ABSTRACT Managing electrical conductivity levels is one of the fundamentals required to obtain greater production and better quality of vegetables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution on the kohlrabi crop cultivated in semi-hydroponic system. A randomized block design was used with five treatments associated with the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (1.31, 1.71, 2.37, 2.98, and 3.75 dS m-1) and four replications. The plants were harvested 78 days after transplanting and evaluated for growth, production, and postharvest quality. Nutrient solution with electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.31 dS m-1 promotes greater production of purple kohlrabi. The increase in EC reduced linearly most of the analyzed variables (leaf area, fresh mass of leaves, bulb and shoot, dry mass of leaves and total, bulb volume and firmness), with more significant losses for the bulb fresh mass (50.54%) and bulb volume (57.37%) variables. The use of nutrient solution with EC between 2.3 and 2.9 dS m-1 increased the vitamin C content and the titratable acidity.

RESUMO O manejo dos níveis de condutividade elétrica é um dos fundamentos necessários para se obter maior produção e melhor qualidade de hortaliças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva na cultura da couve-rábano cultivada em sistema semi-hidropônico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos associados à condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva (1,31; 1,71; 2,37; 2,98 e 3,75 dS m-1) e quatro repetições. As plantas foram colhidas 78 dias após o transplante e avaliadas quanto ao crescimento, produção e qualidade pós-colheita. Solução nutritiva com condutividade elétrica (CE) de 1,31 dS m-1 proporciona maior produção de couve-rábano roxa. O aumento da CE reduziu linearmente a maioria das variáveis analisadas (área foliar, massa fresca de folhas, bulbos e parte aérea, massa seca de folhas e totais, volume e firmeza de bulbos), com perdas mais expressivas para as variáveis massa fresca de bulbos (50,54%) e volume de bulbos (57,37%). A utilização de solução nutritiva com CE entre 2,3 e 2,9 dS m-1 aumentou o teor de vitamina C e a acidez titulável.

ABSTRACT Lettuce is a leafy vegetable sensitive to salinity, and under saline stress conditions it presents nutritional imbalance, mainly in calcium absorption. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of enriching the nutrient solution with calcium nitrate in solutions prepared with saline water in the lettuce crop. A completely randomized design was used, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments were represented by five nutrient solutions [S1 - standard nutrient solution (SNP); S2 - SNP + NaCl (3.5 dS m-1); S3 - S2 + Ca (NO3)2 (50% = 6.86 mmol L-1); S4 - S2 + Ca(NO3)2 (100% = 9.15 mmol L-1); S5 - S2 + Ca(NO3)2 (150% = 11.43 mmol L-1)] in lettuce from the curly group, cv. Elba. After preparing the nutrient solutions, the solutions had the following electrical conductivities: 1.8 (S1); 4.8 (S2); 5.4 (S3); 6.0 (S4); 6.6 (S5) dS m-1. Variables of growth, nutrition and postharvest quality of lettuce were evaluated. With the exception of stem diameter, number of total leaves, plant pH and vitamin C content, the other variables were affected by the extra addition of Ca(NO3)2 in the nutrient solutions. The lettuce cv Elba grown in coconut fiber is tolerant to the salinity of 4.8 dS m-1 (S2). In conditions where the use of saline water with 3.5 dS m-1 for the preparation of the nutrient solution is unavoidable, the use of extra doses of Ca(NO3)2 in the lettuce crop is not recommended.

