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Itinerários terapêuticos no cuidado em saúde em comunidades quilombolas
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Gomes, Rafael Fernandes

; Oliveira, Pâmela Scarlatt Durães

; Silva, Maria Luiza Oliveira

; Miranda, Sérgio Vinícius Cardoso de

; Sampaio, Cristina Andrade

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2024, Volume 29 Nº 3 elocation e01602023

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This article aimed to map therapeutic itineraries in health care within rural Quilombola communities in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is a section of a qualitative research conducted in six visited communities. The data was collected through 18 individual interviews, analyzed using the theoretical-methodological framework of Therapeutic Itineraries, and organized into three empirical themes. The narratives allowed for understanding the paths taken in health care by the Quilombola population, identifying the components of the popular subsystem (natural resources, the use of teas and home remedies), the family subsystem (transmission of knowledge and cultural heritage of care), and the professional subsystem (hospital level, medical care, primary and specialized attention). The difficulties of access are not only due to geographical distances, but also broader aspects of social determination, such as institutional racism, low availability of services, the need for payment for transportation and medical procedures. In this sense, it is necessary to have an approach and interventions from public policies to address ethnic-racial, economic, and access inequalities in health care services.

Resumo Este artigo teve como objetivo mapear os itinerários terapêuticos no cuidado em saúde em comunidades quilombolas rurais no norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada em seis comunidades visitadas. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de 18 entrevistas individuais, analisados pelo referencial teórico-metodológico dos itinerários terapêuticos e organizados em três temas empíricos. As narrativas permitiram a compreensão dos percursos trilhados no cuidado em saúde pela população quilombola, a identificação dos componentes do subsistema popular (recursos naturais, o uso de chás e remédios caseiros), do subsistema familiar (transmissão de conhecimentos e herança cultural de cuidados), e do subsistema profissional (nível hospitalar, cuidados médicos, atenção primária e especializada). As dificuldades de acesso não decorrem apenas das distâncias geográficas, envolvem aspectos mais amplos da determinação social, como o racismo institucional, a baixa oferta de serviços, a necessidade de pagamento para deslocamentos e procedimentos médicos. Nesse sentido, fazem-se necessárias uma abordagem e intervenções das políticas públicas frente às desigualdades étnico-raciais, econômicas e de acesso aos serviços de cuidado em saúde.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232024293.01602023

Assessing a cut-off point for the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding using the Menstrual Bleeding Questionnaire (MBQ): a validation and cultural translation study with Brazilian women
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Rezende, Gabriela Pravatta

; Brito, Luiz Gustavo Oliveira

; Gomes, Daniela Angerame Yela

; Souza, Leticia Mansano de

; Polo, Sergio

; Benetti-Pinto, Cristina Laguna

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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2024, Volume 142 Nº 1 elocation e2022539

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common condition, and the Menstrual Bleeding Questionnaire (MBQ) is used for its assessment. OBJECTIVES: To translate, assess the cut-off point for diagnosis, and explore psychometric properties of the MBQ for use in Brazilian Portuguese. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study including 200 women (100 with and 100 without AUB) at a tertiary referral center. METHODS: MBQ translation involved a pilot-testing phase, instrument adjustment, data collection, and back-translation. Cut-off point was obtained using receiver operating curve analysis. Menstrual patterns, impact on quality of life due to AUB, internal consistency, test-retest, responsiveness, and discriminant validity were assessed. For construct validity, the Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) and World Health Organization Quality of Life – abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF) were applied. RESULTS: Women with AUB were older, had higher body mass indices, and had a worse quality of life during menstruation. Regarding the MBQ's psychometric variables, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was > 0.70 in all analyses, high intraclass correlation coefficient was found in both groups; no ceiling and floor effects were observed, and construct validity was demonstrated (correlation between MBQ score, PBAC score, and clinical menstrual cycle data). No difference between MBQ and PBAC scores were perceived after the test-retest. Significant differences were found between MBQ and PBAC scores before and after treatment. An MBQ score ≥ 24 was associated with a high probability of AUB; accuracy of 98%. CONCLUSION: The MBQ is a reliable questionnaire for Brazilian women. The cut-off ≥ 24 shows high accuracy to discriminate AUB.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0539.r2.100423

Anamnestic response against bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus type 1 in young Holstein heifers vaccinated with four different commercial formulations
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Gomes, Viviani

