Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Stress caused by defoliation can compromise the physiological quality of soybean seeds. However, there is evidence that the application of nitrogen (N) can be an alternative to reduce the qualitative losses in seeds caused by defoliating insects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of topdressing N fertilization in improving the physiological quality of soybean seeds from plants subjected to artificial defoliation. The experimental design was a randomized block arranged in a 2×4 factorial scheme with four replicates. The treatments consisted of two levels of defoliation (33 and 66%) and four doses of N (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1), using urea (45% N), applied two days after defoliation. Artificial defoliation was performed during the R3 stage by removing one (33%) and two leaflets (66%) from each trifoliate leaf under field conditions. At stage R5.1, leaf area was quantified, and after harvesting, germination, emergence, length, total dry mass, electrical conductivity, total protein content, mass of 1000 seeds, and tetrazolium (vigor and viability) tests were carried out. It was concluded that increasing the defoliation from 33 to 66% impaired the physiological quality of soybean seeds. The use of nitrogen fertilization for coverage after defoliation at the beginning of the reproductive phase cannot minimize qualitative losses in seeds.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230066

Malignant tumors affecting the head and neck region in ancient times: Comprehensive study of the CRAB Database
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AULESTIA-VIERA, Patricia Verónica

; RODRIGUES-FERNANDES, Carla Isabelly

; BRANDÃO, Thaís Bianca

; ROCHA, André Caroli

; VARGAS, Pablo Agustin

; LOPES, Marcio Ajudarte

; JOHNSON, Newell Walter

; KOWALSKI, Luiz Paulo

; RIBEIRO, Ana Carolina Prado

; SANTOS-SILVA, Alan Roger

Brazilian Oral Research

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2024, Volume 38 elocation e014

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In the modern world, cancer is a growing cause of mortality, but archeological studies have shown that it is not exclusive to modern populations. The aim of this study is to examine the epidemiologic, social, and clinicopathologic features of head and neck cancers in ancient populations. To do this, we extracted all records that described malignant lesions in the head and neck region available in the Cancer Research in Ancient Bodies Database (CRAB). The estimated age, sex, physical condition of the remains (skeletonized, mummified), anatomic location of tumors, geographic location, chronology, tumor type, and methods of tumor diagnosis were collected. One hundred and sixty-seven cases were found, mostly originating from Europe (51.5%). Most records were of adults between 35 and 49 years of age (37.7%). The most involved site was the skullcap (60.4%), and the most common malignancies were metastases to the bone (65.3%) and multiple myeloma (17.4%). No primary soft tissue malignancies were registered. The results of our study indicate that head and neck cancers were present in ancient civilizations, at least since 500,000 BCE. The available data can help to improve the current understanding of the global distribution of head and neck cancer and its multidimensional impacts on populations in the contemporary world.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0014

Sleep characteristics and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents and adults: results from the birth cohorts of three Brazilian cities — RPS Consortium
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Confortin, Susana Cararo

