RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou investigar os efeitos de uma formulação em gel da associação da Plectranthus neochilus e da Cnidoscolus quercifolius no processo de reparação tecidual em feridas cutâneas de ratos. Foi induzida uma ferida cirúrgica em 35 ratos Wistar, sendo tratadas de acordo com os grupos: G1 - fitoterápico comercial; G2 - gel de carbopol 1%; G3, G4 e G5 - formulação gel boldo-gambá mais favela (FGBF) 2,5%, 5% e 10%, respectivamente. Aplicou-se 1mL do produto, via tópica, diariamente, durante 14 dias. Na avaliação macroscópica das feridas, verificou-se inflamação, granulação e epitelização em todos os grupos. O grupo FGBF 2,5% apresentou maior potencial angiogênico. Houve diferença significativa entre as áreas cirúrgicas das feridas tratadas com os FGBF 2,5%, 5% ou 10%, comparados ao grupo com o gel fitoterápico comercial. Na histomorfometria da pele, observou-se reepitelização da epiderme e da derme superficial, fibras colágenas longitudinais, fibroblastos e vasos sanguíneos e, na derme profunda, fibroblastos, fibras colágenas transversais e longitudinais, vasos sanguíneos e células inflamatórias. A formulação a 2,5% teve o maior aumento na proliferação de fibroblastos e mais intensa colagenização no dia 14 de tratamento.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a gel formulation from the association of Plectranthus neochilus and Cnidoscolus quercifolius on tissue repair in cutaneous wounds in rats. A surgical wound was induced in 35 Wistar rats and treated according to group: G1 - commercial phytotherapeutic gel; G2 - Carbopol gel 1%; G3, 4, 5 - gel formulation from Boldo-gambá and Favela (FGBF) at 2.5%, 5%, and 10%, respectively. 1ml of the product was applied topically daily, for 14 days. Macroscopic evaluation of the wound showed inflammation, granulation, and epithelization in all groups. The FGBF 2.5% group showed greater angiogenic potential. There was a significant difference between the surgical area of the wounds treated with FGBF 2.5%, 5%, or 10% compared to the group with the commercial phytotherapeutic gel. On histomorphometry of the skin, there were reepithelization of the epidermis and superficial dermis, longitudinal collagen fibers, fibroblasts, and blood vessels, and in the deeper dermis, fibroblasts, transverse and longitudinal collagen fibers, blood vessels, and inflammatory cells. The 2.5% formulation had the greatest increase in fibroblast proliferation and most intense collagenization on day 14 of treatment.

The objective of this work was to assess the effect of the different inclusion levels of residue from extraction of propolis in the ruminant diet, using the digestibility and gas production measures. Were evaluated five inclusion levels of brown propolis about the in vitro nutrient digestibility with 72 hours of the incubation (with and without pepsin, considered ruminal and total rumination, respectively), and in vitro gas production. Tifton hay (Cynodon) was utilized as substrate and the concentrate was made from the soybean meal and corn, with relation roughage:concentrate around 50:50, based on dry matter. Two ruminal inoculums (from cattle and sheep) were utilized. The treatments were distributed in completely randomized design, with inclusion of the four levels of residue from extraction of propolis (5,10,15 and 20 g/kg DM). The inclusion of residue from extraction of propolis had effect on in vitro ruminal digestibility for dry matter and neutral detergent fiber, and total digestibility in vitro had significative diference for dry matter digestibility, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. The best level of inclusion for total digestibility in vitro is 13.88 g of residue from extraction of propolis/kg DM. While for gas production, the best level in vitro of residue from extraction of propolis for cattle was 8.52 g/kg DM and for sheep was 5.53 g/kg DM.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de inclusão do resíduo da extração de própolis marrom na dieta de ruminantes, por meio de medidas de digestibilidade e produção de gás. Foram avaliados cinco níveis de inclusão da própolis marrom sobre a digestibilidade in vitro dos nutrientes, sob incubação de 72 horas (sem e com pepsina, consideradas digestão ruminal e total, respectivamente), e produção de gás in vitro. Como substrato foi utilizado feno de capim Tifton (Cynodon) e concentrado à base de farelo de soja e milho moído, com relação volumoso concentrado de 50:50, com base na matéria seca. Dois inóculos ruminais (oriundos de bovinos e ovinos) foram utilizados. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com inclusão de 4 níveis de resíduo da extração de própolis marrom (5, 10, 15 e 20 g de resíduo/kg MS). O resíduo da extração de própolis apresentou efeito sobre a digestibilidade ruminal in vitro da matéria seca e fibra em detergente neutro, e a digestibilidade total in vitro também apresentou diferença significativa para digestibilidade da matéria seca, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido. O melhor nível de inclusão para digestibilidade total in vitro de 13,88 g de resíduo do extrato de própolis/kg MS. Enquanto que para a produção de gás, o melhor nível de inclusão in vitro do resíduo da extração de própolis para bovinos foi de 8,52 g/kg MS e para ovinos foi 5,53 g/kg MS.

