Abstract Introduction Adherence to medications can be associated with circumstances related to the patient, with the pathology, with cultural health beliefs, with habits, and with quality of life. Behavioral patterns can also directly influence a patient’s pharmacological adherence, since they are related to their perception and understanding of their own health status and of their drug and non-drug treatments. Objective To investigate the association between adherence to pharmacological treatment and personality factors, sociodemographic variables, and economic data in the elderly. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study. The population studied were elderly people registered with the Family Health Strategy of Porto Alegre and enrolled on the Brain Aging Program (PENCE), from March 2013 to November 2015. Sociodemographic data, pharmacological adherence, and personality traits were evaluated. Exclusion criteria were incomplete data in the personality and pharmacological adherence assessments; cognitive impairment, evaluated using the instrument Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), or not having carried out this assessment. Results A total of 123 individuals were included with a mean age of 71.35±7.33 years, 58.6% of whom reported some level of non-adherence to their medication regime (low and moderate adherence). Elderly people with low adherence had significantly higher mean scores in the Neuroticism factor, while those with high adherence had significantly higher mean scores in the Agreeableness and Conscientiousness factors. Conclusion The study suggests that pharmacological adherence among the elderly is negatively associated with the Neuroticism personality trait, while the Agreeableness and Conscientiousness traits are positively associated.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Testicular germ cells tumor (TGCT) are associated with a high cure rate and are treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. However, a group of testicular cancer patients may have a very unfavorable evolution and insensitivity to the main therapeutic agent chemotherapy (CT) cisplatin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of recurrence and overall survival related to the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) in patients with TGCT treated with platinum combinations. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was performed with TGCT patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed and the expression was correlated with clinical and laboratory data. Results: Fifty patients were included, the mean age was 28.4 years (18 to 45), and 76% were non-seminoma. All patients were treated with standard cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin or cisplatin, and etoposide. Patient’s analyzed immunodetection for NF-κB, TG2, and ERCC1 were positive in 76%, 54% and 42%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified that positive expressions to ERCC1 and NF-κB are independent risk factors for higher recurrence TGCT after chemotherapy (RR 2.96 and 3.16, respectively). Patients with positive expression of ERCC1 presented a poor overall survival rate for 10-year follow (p=0.001). Conclusions: The expression of ERCC1 and NF-κB give a worse prognosis for relapse, and only ERCC1 had an influence on the overall survival of TGCT patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. These may represent markers that predict poor clinical outcome and response to cisplatin.

RESUMO Objetivo Examinar a prevalência do transtorno de ansiedade generalizada (TAG) em idosos e suas associações com fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde. Métodos Estudo transversal, composto por uma amostra de base populacional de 578 indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais, participantes do programa Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Agentes de saúde treinados realizaram coleta de dados dos indivíduos durante as visitas domiciliares. A avaliação diagnóstica psiquiátrica foi realizada por psiquiatras, no Hospital São Lucas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), por meio da aplicação do Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview plus (MINIplus). Resultados O TAG foi encontrado em 9% (n = 52; IC 95% = 6,9-11,6) da amostra. Os principais resultados da análise multivariada evidenciaram associações entre TAG e aposentadoria (RP: 0,43; IC: 0,25-0,76), história de quedas (RP: 2,52; IC: 1,42-4,49), coabitação com quatro ou mais pessoas (RP: 1,80; IC: 1,04-3,13), ter mais de uma hospitalização no último ano (RP: 2,53, IC: 1,17-5,48) e autopercepção de saúde avaliada como regular (RP: 2,75, IC: 1,02-7,47). Idosos aposentados apresentaram risco 2,32 menor de TAG, embora fatores confundidores possam ter superestimado esse achado e subestimado a associação com gênero feminino (RP: 1,61; IC: 0,83-3,10). Conclusões Estimou-se uma alta prevalência de TAG nessa população de idosos. Foram encontradas associações de TAG com autopercepção de saúde regular, coabitação com quatro ou mais pessoas, mais de uma hospitalização no último ano e história de quedas. Esses dados oriundos da Estratégia Saúde da Família são importantes para o desenvolvimento de estratégias adicionais que possam melhorar a prática de assistência à saúde na população idosa.