RESUMO A alface é uma hortaliça folhosa sensível à salinidade, e em condições de estresse salino apresenta crescimento reduzido e desequilíbrio nutricional, principalmente na absorção de cálcio. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do enriquecimento da solução nutritiva com nitrato de cálcio em soluções preparadas com água salina na cultura da alface. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram representados por cinco soluções nutritivas [S1 - solução nutritiva padrão (SNP); S2 - SNP + NaCl (3,5 dS m-1); S3 - S2 + Ca(NO3)2 (50% = 6,86 mmol L-1); S4 - S2 + Ca(NO3)2 (100% = 9,15 mmol L-1); S5 - S2 + Ca (NO3)2 (150% = 11,43 mmol L-1)] em alface do grupo crespa, cv. Elba. Após o preparo das soluções nutritivas, as soluções apresentaram as seguintes condutividades elétricas: 1,8 (S1); 4,8 (S2); 5,4 (S3); 6,0 (S4); 6,6 (S5) dS m-1. Foram avaliadas variáveis de crescimento, nutrição e qualidade pós-colheita da alface. Com exceção do diâmetro do caule, número de folhas totais, pH da planta e teor de vitamina C, as demais variáveis foram afetadas pela adição extra de Ca(NO3)2 nas soluções nutritivas. A alface cv. Elba cultivada em fibra de coco é tolerante à salinidade de 4,8 dS m-1 (S2). Em condições onde o uso de água salina com 3,5 dS m-1 para o preparo da solução nutritiva é inevitável, não é recomendado o uso de doses extras de Ca(NO3)2 na cultura da alface.

ABSTRACT Soil management systems, including tillage and green manuring, are important for the control of nematodes and for the sustainable production. The objective was to select, through multivariate analysis, sustainable agroecosystems for yellow melon cultivated under irrigated conditions in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The long-term experiment is set up in Argissolo Vermelho- Amarelo (Ultisol) with six multifunctional agroecosystems, composed of the combination of three mixtures of cover crops (1 - 75% legumes + 25% grasses and oilseeds; 2 - 25% legumes + 75% grasses and oilseeds and 3 - spontaneous vegetation) and two types of soil management (no tillage-NT and tillage-T). The purpose was to evaluate the nutritional status of plants, soil fertility, nematode population in roots and soil, and the yield. Data were analyzed with multivariate techniques, allowing the grouping of the agroecosystems based on their similarities and complexity of functions. The incorporation of plant residues to the soil reduces nematode population, but their maintenance on the surface allows the improvement of fertility and yield, even under larger nematode populations. The agroecosystems that associate the nonincorporation of residues from cover crops with larger species diversity in composition constitute the most complex model, allowing different environmental functionalities. Thus, it is recommended not to incorporate the plant residues, planting the melon seedlings directly in the straw. However, considering that the results obtained with the non-incorporation of spontaneous vegetation were similar to those obtained with the incorporation of commercial cover crops, it is concluded that this practice is also viable and adapted to the semi-arid conditions.

RESUMO Sistemas de manejo de solos, incluindo revolvimento e adubação verde, são importantes para o controle de nematoides e para a produção sustentável. Objetivou-se selecionar, por meio da análise multivariada, agroecossistemas sustentáveis para cultivo irrigado de melão amarelo no Semiárido brasileiro. As avaliações ocorreram num experimento de longa duração, com seis agroecossistemas multifuncionais, compostos pela combinação de três misturas de plantas de cobertura (1 - 75% leguminosas + 25% gramíneas e oleaginosas; 2 - 25% leguminosas + 75% gramíneas e oleaginosas e 3 - vegetação espontânea) e dois tipos de manejo do solo (sem e com revolvimento). Avaliaram-se o estado nutricional das plantas, a fertilidade do solo, as populações de nematoides nas raízes e no solo e a produtividade da cultura. Os dados foram submetidos às técnicas de análises multivariadas, permitindo agrupar os agroecossistemas por semelhanças e complexidade das suas funções. A incorporação dos resíduos vegetais ao solo reduz a população de nematoides, mas sua manutenção na superfície permite melhorar a fertilidade e alcançar boas produtividades, mesmo sob maior população de nematoides. Os agroecossistemas que associam o não revolvimento dos resíduos vegetais das plantas de cobertura com maior diversidade de espécies na composição é o modelo considerado mais complexo, permitindo diferentes funcionalidades ambientais. Assim, recomenda-se não incorporar os resíduos vegetais, transplantando as mudas de meloeiro diretamente sobre a palhada. No entanto, considerando que os resultados obtidos com a não incorporação da vegetação espontânea foram semelhantes à incorporação das plantas de cobertura comerciais, conclui-se que esta prática também é viável e adaptada às condições semiáridas.

