Abstract Sodium alendronate is a bisphosphonate drug that exerts antiresorptive action and is used to treat osteoporosis. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone repair process at the bone/implant interface of osteoporotic rats treated with sodium alendronate through the analysis of microtomography, real time polymerase chain reactions and immunohistochemistry (RUNX2 protein, bone sialoprotein (BSP), alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin and osteocalcin). Material and Methods A total of 42 rats were used and divided in to the following experimental groups: CTL: control group (rats submitted to fictitious surgery and fed with a balanced diet), OST: osteoporosis group (rats submitted to a bilateral ovariectomy and fed with a low calcium diet) and ALE: alendronate group (rats submitted to a bilateral ovariectomy, fed with a low calcium diet and treated with sodium alendronate). A surface treated implant was installed in both tibial metaphyses of each rat. Euthanasia of the animals was conducted at 14 (immunhostochemistry) and 42 days (immunohistochemistry, micro CT and PCR). Data were subjected to statistical analysis with a 5% significance level. Results Bone volume (BV) and total pore volume were higher for ALE group (P<0.05). Molecular data for RUNX2 and BSP proteins were significantly expressed in the ALE group (P<0.05), in comparison with the other groups. ALP expression was higher in the CTL group (P<0.05). The immunostaining for RUNX2 and osteopontin was positive in the osteoblastic lineage cells of neoformed bone for the CTL and ALE groups in both periods (14 and 42 days). Alkaline phosphatase presented a lower staining area in the OST group compared to the CTL in both periods and the ALE at 42 days. Conclusion There was a decrease of osteocalcin precipitation at 42 days for the ALE and OST groups. Therefore, treatment with short-term sodium alendronate improved bone repair around the implants installed in the tibia of osteoporotic rats.

In 2005, odontogenic cyst was classified as keratocyst odontogenic tumor due to being aggressive and recurrent. The keratocyst odontogenic tumor has characteristics, with slow development, does not cause metastases and provides great bone destruction. The aim of this study was to discuss the aspects regarding the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of odontogenic keratocyst tumor, through the report of two cases. Both initially underwent decompression of the lesion present proximity of anatomical structures to be great and noble, aiming to prevent pathological fractures. We carried out the clinical-radiographic and after regression of the lesion, patients underwent enucleation total.

El año 2005 quiste odontogénico fue clasificado como un tumor queratoquiste odontogénico (TQO) debido a su agresividad y recurrencia. El TQO tiene las características del tumor: crecimiento lento, no causa metástasis y proporciona una gran destrucción ósea. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar los aspectos relacionados con el diagnóstico, pronóstico y tratamiento del TQO mediante la presentación de dos casos. Ambos casos fueron inicialmente sometidos a descompresión debido al gran tamaño de la lesión y la proximidad de ésta con estructuras anatómicas importantes, con el objetivo de prevenir las fracturas patológicas. Se llevó a cabo un seguimiento clínico-radiográfico y después de tener una regresión de la lesión postdescompresión, los pacientes fueron sometidos la enucleación total.

Calvaria grafts provide good bone quantity for the reconstruction of the atrophic maxilla, and have lower morbidity and resorption rates when compared to iliac crest. The aim of this paper is to present the technique for obtaining a graft of the skull. Initially, the depth of the osteotomy is determined by a manually conducted bur, which establishes the limits of the structures of the skull (outer table, diploe and inner table), making the removal of bone blocks easier and safer. Thus, osteotomies of the blocks are made with greater security, avoiding the complications inherent to surgical technique. The case that will be presented it is from a male patient of 65 years who refused to submit to the iliac crest graft, opting for the calvaria, despite being bald, that is a contraindication for this treatment modality. A delicate suture associated with placement of titanium mesh to maintain the conformation of the patient's skull in the region of the bone defect, created after removal of the graft, provided a good cosmetic result at the donor site. The use of titanium mesh for re-anatomization of bone defects created in the grafts is well indicated for bald patients.

Los injertos de calvaria proporcionan una buena cantidad de hueso para la reconstrucción del maxilar atrófico, y tienen menores tasas de morbilidad y reabsorción en comparación con la cresta ilíaca. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la técnica para la obtención de un injerto del cráneo. Inicialmente, la profundidad de la osteotomía se determina mediante una fresa manualmente, lo que establece los límites de las estructuras del cráneo (tabla externa, diploe y tabla interna), lo que hace la eliminación de bloques óseos más fácil y segura. Por lo tanto, las osteotomías de los bloques se hacen con mayor seguridad, evitando las complicaciones inherentes a la técnica quirúrgica. Se presenta el caso de un paciente hombre de 65 años que se negó a ser sometido a injerto de cresta ilíaca, optando por la bóveda craneal, a pesar de ser calvo, que es una contraindicación para esta modalidad de tratamiento. Una sutura cuidadosa asociada con la colocación de malla de titanio para mantener la conformación del cráneo del paciente en la región del defecto óseo creado después de obtención del injerto, deja un buen resultado cosmético en el sitio donante. El uso de malla de titanio para la re-anatomización de defectos óseos creados en los injertos está bien indicada para pacientes calvos.