; Santos, Iná da Silva

; Batista, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena

; Eckeli, Alan Luiz

; Tovo-Rodrigues, Luciana

; Del-Ponte, Bianca

; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista

; Wehrmeister, Fernando César

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Cardoso, Viviane Cunha

; Barbieri, Marco Antonio

; Bettiol, Heloisa

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230027

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de duração do sono, latência, insônia terminal, qualidade subjetiva do sono e sonolência diurna excessiva entre participantes de coortes de nascimentos realizadas em três cidades brasileiras, bem como avaliar as diferenças nas taxas de prevalência das coortes de acordo com características sociodemográficas. Métodos: Análises transversais envolvendo participantes de quatro coortes de nascimento realizadas em Ribeirão Preto (RP78 e RP94), Pelotas (PEL93) e São Luís (SL97). A duração, a latência, a insônia terminal e a qualidade subjetiva do sono foram obtidas por meio do Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh; e a sonolência diurna excessiva foi avaliada pela Escala de Sonolência de Epworth. As diferenças na prevalência dos desfechos foram analisadas em cada coorte segundo características sociodemográficas estratificadas por sexo. Resultados: A duração insuficiente do sono foi o desfecho mais comum nas quatro coortes, com maior frequência entre os homens. Latência longa foi mais frequentemente relatada por mulheres adultas jovens nas coortes RP94 e PEL93, e insônia por mulheres das quatro coortes, quando comparadas a homens da mesma idade. As mulheres geralmente sofriam mais com sonolência diurna excessiva e avaliavam a qualidade do sono de forma mais negativa do que os homens. Além do sexo, ser estudante e trabalhar estiveram associados ao maior número de desfechos em ambos os sexos. Conclusão: Os distúrbios do sono são mais prevalentes em mulheres, reforçando a necessidade de maior investimento na saúde do sono no Brasil, sem desconsiderar gênero e determinantes socioeconômicos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the prevalence of insufficient sleep duration, long sleep latency, terminal or maintenance insomnia, subjective sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness among participants of birth cohorts conducted in three Brazilian cities, and to evaluate differences in prevalence rates within cohorts according to sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses involving adolescents and adults participating in four birth cohorts conducted in Ribeirão Preto (RP78 and RP94), Pelotas (PEL93) and São Luís (SL97/98). Sleep duration, latency, terminal or maintenance insomnia, and subjective sleep quality were obtained through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; and excessive daytime sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Differences in the prevalence of the outcomes were analyzed in each cohort according to sociodemographic characteristics (skin color, marital status, socioeconomic status, study and working at the time of the interview) stratified by sex. Results: Insufficient sleep duration was the most common outcome at the four cohorts, with higher frequency among men. Long latency was more frequently reported by young adult women in RP94 and PEL93 cohorts, and insomnia by women of the four cohorts, when compared to men of the same age. Women generally suffered more from excessive daytime sleepiness and evaluated the quality of their sleep more negatively than men. In addition to sex, being a student and working were associated with the largest number of outcomes in both sexes. Conclusion: Sleep disorders are more prevalent in women, reinforcing the need for greater investment in sleep health in Brazil, without disregarding gender and socioeconomic determinants.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230027

An enlarged fetal thymus may be the initial response to intrauterine inflammation in pregnant women at risk for preterm birth
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Hamamoto, Tatiana Emy Nishimoto Kawanami

; Hatanaka, Alan Roberto

; França, Marcelo Santucci

; Sarmento, Stéphanno Gomes Pereira

; Helfer, Talita Micheletti

; Nomura, Roseli Mieko Yamamoto

; Araujo Júnior, Edward

; Moron, Antonio Fernandes

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 69 Nº 5 elocation e20221678

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Fetal thymus involvement in prematurity has been studied, and this study aimed to evaluate its relationship with short cervix and amniotic fluid sludge in the second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 79 pregnant women (19+0 to 24+6 weeks) were included, and cervical length and the presence or absence of amniotic fluid sludge were evaluated. In the three-vessel view of the fetal thorax, the thymus was identified, and its perimeter and transverse diameter were measured and transformed to a zeta score based on gestational age. RESULTS: Data from 22 women with short cervix (<25 mm) and 57 patients with normal cervix (≥25 mm) were analyzed. The transverse diameter of the fetal thymus was significantly greater in the short cervix group compared to that of the normal cervix group (z-score 2.708 vs. −0.043, p=0.003). There were no significant differences in the perimeter (z-score −0.039 vs. −0.071, p=0.890) or the transverse diameter (z-score 1.297 vs. −0.004, p=0.091) of the fetal thymus associated with the presence (n=21) or absence of sludge (n=58). CONCLUSION: A short cervix is associated with an increased transverse diameter of the fetal thymus during the second trimester of gestation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20221678

Synchronous jawbone diseases: a multicenter retrospective study
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REZENDE, Diogo dos Santos da Mata

; SOUZA, Lucas Lacerda de

; UCHÔA, Daniel Cavalléro Colares

; FERNANDES, Lais Albuquerque

; LEMOS, Jeanne Gisele Rodrigues de

; SANTOS-SILVA, Alan Roger

; LOPES, Márcio Ajudarte

; ARBOLEDA, Lady Paola Aristizabal

; ROCHA, André Caroli

; GONÇALVES, Fábio Luiz Neves

; PONTES, Flávia Sirotheau Corrêa

; FONSECA, Felipe Paiva

; PONTES, Hélder Antônio Rebelo

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e011

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this study is to report an original case series of synchronous jawbone diseases. Data of patients seen over 13 years were extracted from the files of three Oral Radiology and Pathology diagnostic centers in Brazil. The clinical, radiographic, and laboratory characteristics were tabulated and analyzed by the authors; the patients were described according to lesion type. Seventy-two synchronous jawbone diseases were included in this study. Florid osseous dysplasia, Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, and cherubism were the most frequent disorders reported in this case series. In addition, the posterior mandible area was the main site of manifestation. Florid osseous dysplasia and Gorlin-Goltz syndrome represented two-thirds of our samples. With the utilization of adequate demographic, clinical, and radiologic information, it is possible to diagnose most of the synchronous lesions of jawbones. Sometimes, however, we need complementary exams, such as histopathologic and biochemical analysis or dosing of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0011