Pectis brevipedunculata is native species and widely available in dry and semi-arid ecosystems showing high biotechnological potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the circadian and seasonal chemical variation of the essential oil (EO) of P. brevipedunculata, as well as its acaricide effect on Rhipicephalus microplus larvae. Aerial parts were collected and submitted to the hydrodistillation process, and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For the assays with R. microplus, the larval immersion test was performed. The main constituents were citral (75% of the EO), followed by α-pinene and limonene. In the seasonality analysis, the highest yields were in the months of April (2.08%) and August (2.05%), while in the study of circadian rhythm, the percentage was 2.0% at 6 p.m. in the rainy season, and 1.2%, dry season at 6 p.m. Concerning acaricidal activity (50% lethal concentration (LC50)), the April (1.17 mg mL-1), March (1.28 mg mL-1), June (1.37 mg mL-1), and October (1.27 mg mL-1) oils obtained were the most active and assays performed with circadian rhythm revealed in the rain season (April) at 6 p.m. and dry season (September) at 12 a.m. LC50 values of 1.75 and 1.75 mg mL-1, respectively. Additionally, this EO is selective to non-target organisms, i.e., ladybeetles and lacewing.

Abstract The incorporation of alternative materials in partial replacement of clinker is studied to reduce the CO2 emissions that occur in the production of Portland cement. The influence of using mesquite ash as an alternative filler in LC3 cement pastes was analyzed. The alkali content of the system was adjusted by washing the ash, thus reducing the potassium content. The filler was replaced at 0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% washed ash, and the same for unwashed ash. Subsulfation was corrected by adding an extra gypsum percentage. Paste performance was assessed by rheology and compressive strength, supported by hydration kinetics and microstructural development. Mesquite ash is a potential alternative filler for application in LC3. Washed ash makes the system purer, contributing to hydration and mechanical performance, however, natural ash also brings promising results.

Resumo A incorporação de materiais alternativos em substituição parcial ao clínquer é estudada afim de diminuir a emissão de CO2 que ocorre na produção do cimento Portland. Analisou-se a influência do uso da cinza de algaroba como fíler alternativo em pastas de cimento LC3. O teor de álcali do sistema foi ajustado lavando a cinza e, assim, reduzindo o teor de potássio. O fíler foi substituído em 0, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% de cinza lavada e o mesmo para cinza não lavada. A subsulfatação foi corrigida adicionando-se uma porcentagem de gesso extra. O desempenho da pasta foi avaliado pela reologia e resistência à compressão, sustentada pela cinética de hidratação e desenvolvimento microestrutural. A cinza de algaroba é um potencial fíler alternativo para aplicação em LC3. A cinza lavada torna o sistema mais puro, contribuindo na hidratação e desempenho mecânico, entretanto, a cinza natural também traz resultados promissores.

Abstract Porcelain is a ceramic tile used worldwide, especially for its technical and aesthetic properties. In this increasingly competitive sector, innovative products are continually developed to meet the market’s demands, such as glazed ceramic tiles with a matte surface, low surface gloss, and silky texture. In this research, a matte glaze for porcelain tiles with low surface brightness (9 to 14 UB) and silky texture was obtained. In particular, 16 formulations of ceramic glaze were studied, which were ground and applied to binil on a laboratory scale and then fired in an industrial kiln at 1192 °C for 45 min. The fired specimens were physically, chemically, thermally, and structurally characterized. The formulation that yielded the best results was tested on an industrial scale and technologically characterized. This formulation met the aesthetic (texture and gloss) and technological (resistance to staining, chemical attack, surface abrasion, and cracking) requirements of the Brazilian technical standard.

ABSTRACT Pyrrhulina brevis is an endemic fish from the Amazon basin that is valued in the ornamental fish market. In larviculture, fish are very sensitive to stressors and have a high mortality rate. Salinized water may provide more energy to overcome stress and feeding frequency is an important strategy to improve productive performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the best feeding frequency and the best level of water salinization for larval development of P. brevis. A total of 360 post-larvae of P. brevis (5.26 ± 1.65 mg, 5.57 ± 0.68 mm) were randomly distributed in 36 aquariums (1 L) in a 3x4 factorial scheme, to evaluate three concentrations of salt in water (0, 1 and 2 g L-1) and four feeding frequencies (once, twice, three and four times a day). We offered 150 Artemia nauplii per day and per post-larvae during 15 days. The fish kept at 1 g L-1 salinized water, and those fed 3 and 4 times a day presented significantly greater final length and weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate for length and weight. An interaction between salinized water and feeding frequency was observed for survival rate. We conclude that, during the initial rearing phase of P. brevis, feeding frequency of three times a day and salinized water at 1 g L-1 is recommended.