ABSTRACT Objective To examine the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and its associations with sociodemographic and health factors. Methods A cross-sectional study with a population-based sample of 578 individuals aged 60 years or older from the Family Health Strategy (FHS) program of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Home visit screening and general data collection were made by trained Community Health Workers (CHWs). Diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were made by board-certified psychiatrists using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview plus (MINIplus) in the Hospital São Lucas of the Pontifical University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Results GAD was found in 9% of the sample (n = 52; CI 95% = 6.9-11.6). The main results of the multivariate analysis show associations between GAD and retirement (PR: 0.43, CI: 0.25-0.76), history of falls (PR: 2.52, CI: 1.42-4.49), cohabitation with four or more people (PR: 1.80, CI: 1.04-3.13), having more than one hospitalization in the last year (PR: 2.53, CI: 1.17-5.48) and self-perception of health as regular (PR: 2.75, CI: 1.02-7.47). Retirement in the elderly shows 2.32x less risk of GAD, although confounding factors may have overestimated this finding and underestimated the association with female gender (PR: 1.61, CI: 0.83-3.10). Conclusions We estimate a high prevalence of GAD in this population. Associations were found between GAD and health self-perceived as regular, cohabitation with four or more people, history of falls and more than one hospitalization in the last year. These epidemiological data from the Family Health Strategy are important to develop further strategies for this age group that could improve the health care practice.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a associação das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e fatores sociodemográficos com sintomas de depressão em idosos. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 1.391 idosos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Os dados sociodemográficos e de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis foram coletados pelos agentes comunitários de saúde. A Escala de Depressão Geriátrica abreviada foi utilizada para investigar os sintomas de depressão. Resultados Aproximadamente 81% referiram ao menos uma doença crônica não transmissível. Os sintomas depressivos foram associados com sexo feminino, doença coronariana, insuficiência cardíaca e acidente vascular cerebral; ≥ 8 anos de estudo e ter companheiro foram protetores. Dentre as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, as cardiovasculares e as cerebrovasculares têm associação independente com sintomas de depressão. Conclusões Esses resultados corroboram a hipótese de que a doença vascular seja um fator de risco para o comprometimento encefálico associado à depressão. Evidencia-se o importante papel dos agentes comunitários de saúde, na Estratégia Saúde da Família, com potencial utilidade nas políticas públicas para a saúde mental do idoso.

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the association between non-communicable chronic diseases and sociodemographic factors with symptoms of depression in elderly. Methods Transversal study conducted with 1,391 elderly patients registered in the Family Health Strategy. Social-demographic and non-communicable chronic diseases data were collected by community health agents. Geriatric Depression Scale abbreviate was used to investigate symptoms of depression. Results About 81% of all patients reported at least one non-communicable chronic disease. Symptoms of depression was associated with women, coronary disease, cardiac insufficiency and cerebrovascular accident; education ≥ 8 years and having a companion were shown to be protecting factors. Conclusions Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular non-communicable chronic diseases are independently associated with depression. These results support the hypothesis that vascular disease is a risk factor for brain impairment associated with depression. This research illustrates the role of community health agents within Family Health Strategy as a tool for public mental health policy.

Resumo Introdução Com o envelhecimento populacional, há o aparecimento de doenças crônicas incapacitantes, entre as quais se destaca a diabetes mellitus (DM). O objetivo do estudo é descrever a prevalência de DM em idosos da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de Porto Alegre, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, de acordo com o tratamento, a adesão medicamentosa e variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado em indivíduos acima de 60 anos. Os dados foram coletados por instrumento (dados sociodemográficos, condições de saúde, hábitos de vida e informações de medicamentos). A adesão medicamentosa foi avaliada pela escala de Morisky. Resultados Foram analisados 763 idosos, com idade média de 69,1±7,5 anos, dos quais 63,7% eram do sexo feminino. A prevalência de DM foi de 23,5%, principalmente nas mulheres (27,2%), na faixa etária de 60 a 79 anos (24,6%), nos viúvos (28,4%) e nos que relataram ter cuidador (27,6%). Nas variáveis de saúde, idosos com maior índice de massa corporal (IMC) e aqueles com doença cardíaca apresentaram maior prevalência de DM. A metformina foi o hipoglicemiante que apresentou maior frequência de uso (76,5%). Conclusão A atenção ao idoso diabético vem crescendo nas ESF, por isso este estudo contribuirá para o desenvolvimento de estratégias para melhor atenção a essa população.