; Baccili, Camila Costa

; Marques, Raquel Sousa

; Soriano, Sergio

; Pedroso, Natália Hettwer

; Flores, Eduardo Furtado

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 Nº 2 elocation e20220364

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the vaccine-induced serological response after administering four commercial formulations containing Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) type-1, BVDV-2, and Bovine Herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) to young heifers with circulating maternal antibody titers. The study also determined the anamnestic response to vaccinations after the complete metabolization of maternal antibodies when the calves reached six months. Eighty-seven Holstein heifers were selected and randomly distributed into four experimental groups based on the vaccine administered. The four vaccine-based experimental groups were as follows: vaccine A (n = 22), vaccine B (n = 22), vaccine C (n = 24), and vaccine D (n = 19), given on the 60th, 90th, and 180th day of life, respectively. Virus-neutralization (VN) tests were performed at baseline (day 60) and 30 days after administering the second (day 120) and third doses (day 210). We analyzed the effect of vaccine group (P ≤ 0.001), day of vaccination (P ≤ 0.001), and group versus vaccine day interaction (P ≤ 0.001) for antibody titers produced against BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and BoHV-1 using the PROC MIXED method (Statistical Analysis System -SAS 9.4). Antibody titers against BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and BoHV-1 were similar at baseline and on day 60 of life. The mean antibody titers were constant and persisted against BVDV-1 in heifers immunized with vaccines A and C. Heifers immunized with vaccine A alone had a similar effect against BVDV-2. Regarding BoHV-1, the antibody titers decreased between days 60 and 210 in groups B, C, and D. The antibody titer for heifers in group A also decreased between days 60 and day 120, and an intense increase in titers was observed on day 210. After being immunized with formulations B, C, and D, the frequency of animals with titers above protective levels for BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and BoHV-1 was very low or null. Indicators of anamnestic response were observed in heifers vaccinated with formulation A only. Therefore, it can be concluded that passive immunity negatively interferes with antibody production after vaccination.

RESUMO: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a resposta sorológica induzida após vacinação com quatro formulações comerciais contendo o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1 em novilhas jovens com títulos de anticorpos maternos circulantes, assim como analisar uma possível resposta anamnéstica em vacinações, após a completa metabolização dos anticorpos maternais aos seis meses de idade. Foram selecionadas 87 novilhas Holandesas, distribuídas aleatoriamente em quatro grupos experimentais de acordo com as vacinas: vacina A (n = 22), vacina B (n = 22), vacina C (n = 24) e vacina D (n = 19), aplicadas aos dias 60, 90 e 180 de vida. Testes de vírus-neutralização (VN) foram realizados no momento basal (D60) e 30 dias após a aplicação da 2ª dose (D120) e 3ª dose (D210). Observou-se efeito do grupo (P ≤ 0,001), dia da vacinação (P ≤ 0,001), e interação grupo versus dia (P ≤ 0,001) para os títulos de anticorpos produzidos contra o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1, por meio do comando PROC MIXED (Statistical Analysis System, versão 9,4). Os títulos de anticorpos contra o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1 eram semelhantes no momento basal aos 60 dias de vida. Os títulos médios de anticorpos foram constantes e persistentes contra o BVDV-1 nas novilhas imunizadas com as vacinas A e C, porém apenas a vacina A teve este mesmo perfil contra o BVDV-2. Em relação ao BoHV-1, os grupos B, C e D apresentaram queda nos títulos de anticorpos do D60 ao D210, enquanto as novilhas do grupo A apresentaram queda do D60 ao D120, com aumento intenso dos títulos no D210. A frequência de animais com títulos acima dos protetores contra o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1 foram muito baixos ou nulos após as vacinações nos animais imunizados com as formulações B, C e D. Sugere-se que a imunidade passiva interferiu negativamente na indução de anticorpos pelas vacinas, observando-se indicadores de resposta anamnéstica apenas para as novilhas vacinadas com a formulação A.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220364

Espiritualidade e religiosidade para mulheres umbandistas e candomblecistas: representação social e implicações na saúde
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Gomes, Antonio Marcos Tosoli

; Silva, Carla Marins

; Brandão, Juliana de Lima

; Couto, Pablo Luiz Santos

; Merces, Magno Conceição das

; Araújo, Michell Ângelo Marques

; Coelho, Manuela de Mendonça Figueirêdo

; Yarid, Sérgio Donha

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Set 2023, Volume 28 Nº 9 Páginas 2721 - 2731