Sleep characteristics and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents and adults: results from the birth cohorts of three Brazilian cities — RPS Consortium
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Confortin, Susana Cararo

; Santos, Iná da Silva

; Batista, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena

; Eckeli, Alan Luiz

; Tovo-Rodrigues, Luciana

; Del-Ponte, Bianca

; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista

; Wehrmeister, Fernando César

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Cardoso, Viviane Cunha

; Barbieri, Marco Antonio

; Bettiol, Heloisa

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230027

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230027

Performance of potential parents for a rainfed tropical wheat breeding program
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Teixeira, Camila Helena

; Fernandes, Maiara Oliveira

; Chaves, Alan Diego do Rosário

; Almeida, Brena Kelly da Silva

; Savioli, Giovane Bruno

; Martins, Fábio Aurélio Dias

; Padua, José

; Condé, Aurinelza Batista Teixeira

; Nunes, Jose Airton Rodrigues

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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2023, Volume 23 Nº 3 elocation e45452336

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability and performance of the agronomic traits of wheat cultivars in the southern region of Minas Gerais for the purpose of choosing parents for a rainfed wheat breeding program. We evaluated 78 wheat cultivars in two locations in Minas Gerais regarding different agronomic traits. The statistical analyses were carried out using Henderson’s mixed-model approach. The genetic values of the cultivars were predicted, and the heritabilities and accuracies were estimated for selection of cultivars. The cultivar × location interaction was decomposed into its simple and complex fractions. The genetic and environmental correlations between the traits were estimated, and selection was made for multiple traits using the sum of the standardized variables (Z-index). The genetic variance was significant for all the traits, and the cultivar × location interaction was significant. By the Z-index, 15 wheat cultivars more adapted were identified.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332023v23n3a29

Contribution of public oral pathology services to the diagnosis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil
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LOUREDO, Brendo Vinicius Rodrigues

