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Acumulación y pérdida de suelo por erosión eólica en el norte de Zacatecas
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Echavarria-Chairez, Francisco Guadalupe

; Alvarado-Sabag, Miguel Nasyib

; Serna-Perez, Alfonso

; Medina-Garcia, Guillermo

; Casas-Flores, José Israel

Terra Latinoamericana

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Dez 2023, Volume 41 elocation e1649

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Summary: The continuous changes in the use of soil for agricultural and livestock activities, as well the geographical location on sites affected by continuous wind currents, have caused changes in soil characteristics in a period of 40 years. To identify such changes, this study was performed in the north of the state of Zacatecas. The results of soil from 300 samples obtained in the laboratory analysis in 1976 were compared against an equal number of samples obtained in 2016. “Raster” images were generated by georeferencing the sampling sites and interpolating with “kriging”. The coinciding determinations between databases showed the differences between them by overlapping both images. The wind erosion was estimated and the levels of erosion associated with the sites where the changes occurred. The image analysis shows a matching area where sand content and soil pH increased. Such surface represents 401 907 ha of 2 118 000 ha covered by the images, where calcium has decreased in 98% of the surface, as well as potassium (59%), organic matter (58%), magnesium (49%) and sodium (35%) in 40 years, identifying areas of accumulation and soil loss associated with values of wind erosion. The prevailing SW winds that cause wind erosion were identified with values from 8 to 32 Mg ha-1 in 100 209 ha of accumulation and 233 587 ha of losses in 40 years. Of the total identified, 199 753 ha are agricultural areas and 202 154 are for livestock use. The identification of areas should help define plans and public policies for technological intervention.

Resumen: Los cambios continuos en el uso del suelo en actividades agrícolas y pecuarias, así como, la ubicación geográfica en sitios afectados por corrientes continuas de viento, han provocado cambios en las características del suelo en un periodo de 40 años. Para identificar tales cambios, se llevó a cabo el presente estudio en la región norte del estado de Zacatecas. Se utilizaron resultados de análisis de laboratorio de 300 muestras obtenidas en 1976 que fueron comparadas contra un número igual de muestras obtenidas en 2016. Al ubicar los sitios de muestreo se generaron imágenes “raster”, por interpolación con “kriging”. Se encontraron diferencias de las determinaciones coincidentes entre ambas bases de datos, al sobreponer ambas imágenes. Se estimó la erosión eólica de 2016 y se asoció los niveles de erosión con los sitios donde se presentaron los cambios. El traslape de imágenes muestra un área de coincidencia donde se incrementó el contenido de arena y el pH del suelo. Tal superficie representa 401 907 ha, de un total de 2 118 000 ha cubiertas por las imágenes. En ella se encontró que en 40 años ha disminuido el calcio en 98% de la superficie, así como, el potasio (59%), la materia orgánica (59%), magnesio (49%) y sodio (35%) con lo que se identificaron áreas de acumulación y pérdidas de suelo asociadas a valores altos de erosión eólica. Se identificaron los vientos predominantes del suroeste que provocan la erosión eólica con valores de 8 a 32 Mg ha-1 en 100 209 ha de acumulación y 233 587 ha de pérdidas en 40 años. Del total identificado 199 753 ha son áreas agrícolas y 202 154 son de uso pecuario. La identificación de áreas ayudará a definir planes y políticas públicas de intervención tecnológica.

https://doi.org/10.28940/terra.v41i0.1649

Tratamiento agudo de la migraña durante el embarazo
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González Manrique, Guillermo

; Muñoz, Joe

; Garcia Beltrán, Juan Camilo

Acta Neurológica Colombiana

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Mar 2023, Volume 39 Nº 1 Páginas 39 - 50

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Migraine is a prevalent and highly disabling condition. Usually during pregnancy there is relief of symptoms, however, sometimes headache cannot improve, and some cases may get worse. Therefore, it is necessary for physicians who work at the emergency department perform a correct diagnosis of this pathology, rule-out other types of headaches and give the best and safest treatment according to gestational age and clinical profile of each patient. This review will address the relationship between migraine and pregnancy, the role of estrogens in the genesis of migraine. Updated information with respect to acute treatment of migraine during this period will be discussed. METHODS: A systematic review of the world literature on the relationship between migraine and pregnancy and acute management in this population was carried out, obtaining a total of 83 bibliographic references. RESULTS: As an initial management, the use of acetaminophen plus metoclopramide is recommended at any stage of pregnancy. The use of NSAIDs should be avoided from week 20 of gestation. Sumatriptan can be used as a second line in any trimester. Non-pharmacological management should be provided to all patients. CONCLUSIONS: There are currently safe drugs and procedures for the acute management of migraine in pregnant women, however, gestational age should be taken into account before administering them.