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objeto de estudo se refere às representações da espiritualidade e da religiosidade para mulheres que pertencem às religiões afrodiaspóricas, em específico às que são fiéis da umbanda e do candomblé. Buscou-se analisar a estrutura representacional da espiritualidade e da religiosidade para mulheres umbandistas e candomblecistas com vistas a se pensar um modelo explicativo dessa construção simbólica e as implicações para a prática de cuidado na área da saúde. Estudo qualitativo, à luz das representações sociais em sua abordagem estrutural. Dados coletados com 207 mulheres umbandistas e candomblecistas por meio de evocações livres aos termos indutores espiritualidade e religiosidade, além da caracterização e da escala de religiosidade. As evocações foram submetidas às análises prototípica e de similitude com o Iramuteq, e os dados quantitativos, pela estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostram que os elementos centrais para a religiosidade são fé, crença, Deus e amor, enquanto para espiritualidade, fé, Orixás, Deus, paz e amor. A árvore de similitude explicita a centralidade da fé para a estruturação dessa representação. As representações se organizam ao redor da ideia de relação entre o humano e o divino.

Abstract The object of study refers to the representations of spirituality and religiosity for women who belong to Afro-diasporic religions, specifically those who are faithful to Umbanda and Candomblé. The objective was to analyze the representational structure of spirituality and religiosity for Umbandist and Candomblecist women with the aim of thinking of an explanatory model of this symbolic construction and implications for the practice of care in the area of health. Qualitative study, in the light of Social Representations in its structural approach. Data collected with 207 Umbandist and Candomblecist women through free evocations of the inducing terms “spirituality” and “religiosity”, in addition to the characterization and scale of religiosity. The evocations were submitted to prototypical and similarity analyses with Iramuteq, while quantitative data to descriptive statistics. The results show that the central elements for religiosity are faith, belief, God and love, while for spirituality, they are faith, Orixás, God, peace and love. The tree of similarity explains the centrality of faith for the structuring of this representation. The representations are organized around the idea of a relationship between the human and the divine.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023289.20172022

Espiritualidade e religiosidade para mulheres umbandistas e candomblecistas: representação social e implicações na saúde
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Gomes, Antonio Marcos Tosoli

; Silva, Carla Marins

; Brandão, Juliana de Lima

; Couto, Pablo Luiz Santos

; Merces, Magno Conceição das

; Araújo, Michell Ângelo Marques

; Coelho, Manuela de Mendonça Figueirêdo

; Yarid, Sérgio Donha

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Set 2023, Volume 28 Nº 9 Páginas 2721 - 2731

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023289.20172022

Vitamin D levels and their association with oxidative stress and inflammation markers in patients with cystic fibrosis
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Marques-Queiroz, Dayanna Joyce

; Silva, Alexandre Sérgio

; Costa-da Silva Júnior, Celso

; Camati-Persuh, Darlene

; da Silva-Diniz, Alcides

; Lira-Formiga-Cavalcanti-de Lima, Rafaela

; de Paiva, Maria Paula

; Braga-Cartaxo, Constantino Giovanni

; Gomes-de Matos-Bezerra, Patrícia

; Duarte-Ribeiro, Mateus

; Rodrigues-Gonçalves, Maria da Conceição

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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Abr 2023, Volume 40 Nº 2 Páginas 280 - 285

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: cystic fibrosis is a disease that causes inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolic changes that lead to nutrient deficiency, such as vitamin D deficiency. On the other hand, it is suggested that vitamin D has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and the association between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels with markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 48 patients with cystic fibrosis including children, adolescents and adults in the northeast region of Brazil. Blood collection was performed for analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, parathyroid hormone, inflammatory process (C-reactive protein [CRP] and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein-A1 [A1GPA]) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity [CAOT]). The statistical analysis was performed using the "Statistical Package for the Social Sciences", adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was found in 64.6 % of patients. After multiple linear regression analysis, MDA showed an inverse association with blood values of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (p < 0.05) conditioned by the presence of inflammatory process markers. When only oxidative stress was evaluated, this association disappeared. Conclusion: in conclusion, there was a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, with 25(OH)D levels associated with greater oxidative stress when combined with inflammatory markers. Improved vitamin D levels may be an alternative to reduce the damage caused by excess oxidative stress and inflammation in CF patients.