; CURADO, Maria Paula

; PENAFORT, Paulo Victor Mendes

; DE ARRUDA, José Alcides Almeida

; ABREU, Lucas Guimarães

; MESQUITA, Ricardo Alves

; PINTO-JÚNIOR, Décio dos Santos

; ABRAHÃO, Aline Corrêa

; ANDRADE, Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de

; AGOSTINI, Michelle

; MORAES, Renata Mendonça

; ANBINDER, Ana Lia

; DOURADO, Pedro Henrique Silva

; SANTOS, Teresa Cristina Ribeiro Bartholomeu dos

; PIRES, Fábio Ramoa

; BORDIGNON, Natalia Cristina Trentin

; GONDAK, Rogério Oliveira

; DE OLIVEIRA, Marcia Gaiger

; CARRARD, Vinicius Coelho

; MARTINS, Manoela Domingues

; SOUSA-NETO, Sebastião Silvério

; ARANTES, Diego Antônio Costa

; MENDONÇA, Elismauro Francisco

; CIESLAK-SANCHES, Silvia Roberta

; ANTUNES, Daniella Moraes

; AMARAL-SILVA, Gleyson Kleber do

; MANIERI, Patricia Rubia

; RAMALHO, Luciana Maria Pedreira

; DOS SANTOS, Jean Nunes

; LEONEL, Augusto César Leal da Silva

; PEREZ, Danyel Elias da Cruz

; VERHEUL, Hannah Carmem Carlos Ribeiro Silva

; BARROSO, Keila Martha Amorim

; RODRIGUES, Flávia Luiza Santos

; GONZAGA, Amanda Katarinny Goes

; FERNANDES, Romana Renery

; DE SOUZA, Lélia Batista

; SOUZA, Lucas Lacerda de

; PONTES, Flávia Sirotheau Corrêa

; PONTES, Hélder Antônio Rebelo

; SILVA, Caroline Alfaia

; CÂMARA, Jeconias

; LIBÓRIO-KIMURA, Tatiana Nayara

; SANTOS-SILVA, Alan Roger

; LOPES, Márcio Ajudarte

; ALMEIDA, Oslei Paes de

; ROMAÑACH, Mário José

; VARGAS, Pablo Agustin

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e126

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories (OMPLs) in Brazilian public universities to the diagnosis of lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A cross-sectional study was performed using biopsy records from a consortium of sixteen public OMPLs from all regions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South). Clinical and demographic data of patients diagnosed with lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCC between 2010 and 2019 were collected from the patients’ histopathological records. Of the 120,010 oral and maxillofacial biopsies (2010-2019), 6.9% (8,321 cases) were diagnosed as lip (0.8%, 951 cases), oral cavity (4.9%, 5,971 cases), and oropharyngeal (1.2%, 1,399 cases) SCCs. Most cases were from Brazil’s Southeast (64.5%), where six of the OMPLs analyzed are located. The predominant profile of patients with lip and oral cavity SCC was Caucasian men, with a mean age over 60 years, low schooling level, and a previous history of heavy tobacco consumption. In the oropharyngeal group, the majority were non-Caucasian men, with a mean age under 60 years, had a low education level, and were former/current tobacco and alcohol users. According to data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, approximately 9.9% of the total lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCCs reported over the last decade in Brazil may have been diagnosed at the OMPLs included in the current study. Therefore, this data confirms the contribution of public OMPLs with respect to the important diagnostic support they provide to the oral healthcare services extended by the Brazilian Public Health System.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0126

Efeito da temperatura e pressão nas propriedades da liga de titânio Ti-6Aℓ-4V produzida a partir da metalurgia do pó
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Silva Vieira, Ricardo Alan da

; Fonseca, Erbenia Taciane Fernandes da

; Silva Júnior, Manoel Quirino da

; Oliveira Paula, Edgley Alves de

; Silva, Fernanda Monique da

; Albuquerque, Felipe Bento de

; Souza, Joalis Barbalho de

; Rusch, Fernando

; Scatolino, Mário Vanoli

; Melo, Rafael Rodolfo de

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2023, Volume 28 Nº 3 elocation e20230196

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Were characterized microstructurally and mechanically the Ti-6Aℓ-4V alloy obtained through powder metallurgy in an uncontrolled atmosphere, varying the sintering parameters, arose. The samples were compacted in a uniaxial press at 874 MPa, 999 MPa, and 1124 MPa, and sintered without a protective atmosphere or vacuum, at 675 °C, 750 °C, and 850 °C. When sintering the material, the oxides influenced the results due to titanium’s high affinity for interstitial elements, promoting increased density and high hardness values. Based on the results, the treatment carried out at a pressure of 1124 MPa and a temperature of 750 °C showed the highest hardness in the beta phase (β), with a value of 1165.1 HV. In the alpha phase (α), the highest value was 1321.3 HV, presented by the treatment performed at a pressure of 999 MPa and a temperature of 850 °C. The high hardness values observed in the alloy are associated with the reinforcement promoted by the dissolution of Fe atoms. Materials with high hardness values use in the aerospace and biomedical industries, which always look for better mechanical resistance results, thus increasing their products’ useful life and applicability.

RESUMO Foram caracterizadas micro estruturalmente e mecanicamente a liga Ti-6Aℓ-4V obtida através da metalurgia do pó em atmosfera não controlada variando os parâmetros de sinterização. As amostras foram compactadas em uma prensa uniaxial à 874 MPa, 999 MPa e 1124 MPa, e sinterizadas sem atmosfera protetora ou vácuo, nas temperaturas de 675 °C, 750 °C e 850 °C. Ao sinterizar o material, houve influência dos óxidos nos resultados devido à alta afinidade que o titânio tem por elementos intersticiais, promovendo um aumento na densidade e elevados valores de dureza. A partir dos resultados verificou-se que o tratamento realizado na pressão de 1124 MPa e temperatura de 750 °C foi o que apontou a maior dureza na fase beta (β), sendo o valor de 1165,1 HV. Na fase alfa (α), o maior valor foi de 1321,3 HV, apresentado pelo tratamento realizado na pressão de 999 MPa e temperatura de 850 °C. Os elevados valores na dureza observados na liga estão associados ao reforço promovido pela dissolução átomos de Fe. Materiais com elevada dureza possuem uma vasta aplicação nas indústrias aeroespaciais e biomédicas, que buscam sempre por melhores resultados de resistência mecânica, aumentando assim a vida útil e a aplicabilidades de seus produtos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-rmat-2023-0196

10.