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN La migraña es una condición médica prevalente y altamente discapacitante. Por lo general, durante el embarazo hay una reducción de los síntomas migrañosos, sin embargo, en ocasiones la sintomatología puede no mostrar mejoría, y en algunos casos empeorar. Por tanto, es necesario que el médico del servicio de urgencias realice un correcto diagnóstico de esta enfermedad, que descarte otros tipos de cefaleas y brinde el mejor y el más seguro tratamiento analgésico de acuerdo con la edad gestacional y perfil clínico de cada paciente. En esta revisión se abordará la relación entre la migraña y el embarazo, el papel de los estrógenos en la génesis de la migraña, así como también los datos más actuales en cuanto al tratamiento del manejo agudo de esta patología durante la gestación. MATERIALES Y METODOS: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura mundial sobre la relación entre la migraña y el embarazo y el manejo agudo en esta población, obteniéndose un total de 83 referencia bibliográficas. RESULTADOS: Como manejo inicial, se recomienda el uso de Acetaminofén más metoclopramida en cualquier etapa de la gestación. El uso de AINE debe evitarse a partir de la semana 20 de gestación. El Sumatriptán puede ser utilizado como segunda línea en cualquier trimestre. A todas las pacientes se les debe brindar manejo no farmacológico. CONCLUSIONES: Actualmente se cuenta con varios medicamentos y procedimientos seguros para el manejo agudo de la migraña en gestantes, sin embargo, debe tenerse en cuenta la edad gestacional ante su administración.

https://doi.org/10.22379/24224022441

Licencia por enfermedad en Colombia en el período 2016-2018: Estudio observacional transversal retrospectivo
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Valero-Pacheco, Ivonne Constanza

; Riaño-Casallas, Martha Isabel

; Garcia-Bedoya, Olmer

; Rodriguez-Páez, Fredy Guillermo

; Cardona Medina, Fabián

; Téllez-Avila, Eliana Milena

; Palma-Parra, Ruth Marien

Universidad y Salud

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Dez 2022, Volume 24 Nº 3 Páginas 218 - 226

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: Comprender la situación de incapacidad por enfermedad, causas y efectos de una pérdida temporal de la capacidad de trabajo fortalece las políticas y la gestión en la prestación de servicios de salud. Objetivo: Analizar las incapacidades por enfermedad en Colombia en el período 2016-2018. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal retrospectivo, con cálculo del riesgo relativo. Se procesaron 12.410.837 registros de trabajadores formales entre 18 y 70 años de edad y con al menos una incapacidad temporal, según los informes del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Resultados: La edad promedio de las personas fue de 37,11 años, 53% fueron mujeres. En promedio, el 90,6% de las incapacidades fue para trabajadores dependientes y el 5,6% trabajadores independientes. Las principales causas de incapacidad fueron las enfermedades del sistema musculoesquelético más frecuentes en hombres adultos según RR. Los hombres en comparación con las mujeres y los adultos en comparación con los jóvenes tienen menos probabilidades de tener licencia por enfermedad respiratoria. Conclusiones: Las mujeres presentaron más incapacidades temporales por enfermedad, aunque los hombres tuvieron más días de incapacidad, la mediana fue de tres días en ambos géneros. Los jóvenes y los adultos tenían más días de baja por enfermedad.

Abstract Introduction: To understand the sick leave situation and the causes and effects of a temporary loss of capacity to work allows for the strengthening of policies and management in the provision of health services. Objective: To analyze sick leave in Colombia in the 2016-2018 period. Materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study and the relative risk was calculated. Sick leave reports were provided by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection. 12,410,837 reports from formal workers between the ages of 18-70 years and had at least one temporary disability were processed. Results: The average age of people with sick leave was 37.11 years, 53% corresponding to females. On average, sick leave was 90.6% and 5.6% for dependent and independent workers, respectively. The principal causes of disability were musculoskeletal diseases and were more likely in men and adults according to RR. Men in comparison to females and adults in comparison to youths are less likely to have sick leave due to respiratory disease. Conclusions: In Colombia, females presented more temporary sick leave, even if males had more days of disability, even though the median was three days in both genders. Youth and adults had more sick leave days.

