Pesquisa | SciELO

Resumo Relatos da medicina popular costumam atuar como referencial para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos a partir de moléculas naturais com ações terapêuticas para doenças de alta gravidade e prevalência como o câncer. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. é uma espécie da família Bromeliaceae, considerada uma planta alimentícia não convencional (PANC), encontrada nas regiões sul e centro-oeste do Brasil. Apesar do alto teor nutritivo e potencial farmacológico de seus frutos, poucos estudos científicos relatam suas ações biológicas. Desta forma, este estudo avalia o perfil fitoquímico de extratos aquoso e etanólico obtidos de frutos de B. antiacantha, bem como a sua possível ação antioxidante, antitumoral e citotóxica. O extrato aquoso apresentou compostos fenólicos e flavonoides, enquanto os extratos etanólicos apontam a presença de flavonóides e cumarina em sua composição, independente da região de coleta. O extrato etanólico demonstrou efeito antioxidante mais promissor do que o extrato aquoso e também induziu uma inibição significativa na viabilidade de células humanas de câncer cervical da linhagem SiHa. Além disso, o tratamento com ambos extratos não alterou a viabilidade de células não tumorais da linhagem de queratinócitos humanos imortalizados (HaCaT). Estes dados trazem novas informações sobre extratos obtidos de uma espécie vegetal nativa, comestível e já utilizada tradicionalmente, mas abrindo novas perspectivas quanto a possíveis aplicações terapêuticas.

Abstract Reports from popular medicine usually act as a basis for the development of new drugs from natural compounds with therapeutic actions for serious diseases and prevalence such as cancer. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. is a species of the Bromeliaceae family, considered an unconventional food plant, found in the south and midwest regions of Brazil. Despite the high nutritional content and pharmacological potential of its fruits, few scientific studies report its biological actions. Thus, this study evaluates the phytochemical profile of aqueous and ethanol extracts obtained from B. antiacantha fruits, as well as their possible antioxidant, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. The aqueous extract exhibited phenolic compounds and flavonoids, while ethanol extracts indicated the presence of flavonoids and coumarin in their composition, regardless of the region of collection. The ethanolic extract demonstrated a more promising antioxidant effect than the aqueous extract and also induced a significant inhibition in the viability of human cervical cancer cells of the SiHa strain. In addition, treatment with both extracts did not alter the viability of non-tumor cells of the immortalized human keratinocyte lineage (HaCaT). These results bring new data about extracts obtained from a native plant, edible and traditionally used in popular medicine, opening new perspectives for its possible therapeutic application.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.255529

Revisiting the orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis
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Anselmo-Lima, Wilma T.

; Soares, Mateus R.

; Fonseca, Jefferson P.

; Garcia, Denny M.

; Cruz, Antonio A. Velasco e

; Tamashiro, Edwin

; Valera, Fabiana CP.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Out 2023, Volume 89 Nº 5 elocation 101316

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: The present study revisited three classification systems of orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) (Chandler, Mortimore & Wormald, and Velasco e Cruz & Anselmo-Lima) and observed which of them presented the best clinical applicability. Methods: Clinical data and CT scan findings of patients with orbital infection were retrospectively collected. To compare the three classification systems, we revised and graded all CT images accordingly, and divided the patients into four groups: Eyelid cellulitis (EC), orbital cellulitis (OC), subperiosteal abscess (SA), and orbital abscess (OA). The groups were compared regarding the presence of sinus opacification, the need for hospitalization and/or surgical treatment, and the presence of further complications/sequelae. Results: 143 patients were included. The median number of sinuses involved in patients in the OC, SA, and OA groups was 2.0. ARS was rarely associated with signs of EC (present in both Chandler’s and Mortimore & Wormald’s classifications. The hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the EC group compared to the other three groups. Surgery was performed in all cases in the OA group, in 58.1% in the SA group, 19.4% in the OC group, and 12.5% in the EC group (p-value < 0.0001 ). Complications were present at higher rates in the OA group compared to the other three groups. Conclusions: ARS was rarely associated with Eyelid Cellulitis. The stratification in the other three groups showed to be clinically relevant. Velasco e Cruz & Anselmo-Lima's classification system proved valid, simple, and effective for categorizing orbital complications of ARS. Level of evidence: 3.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101316

Necrosis pancreática infectada: tratamiento solo con antibióticos. ¿Sería el primer paso del step-up approach?
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Obeid, Jorge A.