The antibacterial potential of leaf's essential oil (EO) from Brazilian pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) against staphylococcal isolates from dogs with otitis externa was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration of EO ranged from 78.1 to 1,250 fg/mL. The oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS and cytotoxicity tests were carried out with laboratory animals.

We have examined the role of cell surface glycosaminoglycans in cell division: adhesion and proliferation of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. We used both wild-type (CHO-K1) cells and a mutant (CHO-745) which is deficient in the synthesis of proteoglycans due to lack of activity of xylosyl transferase. Using different amounts of wild-type and mutant cells, little adhesion was observed in the presence of laminin and type I collagen. However, when fibronectin or vitronectin was used as substrate, there was an enhancement in the adhesion of wild-type and mutant cells. Only CHO-K1 cells showed a time-dependent adhesion on type IV collagen. These results suggest that the two cell lines present different adhesive profiles. Several lines of experimental evidence suggest that heparan sulfate proteoglycans play a role in cell adhesion as positive modulators of cell proliferation and as key participants in the process of cell division. Proliferation and cell cycle assays clearly demonstrate that a decrease in the amount of glycosaminoglycans does not inhibit the proliferation of mutant CHO-745 cells when compared to the wild type CHO-K1, in agreement with the findings that both CHO-K1 and CHO-745 cells take 8 h to enter the S phase.

Utilizaram-se 40 cães clinicamente sadios com o objetivo de avaliar histologicamente o efeito da hidroxiapatita sintética pura (HAP-91), da HAP-91 associada ao colágeno (COL.HAP-91) e da HAP-91 associada ao lipossoma (INT.HAP-91) como substitutos ósseos em defeitos provocados na tíbia dos animais. Após protocolo anestésico, o procedimento cirúrgico constou de incisão na face medial e no terço proximal da tíbia esquerda, com retirada de um fragmento ósseo com cerca de 10 × 6mm de tamanho. Os animais foram separados em quatro grupos de 10 cada. No grupo 1 a falha óssea foi preenchida com HAP-91, no grupo 2 com COL.HAP-91 e no grupo 3 com INT.HAP-91. O grupo quatro não recebeu tratamento. Dois animais de cada grupo foram sacrificados nos dias 8, 30, 60, 120 e 180 de pós-operatório para coleta de material para histopatologia. Aos oito dias observou-se neoformação óssea no grupo-controle e ao redor do implante nos grupos tratados com HAP-91 e INT.HAP-91. Aos 30 dias, notou-se preenchimento do defeito nos mesmos grupos, fato não observado no grupo COL.HAP-91. Conclui-se que a cicatrização óssea ocorreu nos grupos controle e tratados com HAP- 91 e INT.HAP-91, mais precoce neste último grupo. Nos animais tratados com COL.HAP-91 não houve cicatrização completa.

The objective of this work was to evaluate histologically the synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP-91), associated to collagen (COL.HAP-91) and associated to liposome (INT.HAP-91), as bone substitutes. Fourty clinically healthy dogs were studied. After a conventional anaesthesic protocol, the surgical procedure consisted of skin incision on medial surface in the left tibial third middle. A bone fragment of 10 × 6mm in size was retreated in all animals, which were divided into four groups with 10 animals each. Group one was treated with HAP-91, group two with COL.HAP-91, group three with INT.HAP-91, group four did not receive any treatment and was used as a control. Histological material was collected after humane sacrifice of two animals from each group in 8, 30, 60, 120 180 days after surgery. By the 8th day, bone neoformation in control group and around the implant in groups treated with HAP-91 and INT.HAP-91 was observed. On the 30th day, the defect was filled up completely in the same groups, result which was not observed in COL.HAP-91 group. Bone repair was complete in control group, HAP-91 group and INT.HAP-91 group (most premature), but in animals treated with COL.HAP-91 complete regeneration was not observed.

Fucans, a family of sulfated polysaccharides present in brown seaweed, have several biological activities. Their use as drugs would offer the advantage of no potential risk of contamination with viruses or particles such as prions. A fucan prepared from Spatoglossum schröederi was tested as a possible inhibitor of cell-matrix interactions using wild-type Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) and the mutant type deficient in xylosyltransferase (CHO-745). The effect of this polymer on adhesion properties with specific extracellular matrix components was studied using several matrix proteins as substrates for cell attachment. Treatment with the polymer inhibited the adhesion of fibronectin to both CHO-K1 (2 x 10(5))()and CHO-745 (2 x 10(5) and 5 x 10(5)) cells. No effect was detected with laminin, using the two cell types. On the other hand, adhesion to vitronectin was inhibited in CHO-K1 cells and adhesion to type I collagen was inhibited in CHO-745 cells. In spite of this inhibition, the fucan did not affect either cell proliferation or cell cycle. These results demonstrate that this polymer is a new anti-adhesive compound with potential pharmacological applications.