https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.222403.276 48 downloads

Enigma y sufrimiento: más allá de rememorar
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Aguirre Garcia, Juan Carlos

; Jaramillo Echeverri, Luis Guillermo

Folios

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Jun 2022, Nº 55 Páginas 3 - 15

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

Abstract This reflection article explores the tension between suffering as an enigmatic event and its possibility of remembrance. The strategy used for this begins with two metaphors that allow us to establish the difference between two versions of the enigma: a weak or comprehensive version of suffering, and a strong or radical version of it. Subsequently, based on some works by the philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, the radical version of the enigma is considered in confrontation with the attempt to reduce suffering to cognitive schemes, assimilating it to a stereotyped understanding. Finally, it wonders about the meaning of recalling suffering, adducing some notes regarding its uselessness, but preserving its character of disturbance, interruption, and excess. The result of the article will consist of a contribution to the attempts to do justice to the victims against the totalization of the system that makes them characters under the mask of representation.

Resumen Este artículo de reflexión tiene como objetivo explorar la tensión entre el sufrimiento como acontecimiento enigmático y su posibilidad de rememoración. La estrategia utilizada para ello inicia con dos metáforas que permiten establecerla diferencia entre dos versiones de enigma: una débil o comprehensiva del sufrimiento, y una fuerte o radical del mismo. Posteriormente, a partir de algunos trabajos del filósofo Emmanuel Levinas, se considera la versión radical del enigma en confrontación con la tentativa de reducir el sufrimiento a esquemas cognitivos asimilados a una comprensión estereotipada. Finalmente, se pregunta acerca del sentido de rememorar el sufrimiento, aduciendo algunos apuntes respecto a su inutilidad, pero conservando su carácter de perturbación, interrupción y exceso. El resultado del artículo consistirá en una contribución a los intentos por hacer justicia a las personas víctimas frente a la totalización del sistema que los hace personajes bajo la máscara de la representación.

Resumo Este artigo de reflexão tem como objetivo explorar a tensão entre o sofrimento como evento enigmático e sua possibilidade de rememoraçâo. A estratégia utilizada para isso começa com duas metáforas que nos permitem estabelecer a diferença entre duas versões do enigma: uma versão fraca ou abrangente do sofrimento e uma versão forte ou radical dele. Posteriormente, com base em alguns trabalhos do filósofo Emmanuel Levinas, a versão radical do enigma é considerada em confronto com a tentativa de reduziro sofrimento a esquemas cognitivos, assimilando-o a uma compreensão estereotipada. Por fim, interroga-se sobre o significado de recordar o sofrimento, aduzindo algumas notas sobre sua inutilidade, mas preservando seu caráter de perturbação, interrupção e excesso. 0 resultado do artigo consistirá em uma contribuição às tentativas de fazer justiça às vítimas contra a totalizaçâo do sistema que as torna personagens sob a máscara da representação.

https://doi.org/10.17227/folios.55-12447 11 downloads

Utilidad del panel Sensititre YeastOne® para detectar especies de Candida resistentes a los antifúngicos
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Córdoba, Susana

; Abiega, laudio

; Agorio, Iris

; Amigot, Susana

; Ardizzoli, Karina

; Giusiano, Gustavo

; Guelfand, Liliana

; Moral, Laura López

; Maldonado, Ivana

; Pineda, Gloria

; Effron, Guillermo Garcia

; Clínica, Subcomisión de Micología

Revista argentina de microbiología

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Mar 2022, Volume 54 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 10

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Evaluamos las concordancias interlaboratorio, esencial y categórica entre el panel Sensititre YeastOne™ y los métodos de referencia correspondientes al M27 4.a ed. (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [CLSI]) y al EDef 7.3.1 (European Committee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing [EUCAST]). Estudiamos 67 cepas de Candida de distintas muestras clí nicas y un panel de 9 cepas resistentes a fluconazol y equinocandinas. El mayor porcentaje de concordancia interlaboratorio se observó con anfotericina B (96,8%) y el menor porcen taje con voriconazol (77,2%). La caspofungina mostró un 5,8% de discrepancias muy mayores con el método de referencia del CLSI. Con el del EUCAST, el itraconazol, el posaconazol y la anidulafungina mostraron porcentajes de discrepancias mayores: el 17,6, el 18,1 y el 19,6%, respectivamente. El panel Sensititre YeastOne™ es una alternativa confiable y fácil de usar, que permite detectar especies de Candida resistentes a los antifúngicos, con algunas limitaciones para las equinocandinas. Los resultados son equiparables a los de los métodos de referencia.