Abstract Introduction With an aging population also come disabling chronic diseases, the diabetes mellitus (DM) is among them. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of DM in the elderly of the Family Health Program in Porto Alegre, according to the sociodemographic and health variables, and describe the treatment used and medication adherence. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted in individuals above 60 years old. Data were collected by a questionnaire (sociodemographic, health status, lifestyle and drug information). Morisky scale was assessed for the medication adherence. Results We analyzed 763 older adults with a mean age of 69.1 ± 7.5 years, 63.7% were female. The prevalence of DM was 23.5% and was higher in women (27.2%), in people aged 60-79 years (24.6%), in the widowed (28.4%) and those who reported having caregiver (27.6%). On the health variables, elderly with higher BMI and those reporting heart disease presented a higher prevalence of DM. Metformin was the mostly used hypoglycemic drug (76.5%). Conclusion The elderly care has increased in ESF diabetic patients’ and this study will help in developing strategies to better care for this population.

Abstract Background In several countries, prevalence studies demonstrate that chronic use of BZD in the elderly population is very high. This scenario has reached pandemic proportions for decades and is an important public health problem. Objectives To examine the independent association between chronic benzodiazepine use in depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder, as well as other clinical and sociodemographic factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was developed from a population-based survey and conducted from March, 2011 to December, 2012 using a random sample of 550 elderly people who were enrolled in the Family Health Strategy in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Data was collected from identifying epidemiological and health data (sociodemographic, self-perception health, self-reported diseases, smoking, alcohol and pharmacotherapeutic evaluation) and from the diagnoses of mood and anxiety disorders. Results Elderly patients diagnosed with depression, anxiety, concomitant depression/anxiety and bipolar disorders, and those who were using antidepressants have a higher risk of benzodiazepine use. Individuals who self-reported drinking alcohol had a lower risk of benzodiazepine use. Discussion Benzodiazepines are often used by the elderly for long periods, which has a direct impact on the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders and on vulnerable groups such as the elderly, who may be unnecessarily taking these drugs.

Resumo Para descrever o perfil de consumo de nutrientes e verificar a sua associação com as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde, desenvolveu-se um estudo transversal, de base populacional em uma amostra aleatória de 427 idosos residentes em Porto Alegre, Brasil. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado através do Inquérito Recordatório de 24 Horas e Investigação da História Dietética. Dos idosos entrevistados, 70% eram mulheres; 48,5% possuíam entre 60 e 69 anos; 68,8% possuíam menos de 8 anos de escolaridade; 39,0%, renda familiar entre 2 e 5 salários mínimos; e 58,4% não praticava exercício físico. A hipertensão foi a doença mais prevalente, e 54,9% dos idosos estavam abaixo do peso. Os homens consumiam mais calorias, proteínas, fibras, minerais e vitaminas do que as mulheres. O consumo de carboidrato e cálcio aumentou conforme o avanço da idade, assim como diminuiu a ingestão de zinco. A prática de exercício físico elevou o consumo de calorias, magnésio, potássio e fósforo. Quanto maior a escolaridade, maior é o consumo de vitaminas B6 e B12; quanto maior a renda familiar, maior o consumo de vitamina B6 e ácido fólico. Os resultados demonstram que há deficiências nutricionais na alimentação diária da nossa população de idosos, principalmente entre as mulheres e os indivíduos acima de 80 anos.

Abstract A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted on a random sample of 427 elderly individuals living in Porto Alegre, Brazil, to establish the nutrient consumption profile and verify its association with sociodemographic and health variables. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour Food Recall Survey and the Dietetic Research Investigation technique. Seventy percent of the elderly respondents were women: 48.5% were between 60 and 69 years old; 68.8% had less than 8 years of schooling; 39% had a family income of between 2 and 5 minimum wages and 58.4% took no physical exercise. Hypertension was the most prevalent disease among the elderly and 54.9% were underweight. Men consumed more calories, protein, fiber, minerals and vitamins than women. Carbohydrate and calcium intake increases with advancing age, while zinc intake decreases. Physical exercise increased the intake of calories, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus. The higher the schooling the greater the intake of vitamins B6 and B12; the higher the family income, the greater the consumption of vitamin B6 and folic acid. The results show that there are nutritional deficiencies in the daily diet of the Brazilian elderly population, especially among women and individuals over 80 years of age.