; Brosutti, Oscar D.

; Garcia Calcaterra, Emilio M.

; Cian, María S.

; García, Maximiliano F.

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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Ago 2023, Volume 83 Nº 3 Páginas 394 - 401

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: En 1994, Claudio Bassi relató un caso de tratamiento médico de la necrosis pancreática infec tada (NPI); luego desde 1996 se publicaron numerosos artículos de serie de casos con tratamiento solo con antibióticos con buenos resultados. Objetivos: Presentar nuestra experiencia en el manejo de la necrosis pancreática infectada con antibióticos (sin drenaje). Métodos: Revisamos retrospectivamente los pacientes con diagnóstico de NPI desde enero de 2018 a octubre del 2020, enfocándonos en aquellos casos que se trata ron de forma conservadora (soporte hidroelectrolítico, nutricional y antibióticos). El diagnóstico se realizó ob servando gas en el retroperitoneo por TC asociado o no a deterioro clínico del paciente con necrosis pancreática sin otro foco. No se realizó punción aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF). Resultados: Identificamos 25 pacientes con diag nóstico de NPI. Once fueron tratados de forma conser vadora. Según la clasificación de Atlanta, modificada en 2012, 3 casos fueron clasificados de forma grave y el resto moderadamente grave. Todos recibieron antibióticos al menos durante 3 semanas. Ninguno requirió nutrición parenteral. El promedio de estan cia hospitalaria fue de 38 días. Tres pacientes fueron readmitidos. A 8 se les realizó colecistectomía luego de haber resuelto el cuadro; los restantes ya estaban colecistectomizados. No hubo muertes en esta serie. Conclusiones: La NPI puede ser tratada de forma con servadora sin drenaje con buenos resultados en casos seleccionados.

Abstract Introduction: In 1994, Claudio Bassi reported a case of medical treatment for infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN); then since 1996 numerous articles of case series were published with treatment only with antibiotics with good outcomes. Objectives: To present our experience in the mana gement of patients with IPN with antibiotics (without drainage). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases with a diagnosis of IPN from January 2018 to October 2020, focusing on those cases that were treated conservatively (hydro-electrolyte, nutritional support and antibiotics). The diagnosis was made by observing gas in the re troperitoneum by CT or by clinical deterioration of the patient with pancreatic necrosis without another focus. Fine needle aspiration was not performed. Results: We identified 25 patients with a diagnosis of IPN; eleven were treated conservatively. According to Atlanta, modified in 2012, 3 were classified severely and the rest moderately severe. All received antibiotics for at least 3 weeks. None required parenteral nutrition. The mean hospital stay was 38 days. Three patients were readmitted. 8 underwent cholecystectomy after having resolved the condition; the rest were already cholecys tectomized. There were no deaths in this series. Conclusions: IPN can be treated conservatively without drainage with good results in selected cases.

The use of seawater in copper hydrometallurgical processing in Chile: A review
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Astudillo, Á.

; Garcia, M.

; Quezada, V.

; Valásquez, L.

Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

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Jul 2023, Volume 123 Nº 7 Páginas 357 - 364

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Seawater has become a viable alternative for different uses in copper hydrometallurgy. In this paper we review the main physical and chemical characteristics of seawater and how these influence copper production. Reliable data on the use of continental water are reported, and the current use and consumption of seawater in the Chilean mining industry is analysed, indicating the main areas of use and the main problems encountered. Additionally, the influence of the elements in seawaterthat have the most influence on the extractive metallurgy of copper are considered. The Chilean copper mining industry currently consumes approximately 4.1 m³/s of seawater, which corresponds to 25% of the total water used. The use of seawater for the leaching of copper sulphide minerals, such as chalcopyrite, is beneficial because it provides 20 g/L of chloride, thereby improving copper dissolution kinetics.

https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/2445/2023

Nectarine Coated with Biopolymeric Nanocapsules Containing Eugenol to Control Brown Rot
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Jacumazo, Joslaine

; Parchen, Gabriela P.

; Garcia, Meira J. B.

; Santos, Nayana C. S.

; Mio, Louise L. M. De

; Marques, Francisco A.

; Freitas, Rilton A. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2023, Volume 34 Nº 7 Páginas 1030 - 1039

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Infections in fruits caused by fungi reduce the quantity and quality of food for human consumption, in addition to causing economic losses. In this sense, this study aimed to address the effects of eugenol nanocapsules (NCs) based on chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose in protecting nectarines against Monilinia fructicola, a brown rot agent, a worldwide important disease. NCs were prepared by layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly starting from an anionic template and deposition with up to two polymeric layers. The hydrodynamic diameters ranged from 158 nm (nanoemulsion), 360 nm (one polymeric layer) to 398 nm (two polymeric layers). NCs presented, during the in vitro release, the release of eugenol following a first order process. In addition to being in the region of stability (zeta potential ca. |30| mV), the capsules showed good adhesion to the nectarine surface. In relation to brown rot, the eugenol NCs with chitosan proved to be the best formulation compared to nanoemulsion and NCs with two polymeric layers for its control, increasing the probability that the fruits remain without symptoms, even after 7 days. Therefore, this study demonstrated that chitosan NCs containing eugenol could be an alternative to preserve fruit for longer periods in post-harvest.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230018

Comparación de la violencia y agresiones sufridas por el personal de salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Argentina y el resto de Latinoamérica
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Garcia-Zamora, Sebastián

; Iomini, Pablo A.

; Pulido, Laura

; Miranda-Arboleda, Andrés F.

; Lopez-Santi, Pilar

; Burgos, Lucrecia M.

; Perez, Gonzalo E.

; Priotti, Mauricio

; García, Darío E.

; Antoniolli, Melisa

; Musso, Gabriel

; Zaidel, Ezequiel J.

; Sosa-Liprandi, Álvaro

; Del-Sueldo, Mildren A.

; Lopez-Santi, Ricardo

; Vazquez, Gustavo

; Baranchuk, Adrián

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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Jun 2023, Volume 40 Nº 2 Páginas 179 - 188

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Objetivos. Explorar la frecuencia e impacto de la violencia contra los trabajadores de salud de Argentina y compararlo con el resto de sus pares de Latinoamérica en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal a través de una encuesta electrónica al personal médico y no médico de Latinoamérica que desempeño tareas asistenciales desde marzo de 2020. Se utilizó una regresión de Poisson para estimar las Razones de Prevalencia crudas (RP) y ajustadas (RPa) con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados. Un total de 3544 participantes de 19 países respondieron la encuesta; 1992 (56,0%) residían en Argentina. Entre los mismos, el 62,9% padeció al menos un hecho de violencia: 97,7% refirió violencia verbal y 11,8% violencia física. El 41,5% de los agredidos padecieron situaciones de violencia al menos una vez por semana. El personal de salud de Argentina vivenció más frecuentemente violencia que los de otros países (62,9% vs. 54,6%, p<0,001), siendo estos eventos más habituales y estresantes (p<0,05). Además, refirieron más frecuentemente haber considerado cambiar sus tareas asistenciales y/o deseos de abandonar su profesión (p<0,001). En la regresión de Poisson, los participantes de Argentina tuvieron una prevalencia de violencia mayor que los trabajadores de salud de la región (14,6%; p<0,001). Conclusiones. Existió una elevada prevalencia de violencia contra el personal de salud de Argentina durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Estos hechos tuvieron un alto impacto negativo entre quienes los padecieron. Nuestros datos sugieren que, esto podría haber sido más frecuente en Argentina respecto de otras regiones del continente.