Abstract We evaluated the interlaboratory agreement, the essential agreement, and the cate- gorical agreement between the Sensititre YeastOne™ panel and the reference methods M27 4th Edition of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), and the EDef 7.3.1 of the Euro- pean Committee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). We studied 67 Candida strains isolated from different clinical samples and 9 Candida strains with resistance to fluconazole and echinocandins. The highest percentage of interlaboratory agreement was observed with amp- hotericin B (96.8%), and the lowest percentage with voriconazole (77.2%). Caspofungin showed 5.8% of very major errors when compared with the CLSI reference method. For EUCAST, itraconazole, posaconazole, and anidulafungin showed high percentages of major errors: 17.6%, 18.1%, and 19.6%, respectively. Sensititre YeastOne™ is a reliable alternative, and easy to perform for detecting Candida species resistant to antifungal drugs, with some limitations for echinocandins. Results are comparable to those of the reference methods.

104 downloads

Low molecular weight heparin is useful in adult COVID-19 inpatients. Experience during the first Spanish wave: observational study
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Gonzalez-Porras, Jose Ramon

; Belhassen-Garcia, Moncef

; Lopez-Bernus, Amparo

; Vaquero-Roncero, Luis Mario

; Rodriguez, Beatriz

; Carbonell, Cristina

; Azibeiro, Raul

; Hernandez-Sanchez, Alberto

; Martin-Gonzalez, Jose Ignacio

; Manrique, Juan Miguel

; Alonso-Claudio, Gloria

; Alvarez-Navia, Felipe

; Madruga-Martin, Jose Ignacio

; Macias-Casanova, Ronald Paul

; García-Criado, Jorge

; Lozano, Francisco

; Moyano, Jose Carlos

; Sanchez-Hernandez, Miguel Vicente

; Sagredo-Meneses, Víctor

; Borras, Rafael

; Bastida, Jose María

; Hernández-Pérez, Guillermo

; Chamorro, Antonio Javier

; Marcos, Miguel

; Martin-Oterino, Jose Angel

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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Fev 2022, Volume 140 Nº 1 Páginas 123 - 133

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The intensity of the thromboprophylaxis needed as a potential factor for preventing inpatient mortality due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between anticoagulation intensity and COVID-19 survival. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in a tertiary-level hospital in Spain. METHODS: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) status was ascertained based on prescription at admission. To control for immortal time bias, anticoagulant use was analyzed as a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: 690 patients were included (median age, 72 years). LMWH was administered to 615 patients, starting from hospital admission (89.1%). 410 (66.7%) received prophylactic-dose LMWH; 120 (19.5%), therapeutic-dose LMWH; and another 85 (13.8%) who presented respiratory failure, high D-dimer levels (> 3 mg/l) and non-worsening of inflammation markers received prophylaxis of intermediate-dose LMWH. The overall inpatient-mortality rate was 38.5%. The anticoagulant nonuser group presented higher mortality risk than each of the following groups: any LMWH users (HR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.40-3.15); the prophylactic-dose heparin group (HR 2.39; 95% CI, 1.57-3.64); and the users of heparin dose according to biomarkers (HR 6.52; 95% CI, 2.95-14.41). 3.4% of the patients experienced major hemorrhage. 2.8% of the patients developed an episode of thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study showed that LMWH administered at the time of admission was associated with lower mortality among unselected adult COVID-19 inpatients. The magnitude of the benefit may have been greatest for the intermediate-dose subgroup. Randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of heparin within different therapeutic regimes for COVID-19 patients are required.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0098.r1.08062021

Evaluation of irradiance and radiant exposure on the polymerization and mechanical properties of a resin composite
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GRAZIOLI, Guillermo