Resumen Introducción: la fibrosis quística es una enfermedad que cursa con inflamación, estrés oxidativo y cambios metabólicos que conducen a deficiencia de nutrientes como la vitamina D. Por otro lado, se sugiere que la vitamina D tiene acción antiinflamatoria y antioxidante. Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D y la asociación entre los niveles séricos de 25 hidroxivitamina D con los marcadores de estrés oxidativo e inflamación en pacientes con fibrosis quística. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 48 pacientes con fibrosis quística, niños, adolescentes y adultos, de la región nordeste de Brasil. Se realizó una extracción de sangre para el análisis de 25-hidroxivitamina D, calcio, hormona paratiroidea, proceso inflamatorio (proteína C-reactiva [PCR] y alfa-1-glucoproteína ácida-A1 [A1GPA]) y estrés oxidativo (malondialdehído [MDA] y capacidad antioxidante total [CAOT]). El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el "Paquete Estadístico para las Ciencias Sociales", adoptando un nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. Resultados: se encontró insuficiencia/deficiencia de vitamina D en el 64,6 % de los pacientes. Después de un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple, la MDA mostró una asociación inversa con los valores sanguíneos de 25-hidroxivitamina D (p < 0,05) condicionado a la presencia de marcadores de proceso inflamatorio; cuando solo se evalúa el estrés oxidativo, esta asociación desaparece. Conclusión: en conclusión, hubo una alta prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D, con niveles de 25(OH)D asociados a mayor estrés oxidativo cuando se combina con marcadores inflamatorios. La mejora de los niveles de vitamina D puede ser una alternativa para reducir el daño causado por el exceso de estrés oxidativo y la inflamación en pacientes con FQ.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04253

Amazonian Fruit Mari-Mari (Cassia leiandra Benth.): Identification of Flavonoids and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties
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Souza, Mayane P. de

; Sá, Ingrity Suelen C.

; Freitas, Flávio Augusto de

; Souza, Afonso D. L. de

; Nunomura, Sergio M.

; Muniz, Magno P.

; Pereira, Ana Paula R.

; Augusto, Bianca O.

; Gomes, Giovana B.

; Perdomo, Renata T.

; Macedo, Maria Lígia R.

; Weber, Simone S.

; Nunomura, Rita de Cassia S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2023, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 325 - 332

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Mari-mari (Cassia leiandra Benth.) is an Amazonian native fruit that is highly appreciated in the northern region of Brazil, but there are few studies regarding its chemical composition and/or biological properties. A phytochemical study was conducted on the extracts of the pulp, peel and seeds; and their antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential were also determined. Methanol and acetone extracts from different fruit parts were subjected to total phenolic, 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and FeIII reducing capacity (FRAP) assays. From the peel extracts, the engeletin and astilbin could also be isolated and characterized based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. A quantification using ultra-fast liquid chromatography of acetone dry crude extracts (DCE) of the peel showed that engeletin was the main compound (532.77 mg g-1 DCE). Astilbin content was also determined (131.53 mg g-1 DCE). The antibacterial and antiproliferative activities were evaluated and the methanol extract of the peel showed higher growth inhibition activity against all tested bacteria. Engeletin showed a relevant antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Acetone and methanol peel extracts exhibited a relevant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), with no toxicity to the normal cell line (NIH/3T3).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220111

A prática de injustiça epistêmica por atribuição de excesso de credibilidade a colaboradores premiados
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Oliveira, Sérgio Rodas Borges Gomes de

Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal

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Jan 2023, Volume 9 Nº 1 Páginas 205 - 236

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The present work examines the practice of epistemic injustice by attributition of credibility excess to awarded collaborators. The question that is being investigated is: do the collaborators’ narratives receive exaggerated confidence? In order to be characterized as a type of epistemic injustice, such excess of credibility must be due to identity prejudices (against the accused defendants) and in disagreement with the evidences of the process. The attribution of credibility excess to the versions of the collaborators is an implication of the automatic reduction of the weight attributed to the versions of the accused defendants. To address the issue, the probative value of the awarded collaboration in criminal proceedings will be discussed; explained the concept of “epistemic injustice”, identified by Miranda Fricker, and more recent developments by Jennifer Lackey and José Medina; and, finally, in order to assess whether there was epistemic injustice due to credibility excess attributed to awarded collaborators, one sentence handed down by ex-judge Sergio Moro in the scope of the Lava Jato operation.