ABSTRACT Objectives. To explore the frequency and impact of violence against healthcare workers in Argentina and to compare it with the rest of their Latin American peers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted by applying an electronic survey on Latin American medical and non-medical personnel who carried out health care tasks since March 2020. We used Poisson regression to estimate crude (PR) and adjusted (aPR) Prevalence Ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results. A total of 3544 participants from 19 countries answered the survey; 1992 (56.0%) resided in Argentina. Of these, 62.9% experienced at least one act of violence; 97.7% reported verbal violence and 11.8% physical violence. Of those who were assaulted, 41.5% experienced violence at least once a week. Health personnel from Argentina experienced violence more frequently than those from other countries (62.9% vs. 54.6%, p<0.001), and these events were more frequent and stressful (p<0.05). In addition, Argentinean health personnel reported having considered changing their healthcare tasks and/or desired to leave their profession more frequently (p<0.001). In the Poisson regression, we found that participants from Argentina had a higher prevalence of violence than health workers from the region (14.6%; p<0.001). Conclusions. There was a high prevalence of violence against health personnel in Argentina during the COVID-19 pandemic. These events had a strong negative impact on those who suffered them. Our data suggest that violence against health personnel may have been more frequent in Argentina than in other regions of the continent.

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2023.402.12646

Comparación de la violencia y agresiones sufridas por el personal de salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Argentina y el resto de Latinoamérica
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Garcia-Zamora, Sebastián

; Iomini, Pablo A.

; Pulido, Laura

; Miranda-Arboleda, Andrés F.

; Lopez-Santi, Pilar

; Burgos, Lucrecia M.

; Perez, Gonzalo E.

; Priotti, Mauricio

; García, Darío E.

; Antoniolli, Melisa

; Musso, Gabriel

; Zaidel, Ezequiel J.

; Sosa-Liprandi, Álvaro

; Del-Sueldo, Mildren A.

; Lopez-Santi, Ricardo

; Vazquez, Gustavo

; Baranchuk, Adrián

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica

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Abr 2023, Volume 40 Nº 2 Páginas 179 - 188

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2023.402.12646

Perspectives in Training and Professional Practice of Cardiac Surgery in Latin America
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Marin-Cuartas, Mateo

; Vervoort, Dominique

; Contreras, Juan Roberto

; Garcia-Villareal, Ovidio A.

; Escobar, Alejandro

; Ferrari, Javier

; Quintana, Eduard

; Sadaba, Rafael

; Mestres, Carlos A.

; Carosella, Victorio C.

; Almeida, Rui M. S.

; Dayan, Victor

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Fev 2023, Volume 38 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 14

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: There is a lack of information about cardiac surgery training and professional practice in Latin American (LATAM) countries. This study is the first comparative analysis of cardiac surgical training and professional practice across LATAM and provides the fundamentals for future academic projects of the Latin American Association of Cardiac and Endovascular Surgery (LACES). Methods: International survey-based comparative analysis of the training and professional practice of cardiac surgeons across LATAM. Trainees (residents/fellows) and staf (graduated) surgeons from LATAM countries were included. Results: A total of 289 respondents (staf surgeons N=221 [76.5%]; residents/fellows N=68 [23.5%]) from 18 different countries participated in the survey. Most surgeons (N=92 [45.3%]) reported being unsatisfied with their salaries. Most respondents (N=181 [62.6%]) stated that it was difficult to obtain a leadership position, and 149 (73.8%) stated that it was difficult to find a job after completing training. Only half of the trainee respondents (N=32 [47.1%]) reported that their program had all resident spots occupied. Only 22.1% (N=15) of residents/fellows were satisfied with their training programs. The majority (N=205 [70.9%]) of respondents would choose cardiac surgery as their specialty again. Most surgeons (N=129 [63.9%]) and residents/fellows (N=52 [76.5%]) indicated that the establishment of a LATAM cardiac surgery board examination would be beneficial. Conclusion: Modernization and standardization of training, as well as greater access to opportunities, may be required in LATAM to increase professional satisfaction of cardiac surgeons and to reduce disparities in the specialty. Such changes may enhance the regional response to the dynamic challenges in the feld.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2022-0125

Impact of fuel quantity on luminescence properties of Sr3Al2O6:Eu by combustion synthesis
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Barbosa, W. T.