; CUEVAS-SUAREZ, Carlos Enrique

; MEDEROS, Matías

; DE LEON, Elisa

; GARCIA, Andrés

; ZAMARRIPA-CALDERÓN, Eliezer

; PIVA, Evandro

Brazilian Oral Research

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e082

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of irradiance and radiant exposure on the chemical–mechanical properties of a resin composite. A micro-hybrid resin composite (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray) was investigated under two different irradiances: low (300 mW/cm2) and high (800 mW/cm2) and radiant exposures: 8 and 16 J/cm2. Four groups, named Low 8 J/cm2, High 8 J/cm2, Low 16 J/cm2, and High 16 J/cm2 were tested, and their flexural strengths, elastic moduli, depths of cure, and degrees of conversion were evaluated. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. A multiple linear regression model was used to correlate the irradiance and radiant exposure with dependent variables (α = 0.05). Irradiance and radiant exposure were found statistically significant for all dependent variables. The interaction between the factors was statistically significant only for the degree of conversion and elastic modulus. Group Low 16 J/cm2 exhibited a significantly superior performance in all the evaluated properties. Barring the degree of conversion, no significant differences were observed among the properties evaluated between the Low 8 J/cm2 and High 8 J/cm2 groups. The adjusted R2 values were high for the depth of cure and degree of conversion (0.58 and 0.96, respectively). Both irradiance and radiant exposure parameters play an important role in establishing the final properties of a micro-hybrid resin composite. Irradiance has a greater influence under higher radiant exposures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0082

Kidney Health for Everyone Everywhere - From Prevention to Detection and Equitable Access to Care
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, Philip Kam-Tao

; Garcia-Garcia, Guillermo

; Siu-Fai, Lui

; Andreoli, Sharon

; Fung, Winston Wing-Shing

; Hradsky, Anne

; Kumaraswami, Latha

; Liakopoulos, Vassilios

; Rakhimova, Ziyoda

; Saadi, Gamal

; Strani, Luisa

; Ulasi, Ifeoma

; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar

Revista de nefrologia, dialisis y trasplante

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Mar 2020, Volume 40 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 13

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

7 downloads

Nitrogen Addition to the Shielding Gas for Welding Hyper-duplex Stainless Steel
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Pimenta, André Rocha

; Diniz, Marilia Garcia

; Perez, Geronimo

; Solórzano-Naranjo, Ivan Guillermo

Soldagem & Inspeção

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2020, Volume 25 elocation e2512

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: In the present work we have studied the effects of nitrogen addition on the equilibrium of the volume fraction ratio austenite/ferrite and on the structural properties of weldments produced by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). The welded joints in tubes UNS S32707 of hyper-duplex steel were produced using argon and nitrogen gas welding, with nitrogen added in ratios of 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5%. Microstructural characterization of this material under the different processing condition was conducted by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, local chemical analysis by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron backscatter diffraction Vickers microhardness test, and digital image processing. All welding conditions resulted in welded joints with equiaxial grains microstructure containing austenite both at the boundaries and in the ferrite matrix. Microhardness measurements did not show significant variation in relation to the base metal. The use of welding gases with higher percentages of nitrogen resulted in increases in the austenite volume fraction in the order of 39 to 57% when considering the nitrogen content ranging from 1.5 to 5.5%.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-9224/si25.12 984 downloads

10.

Rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxis after venous ablation with radiofrequency in the saphenous femoral and saphenous popliteal junction
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Gonzalez-Fregoso, Raúl

; Leo-Amador, Guillermo E.

; Garcia-Gil, Lourdes

Revista mexicana de angiología

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Dez 2019, Volume 47 Nº 4 Páginas 49 - 52

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the prevalence of endovenous heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT) in thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban versus none thromboprophylaxis in ablation with radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Methods: A retrospective, observational design of cases and controls of patients with chronic venous insufficiency was reviewed after the procedure of truncal ablation with RF. Group 1 did not receive thromboprophylaxis after the surgery. Group 2 received 10 mg of rivaroxaban every 24 h for a 2-week period. The presence of EHIT was evaluated during the 3rd and 7th days of post-surgery. Results: Between January 2013 and December 2017, a total of 113 patients were evaluated with 132 procedures. As a result, we found a significant difference in the total of procedures in favor of thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban decreasing the EHIT by p ≤ 0.0031 and odds ratio 8.5 with a confidence interval of 95% (2.10-39.9). Conclusion: The use of rivaroxaban was effective in the thromboprophylaxis of EHIT in the venous ablation with RF.