RESUMO Pyrrhulina brevis é um peixe endêmico da bacia amazônica que apresenta bons valores no mercado de peixes ornamentais. Na larvicultura, os peixes são muito sensíveis aos estressores e apresentam alta taxa de mortalidade. A água salinizada pode fornecer mais energia para superar o estresse e a frequência alimentar é uma estratégia importante para melhorar o desempenho produtivo. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a melhor frequência alimentar e o melhor nível de salinização da água para o desenvolvimento larval de P. brevis. Um total de 360 pós-larvas de P. brevis (5,26 ± 1,65 mg, 5,57 ± 0,68 mm) foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 36 aquários (1 L) em esquema fatorial 3x4, para avaliar três concentrações de sal na água (0, 1 e 2 g L-1) e quatro frequências de alimentação (uma, duas, três e quatro vezes ao dia). Foram oferecidas 150 náuplios de Artemia por dia e por pós-larva, durante 15 dias. Os peixes mantidos com 1 g L-1 de água salinizada e os alimentados 3 e 4 vezes ao dia apresentaram comprimento e peso finais, ganho de peso e taxa de crescimento específico para comprimento e peso significativamente maiores. Uma interação entre água salinizada e frequência alimentar foi observada para a taxa de sobrevivência. Concluímos que, durante a fase inicial de criação de P. brevis, recomenda-se uma frequência alimentar de três vezes ao dia e água salinizada a 1 g L-1.

Abstract Introduction Auditory-evoked potentials are influenced by several factors, including polarity, filter, stimulus intensity and stimulation rate. The presentation of higher rates of stimuli per second enables the collection of a greater number of responses in a given period of time, promoting a shorter testing time; however, the collected recordings are subject to changes related to wave morphology. Objectives To compare the brainstem auditory-evoked-potential responses with click stimulus with the most commonly used stimulation rates in the clinical practice. Methods The present cross-sectional analytical study was performed with fifteen participants of both genders and normal hearing thresholds. The brainstem auditoryevoked potential was performed at four different stimulation rates (21.1, 26.7, and 27.7 stimuli/s, and a rate determined based on a mathematical calculation using the a measurement of the transmission frequency of the power grid at the time of the examination). Results We observed that the rate of 21.1 stimuli/s showed the highest amplitudes for waves I, III, and V when compared with the other rates. The rate of 26.7 stimuli/s, when compared with 27.7 stimuli/s, showed a higher amplitude for wave V. The latency if wave V was significantly lower with the rate of 21.1 stimuli/s than with 27.7 stimuli/s. Conclusions The stimulation rate interferes with wave latencies and amplitudes; its decrease from 27.7 to 21.1 stimuli/s decreases the latency of wave V and increases the amplitues and improves the morphology of waves I, III and V. In addition, we found evidence that suggests an improvement in the visualization of wave III by adjusting the stimulation rate based on a measurement of the local transmission frequency of the power grid.

ABSTRACT In fruit species, the amount of solar energy absorbed can influence fruit quality; hence, ensuring optimal light distribution management in the canopy of plants is essential. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (i) to analyze the variations in gas exchange through the day and (ii) identify the photosynthetically active photon flux density (PPFD) that promotes higher chlorophyll fluorescence and electron transport rate in jaboticaba seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments consisting of 18 photosynthetic photon flux densities and three evaluations throughout the day. Six replicates were used, with two plants per plot. Gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence in P. peruviana were altered due to fluctuating photosynthetic photon flux density (0; 25; 50; 75; 100; 125; 150; 175; 200; 400; 600; 800; 1,000; 1,200; 1,400; 1,600; 1,800; and 2,000 μmol m-2 s-1) and environmental conditions throughout the day (8:00 a.m., 12:00 and 4:00 p.m.). The higher PPFD (1,384.6 μmol m-2 s-1) and air temperature (39.74 °C) at noon (12:00 p.m.) favored gas exchange in this species. An increase in PPFD of up to 1,000 μmol m-2 s-1 positively influenced the gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence of P. peruviana.