; Álvarez-Docio, C. M.

; Garcia-Carrodeguas, R.

; Fook, M. V. L.

; Rodríguez, M. A.

; Rojas-Hernandez, R. E.

Cerâmica

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Jan 2023, Volume 69 Nº 389 Páginas 17 - 22

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The photoluminescent behavior of Eu-doped Sr3Al2O6 obtained by highly efficient solution combustion synthesis is reported. In order to understand the influence of the fuel on the synthesis, the stoichiometric quantity and an excess of fuel were evaluated. By adjusting the amount of fuel, different luminescence responses were obtained, allowing europium cations incorporation into the Sr3Al2O6 lattice to serve as effective luminescence activators in such a short time during the rapid combustion synthesis process. The higher amount of fuel in the presence of the oxidizing agent produced Sr3Al2O6:Eu particles with higher phosphorescence brightness, owing to the increase of the reduction process from Eu3+ to Eu2+. The synthesized phosphor showed an intense band emission centered at 515 nm and could be excited over a broad spectral range in the UV-visible region. Particles having nanostructured flake-type morphology were obtained, which was considered a micro-nanofunctional candidate for practical applications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693893379

10.

Ant diversity (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Turvo State Park, municipality of Derrubadas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Lutinski, J. A.

; Dorneles, F. E.

; Guarda, C.

; Lutinski, C. J.

; Busato, M. A.

; Giovenardi, R.

; Garcia, F. R. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e239642

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O conhecimento das assembleias de formigas que ocorrem em Unidades de Conservação no domínio Mata Atlântica é prioritário, considerando-se o número de espécies endêmicas e os impactos que este bioma vem sofrendo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar a assembleia de formigas que ocorre no Parque Estadual do Turvo, a maior unidade de conservação do Rio Grande do Sul que se destaca pelo seu papel na proteção da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica austral. Foram realizadas duas amostragens no ano de 2019, uma no verão (janeiro) e a outra na primavera (novembro e dezembro), em cinco pontos distantes 2 km entre si, com armadilhas pitfall (solo e dossel), iscas de sardinha, iscas de glicose, guarda-chuva entomológico, rede de varredura e coleta manual. A riqueza amostrada no verão foi de 121 e na primavera de 120, totalizando 163 espécies. Ao todo, 78 espécies (47,8%) ocorreram concomitantemente nas duas amostragens. Os gêneros mais ricos foram Camponotus (S=30), Pheidole (S=23) e Linepithema (S=11). Dezessete espécies foram registradas pela primeira vez para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados se constituem em uma das mais ricas assembleias de formigas já inventariadas em uma unidade de conservação na região sul do Brasil. O estudo destaca a importância das Unidades de Conservação como ambientes protegidos contra a perda de habitat para a biodiversidade de formigas. Os resultados deste estudo contribuem para o conhecimento da mirmecofauna e servem como base para estudos de impacto ambiental, planos de manejo e conservação de remanescentes da Mata Atlântica.