Condições organizacionais para o policiamento baseado em evidências: uma proposta a partir da literatura internacional
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Matarazzo, Gustavo

; Alcadipani, Rafael

; Fernandes, Alan

; Thomazi, Maurício de

Cadernos EBAPE.BR

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Nov 2022, Volume 20 Nº 6 Páginas 919 - 930

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

Abstract Many areas of study, particularly the field of public administration, have demonstrated how shared evidence has gained relevance in academic research. Against this backdrop, police organizations - responsible for sustaining the political order and being the body with legitimacy to use force - are characterized by supporting their decision-making processes in traditions and conventions. Faced with the various problems of legitimacy, which result in trust issues with its different audiences, the notion of evidence-based policing (EBP) has gained notoriety. Although Brazil has traditions in the field of public security studies, this debate is incipient. In this sense, this theoretical essay aims to reflect on the organizational conditions necessary for implementing EBP based on international experiences. We present a history of EBP and discuss a matrix that enables its practical application. We propose a framework regarding implementation requirements based on four fields: assessment, leadership, technology, and networks. Finally, we consider the need to centralize intelligence activities in the decision-making contexts of these organizations to establish professionalism that takes place through planning actions based on the use of science as ballast for organizations of police agencies.

Resumen La fundamentación en la evidencia compartida es un movimiento que ha cobrado fuerza en los más diversos ámbitos, especialmente en el de la administración pública. Pertenecientes a este campo, las organizaciones policiales, encargadas de mantener el orden político y legalmente autorizadas para el uso de la fuerza, se caracterizan por sustentar sus procesos decisorios en tradiciones y convenciones. Frente a los diversos problemas de legitimidad con los que se han encontrado, que derivan en problemas de confianza de los diferentes públicos con los que se relacionan, la noción de policía basada en evidencia (PBE) ha ganado notoriedad. Aunque Brasil tiene tradición en el campo de los estudios de seguridad pública, se nota que el debate aún es incipiente. En este sentido, el objetivo central de este ensayo teórico fue reflexionar sobre las condiciones organizativas necesarias para la implementación de la PBE, a partir de experiencias internacionales. Para ello, presentamos una reseña histórica de la PBE, así como discutimos una matriz que permite su aplicación práctica. Proponemos un marco de requisitos de implementación basado en cuatro campos: evaluación, liderazgo, tecnología y redes de contactos. Finalmente, consideramos la necesidad de centralizar las actividades de inteligencia en los contextos de toma de decisiones de estas organizaciones, con el fin de establecer un profesionalismo que se lleve a cabo mediante acciones de planificación basadas en el uso de la ciencia como respaldo para la organización de los cuerpos policiales.

Resumo O embasamento em evidências compartilhadas é um movimento que tem ganhado força nas mais diversas áreas, em especial no campo da administração pública. Pertencentes a esse campo, as organizações policiais, responsáveis pela sustentação da ordem política e detentoras da legitimidade para o uso da força, caracterizam-se por sustentar seus processos decisórios em tradições e convenções. Diante dos diversos problemas de legitimidade que elas têm encontrado, que resultam em questões de confiança dos diferentes públicos com os quais se relacionam, a noção de Policiamento Baseado em Evidências (PBE) tem ganhado notoriedade. Muito embora o Brasil apresente tradições no campo de estudos da segurança pública, nota-se a incipiência no debate assinalado. Nesse sentido, o objetivo central deste ensaio teórico foi refletir sobre as condições organizacionais necessárias para a implementação do PBE, com base nas experiências internacionais. Para tanto, apresentamos um histórico do PBE, bem como discutimos uma matriz que possibilita a sua aplicação prática. Propomos um quadro a respeito das exigências à implementação fundamentado em quatro campos: avaliação, liderança, tecnologia e redes de contatos. Finalmente, consideramos a necessidade de centralização das atividades de inteligência nos contextos de tomada de decisão dessas organizações, a fim de constituir um profissionalismo que se dê por meio de ações de planejamento fundamentadas no uso da ciência como lastro para a organização das agências policiais.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120220013

11.

BIOMARCADORES MOLECULARES DE DOENÇAS HUMANAS: CONCEITOS FUNDAMENTAIS, MODELOS DE ESTUDO E APLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS
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Zamora-Obando, Hans R.

