downloads

Impact of Vacuum-Assisted Venous Drainage on Forward Flow in Simulated Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass Circuits Utilizing a Centrifugal Arterial Pump Head
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Guimarães, Daniel Peres

; Caneo, Luiz Fernando

; Matte, Gregory

; Carletto, Luciana P.

; Policarpo, Valéria Camargo

; Castro, Ana Vitória C. X.

; Miranda, Matheus H. C.

; Costa, Priscila S.

; Jatene, Marcelo B.

; Cestari, Idagene

; Jatene, Fabio B.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Abr 2020, Volume 35 Nº 2 Páginas 134 - 140

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To analyze the impact of vacuum-assisted venous drainage (VAVD) on arterial pump flow in a simulated pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass circuit utilizing a centrifugal pump (CP) with an external arterial filter. Methods: The simulation circuit consisted of a Quadrox-I Pediatric oxygenator, a Rotaflow CP (Maquet Cardiopulmonary AG, Rastatt, Germany), and a custom pediatric tubing set primed with Lactated Ringer's solution and packed red blood cells. Venous line pressure, reservoir pressure, and arterial flow were measured with VAVD turned off to record baseline values. Four other conditions were tested with progressively higher vacuum pressures (-20, -40, -60, and -80 mmHg) applied to the baseline cardiotomy pressure. An arterial filter was placed into the circuit and arterial flow was measured with the purge line in both open and closed positions. These trials were repeated at set arterial flow rates of 1500, 2000, and 2500 mL/min. Results: The use of progressively higher vacuum caused a reduction in effective arterial flow from 1490±0.00 to 590±0.00, from 2020±0.01 to 1220±0.00, and from 2490±0.0 to 1830±0.01 mL/min. Effective forward flow decreased with increased levels of VAVD. Conclusion: The use of VAVD reduces arterial flow when a CP is used as the main arterial pump. The reduction in the forward arterial flow increases as the vacuum level increases. The loss of forward flow is further reduced when the arterial filter purge line is kept in the recommended open position. An independent flow probe is essential to monitor pump flow during cardiopulmonary bypass.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2019-0311 402 downloads

ANALYSIS OF ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY CONDITIONS BASED ON R&D PROJECTS
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CRESPI, TATIANE B.

; COSTA, PRISCILA R.

; PREUSLER, TAÍSA S.

; RUAS, ROBERTO L.

RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie

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2020, Volume 21 Nº 5 elocation eRAMR200041

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Adotaram-se, neste estudo, a noção de capacidade absortiva (CA) e suas configurações como referência, com o objetivo geral de compreender o estágio de desenvolvimento dos processos e das rotinas de aquisição, transformação e aplicação do conhecimento, considerando o contexto de uma empresa pública de pesquisa. Originalidade/valor: Um dos fatores mobilizadores do setor agropecuário no Brasil tem sido a geração de novos produtos e processos. Nesse movimento, a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) tem assumido um papel de protagonista, especialmente na absorção, internalização e geração de conhecimentos e inovações agropecuárias, envolvendo nesses processos suas unidades descentralizadas e parceiros científicos e tecnológicos, por meio de projetos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D). Identificar e sistematizar as formas e configurações mais efetivas nos processos e nas rotinas associados à dinâmica de apropriação de conhecimento, em um ambiente diverso e dinâmico como o da Embrapa, são ações desafiadoras para os estudiosos do tema. Contudo, estudos recentes têm destacado a difusão crescente do debate acerca do construto CA. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Com esse intuito, foi realizado um estudo de caso que considera a Embrapa e três projetos de P&D, os quais apresentam evidências de alianças intraorganizacionais e interorganizacionais, bem como importantes inovações como resultado. Resultados: A principal contribuição foi verificar a presença, em empresa pública de pesquisa, de rotinas e processos semelhantes àqueles observados nas configurações de CA analisados na literatura, além de afirmar a consolidação de rotinas e processos de absorção de conhecimento nos níveis intraorganizacional e interorganizacional.

ABSTRACT Purpose: In this study, the notion of absorptive capacity (AC) and its configurations were adopted as a reference with the general goal of understanding the development stage of processes and routines of the acquisition, transformation and application of knowledge in the context of a public research company. Originality/value: One of the mobilizing factors in the agricultural sector in Brazil is the generation of new products and processes. In this case, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Agency (Embrapa) has played a role, especially in the absorption, internalization and generation of agricultural knowledge and innovations. In its processes, it involves its decentralized units and scientific and technological partners through research and development (R&D) processes. Identifying and systematizing the most effective forms and configurations in processes and routines associated with the dynamic of knowledge appropriation in a diverse and dynamic environment such as Embrapa constitutes a major challenge for scholars. However, recent studies have highlighted the growing diffusion of the debate on the AC construct. Design/methodology/approach: For this purpose, a case study was conducted involving Embrapa and three of its R&D projects. The study found evidence of intra-organizational and interorganizational alliances, as well as resulting important innovations. Findings: The principal contribution was identifying, in a public research company, the presence of routines and processes similar to those observed in the configurations of AC analyzed in the literature and the consolidation of routines and processes of knowledge absorption at the intra-organizational and interorganizational levels.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6971/eramr200041 1661 downloads

10.