Resumen Objetivo: Comparar la prevalencia de trombosis endovenosa inducida por calor (EHIT, por su siglas en inglés) en la tromboprofilaxis con rivaroxaban en comparación a la no tromboprofilaxis en la ablación con radiofrecuencia. Métodos: Se realizó un diseño retrospectivo, observacional de casos y controles en pacientes con insuficiencia venosa crónica después del procedimiento de ablación troncal con radiofrecuencia. El grupo 1 no recibió tromboprofilaxis después de la cirugía. El grupo 2 recibió 10 mg de rivaroxaban cada 24 horas por un periodo de 2 semanas. Se evaluó la presencia de EHIT durante el 3. y 7. días del postoperatorio. Resultados: Entre enero de 2013 y diciembre del 2017, se evaluaron un total de 113 pacientes con 132 procedimientos. Como resultado, encontramos una diferencia significativa en el total de procedimientos en favor de la tromboprofilaxis con rivaroxaban, con una disminución de la EHIT, con una p = 0.0031 y una OR de 8.5, con un IC del 95% (21.0-39.9). Conclusión: El uso de rivaroxaban fue efectivo en la tromboprofilaxis de la EHIT en la ablación venosa con radiofrecuencia.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rma.19000014 6 downloads

11.

Fitorremediación de cromo en efluente de curtiembre empleando Eichhornia crassipes
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Medina Garcia, Leonida

; Ferreira, Francisco Paulo

; Kurita Oyamada, Hajime Guillermo

; Rodríguez Bonet, Sergio

; Galeano, Edgar Fidel

; Viera, Mariza R.

Reportes científicos de la FACEN

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Jun 2019, Volume 10 Nº 1 Páginas 25 - 36

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Chromium is one of the largest inorganic pollutants in water and soil in Paraguay, causing serious environmental problems. This metal comes mainly from tannery effluents that are dumped into water courses. The aim of this work was to use alternative remediation techniques for the treatment of waters with high chromium content, using natural media (plants), in a process called phytoremediation. Specimens of Eicchornia crassipes were subjected to controlled contamination with Cr3+ for 20 days and the maximum tolerated concentration during the whole period of the experiment was considered to study the cup and the absorption capacity of Cr3+ from the species. The kinetic constants of this process were: constant absorption: Kab= 0.10 days -1, and absorption half time: t= 6.8 dys. In the final tannery effluent with 22.4 mg.L-1 of Cr3+, at 48 hours there was almost complete absorption of the chromium supplied, leaving 1.28 mg.L-1 of chromium in the effluent. The chromium translocation factors for E. crassipes were 0.008 and 0.02 in well water and effluent respectively and bioaccumulation factors were 11.6 and 3.2 respectively. No significant differences were found between the chlorophyll content in the plants exposed in chromium solution compared to the control. Neither was oxidation found from Cr3+ to Cr6+ spectrophotometrically measured.

Resumen: El cromo es uno de los mayores contaminantes inorgánicos de las aguas y del suelo en el Paraguay, acarreando serios problemas ambientales. Este metal proviene principalmente de efluentes de curtiembres que son vertidos a cursos de aguas. El objetivo de este trabajo es emplear técnicas de remediación alternativas para el tratamiento de aguas con alto contenido de cromo, utilizando medios naturales (plantas), en un proceso denominado fitorremediación. Ejemplares de Eichhornia crassipes fueron sometidos a una contaminación controlada con Cr3+ durante 20 días y se consideró la máxima concentración tolerada durante todo el periodo del experimento para estudiar la taza y la capacidad de absorción del Cr3+ de la especie. Las constantes cinéticas de este proceso fueron: constante de absorción K0,10 días -1, y tiempo medio de absorción: t1/2= 6,8 días. En el efluente final de curtiembre, con 22,4 mg.L-1 de Cr3+, a las 48 horas se produjo una absorción casi completa del cromo suministrado, quedando en el efluente 1,28 mg.L-1 del cromo. Los factores de translocación del cromo para E. crassipes fueron 0,008 y 0,02 en agua de pozo y efluente respectivamente y los factores de bioacumulación 11,6 y 3,2 respectivamente. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el contenido de clorofila en los vegetales expuestas en solución de cromo en comparación con el control. Tampoco se encontró oxidación del Cr3+ a Cr6+ medidos espectrofotométricamente.

https://doi.org/10.18004/rcfacen.2019.10.1.25 505 downloads

12.