Abstract The knowledge of ant assemblages that occurs in Conservation Units in the Atlantic Forest domain is a priority, considering the number of endemic species and the impacts that this biome has been suffering. The aim of this study was to evaluate ant assemblages in the Turvo State Park, which is the largest conservation unit in the State of Rio Grande do Sul and presents an important role on biodiversity protection. Two samplings were conducted in 2019, one in the summer (January) and the other in the spring (November and December), at five sites 2 km apart, with pitfall traps (soil and canopy), sardine baits, glucose, beating net, sweeping net and manual collection. We sampled 121 species in the summer and 120 in the spring, totaling 163 ant species. A total of 78 species (47.8%) occurred in both sampling seasons. The richest genera in the study were Camponotus (S = 30), Pheidole (S = 23) and Linepithema (S = 11). Seventeen species were recorded for the first time for Rio Grande do Sul state. The results indicate that this is one of the most species-rich assemblages of ants ever surveyed in a conservation unit in southern Brazil. The study highlights the importance of Conservation Units as protected environments against habitat loss for ant biodiversity. The results of this study contribute to myrmecofauna knowledge and serve as a basis for environmental impact studies, management plans and conservation of Atlantic Forest remnants.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.239642 1220 downloads

11.

The action of clove (Syzygium aromaticum ) and thyme ( Thymus vulgaris) essential oils in the control of Acanthhoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in laboratory
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MUSSALAMA, ADÉLIO Z.

; TEIXEIRA, CRISTIANO M.

; NUNES, ADRISE M.

; PEREIRA, CLAUDIO M.P.

; GARCIA, FLÁVIO R.M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 2 elocation e20201915

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of essential oils of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) on the control of Acanthoscelides obtectus in laboratory conditions. The extraction of the oils was executed by the hydro-distillation method in a Clevenger device, for 4 hours and the design used was completely randomized, with five replications, in a 10x8 factorial arrangement (dozes and exposition time) with ten concentrations (20; 10; 5; 2.5; 1.75; 0.75; 0.5; 0.25 and 0.0% and Tween® 5.0%). Each replication was comprised by 10 unsexed insects of A. obtectus. The variables evaluated are as follows: control efficiency and CL50 through the Proc Probit analysis. The evaluations were carried out in 1, 2, 3, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after the treatment. The results demonstrate that the essential oils of cloves and thyme caused 100% of mortality after 48 and 72 hours, respectively, in the 20% concentration. The Cl50 was estimated at 30.46 µL mL-1 for the oil of cloves and 24.93 µL mL-1 for the oil of thyme. The use of essential oils of cloves and thyme represent a viable alternative for use in storehouses for the integrated management of A. obtectus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320201915

12.

Prioritization of absent quarantine pests in Brazil through the Analytical Hierarchy Process
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Hilman, R.

; Abot, A. R.

; Garcia, F. R. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e274333

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Introducing an Absent Quarantine Pest (AQP) can cause severe economic, social and environmental impacts, generating food insecurity. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is an excellent tool for prioritizing APQs, allowing countries to better prepare against these threats. This study aimed to determine which AQPs should be prioritized in Brazil. For this, 20 AQPs were selected from the Brazilian official list. The selection was based on pests intercepted by Brazil between 2015 and 2018 and by countries of the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization, in the international movement of plants. It can be concluded that out of the 20 AQPs studied, 17 are the priority and that the AHP method is effective for this purpose. Other countries from different continents can use this methodology to prioritize PQAs and thus create strategic plans to prevent entry into their territories and economic, social, and environmental impacts.

Resumo A introdução de uma Praga Ausente Quarentena (PQA) pode causar graves impactos econômicos, sociais e ambientais, gerando insegurança alimentar. O método Processo de Hierarquia Anal Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) é uma excelente ferramenta para priorizar APQs, permitindo que os países se preparem melhor contra essas ameaças. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar quais AQPs devem ser priorizados no Brasil. Para isso, foram selecionados 20 AQPs da lista oficial brasileira. A seleção foi baseada em pragas interceptadas pelo Brasil entre 2015 e 2018 e por países da European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. Pode-se concluir que dos 20 AQPs estudados, 17 são os prioritários e que o método AHP é eficaz para este fim. Outros países de diferentes continentes podem usar essa metodologia para priorizar os PQAs e, assim, criar planos estratégicos para prevenir a entrada em seus territórios e impactos econômicos, sociais e ambientais.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.274333

13.