Association of Epialtus brasiliensis Dana, 1852 (Brachyura, Majoidea) with different species of seaweed
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Granado, Priscila

; De Grande, Fernando Rafael

; Costa, Tânia Marcia

Nauplius

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2020, Volume 28 elocation e2020004

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Seaweed aggregates form secondary substrates on rocky shores, providing habitats for phytal organisms such as the spider crab Epialtus brasiliensis Dana, 1852. This species is one of the most abundant macroinvertebrate component from seaweed communities. Although the literature suggests that E. brasiliensis lives in many species of seaweed, their density has only been reported in communities of Sargassum spp. This study assessed the density of the spider crab E. brasiliensis associated with the seaweed Sargassum cymosum Agardh, 1820, Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) Lamouroux and Acanthophora spicifera (Vahl) Borgesen. We expected to observe a higher density of E. brasiliensis in S. cymosum, which shows greater morphological complexity, followed by H. musciformis, with intermediate complexity, and then by A. spicifera, with low complexity. We found that the density of these crabs can be as abundant in H. musciformis as has been previously reported for S. cymosum, but in both species, the density was higher than in A. spicifera. Overall, our findings improve the knowledge of the phytal habitats used by E. brasiliensis in rocky shore environments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2020004 941 downloads

11.

Diagnostic fingerprints ISSR/SSR for tropical leguminous species Stylosanthes capitata and Stylosanthes macrocephala
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Alzate-Marin, Ana Lilia

; Costa-Silva, Carolina

; Rivas, Priscila Marlys Sá

; Bonifacio-Anacleto, Fernando

; Santos, Leticia Gobett

; Moraes Filho, Rômulo Maciel de

; Martinez, Carlos Alberto

Scientia Agricola

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2020, Volume 77 Nº 3 elocation e20180252

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Stylosanthes capitata Vogel and Stylosanthes macrocephala M.B.Ferreira & Sousa Costa are two forage leguminous species of agronomic importance for animal husbandry in tropical environments. The physical mixture of both species (80 % S. capitata and 20 % S. macrocephala) comprises the commercial cultivar “Estilosantes Campo Grande”. However, proximity of fields for seed production may contaminate seed lots, compromising seeds quality. The combined use of dominant and co-dominant molecular markers is an appropriate strategy to certificate genetic purity and perform diversity studies of cultivars. In this research, a set of ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat polymorphic DNA) and SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat polymorphic DNA) molecular markers were standardized to characterize S. capitata and S. macrocephala species and evaluate the genetic purity of commercial samples. Four ISSR markers (UBC 2, 864, 885, 886) and SSR marker SC18-01 G4B showed precise species-specific electrophoretic fingerprints for both species. Electrophoretic patterns of ISSR molecular markers should be displayed first to confirm the sample identification. The structure analysis showed that the less contaminated sample was S. capitata with 97 % of its genetic composition assigned to a single genetic cluster vs. 95 % for S. macrocephala. S. capitata has greater genetic diversity (ISSRHe:0.292; SSRHe:0.57) than S. macrocephala (ISSRHe:0.285; SSRHe:0.16); however, this difference was only significant with SSR molecular markers. As these genetic resources have considerable ecological, agronomic and economic importance, tools for accurate species identification and genetic studies are essential for further seed multiplication, as well as for improvement and conservation of cultivars.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2018-0252 1508 downloads

12.