Resumo Para descrever o perfil de consumo de nutrientes e verificar a sua associação com as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde, desenvolveu-se um estudo transversal, de base populacional em uma amostra aleatória de 427 idosos residentes em Porto Alegre, Brasil. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado através do Inquérito Recordatório de 24 Horas e Investigação da História Dietética. Dos idosos entrevistados, 70% eram mulheres; 48,5% possuíam entre 60 e 69 anos; 68,8% possuíam menos de 8 anos de escolaridade; 39,0%, renda familiar entre 2 e 5 salários mínimos; e 58,4% não praticava exercício físico. A hipertensão foi a doença mais prevalente, e 54,9% dos idosos estavam abaixo do peso. Os homens consumiam mais calorias, proteínas, fibras, minerais e vitaminas do que as mulheres. O consumo de carboidrato e cálcio aumentou conforme o avanço da idade, assim como diminuiu a ingestão de zinco. A prática de exercício físico elevou o consumo de calorias, magnésio, potássio e fósforo. Quanto maior a escolaridade, maior é o consumo de vitaminas B6 e B12; quanto maior a renda familiar, maior o consumo de vitamina B6 e ácido fólico. Os resultados demonstram que há deficiências nutricionais na alimentação diária da nossa população de idosos, principalmente entre as mulheres e os indivíduos acima de 80 anos.

Abstract A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted on a random sample of 427 elderly individuals living in Porto Alegre, Brazil, to establish the nutrient consumption profile and verify its association with sociodemographic and health variables. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour Food Recall Survey and the Dietetic Research Investigation technique. Seventy percent of the elderly respondents were women: 48.5% were between 60 and 69 years old; 68.8% had less than 8 years of schooling; 39% had a family income of between 2 and 5 minimum wages and 58.4% took no physical exercise. Hypertension was the most prevalent disease among the elderly and 54.9% were underweight. Men consumed more calories, protein, fiber, minerals and vitamins than women. Carbohydrate and calcium intake increases with advancing age, while zinc intake decreases. Physical exercise increased the intake of calories, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus. The higher the schooling the greater the intake of vitamins B6 and B12; the higher the family income, the greater the consumption of vitamin B6 and folic acid. The results show that there are nutritional deficiencies in the daily diet of the Brazilian elderly population, especially among women and individuals over 80 years of age.

ResumoEste estudo objetivou analisar a prevalência do uso de anti-inflamatórios e analgésicos em idosos da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Porto Alegre-RS, bem como investigar fatores associados: dados sociodemográficos e de saúde; uso contínuo ou se necessário da medicação; indicação médica ou automedicação. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre março de 2011 e dezembro de 2012. Os agentes de saúde comunitários aplicaram um questionário com dados sociodemográficos, de saúde e uso de medicamentos. Foram estudados os anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais, glicocorticoides, analgésicos não opioides e opioides de uso oral. Foram incluídos 758 idosos e o uso de anti-inflamatórios e analgésicos era feito por 28,8%. O paracetamol e o ibuprofeno foram os mais utilizados. No que diz respeito à autopercepção de saúde, quanto pior a saúde relatada, maior o uso da terapêutica (p<0,001). A doença hepática e artrose/artrite/reumatismo mostraram estar associadas ao uso de anti-inflamatórios e analgésicos (p<0,001). A prevalência de uso de anti-inflamatórios e analgésicos foi considerada moderada quando comparada a estudos prévios (28,8%). Além disso, a maioria dos idosos fazia uso desses medicamentos quando era preciso, provavelmente porque sentia dores leves a moderadas, não sendo necessário o uso contínuo da medicação ou também por sofrer com os efeitos adversos desses medicamentos, optando por usá-los esporadicamente.