SIMULATION OF THERMAL DECOMPOSITION IN AN OPEN CAVITY: ENTROPY ANALYSIS
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Ovando-Chacon, Guillermo E.

; Ovando-Chacon, Sandy L.

; Prince-Avelino, Juan C.

; Rodriguez-Leon, Abelardo

; Garcia-Arellano, Cesar

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Mar 2019, Volume 36 Nº 1 Páginas 335 - 350

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This paper presents a numerical analysis of entropy generation in a two-dimensional rectangular channel where the inlet flow undergoes thermal decomposition resulting from a chemical reaction. The model considered viscosity and thermal conductivity to be dependent of temperature. Irreversibility due to mass transport was included in the entropy generation analysis. Relevant applications of this study are possible for the design of power generation systems and reactors. The effects of the Reynolds number, Schmidt number, and length of the heat source on thermal fluid dynamics, mass transfer, and irreversibility were also investigated. It was found that thermal decomposition increases at: a) low Reynolds numbers, b) low Schmidt numbers, and c) increased length of heat source. Additionally, overall entropy generation increased when Reynolds number and length of heat source were increased, although in all cases, overall irreversibility attains a minimum value at a specific Schmidt number.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20190361s20170375 691 downloads

13.

Positive surgical margins are predictors of local recurrence in conservative kidney surgery for pT1 tumors
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Marchiñena, Patricio Garcia

; Tirapegui, Sebastián

; Gonzalez, Ignacio Tobia

; Jurado, Alberto

; Gueglio, Guillermo

International braz j urol

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Jun 2018, Volume 44 Nº 3 Páginas 475 - 482

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives: The clinical significance of positive surgical margin (PSM) after a Nephron Sparing Surgery (NSS) is controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between PSM and the risk of disease recurrence in patients with pT1 kidney tumors who underwent NSS. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study. A total of 314 patients submitted to a NSS due to stage pT1 renal tumor between January 2010 and June 2015 were included. Recurrence-free survival was estimated. The Cox model was used to adjust the tumor size, histological grade, pathological stage, age, surgical margins and type of approach. Results: Overall PSM was 6.3% (n=22). Recurrence was evidenced in 9.1% (n=2) of patients with PSM and 3.5% (n=10) for the group of negative surgical margin (NSM). The estimated local recurrence-free survival rate at 3 years was 96.4% (95% CI 91.9 to 100) for the NSM group and 87.8% (95% CI 71.9 to 100) for PSM group (p=0.02) with no difference in metastasis-free survival. The PSM and pathological high grade (Fuhrman grade III or IV) were independent predictors of local recurrence in the multivariate analysis (HR 12.9, 95%CI 1.8-94, p=0.011 / HR 38.3, 95%CI 3.1-467, p=0.004 respectively). Fuhrman grade proved to be predictor of distant recurrence (HR 8.1, 95%CI 1.6-39.7, p=0.011). Conclusions: The PSM in pT1 renal tumors showed to have higher risk of local recurrence and thus, worse oncological prognosis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0039 28248 downloads

14.

MULTIPLE VERTEBRAL FRACTURES AT THE “DR. MANUEL DUFOO” SPINE CLINIC
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Lizbeth, Collado Arce María Griselda

; Felipe, García López Ozcar

; Manuel, Dufoo Olvera

; Jesús, López Palacios José de

; Gerson, Goméz Flores

; Iván, Ladewig Bernaldez Guillermo

; Edith, Oropeza

; Antonio, Treviño Rivera Marco

; Erick, May Martínez

; Rodrigo, Silvas Vazquez Martín

; Guillermo, Pérez Jacobo

; Mariano, Garcia Roman Carlos

; Omar, Gonzalez Ruiz Oscar

Coluna/Columna

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Jun 2018, Volume 17 Nº 2 Páginas 143 - 146