Obtención de un bioestimulante agronómico/ambiental mediante hidrólisis enzimática de okara
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Orts, A.

; Garcia-Quintanilla, A.

; Caballero, P.

; Orts, J.M.

; Tejada, M.

; Martin-Presas, L.

; Parrado, J.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Dez 2022, Volume 45 Nº 4 Páginas 321 - 330

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En el presente trabajo se ha desarrollado un proceso enzimático destinado a la valorización de la okara, mediante su conversión en un producto bioestimulante agronómico/ambiental altamente biodisponible y con alto contenido en C, N, P, K.. La okara es un subproducto insoluble resultante en el proceso de obtención de la leche de soja y tofu. Aunque tiene un alto valor nutricional (proteínas, fibra y lípidos) destaca su composición en compuestos bioactivos, como isoflavonas, vitaminas y oligoelementos, presenta problemas de utilización, por su alto contenido en agua que lo convierte en un producto muy perecedero y fácilmente fermentable. Todo ello lo convierte en un sustrato idóneo para la obtención de compuestos agronómico/ambientales. El proceso se basa en el uso de diferentes enzimas hidrolíticas, que conducen a la solubilización e hidrólisis de las moléculas orgánicas (proteínas y azúcares) e inorgánicas (P y K) El proceso enzimático diseñado consiste en una hidrólisis multienzimática secuencial donde actuan proteasas, fitasas y carbohidrolasas. El extracto enzimático ha sido caracterizado químicamente, destacando su alto contenido en péptidos y aminoácidos libres (contenido orgánico soluble compuesto en un 64% por moléculas de <1 KDa, solubilización de un 61% del total de proteínas), así como en fosfato de origen orgánico (solubilización de un 79,1% del total de P), K (solubilización de un 86,6% del total de K) y glucosa libre.

Abstract In the present work, an enzymatic process has been developed for the valorization of okara, through its conversion into an agronomic/environmental biostimulant product with high bioavailability and high content in C, N, P and K. Okara is an insoluble by-product resulting from the process of obtaining soy milk and tofu. Although it has a high nutritional value (proteins, fiber and lipids), where its composition of bioactive compounds such as isoflavones, vitamins and trace elements stands out, it presents problems of utilization due to its high water content, which makes it a very perishable and easily fermented product. All this makes it an ideal substrate for obtaining agronomic/environmental compounds. The process is based on the use of different hydrolytic enzymes, which lead to the solubilization and hydrolysis of organic (proteins and sugars) and inorganic (P and K) molecules. The enzymatic process designed consists of a sequential multi-enzymatic hydrolysis involving proteases, phytases and carbohydrolases. The enzymatic extract has been chemically characterized, highlighting its high content in peptides and free amino acids (soluble organic content composed of 64% of molecules <1 KDa, solubilization of 61% of total proteins), as well as in organic phosphate (solubilization of 79.1% of total P), K (solubilization of 86.6% of total K) and free glucose.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.28447

14.

Diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre a Análise e Emissão de Laudos Eletrocardiográficos – 2022
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Samesima, Nelson

; God, Epotamenides Good

; Kruse, Jose Claudio Lupi

; Leal, Marcelo Garcia

; Pinho, Claudio

; França, Francisco Faustino de A. C.

; Pimenta, João

; Cardoso, Acácio Fernandes

; Paixão, Adail

; Fonseca, Alfredo

; Pérez-Riera, Andrés R.

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

; Madaloso, Bruna Affonso

; Luna Filho, Bráulio

; Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Rodrigues de

; Grupi, César José

; Moreira, Dalmo Antonio Ribeiro

; Kaiser, Elisabeth

; Paixão, Gabriela Miana de Mattos

; Feitosa Filho, Gilson

; Pereira Filho, Horacio Gomes

; Grindler, José

; Aziz, José Luiz

; Molina, Marcos Sleiman

; Facin, Mirella

; Tobias, Nancy M. M. de Oliveira

; Oliveira, Patricia Alves de

; Sanches, Paulo César R.