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of the use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs among elderly persons from the Family Health Program in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, and investigate associated factors such as sociodemographic and health data; continuous or as needed use of drug, drug used subject to medical prescription or self-medicated. Data collection occurred between March 2011 and December 2012. Community health workers applied a questionnaire relating to sociodemographic and health data and medication use. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, non-opioid analgesics and opioids were evaluated. A total of 758 elderly persons were included and anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs were used by 28.8% of the population. Acetaminophen and ibuprofen were the most frequently used drugs. Regarding self-perception of health, the worse the perception of health, the greater was the use of therapy (p<0.001). Liver disease and osteoarthritis/arthritis/rheumatism were found to be associated with anti-inflammatory and analgesic use (p<0.001). The prevalence of anti-inflammatory and analgesic use was considered moderate when compared to previous studies (28.8%). In addition, most of the elderly persons used the drugs when only needed, most probably due to feeling minor to moderate pain or because they had suffered the adverse effects of these medications in the past and so chose to use them sporadically.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de anemia em idosos atendidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Porto Alegre-RS, Brasil, relacionando com as condições socioeconômicas e de saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal exploratório observacional, no qual se realizaram coletas de informações epidemiológicas e de sangue. Os parâmetros hematológicos avaliados foram concentração de hemoglobina, volume corpuscular médio, concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média e amplitude de distribuição das hemácias. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 556 idosos. A prevalência de anemia, avaliada pela dosagem de hemoglobina, foi de 8,8%, representando 10,1% para os homens e 8,1% para as mulheres. A anemia normocítica e normocrômica foi o tipo de anemia mais comumente encontrada (34,0%), sugestiva de doença crônica. Além disso, a prevalência de anemia normocítica e hipocrômica foi de 32,0%, sugerindo anemia por doença crônica nas fases iniciais de deficiência de ferro. Na análise das condições socioeconômicas e de saúde, diferenças significativas foram encontradas entre faixa etária, cor, escolaridade, presença ou não de cuidador principal, internação hospitalar, doenças da tireoide, relato de fraqueza e utilização de antianêmicos. CONCLUSÃO: Foi observada baixa prevalência de anemia nos idosos de Porto Alegre-RS. Inúmeros são os fatores desencadeantes dos baixos níveis de hemoglobina. Faixa etária, cor, renda mensal familiar, escolaridade, cuidados e doenças associadas são relevantes para influenciar nesse acontecimento. A anemia não deve ser considerada uma condição associada ao processo de envelhecimento, mas sim às inúmeras doenças, que são frequentes nessa população e, portanto, merece atenção clínica adequada.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of anemia among elderly people related to socioeconomic and health conditions in elderly attended by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional and exploratory study in which epidemiological information, and blood sampling. The hematological parameters evaluated were hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and red cell distribution width. RESULTS: We assessed 556 senior citizens. The prevalence of anemia, assessed by hemoglobin measurement was 8.8%, representing 10.1% for men and 8.1 % for women. A normochromic normocytic anemia was the type of anemia most commonly found (34.0%), suggesting chronic disease. Furthermore, the prevalence of normocytic and hypochromic anemia was 32.0%, suggesting an evolution of anemia by chronic disease in early stages of iron deficiency. Analyzing health and socioeconomic conditions, significant differences were found among age range, color, educational level, presence or absence of primary caregiver, hospitalization, thyroid disease, report of weakness and use of anti-anemic medications. CONCLUSION: Low prevalence of anemia in the elderly in Porto Alegre-RS was observed. Numerous are the triggering factors of low hemoglobin levels. Factors such as age, color, family income, education, care, associated diseases are relevant to influence this event. Anemia should not be considered only associated with aging condition, but to many diseases that are common in this population and therefore deserves appropriate medical attention. Characterization of anemia should be carefully performed to aid its correct treatment.