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivos: Estabelecer a frequência de apresentação de múltiplas fraturas vertebrais e avaliar a relação de sua condição pós-cirúrgica e a lesão neurológica inicial, bem como relatar as lesões associadas neste grupo de pacientes. Métodos: Uma revisão dos casos com traumatismo espinhal e diagnóstico de fratura vertebral múltipla, que entraram no Spine Clinic “ Dr Manuel Dufoo Olvera “ Secretário da Cidade do México saúde da coluna vertebral, durante o período de 1 de janeiro de 2014 a 30 de Junho de 2017. A classificação divide fraturas múltiplas como contíguas e não contíguas, seguido pelo número de pessoas afetadas e os corpos de nível. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando fórmulas statística descritivas, então tabuladas e as informações representadas graficamente. Para avaliar a relação entre a classificação anatômica e do grau de lesão neurológica. Resultados: 530 Pacientes foram observados, dos quais 47 apresentaram os critérios necessários. 31 pacientes (65,95%) do estudo foram classificados com fraturas adjacentes contíguas e 16 casos (34,05%) como não contíguas. 14 doentes (29,78%) foram classificados com integridade neurológica ÁSIA D, 20 doentes (42,58%) apresentaram lesão completa ÁSIA A, sete doentes (14,89%) na ASIA B e seis doentes. (12,76%) com lesão incompleta ÁSIA C. Conclusão: A correlação entre a classificação das lesões da coluna vertebral e a presença de lesão neurológica não mostraram diferenças significativas entre fraturas adjacentes e não adjacentes. Nível de Evidência II; Restrospectivo.

ABSTRACT Objective: To establish the frequency of presentation of multiple vertebral fractures and evaluate the relationship between the postsurgical condition and the initial neurological lesion, as well as to report the associated injuries in this group of patients. Methods: We conducted a review of patients with spinal trauma and a diagnosis of multiple vertebral fractures who were admitted to the “Dr. Manuel Dufoo Olvera” Spine Clinic of the Secretary of Health of Mexico City from January 1,2014 to June 30, 2017. The multiple fractures were classified as either contiguous or non-contiguous, according to the number of vertebral bodies and levels affected. The statistical analysis was conducted using formulas of descriptive statistics and the information was then tabulated and graphed to assess the relationship between the anatomical classification and the degree of neurological injury. Results: We observed 530 patients, of whom 47 met the criteria. Thirty-one (65.95%) of the cases corresponded to contiguous fractures and 16 cases (34.05%) to non-contiguous fractures. Fourteen patients (29.78%) with neurological integrity were classified as ASIA D, 20 patients (42.58%) with complete lesion as ASIA A, 7 seven patients (14.89%) as ASIA B, and 6 patients (12.76%) with partial injury as ASIA C. Conclusions: The correlation between the classification of vertebral injuries and the presence of neurological lesion did not show significant differences between contiguous and non-contiguous fractures. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Establecer la frecuencia de presentación de las fracturas vertebrales múltiples y evaluar la relación de su condición postquirúrgica y la lesión neurológica inicial, así como relatar las lesiones asociadas en este grupo de pacientes. Métodos: Se realiza una revisión de los casos con traumatismo raquimedular y diagnóstico de fractura vertebral múltiple que ingresaron a la Clínica de Columna “Dr. Manuel Dufoo Olvera” de la Secretaría de Salud de Ciudad de México del 1° de enero de 2014 al 30 de junio del 2017. La clasificación divide las fracturas múltiples como contiguas y no contiguas, acorde al número de cuerpos afectados y el nivel.. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando fórmulas de estadística descriptiva, para después tabular y graficar la información, para evaluar la relación entre la clasificación anatómica y el grado de lesión neurológica. Resultados: Fueron observados 530 pacientes, de los cuales 47 presentaron los criterios necesarios. Treinta y un pacientes (65,95%) del estudio fueron clasificados con fracturas contiguas y 16 casos (34,05%) con no contiguas. Catorce pacientes (29,78%) fueron clasificados con integridad neurológica ASIA D, 20 pacientes (42,58%) presentaron lesión completa ASIA A, siete pacientes (14,89%) en ASIA B y seis pacientes (12,76%) con lesión incompleta ASIA C. Conclusiones: La correlación entre la clasificación de lesión de columna vertebral y la presencia de lesión neurológica no mostró diferencias significativas entre fracturas contiguas y no contiguas. Nivel de Evidencia II; Retrospectivo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120181702190994 1005 downloads

15.

Evaluación del estado nutricional de ancianos institucionalizados en el hogar de ancianos de Pinar del Río
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Valdés González, Maileni

; Hernández Rodríguez, Yunit

; Herrera Miranda, Guillermo Luís

; Rodríguez Garcia, Nelia Margarita

Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río

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Out 2017, Volume 21 Nº 5 Páginas 29 - 36

Resumo: Es | Texto: Es | PDF: Es

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