RESUMO Em espécies fruteiras, é essencial considerar o gerenciamento da distribuição da luz nas copas das plantas, pois a quantidade de energia solar absorvida pode influenciar na qualidade dos frutos. Diante disso, os objetivos deste estudo foram: (i) analisar as variações das trocas gasosas ao longo do dia; (ii) identificar a densidade de fluxo de fótons fotossinteticamente ativos (PPFD) que promove maior fluorescência da clorofila e maior taxa de transporte de elétrons em mudas de jaboticaba. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, sendo os tratamentos compostos por 18 densidades de fluxo de fótons fotossinteticamente ativos (0; 25; 50; 75; 100; 125; 150; 175; 200; 400; 600; 800; 1.000; 1.200; 1.400; 1.600; 1.800 e 2.000 μmol m-2 s-1) e três horários de avaliação ao longo do dia (08:00, 12:00 e 16:00 h). Foram utilizadas seis repetições, considerando duas plantas por parcela útil. Trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a de P. peruviana foram alterados em virtude da PPFD e das condições ambientais ao longo do dia. A alta PPFD (1.384,6 μmol m-2 s-1) e temperatura do ar (39,74 °C) no horário de 12 horas favoreceu as trocas gasosas dessa espécie. O aumento da PPFD até 1.000 µmol m-2 s-1 influenciou positivamente as trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a de P. peruviana.

RESUMO Práticas inadequadas de manejo antes do abate podem comprometer o bem-estar animal e a qualidade da carne suína. Este estudo visou avaliar os efeitos do período de transporte (TT), período de descarga (TD), e período de pré-abate (TE) nos indicadores termofisiológicos animais e no pH da carne suína, utilizando uma abordagem multivariada. Este estudo foi realizado num matadouro localizado em Aquiraz, Ceará, Brasil. Um total de 60 suínos mestiços com 107 ± 5 kg de peso corporal foram distribuídos em três grupos experimentais: grupo A (TT = 180 min, TD ≤ 10 min, e TE = 24 horas), grupo B (TT = 60 min, TD ≤ 15 min, e TE = 18 horas), e grupo C (TT = 45 min, TD ≤ 5 min, e TE = 24 horas). A análise discriminante canônica foi implementada e as diferenças entre tratamentos são representadas graficamente. Os dois primeiros componentes foram responsáveis por 97% dos tratamentos. A análise discriminante mostrou que o grupo C apresentou diferenças multivariadas em relação aos outros, particularmente com temperatura retal elevada antes do abate (38,4 ± 0,23 °C) e frequência respiratória (131 ± 7,0 respirações min-1) e temperatura retal (39,7 ± 0,18 °C) à chegada ao matadouro. O período de transporte (TT), período de descarga (TD) e o stress térmico das instalações influenciaram variáveis fisiológicas, tais como a temperatura retal e a frequência respiratória. Além disso, as variáveis de estresse fisiológico também favoreceram cortes com pH básico, resultando em perda de qualidade.

ABSTRACT Inadequate pre-slaughter handling practices may compromise animal welfare and pork quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of transport period (TT), unloading period (UT), and pre-slaughtering period (WT) on animal thermophysiological indicators and pork pH using a multivariate approach. This study was conducted in a slaughterhouse located in Aquiraz, Ceará state, Brazil. A total of 60 mestizo pigs with 107 ± 5 kg body weight were distributed into three experimental groups: group A (TT = 180 min, UT ≤ 10 min, and WT = 24 hours), group B (TT = 60 min, UT ≤ 15 min, and WT = 18 hours), and group C (TT = 45 min, UT ≤ 5 min, and WT = 24 hours). Canonical discriminant analysis was implemented and the differences between treatments are represented graphically. The first two components accounted for 97% treatments. The discriminant analysis showed that group C presented multivariate differences in relation to others, particularly with high rectal temperature before slaughter (38.4 ± 0.23 °C) and respiratory rate (131 ± 7.0 breaths min-1) and rectal temperature (39.7 ± 0.18 °C) upon arrival at the slaughterhouse. Transport period (TT), unloading period (UT), and thermal stress of the facilities influenced physiological variables, such as rectal temperature and respiratory rate. Furthermore, the physiological stress variables also favored cuts with basic pH, resulting in quality loss.