Resumo O presente trabalho examina a prática de injustiça epistêmica por atribuição de excesso de credibilidade a colaboradores premiados. A questão que se investiga é: as narrativas de delatores recebem confiança exagerada? Para caracterizar-se como um tipo de injustiça epistêmica, tal excesso de credibilidade deve se dar em razão de preconceitos identitários (contra os réus delatados) e em desacordo com o conjunto probatório do processo. A atribuição de excesso de credibilidade às versões dos colaboradores é uma implicação da automática redução do peso atribuído às versões dos réus delatados. Para abordar a questão, será discutido o valor probatório da colaboração premiada no processo penal; explicado o conceito de “injustiça epistêmica”, identificado por Miranda Fricker, e os desenvolvimentos mais recentes de Jennifer Lackey e José Medina; e, por fim, de forma a avaliar se houve injustiça epistêmica por excesso de credibilidade atribuído a colaboradores premiados, será examinada uma sentença proferida pelo ex-juiz Sérgio Moro no âmbito da operação Lava Jato.

https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v9i1.782

Genotypic selection of pre-clultivars of carioca and early carioca beans for the Agreste-Sertão of Pernambuco, Brazil
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Nascimento, Maxwel Rodrigues

; Santos, Paulo Ricardo dos

; Costa, Antônio Félix da

; Daher, Rogério Figueiredo

; Oliveira, Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque de

; Souza, Alexandre Gomes de

; Costa, Kleyton Danilo da Silva

; Silva, Katiane da Rosa Gomes da

; Araújo, Emmanuelle Rodrigues

; Santana, Sérgio Rogério Alves de

; Silva, José Wilson da

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 Nº 6 elocation e20220031

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A interação genótipo x ambiente representa um grande desafio na identificação e seleção de genótipos responsivos às diversas condições de clima e solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e selecionar pré-cultivares de feijão carioca e feijão carioca precoce com base na adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade de grãos. Na safra 2014 foram conduzidos dois ensaios regionais de competição no estado de Pernambuco: feijão carioca (14 genótipos em Arcoverde, Belém de São Francisco, Caruaru e São João) e feijão carioca precoce (11 genótipos em Araripina, Arcoverde e Caruaru) e na safra de 2015 com feijão carioca precoce (11 genótipos, em Araripina, Arcoverde e Brejão). Os parâmetros foram estimados por meio de modelos mistos e a seleção foi realizada pelo método da Média Harmônica do Desempenho Relativo dos Valores Genéticos (MHPRVG), adotando-se três estratégias: i) seleção com base no valor genético predito, sem interação; ii) seleção com base no valor genético predito, considerando cada local; iii) seleção simultânea quanto à produtividade de grãos, adaptabilidade e estabilidade. Observou-se que os ambientes influenciaram na expressão fenotípica dos genótipos de feijão carioca e carioca precoce, configurando adaptação específica. Os genótipos BRS Notável, BRS Estilo e BRS Pérola, de feijão carioca, e CNFC 15875, BRS Notável e CNFC 15630, de feijão carioca precoce, apresentaram os melhores desempenhos nos ambientes testados, considerando-se, simultaneamente, a adaptabilidade a diferentes condições edafoclimáticas, estabilidade de desempenho e produtividade de grãos.

ABSTRACT: Genotype x environment interactions represent a major challenge in identifying and selecting genotypes responsive to different climate and soil conditions. This research evaluated and selected pre-cultivars of carioca bean and early carioca bean based on adaptability, stability, and grain yield. In the 2014 crop season, two regional competition trials were conducted in the state of Pernambuco: carioca beans (14 genotypes in Arcoverde, Belém de São Francisco, Caruaru and São João) and early carioca beans (11 genotypes in Araripina, Arcoverde, and Caruaru) and, in the 2015 crop season, with early carioca beans (11 genotypes in Araripina, Arcoverde, and Brejão). Parameters were estimated by mixed models, and the selection was performed using the Harmonic Mean of Relative Performance of Genetic Values (HMRPGV) method following three strategies: i) selection based on predicted genetic value with no interaction; ii) selection according to predicted genetic value considering each location; and iii) simultaneous selection for grain yield, adaptability, and stability. The environments influenced the phenotypic expression of the carioca and early carioca bean genotypes, representing a specific adaptation. The genotypes BRS Notável, BRS Estilo and BRS Pérola, of carioca beans, and CNFC 15875, BRS Notável and CNFC 15630, of early carioca beans, had the best results in the environments tested, regarding, simultaneously, adaptability to different soil and climate conditions, performance stability, and grain yield.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220031

10.