; Teixeira, Ricardo Alkmin

; Atanes, Severiano Melo

; Pastore, Carlos Alberto

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Out 2022, Volume 119 Nº 4 Páginas 638 - 680

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220623

15.

Prevalencia de Dientamoeba fragilisy otros protozoários intestinales en porcinos de una granja en la región Andina de Colombia
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Sudrez, K. J.

; Garcia, M. J.

; Restrepo, E. Y.

; Campo, L. F.

; Galván-Diaz, A. L.

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia

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Ago 2022, Volume 69 Nº 2 Páginas 129 - 142

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Dientamoeba fragilis is a protozoan that parasitizes the large intestine of humans and domestic animals. To date, some aspects regarding D. fragilis life cycle, including hosts, reservoirs, infection mechanism, among others, are not yet clear. Swine are considered natural hosts for this protozoan, therefore their close contact with humans promotes its zoonotic transmission. In Colombia there are no studies on the presence of D. fragilis in animal hosts, including pigs, and data about other intestinal protozoa are scarce. The objective was to determine the prevalence of intestinal protozoan, including D. fragilis, in pigs raised in a farm from a rural area of Medellin (Andean region of Colombia). Fecal samples from 70 pigs in prefattening stage were collected. Direct fecal smear examination, trichrome and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain were used in the study. Univariate analysis (frequency distribution and central tendency measures) and bivariate analysis were used to explore risk factors. Dientamoeba fragilis was found in 13% of the evaluated fecal samples. Other parasites detected included: Entamoeba spp. (66%), Blastocystis spp. (64%), Balantioides coli (36%), Cryptosporidium spp. (36%), Iodamoeba butschlii (17%), coccidias (4%), and Giardia spp. (1,4%). This is the first report of D. fragilis in swine in Colombia, and the high prevalence of other pathogen protozoa was also observed, which corroborates the role of pigs as important reservoirs for human infections. Studies focused on the evaluation of both swine and swine-exposed farm workers should be done in order to know the dynamics of transmission of this parasite.

RESUMEN Dientamoeba fragilis es un protozoário que parasita el intestino grueso del hombre y animales domésticos. Hasta el momento, aún no son claros aspectos de su ciclo de vida, como el rango de hospedadores, reservorios, mecanismo de infección, entre otros. Se postula que el cerdo es un hospedador natural para este protozoario y que, debido a su cercanía con el humano, podría facilitar una transmisión zoonótica. En Colombia no existen a la fecha estudios sobre la presencia de D. fragilis en hospedadores animales, incluidos los cerdos, y los datos sobre la prevalencia de otros protozoarios intestinales en estos animales son escasos. El objetivo fue determinar la frecuencia de protozoarios intestinales, incluyendo D. fragilis, en cerdos de una granja tecnificada de una zona rural de Medellín (región Andina de Colombia). Se recolectaron muestras de materia fecal de 70 cerdos en etapa de preceba, que fueron evaluadas mediante examen directo, tinción tricrómica y Ziehl-Neelsen modificado. Se realizaron análisis univariados con medidas de frecuencia relativa y tendencia central y análisis bivariados para la exploración de factores de riesgo. Se detectó la presencia de D. fragilis en un 13% de las muestras y de otros parásitos como Entamoeba spp. (66%), Blastocystis spp. (64%), Balantioides coli (36%), Cryptosporidium spp. (36%), Iodamoeba butschlii (17%), coccidias (4%) y Giardia spp. (1,4%). En este primer reporte de D. fragilis en cerdos en Colombia se observó la alta prevalencia de otros protozoarios patógenos, lo que corrobora el papel de los cerdos como importantes reservorios de infecciones humanas. Estudios sobre la presencia de este protozoario tanto en cerdos como en el personal encargado de su manejo contribuirían al conocimiento sobre su dinámica de transmisión.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v69n2.103263 101 downloads

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