This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

Abstract Some experimental results concerning the performance of fiber-reinforced soil composites made of soil and shredded fibers from waste tires are presented. The composite mixtures were prepared with fiber addition of 0, 15, 30, and 45 wt%. After molding, the specimens were oven-dried and tested for unconfined compressive strength and water immersion durability. The results showed an improvement in durability with the addition of fiber. The results also indicated good compressive strength performance for the composites with a fiber content of 15 and 30 wt%. The 30 wt% fiber addiction was the best choice because of the environmental sustainability appeal to solid waste reduction.

Abstract Background People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) show an increased risk of sexual dysfunction (SD), both in women and men. Objective The aim of the present study was to apply the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 (MSISQ-19) and evaluate our results by comparing them with those in in the literature, as well as to assess the ease of applying the scale and the engagement of the patients in discussing the topic of sexuality. Methods We developed and applied a web-based Google form questionnaire that the respondents completed online, which included the MSISQ-19, for the assessment of sexual function. Baseline characteristics were reported as proportions and mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median ± interquartile range (IQR) as appropriate according to data distribution. Categorical variables were stratified by sex and compared with chisquared tests. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA v. 16 (StataCorp., College Station, TX, USA). Results Of the 621 respondents, 541 were included in the analysis. Among the patients with MS, a total of 347 (64.14%) exhibited SD. When stratified by gender, the frequencies of SD were not significantly different. Conclusion There is a high incidence of sexual dysfunction among PwMS and we need to identify the reasons for this and implement strategies to treat and counsel our patients. The MSISQ-19 can be used to help clinicians to assess sexual functioning in a quick and easy way and give patients the possibility to address this topic and receive appropriate help and support.

Resumo Antecedentes Pacientes com esclerose múltipla apresentam altas taxas de disfunção sexual em diversos estudos. Objetivo Avaliar a aplicação e resultados da ferramenta para avaliação de disfunção sexual em pacientes com Esclerose Multipla, Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 (MSISQ-19), bem como comparar os resultados encontrados com a literatura já existente e ter a percepção do engajamento dos pacientes sobre o tema. Métodos Realizado através de questionário on-line na plataforma Google Forms, composto por questões sobre perfil demográfico e relacionadas à doença e o questionário MSISQ-19. Os dados demográficos e sobre a doença foram descritos como proporções e média ± desvio padrão (DP) ou mediana ± intervalo interquartil (IIQ). As variáveis categóricas foram estratificadas por sexo e comparadas com testes de qui-quadrado. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no programa STATA v. 16 (StataCorp., College Station, TX, EUA). Resultados Um total de 621 pacientes responderam ao questionário, sendo inclusos na análise 541 respostas, após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade. Um total de 347 (64,14%) pacientes apresentaram disfunção sexual, sem diferença entre os gêneros. Conclusão Disfunção sexual apresenta alta prevalência no grupo estudado, sendo necessário identificar as causas e implementar estratégias de tratamento. O MSISQ-19 é uma ferramenta fácil e rápida de ser aplicada, podendo ser utilizada para facilitar a comunicação com os pacientes sobre o tema, possibilitando assim o tratamento das disfunções sexuais nessa população.

RESUMO Os sistemas de produção de suínos contribuem com emissões de gases de efeito estufa (dióxido de carbono - CO2, óxido nitroso - N2O e metano - CH4) e amônia - NH3 para a atmosfera. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar metodologias para determinação das emissões de amônia e gases de efeito estufa em uma unidade de produção comercial de suínos durante a fase de terminação, que possui ventilação natural. Foram medidas as concentrações de gases no ar pelo analisador de gases (INNOVA 1412) e foi calculada a vazão de emissões considerando a taxa de ventilação e as diferenças de concentração de gases entre o interior e o exterior da instalação. Os resultados mostraram que a vazão de emissão obtida pela metodologia simplificada em [g suíno por hora] foi: 2,689 para CO2, 0,30 para N2O, 4,39 para CH4, 13,55 para NH3 e 3,273 para vapor d’água. A vazão obtida para a metodologia contínua em [g suíno por hora] foi de 574 para CO2, 0,67 para N2O, 19,50 para CH4, 5,84 para NH3 e 7,2 para vapor d’água. A metodologia simplificada foi altamente precisa para estimar as emissões de GEE em sistemas de produção de suínos com ventilação natural.