Virtual screening of secondary metabolites of the genus Solanum with potential antimicrobial activity
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Barros, Renata Priscila Costa

; Cunha, Emidio Vasconcelos Leitão da

; Catão, Raïssa Mayer Ramalho

; Scotti, Luciana

; Souza, Maria Sallett Rocha

; Brás, Amanda Amona Queiroz

; Scotti, Marcus Tullius

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Dez 2018, Volume 28 Nº 6 Páginas 686 - 691

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Infectious diseases are a health problem today and have high mortality rates with a wide diversity of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Research that is based either on the search for new drugs from plants or on the improvement of phytotherapeutics is prominent and continues to play an important role nowadays. From this perspective, use of in silico studies to carry out investigations of new molecules potentially active for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using an in-house database with 421 different secondary metabolites selected from the literature from Solanum genus was performed. We also realized an in vitro study with strains of S. aureus and E. coli and compared the results. Two databases from ChEMBL were selected, the first one with activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and another against E. coli. The compounds were classified according to the pIC50 values to generate and validate the model using a "Random Forest". The "Random Forest" prediction model for methicillin-resistant S. aureus obtained an accuracy of 81%, area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve of 0.885, selecting eight molecules with an active potential above 60%. The prediction model for E. coli obtained an accuracy rate of 88%, area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve of 0.932, selecting four molecules with potential probability above 84%. Rutin proved to be potentially active in the in silico study for S. aureus and E. coli. Microbiological tests have shown that rutin has activity only for E. coli. An interaction study with strains of S. aureus ATCC 25923, a standard strain sensitive to all antibiotics, and SAM-01, a multidrug-resistant strain, was designed. There was interaction only between rutin and oxacillin, one of the three antibiotics studied in the interaction, for the strain SAM-01, reducing the resistance of this strain.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.08.003 612 downloads

13.

Molecular association of pathogenicity and resistance to multiple antimicrobials in Acinetobacter baumannii strains recovered from patients with diverse infectious diseases
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França, Rafaela O.

; Costa, Priscila S.

; Milanez, Guilherme Luiz

; Bomfim, Maria Rosa Q.

; Gonçalves, Ricardo

; Farias, Luiz M.

; Nobre, Vandack

; Santos, Simone G.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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Out 2018, Volume 54 Nº 5 Páginas 288 - 295

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: O sucesso das infecções por Acinetobacter baumannii pode ser atribuído a seus vários fatores de virulência e a mecanismos de resistência a antimicrobianos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a presença e a correlação entre diferentes fatores de resistência e virulência em amostras clínicas de A. baumannii. MÉTODOS: Estudo conduzido em um hospital universitário em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A confirmação do complexo Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus foi realizada pela detecção do gene blaOXA-51, por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), assim como a pesquisa dos genes: blaOXA-23, 24, 58, 143, blaVIM-1, csuE, ompA e ISAba1. Os antimicrobianos e a expressão das metalobetalactamases (MβL) foram avaliados pelo E-test®; e a diversidade genética, por enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR. A formação de biofilme foi classificada em quatro categorias de acordo com a média da densidade ótica obtida. RESULTADOS: Do total de amostras, 98, 4% (61/62) foram resistentes ao meropenem; 71%, a ceftazidime; e 61, 3%, a ampicilina-sulbactam; enquanto 98, 4% foram sensíveis a polimixina B; e 48, 4%, a tigeciclina. A produção de MβL foi detectada em 95, 2% das amostras. O gene blaOXA-51 foi detectado em todas as amostras testadas; blaVIM-1, em 83, 9%; e ISAba1, em 90, 3%. Por outro lado, os genes csuE e ompA estiveram presentes em 43, 5% e 53, 2% das amostras, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Houve uma possível correlação entre as amostras resistentes a gentamicina e aquelas positivas para o gene ompA. O gene csuE correlacionou-se positivamente com ISAba1.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The success of Acinetobacter baumannii infections can be attributed to its various virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence and correlation between different resistance and virulence factors in clinical A. baumannii strains. METHODS: Study conducted at a University Hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The confirmation of Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex was performed by detecting the blaOXA-51 gene through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as the search for genes: blaOXA-23, 24, 58, 143, blaVIM-1, csuE, ompA and ISAba1. Antimicrobials and metallo-betalactamase (MβL) expression were evaluated by E-test®; and genetic diversity, by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR. Biofilm formation was classified into four categories according to the mean optical density obtained. RESULTS: 98.4% (61/62) of the strains were resistant to meropenem; 71%, to ceftazidime; and 61.3%, to ampicillin-sulbactam; while 98.4% were sensitive to polymyxin B; and 48.4%, to tigecycline. The production of MβL was detected in 95.2% of the strains. The blaOXA-51 gene was detected in all strains tested; blaVIM-1, in 83.9%; and ISAba1, in 90.3%. On the other hand, the csuE and ompA genes were present in 43.5% and 53.2% of the strains, respectively. CONCLUSION: There was a possible correlation between gentamicin resistant samples and those that were positive for the ompA gene. The csuE gene correlated positively with ISAba1.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20180049 1112 downloads

14.