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

11.

Educação financeira à luz da BNCC: concepções de docentes do ensino profissional e tecnológico
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Sousa, Richarles de Araújo

; Lobão, Mário Sérgio Pedroza

; Freitas, Renata Gomes de Abreu

Educação e Pesquisa

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2023, Volume 49 elocation e251296

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study describes the results of an investigation regarding the characteristics of financial education teaching, in one of the teaching units of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Acre (Ifac). In this sense, the objective was to verify and characterize, from the teaching perspective, if and how the transversal practice of financial education occurs in the curriculum of integrated technical courses, observing whether such practices correspond to that established by the new National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). This is a qualitative approach research, of exploratory nature, in which sixteen teachers participated, the data being collected with the application of an organized questionnaire with open and closed questions. The analysis and interpretation of the data were based on the Thematization methodology. The study pointed out that the practice of financial education, in the light of the new BNCC, has not yet been implemented in the locus of study and that no traces yet point to transversal initiatives on the topic, which ends up disfavoring the integral training of students. Finally, the study indicated that stimulating actions to promote financial education in the curriculum of the integrated technical courses of Ifac is necessary, thus favoring the teaching and learning of the theme, which will contribute to an integrative education in the locus of study.

Resumo Este estudo descreve os resultados de uma investigação a respeito das características do ensino da educação financeira, em uma das unidades de ensino do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Acre (Ifac). Nesse sentido, objetivou-se verificar e caracterizar, sob a perspectiva docente, se e como ocorre a prática transversal da educação financeira no currículo dos cursos técnicos integrados, observando se tais práticas correspondem ao estabelecido pela nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa e de caráter exploratório, da qual participaram dezesseis docentes. Os dados foram coletados via aplicação de um questionário organizado com perguntas abertas e fechadas. A análise e interpretação dos dados baseou-se na metodologia de tematização. O estudo mostrou que a prática de educação financeira, à luz da nova BNCC ainda não foi implementada no lócus de estudo e que ainda não há vestígios que apontem para iniciativas de inserção transversal da temática, o que acaba por desfavorecer a formação integral dos estudantes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-4634202349251296por

12.

Diversity and conservation of fishes from karstic areas of the Jandaíra Formation in the Brazilian semiarid
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Abrantes, Yuri Gomes

; Bennemann, Ana Beatriz Alves

; Lustosa-Costa, Silvia Yasmin

; Bento, Diego de Medeiros

; Ramos, Telton Pedro Anselmo

; Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2023, Volume 63 elocation e202363011

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Few studies have focused on non-troglomorphic fishes occurring in Brazilian caves, especially those in the Caatinga region. The present study is the first survey of fishes from karstic areas of the Jandaíra Formation in Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil. This region is characterized by a high concentration of caves and a rich subterranean biodiversity, especially of troglobitic invertebrates, but remains considered a gap on the knowledge of the subterranean ichthyofauna in Brazil. Four field expeditions were carried out covering two dry and two rainy seasons, in 2018 and 2019, in 23 localities in small river basins along the western part of the Jandaíra Formation. A total of 829 fish specimens, none of them troglomorphic, was captured and identified as belonging to 25 species of 12 families and five orders. Amongst them, four species are endemic of the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga ecoregion, and two non-native species were recorded. Habitats were classified into three categories: superficial, associated to cave, and cave. Although no troglomorphic fish species was found in this study, we recorded 64.1% of the Apodi-Mossoró river ichthyofauna occurring in caves or associated to caves, corroborating the hypothesis that part of the ichthyofauna exploits these environments as a refuge during the dry season. In addition, we suggest conservation policies for the maintenance of subterranean and aquatic semiarid ecosystems in the Jandaira formation, which is currently under threat due to anthropogenic activities, such as mining and deforestation.

https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2023.63.011

13.