ABSTRACT Swine production systems contribute to emission of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, and CH4) and ammonia (NH3) into the atmosphere. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate methods for determining the emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases (GHG) in a commercial swine production unit with natural ventilation during the finishing phase. The concentrations of gases in the air were measured using a gas analyzer (INNOVA 1412), and the flow emission was calculated by considering the ventilation rate and the differences in gas concentration between the interior and exterior of the installation. The results showed that the emission flow obtained via the simplified method in [g per swine h-1] was 2.689, 0.30, 4.39, 13.55, and 3.273 for CO2, N2O, CH4, NH3, and water vapor, respectively. The flow obtained using the continuous method in [g per swine h-1] was 574, 0.67, 19.50, 5.84, and 7.2 for CO2, N2O, CH4, NH3, and water vapor, respectively. The proposed simplified method was highly accurate for estimating GHG emissions from swine production systems with natural ventilation.

Abstract Potassium (K+) fertilization is very necessary for optimal productivity. On the other hand, the use of high doses of K+ can promote negative effects on plants and, thus, decrease sugarcane productivity. This study evaluated the application of K2O rates on proline, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, total and carotenoids), leaf levels of K+, sulphur (S) and magnesium (Mg), and on sugarcane productivity. A field experiment was carried out in a sand loam soil with six doses of K2O (0; 25; 50; 100; 200 and 250 kg ha-1), as potassium chloride (KCl), and one sugarcane variety (RB 992506) in the plant cane cycle. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks design with four replications. The K2O rates, as KCl, promoted a linear increase in the soil electrical conductivity (soil EC), in K+ and S and linear decrease in Mg leaf levels. The K2O rates 147, 128, 135 and 150 kg ha-1 promoted the highest levels of total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline and productivity, respectively. From these rates on there were decrease in these variables. The soil EC associated with maximum sugarcane productivity, 150 kg ha-1 of K2O, was 1.38 dSm-1. The potassium fertilization should not exceed 150 kg ha-1 K2O, as KCl, due to its negative effects on productivity and, also, on total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline and Mg leaf levels due to increase in soil EC.

Resumo A fertilização potássica (K+) é muito necessária para o aumento da produtividade de cana-de-açúcar. Por outro lado, o uso de altas doses de K+ pode promover efeitos negativos nas plantas e, consequentemente, diminuir a produtividade. Este estudo avaliou a aplicação de doses de K2O na prolina, pigmentos fotossintéticos (clorofila a, b, total e carotenóides), teores foliares de K+, enxofre (S) e magnésio (Mg), e na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar. Um experimento de campo foi realizado em solo franco-arenoso com seis doses de K2O (0; 25; 50; 100; 200 e 250 kg ha-1), na forma de cloreto de potássio (KCl), e uma variedade de cana-de-açúcar (RB 992506) no ciclo da cana-planta. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. As doses de K2O, na forma de KCl, promoveram aumento linear da condutividade elétrica do solo (CEsolo), nos níveis foliares de K+ e S e diminuição linear nos níveis de Mg. As doses de K2O 147, 128, 135 e 150 kg ha-1 promoveram os maiores teores de clorofila total, carotenóides, prolina e produtividade, respectivamente. A partir dessas doses houve diminuição dessas variáveis. A CEsolo associada com a máxima produtividade da cana-de-açúcar, 150 kg ha-1 de K2O, foi de 1.38 dSm-1. A adubação potássica não deve ultrapassar 150 kg ha-1 de K2O, na forma de KCl, devido aos seus efeitos negativos na produtividade e, também, nos níveis foliares de clorofila total, carotenóides, prolina e Mg em razão do aumento da CE do solo.