; Godoy, Adriana T.

; Amaral, Alan G.

; Mesquita, Alessandra de S.

; Simões, Bruna Eduarda S.

; Reis, Heloise O.

; Rocha, Isabela

; Dallaqua, Matheus

; Baptistão, Mariana

; Fernandes, Milena Cristina V.

; Lima, Monica F.

; Simionato, Ana Valéria C.

Química Nova

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Set 2022, Volume 45 Nº 9 Páginas 1098 - 1113

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

Molecular biomarkers correspond to all endogenous or exogenous biomolecules, whose presence or alteration in metabolic pathways indicate the response of a biological system to a disturbance caused by internal or external factors. The search for biomarkers has allowed deepening the knowledge of complex pathophysiological mechanisms of diseases, interactions with potential drugs, and the improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic tests, establishing itself as a central point in personalized medicine. In addition, the development of the omics sciences has fostered an increasing exploration in this field of research. This review presents essential and relevant concepts in biomarker research, explores the various definitions and classifications of biomarkers according to their purpose, the critical aspects to be considered in experimental design, the primary employed study models (in vivo, in vitro, and in silico) and the factors that have hindered their ultimate implementation. Finally, important, and current clinical and pharmacological research areas in which biomarker research play a central role are presented.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170905

12.

[SciELO Preprints] - PODCAST AS EDUCATIONAL TOOL IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
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Rodrigues, Caio Henrique Pinke Ferreira-Júnior, Angelo Alves Cintra, Álefe Saloum Luiz, Alan Vinícius Assunção Fernandes, Ana Paula Morais Bruni, Aline Thais Nascimento, Ana Carolina Dalbó do

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Data de publicação: 2022-04-14

Resumo: En Pt

In this work, the objective was to identify podcasts applied to education or that could be used for this purpose, that had the COVID-19 pandemic as a central theme or that encompassed the subject in their contents, in order to suggest the use of this tool as a methodology complement in the teaching-learning process. 36 podcasts were identified and evaluated according to the proposed taxonomy. Of these, 19 made up the final sample. It was observed that the contents covered different levels of education, which demonstrates potential application in the face of new educational challenges. Nevertheless, podcasts cross different areas of knowledge, allowing for more effective interdisciplinarity. It is thus understood that podcasts can be used at different times and with different teaching methodologies. In addition, the tool enables the inclusion of different peculiarities in the teaching-learning process and makes the pedagogical process plural.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se identificar podcasts aplicados à educação ou que pudessem ser utilizados com esta finalidade, que tivessem a pandemia da COVID-19 como temática central ou que englobassem o assunto em seus conteúdos, com vistas a sugerir o uso desta ferramenta como metodologia complementar no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Foram identificados e avaliados 36 podcasts conforme a taxonomia proposta. Destes, 19 compuseram a amostra final. Observou-se que os conteúdos abrangiam diversos níveis de ensino, o que demonstra potencial aplicação frente aos novos desafios educacionais. Não obstante, os podcasts atravessam diferentes áreas do conhecimento permitindo uma interdisciplinaridade mais efetiva. Entende-se assim que os podcasts podem ser utilizados em diferentes momentos e com diferentes metodologias de ensino. Além disso, a ferramenta possibilita a inclusão de diferentes peculiaridades no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e torna o processo pedagógico plural.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.3943

13.

A nova lei de licitações como promotora da maldição do vencedor
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Signor, Regis

; Marchiori, Fernanda Fernandes

; Raupp, Alexandre Bacellar

; Magro, Rafael Rubin

; Lopes, Alan de Oliveira

Revista de Administração Pública

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Fev 2022, Volume 56 Nº 1 Páginas 176 - 190

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Evitar sobrepreços e preços manifestamente inexequíveis são dois objetivos principais da recém-promulgada Lei nº 14.133, de 1º de abril de 2021. O presente artigo demonstra que, ao tentar alcançar o primeiro objetivo, a nova lei de licitações promove o segundo, pois um comando específico tende a reduzir os preços até congelá-los nos menores valores possíveis, conduzindo os contratados à maldição do vencedor. Alerta-se os agentes públicos sobre o fato de que a manutenção desse comando levará a descumprimentos generalizados de contratos e a uma eventual falência de competidores. O método Monte Carlo é utilizado para demonstrar que um mecanismo abrangente de pesquisa de preços evitará o problema e garantirá o efeito pretendido pela lei.