Sporotrichosis: an update on epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, laboratory and clinical therapeutics
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Orofino-Costa, Rosane

; Macedo, Priscila Marques de

; Rodrigues, Anderson Messias

; Bernardes-Engemann, Andréa Reis

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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Out 2017, Volume 92 Nº 5 Páginas 606 - 620

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: In the late 90's there was a change in both the route of transmission and the people at risk for sporotrichosis. This zoonotic cat-man alternative transmission route elicited changes in strategies to control the epidemic. There was a progressive increase in the number of cases involving especially children and the elderly. In addition to becoming hyperendemic, uncommon clinical pictures like immunoreactive clinical presentations or severe systemic cases have emerged. New species were identified and classified through molecular tools using more virulent clinical isolates, like S. brasiliensis, compared to the environmental isolates. Likewise, different species of Sporothrix have been associated with different geographic regions. The serological and molecular techniques are used as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis and/or for species identification, although the isolation and the identification of Sporothrix spp. in clinical specimen is still the gold standard. Currently sporotrichosis epidemics requires the knowledge of the epidemiological-molecular profile to control the disease and the specific treatment. Itraconazole, potassium iodide, terfinafine, and amphotericin B are the available drugs in Brazil to treat sporotrichosis. The drug of choice, its posology, and treatment duration vary according to the clinical presentation, the Sporothrix species, and host immune status. New treatment choices, including a vaccine, are being developed; nevertheless, more clinical trials are required to confirm its efficacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.2017279 11665 downloads

15.

Fontes de obtenção de medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes no Brasil: resultados de inquérito telefônico nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal, 2011
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Costa, Karen Sarmento

; Francisco, Priscila Maria S. Bergamo

; Malta, Débora Carvalho

; Barros, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 32 Nº 2 elocation e00090014

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Analisar as diferenças entre diabéticos e hipertensos em relação ao tratamento medicamentoso e suas fontes de obtenção. Trata-se de estudo transversal com dados do VIGITEL, realizado em 2011 nas capitais brasileiras. Cerca de 72% dos 15.027 hipertensos e 78,2% dos 4.083 diabéticos estavam em tratamento medicamentoso; 45,8% dos hipertensos obtiveram medicamento nas unidades de saúde públicas, 15,9% no Farmácia Popular e 38,3% em drogarias/farmácias e outras fontes. Entre os diabéticos, encontrou-se 54,4%; 16,2%; e 29,4%, respectivamente. Nas unidades de saúde os percentuais foram mais elevados entre os menos escolarizados, cor de pele preta ou parda e sem plano privado de saúde, e as prevalências de obtenção na Farmácia Popular, drogarias/farmácias e outras fontes foram mais elevadas entre os mais escolarizados, cor de pele branca e com plano privado. O acesso às diferentes fontes de medicamentos apresentou disparidades entre as regiões e capitais brasileiras e entre os segmentos sociais da população.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze differences between patients with diabetes and hypertension in drug treatment and their sources for obtaining medication. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the VIGITEL telephone survey in 2011 in Brazil’s state capitals and Federal District. Some 72% of the 15,027 hypertensive patients and 78.2% of the 4,083 diabetics were on medication; 45.8% of the hypertensive patients obtained their medications from public health units, 15.9% from the Popular Pharmacy program, and 38.3% from drugstores, pharmacies, and other sources. The rates among diabetics were 54.4%, 16.2%, and 29.4%, respectively. In the public health units the percentages were highest among individuals with less schooling, black or brown skin, and without private health plans, while the percentages in the Popular Pharmacy program and drugstores/pharmacies and other sources were higher among individuals with more schooling, white skin, and private health plans. Access to different sources of medicines showed disparities between Brazil’s regions and state capitals and between social segments of the population.

Resumen Analizar las diferencias entre los diabéticos e hipertensos, en relación con el tratamiento farmacológico y sus fuentes de obtención. Se trata de un estudio transversal con datos de VIGITEL del 2011 en capitales brasileñas. Cerca del 72% de los 15.027 hipertensos y el 78,2% de los 4.083 diabéticos estaban en tratamiento; un 45,8% de los pacientes hipertensos contaba con la medicación en las unidades de salud; 15,9% en farmacias populares; y un 38,3% en farmacias y otras fuentes y entre los diabéticos, 54,4%; 16,2%; y 29,4%, respectivamente. En las unidades de salud los porcentajes fueron más altos entre los menos educados, color de piel negro/mulato y sin plan de salud, mientras que la obtención en Farmacia Popular y otras fuentes fueron más altas entre los más educados, de piel blanca y con el plan privado. El acceso a diferentes fuentes de obtención mostró diferencias entre las regiones y las capitales brasileñas y segmentos sociales de la población.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00090014 3868 downloads

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