INTRODUÇÃO: o ensaio em modelos de gesso tem grande importância para o planejamento em cirurgia ortognática. OBJETIVO: neste artigo, será apresentado, passo-a-passo, uma técnica de cirurgia de modelos iniciando pela mandíbula, destacando aspectos importantes e as vantagens deste procedimento.

INTRODUCTION: The cast surgery has great importance in orthognatic surgery treatment planning. AIM: In this article, a step by step lower model surgery will be presented, emphasizing important details and advantages of this procedure.

A capacidade de um pool de proteínas morfogenéticas bovinas ligada a hidroxiapatita sintética absorvível microgranular (BMPb-HA) em estimular a reparação óssea foi avaliada em defeito de tamanho crítico em calvária de rato. Defeitos de 8 mm diâmetro foi produzido na calvária de 25 ratos, sendo 15 preenchidos com BMPb-HA homogeinizado com sangue (grupo experimental) e 10 somente com coágulo sanguíneo (grupo controle). As calvárias dos animais do grupo experimental foram coletadas 1, 3 e 6 meses após as cirurgias e as do grupo controle, ao término da cirurgia e após 6 meses. Os resultados morfométricos obtidos nas imagens radiográficas apresentou ausência de formação óssea nos períodos de 1 e 3 meses e, histologicamente os defeitos estavam preenchidos por tecido conjuntivo fibroso e inúmeros focos de reação granulomatosa, tipo corpo estranho, ao redor de aglomerados de hidroxiapatita. Ao final de 6 meses, os focos de reação granulomatosa diminuiu em número e tamanho e os defeitos diminuíram a sua área em 22% em relação ao controle 0 hora, devido a neoformação óssea nas suas bordas, mas apresentaram área semelhante ao controle 6 meses. Concluímos que a utilização de BMPb-HA no tratamento de defeitos ósseos cranianos em ratos, promove a formação de reação granulomatosa tipo corpo estranho que inibe profundamente a neoformação óssea, sugerindo que a hidroxiapatita sintética microgranular não é um bom carreador para as BMPs expressarem o seu potencial indutor.

The ability of a pool of bovine bone morphogenetic proteins bound to synthetic microgranular hydroxyapatite (BMPb-HA) to stimulate bone repair was determined in rat critical size defects. An 8-mm diameter defect was created in the calvaria of 25 rats. In 15 rats, the defects were filled with BMPb-HA homogenized with blood (experimental group), and in 10 rats the defects were filled only with blood clots (control). The calvariae of experimental rats were collected 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery and of the control rats at the end of surgery and 6 months thereafter. The morphometric results obtained in the radiographs showed an absence of new bone formation at 1 and 3 months post-surgery and, histologically, the defects were filled with fibrous connective tissue and numerous foci of a foreign body-type granulomatous reaction around hydroxyapatite agglomerates. At the end of 6 months, the number and size of the granulomatous foci decreased and the area of the defects was reduced by 22% compared to the 0-hour control due to the formation of new bone at their borders, although the mean area was similar to the 6-month control. We conclude that the use of BMPb-HA in the treatment of critical size bone defects of the rat skull leads to the formation of a foreign body-type granulomatous reaction that markedly inhibits new bone formation, suggesting that synthetic microgranular hydroxyapatite does not represent a good carrier for BMP-induced bone formation.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar os possíveis efeitos físicos e/ou alelopáticos da adubação verde no manejo de plantas invasoras nas culturas posteriores de alface-americana e de repolho, visando à conversão para o sistema orgânico de cultivo. O experimento foi instalado no Setor de Olericultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), em Lavras MG, no período de dezembro de 2001 a agosto de 2002. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4x2, com 3 repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelas leguminosas mucuna-preta (Stizolobium aterrimum, Piper e Tracy), feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformes DC), crotalária juncea (Crotalaria juncea L.)e pela testemunha (vegetação espontânea) e o segundo fator, pelas culturas de alface-americana Raider e repolho Kenzan . A parcela experimental teve a dimensão de 4 x 3 m. Pelos resultados obtidos, nas condições em que foi desenvolvido o trabalho, pode-se concluir que as espécies utilizadas mostraram-se eficientes no controle de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.), especialmente a mucuna-preta e o feijão-de-porco, possivelmente por efeito alelopático, e o cultivo de repolho proporcionou maior redução da infestação de tiririca do que o de alface-americana.

The objective of this work was to verify allelopathical and physical effects of black velvet bean (Stizolobium aterrimum Piper e Tracy), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformes DC) and sunnhep (Crotalaria juncea L.) on the development of the weeds in American Lettuce and Cabbage crops. The experiment was performed at the Vegetables Sector of Universidade Federal de Lavras, in Lavras MG, from December 2001 to August 2002. The experimental design used was random blocks in the 4 x 2 factorial scheme with 3 repetitions. One factor consisted of the three leguminous, black velvet bean, jack bean and sunnhep, and the control (spontaneous vegetation); the other factor consisted of the cultures of Lettuce ( Raider cultivar) and Cabbage ( Kenzan cultivar). The results showed that the black velvet bean and jack bean controlled the sedge and the cabbage cultivation reduced the sedge infestation.