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a soroprevalência para Toxoplasma gondii e a relacionar com as condições socioeconômicas, higiênicas, sanitárias e de saúde nos idosos da Estratégia Saúde da Família - ESF, do município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A pesquisa realizada foi um estudo transversal, no qual foi aplicado um questionário de inquérito epidemiológico e realizada coleta de sangue. A avaliação de IgG e IgM anti-T. gondii foi realizada pela técnica de ELISA. Foram avaliados 599 idosos com soroprevalência para IgG anti-T. gondii de 88,0% e de 0,8% para IgM. Na análise multivariada, as variáveis que se associaram de forma independente para IgG positivo foram: faixa etária, renda pessoal e uso de óculos; e para IgM positivo: faixa etária, autopercepção de saúde e uso de óculos. Os resultados obtidos chamam a atenção pela alta prevalência de IgG anti-T. gondii nos idosos da ESF de Porto Alegre, gerando uma preocupação no caso de ocorrência de reativação da toxoplasmose e desenvolvimento dos sintomas mais graves dessa infecção.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and relate it to the socioeconomic, hygienic, sanitary and health conditions of the elderly of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The research involved a cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire with epidemiologic questions was applied and blood samples were taken. The assessment of IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii was performed using the ELISA technique. Seroprevalence was evaluated among 599 elderly individuals with 88% for IgG anti-T. gondii and with 0.8% for IgM. In the multivariate analysis, the variables that associated themselves independently with positive IgG were age range, personal income and wearing spectacles. Those associated with positive IgM were age, self-rated health and wearing spectacles. The results call attention to the high prevalence of IgG anti-T. gondii in elderly individuals in the FHS in Porto Alegre, generating concern in the event that the reactivation of toxoplasmosis and the development of more severe symptoms of this infection occur.

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a soroprevalência para Toxoplasma gondii e a relacionar com as condições socioeconômicas, higiênicas, sanitárias e de saúde nos idosos da Estratégia Saúde da Família - ESF, do município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A pesquisa realizada foi um estudo transversal, no qual foi aplicado um questionário de inquérito epidemiológico e realizada coleta de sangue. A avaliação de IgG e IgM anti-T. gondii foi realizada pela técnica de ELISA. Foram avaliados 599 idosos com soroprevalência para IgG anti-T. gondii de 88,0% e de 0,8% para IgM. Na análise multivariada, as variáveis que se associaram de forma independente para IgG positivo foram: faixa etária, renda pessoal e uso de óculos; e para IgM positivo: faixa etária, autopercepção de saúde e uso de óculos. Os resultados obtidos chamam a atenção pela alta prevalência de IgG anti-T. gondii nos idosos da ESF de Porto Alegre, gerando uma preocupação no caso de ocorrência de reativação da toxoplasmose e desenvolvimento dos sintomas mais graves dessa infecção.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and relate it to the socioeconomic, hygienic, sanitary and health conditions of the elderly of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The research involved a cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire with epidemiologic questions was applied and blood samples were taken. The assessment of IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii was performed using the ELISA technique. Seroprevalence was evaluated among 599 elderly individuals with 88% for IgG anti-T. gondii and with 0.8% for IgM. In the multivariate analysis, the variables that associated themselves independently with positive IgG were age range, personal income and wearing spectacles. Those associated with positive IgM were age, self-rated health and wearing spectacles. The results call attention to the high prevalence of IgG anti-T. gondii in elderly individuals in the FHS in Porto Alegre, generating concern in the event that the reactivation of toxoplasmosis and the development of more severe symptoms of this infection occur.

Introdução: o impacto da atividade física regular e/ou irregular na composição corporal, massa e força muscular e funcionalidade em idosos é ainda pouco estudado. Objetivo: comparar variáveis antropométricas, espessura muscular e de gordura, mobilidade e força de preensão palmar de membros inferiores entre idosos regular e irregularmente ativos classificados pelo International Phisical Activity Questionnnaire. Método: estudo transversal com 75 idosos (14 homens e 61 mulheres) que praticavam atividade física regular (AFR=10) ou irregular (AFI=65). Variáveis antropométricas (índice de massa corporal, circunferências e dobras cutâneas), espessura muscular e de gordura (tríceps braquial, vasto lateral e gastrocnêmico medial [ultrassom]), força de preensão palmar (dinamômetro Crown), força de membros inferiores (teste de senta e levanta) e mobilidade foram coletadas da amostra de idosos. A atividade física foi avaliada através do International Phisical Activity Questionnnaire. Resultados: não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas variáveis antropométricas, espessura muscular e de gordura e força entre os dois grupos (p>0,05). No entanto, no grupo de idosos que praticavam atividade física irregular, foi obtido melhor desempenho no teste de mobilidade do que nos idosos que praticavam atividade física regular (p<0,008). Esse resultado foi independente de sexo e idade (p=0,017). Conclusão: o estudo não encontrou diferenças significativas entre os idosos que praticam atividade física de forma regular ou irregular em relação à composição corporal e parâmetros de força. Contudo, os resultados sugerem que a prática de atividade física irregular pode ajudar a mobilidade dos idosos e prevenir quedas.