Abstract Avoiding overpricing and irresponsible pricing are two central objectives of the recently enacted Law 14133/2021. This article shows that when trying to achieve the first objective, the new Brazilian public procurement law promotes the second, since a specific command reduces maximum prices until they freeze to the lowest possible values, leading the contractors to the winner’s curse. Public officials are warned that maintaining this command will lead to widespread breaches of contracts and eventual bankruptcy of contractors. The Monte Carlo method is adopted to show that a comprehensive price database will avoid the problem and guarantee the effect intended by the law.

Resumen Evitar los sobreprecios y los precios manifiestamente inviables son dos de los principales objetivos de la recién promulgada Ley 14.133/2021 de Brasil. Este artículo demuestra que, al intentar lograr el primer objetivo, la nueva ley de licitaciones promueve el segundo, ya que un comando específico tiende a reducir los precios hasta congelarlos a los valores más bajos practicables, llevando a los contratados a la maldición del ganador. Se advierte a los funcionarios públicos que mantener este comando conducirá a incumplimientos generalizados de contratos y eventual quiebra de los competidores. Se utiliza el método Monte Carlo para demostrar que un mecanismo integral de investigación de precios evitará el problema y garantizará el efecto buscado por la ley.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220210133

14.

The need for communication between clinicians and pathologists in the context of oral and maxillofacial diseases
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PÉREZ-DE-OLIVEIRA, Maria Eduarda

; HEERDEN, Willie van

; MOTTA, Ana Carolina Fragoso

; RODRIGUES-FERNANDES, Carla Isabelly

; ROMAÑACH, Mário José

; AGOSTINI, Michelle

; GUEIROS, Luiz Alcino Monteiro

; VARGAS, Pablo Agustin

; LOPES, Márcio Ajudarte

; RIBEIRO, Ana Carolina Prado

; BRANDÃO, Thaís Bianca

; ALMEIDA, Oslei Paes de

; KHURRAM, Syed Ali

; SANTOS-SILVA, Alan Roger

Brazilian Oral Research

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e008

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Good communication between clinicians and pathologists is a vital element in the diagnostic process, and poor communication can adversely affect patient care. There is a lack of research about communication in diagnostic oral and maxillofacial pathology. This narrative review explores different aspects of the quality of communication between clinicians and oral pathologists, with a focus on the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases. An electronic search was carried out in MEDLINE through the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases up to April 2021. No studies reporting communication, its adequacy or the required skills between clinicians and pathologists in oral diagnosis were found. According to studies published in medicine, strategies for improving communication skills include clinician-pathologist collaboration; a well-formatted, clear and thorough report; training in communication skills; and patient-centered care. Further studies evaluating the current practices and quality in oral and maxillofacial pathology are required to identify barriers and encourage optimal communication to facilitate diagnosis, as well as patient safety.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0008

15.

Burnout syndrome and resilience in medical students from a Brazilian public college in Salvador, Brazil
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Dias, Alan Roger

; Fernandes, Santiago Mozart

; Fialho-Silva, Ivã

; Cerqueira-Silva, Thiago

; Miranda-Scippa, Ângela

; Galvão-de Almeida, Amanda

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2022, Volume 44 elocation e20200187

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Burnout syndrome is highly prevalent among medical students. Whereas burnout syndrome has been associated with negative outcomes, like suicidal ideation, protective factors are still unknown. Objective To evaluate if there is an association between burnout syndrome and resilience in medical students, assessing covariates such as depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and religiosity. Method This cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 209 students from a medical school in Brazil. Burnout syndrome was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Student Survey. Potential protective factors and aggravators to burnout syndrome were investigated using appropriate scales. Results Fifty-nine students (28.2%) presented burnout. Multivariate analysis showed that resilience was a protective factor (p < 0.001), along with being older, married or having better academic performance. Depressive symptoms were positively associated with burnout. Religiosity was not a protective factor and suicidal ideation was not associated with burnout when adjusted for depressive symptoms. Conclusion Burnout is frequent among medical students, impacting mental health and academic performance. Resilience seems to be a protective factor, and the relationship between burnout and suicidal ideation is possibly mediated by depressive symptoms. Prospective studies are needed to further investigate the associations found in this study.

https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0187

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