Diversity and abundance of terrestrial molluscs and their associated nematode fauna in urban kitchen gardens in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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OLIVEIRA, KARINA L. DE

; RODRIGUES, PAULO SÉRGIO

; DECANINE, DANIELE

; GOMES, SUZETE R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 1 elocation e20220249

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Terrestrial molluscs can become agricultural pests and transmit parasites, playing an important role in different biological communities. In the present study, we evaluated the diversity and abundance of this group in two horticultural areas in Rio de Janeiro (Manguinhos and Jacarepaguá neighborhoods), as well the presence of parasitic nematodes associated with these molluscs. We collected specimens in the austral spring and summer, with four sites being sampled within each study area, including malabar spinach, sweet potato, chicory greens, and cassava plantations, and one site in an adjacent, non-cultivated area. We collected a total of 522 live mollusc specimens and identified 16 species from 10 different families. The greatest abundance of molluscs was recorded in summer (363) and at Jacarepaguá (309). Overall, 174 (57%) of the 303 specimens analyzed parasitologically were positive for nematodes. Larvae of superfamily Metastrongyloidea, which includes nematodes that are a concern for public health and veterinary medicine, were found parasitizing the slug Sarasinula linguaeformis, in Manguinhos. Our results contribute to understanding of the diversity of terrestrial molluscs occurring in kitchen gardens in the city of Rio de Janeiro, and provide important insights for generating subsidies for health education actions and control of parasitic diseases transmitted by them.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220249

14.

Lung and physical function in post COVID-19 and clinical and functional associations: a cross-sectional study in Brazil
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Nascimento, Weris Lany Carapia do

; Moura, Diana Magnavita

; Almeida, Katna De Oliveira

; Gomes-Neto, Mansueto

; Jezler, Sérgio Fernandes de Oliveira

; Alves, Iura Gonzalez Nogueira

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 69 Nº 4 elocation e20221436

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess exercise capacity, lung and physical function in COVID-19 survivors, and the association of lesion-level characteristics assessed by chest computed tomography, probable sarcopenia, and percentage of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide with clinical and functional variables. METHODS: This study was conducted in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. All patients had a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 exposure history, pulmonary function, computed tomography, and functionality of the participants between 1 and 3 months of diagnosis of the disease were collected. RESULTS: A total of 135 patients after COVID-19 recovery were included in this study. Probable sarcopenia, reduction in percentage of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and a lower 6-min walk distance were observed after COVID-19 infection. Computed tomography>50% was associated with a longer length of stay and a lower percentage of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. Probable sarcopenia diagnosis was associated with a worse percentage of the predicted 6-min walk distance in relation to the predicted, absolute 6-min walk distance (m), percentage of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and percentage of total lung capacity. CONCLUSION: Muscle disability and lung dysfunction are common in COVID-19 survivors. Hospitalization was associated with the worst muscle force and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. Computed tomography characteristics could be a marker of prolonged hospital stay after the acute phase of COVID-19. Additionally, the probable diagnosis of sarcopenia could be a marker of impact on walking distance. These results highlight the need for long-term follow-up of those patients and rehabilitation programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20221436

15.

Nematodes and acanthocephalans of hygienic-sanitary importance parasitizing Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (Actinopterygii) collected from fish markets of the municipality of Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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MENEZES, Priscila Queiroz Faria de

; FONSECA, Michelle Cristie Gonçalves da

; GOMES, Delir Corrêa

; SÃO CLEMENTE, Sergio Carmona de

; KNOFF, Marcelo

Food Science and Technology

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e1119022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Hyporthodus niveatus is an appreciated and valuable commercial fish species in the municipality of Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, due its excellent quality flesh. The constant presence of helminths in the abdominal musculature, viscera and serosa of individuals of the species has been the subject of complaints among local fish traders because of economic losses due to their repugnant aspect. Considering their hygienic-sanitary importance and significance for collective health, the presence of helminths was investigated in 20 individual fish of H. niveatus purchased from fish markets in the municipality of Niterói in 2021-2022. Nematodes, identified as third-instar larvae of Contracaecum sp., Terranova sp., Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum and Raphidascaris sp., were found parasitizing the intestine and abdominal cavity. Acanthocephalans, identified as juveniles of Corynosoma australe, were found parasitizing the intestine. The highest parasitic indices were for H. deardorffoverstreetorum, with prevalence of 30%, mean intensity of 1.5, mean abundance of 0.45 and infection ranges of 1-2. Considerations about the zoonotic potential and hygienic-sanitary significance of these parasites are presented in order to increase food safety for consumers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.1119022

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