Background: The impact of regular and irregular physical activity in body composition, muscle mass and strength of the elderly is not well studied yet. Objective: To compare anthropometric variables, muscle and fat thickness, mobility, handgrip and lower limb strength between regularly and irregularly active elderly classified by the International Physical Questionnaire Activity Questionnaire. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with 75 elderly people (14 males and 61 females) who practiced regular (RPA=10) or irregular physical activity (IPA=65). Anthropometric variables (body mass index, circumferences and skinfolds), muscular and fat thickness (triceps, vastus lateralis and medial gastrocnemius [ultrasound]), handgrip strength (Crown dynamometer), lower limb strength (sit and stand up test) and mobility were collected from the sample. Physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Questionnaire Activity Questionnaire. Results: No significant differences were found in the anthropometric, skeletal muscle and fat mass and force variables between two groups (p>0.05). However, elders who practiced irregular physical activity presented best performance in the time up and go test than those who practiced regular physical activity (p=0.008). Results were independent of sex and age of subjects (p=0.017). Conclusion: The study showed no significant differences between elderly that performed physical activity in regular or irregular way in relation body composition and force parameters. However, the results suggest that even irregular physical activity can help the elderly individuals in the mobility, and prevent falls.

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de obesidade associada ao consumo de macronutrientes, às alterações do perfil lipídico, à glicemia e à prática de atividade física em idosos. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo transversal com 304 idosos do município de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Medidas antropométricas de peso e altura foram utilizadas para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC) e foram analisados o perfil lipídico, a glicemia, a ingestão diária de macronutrientes e a prática de atividade física. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de obesidade foi de 30,6%, sofrendo redução com o aumento da idade. As idosas obesas apresentaram maior frequência de hipertrigliceridemia, cujos valores aumentaram conforme o aumento do IMC. Nesse grupo, a prática de atividade física foi menor. Entre os homens, houve maior consumo de proteína na dieta. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados mostraram que a obesidade é um importante problema de saúde na Região Sul do Brasil, sofrendo influência de fatores socioculturais e econômicos que prejudicam a manutenção de uma alimentação saudável. Políticas públicas devem ser direcionadas a fim de controlar esse problema, já que a obesidade é um fator limitante para a longevidade.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of obesity in elderly adults associated with macronutrient consumption, lipid profile, blood glucose and physical activity. METHODS: A cross-sectional-study was made with 304 elderly patients from Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Anthropometric measures of weight and height were used to calculate body mass index (BMI), and lipid profile, blood glucose, daily intake of nutrients, and physical activity were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was 30.6%, decreasing with increased age. Obese women had higher frequency of hypertriglyceridemia and these values increased with increasing BMI. In this group, physical activity was lower. Among men, there was higher intake of dietary protein. CONCLUSION: The results show that obesity is an important health problem in Southern Brazil, being influenced by socio-cultural and economic factors that make it difficult to keep a healthy diet. Public policies should be adopted to control that problem, since obesity is a limiting factor for longevity.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to analyze the hematological parameters, the prevalence of anemia and the association between anemia and socioeconomic conditions in an elderly community-based population. METHODS: A population-based study was performed as part of the Multidimensional Study of the Elderly in Porto Alegre, Brazil (EMIPOA). An initial total of 1058 community residents aged 60 years and older were interviewed. Of these, 392 agreed to have a physical evaluation and a blood sample was taken from each. The hematological parameters analyzed in the blood samples included the hemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW). The association between the variables and the diagnosis of anemia was assessed using the chi-squared test and a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of anemia was 12.8%. Anemia was present in 13.7% of women and in 10.4% of men. Normocytic normochromic anemia without anisocytosis was the most common type of anemia (46%). The assessment of erythrocyte morphology showed significant differences between anemic and non-anemic individuals (microcytosis = 12% vs. 1.5%, hypochromia = 40% vs. 8.8%, and anisocytosis = 26% vs. 7%). In the analysis of socioeconomic conditions, significant differences were found in respect to age and race. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anemia increases with age and is associated with race, microcytosis, hypochromia and anisocytosis. Anemia is not a condition that should be associated only with the aging process, as it may be due to pathological conditions that occur most frequently in this age group. As a result, a diagnosis of anemia warrants adequate clinical attention.