ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing choline chloride with a plant source of choline on the locomotor system, liver health, and development of breast myopathies in broilers aged 1-42 days of age. We allocated 1,120 one-day-old Cobb broilers to four treatment groups and fed them commercial diets based on corn and soybean meal. The treatments included choline in the form of 1,800.00 mg/kg choline chloride; 1,350.00 mg/kg choline chloride + 450.00 mg/kg herbal choline; 900.00 mg/kg choline chloride + 900.00 mg/kg herbal choline; and 1,000.00 mg/kg herbal choline. Each treatment group had eight replications. Throughout the experiment, gait score, footpad dermatitis, hock burn, and leg deformities (valgus and varus) were evaluated in the birds at 28 and 35 days of age. After slaughter, parameters such as breast myopathies, tibial dyschondroplasia score, and histological slides of the pectoral muscle, liver, and proximal tibial epiphysis were assessed. The results demonstrated good hepatic and locomotor health in the broilers, as no classical signs of choline deficiency were observed. Statistical analyses indicated no significant differences between treatments in terms of liver and locomotor health, suggesting that broilers fed diets supplemented with the plant source did not experience choline deficiency. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found between treatments regarding breast myopathies. Overall, the tested choline plant source can effectively replace choline chloride in broiler diets.

Abstract Introduction: Vascular graft infections are a rare and severe complication of open aortic surgery. As such, strategies to improve diagnosis and management are paramount. Nevertheless, there is little evidence regarding the factors associated with a higher susceptibility of infection. Moreover, there is little consensus on the best diagnostic workup and most adequate approaches to control and mitigate this surgical complication. We aim to summarize the latest evidence on aortic graft infection through a narrative review. Methods: We conducted a literature search in a medical database (PubMed) and included studies on vascular graft infection and aortic repair. Results: So far, patient-related comorbidities (such as diabetes, smoking, advanced age and chronic kidney disease), as well as procedure-related factors (location and type of graft, postoperative hyperglycemia, bacteremia, emergency setting), have been reported. Unlike extracavitary infections, aortic graft infections may present with subtle or no clinical manifestations. Aortoenteric fistulas are the exception to the rule, carrying a significantly higher mortality rate. All patients should be thoroughly tested with full blood counts, blood cultures and extensive imaging studies. Adequate antibiotic therapy is one of the pillars of treatment and should not be delayed. The selection of the antimicrobial regimen should be personalized and made in a multidisciplinary team. Surgical strategies are of paramount importance in controlling infection. These can be divided into graft-sparing techniques and graft explantation. The choice of the appropriate approach depends on the surgeon’s experience, the extent of disease and the patient’s general status and comorbidities. Conclusion: Aortic graft infections are a rare and severe complication of vascular surgery. A swift diagnosis and management are paramount. Despite significant efforts on how to treat the infection with more adequate antibiotic and surgical therapies, effective preventive measures and a clear definition of predisposing factors remain the main areas for future studies.

Abstract Mineral profiles of eleven fruits from the northeastern Brazilian agrobiodiversity have been determined. Samples of cajui, murici, pequi, jenipapo, mangaba, bacuri, caja, umbu-caja, umbu, pitanga and araça fruits were digested and element content determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The accuracy of method was performed using SRM 2338 and all elements were statistically similar with 95% of confidence. Potassium is present in higher amounts in the edible part of the fruits, ranging from 107 to 402 mg 100 g-1, followed by P in the range 16 - 150 mg 100 g-1. Iron, presents the lowest content, ranges from 0.07 to 1.1 mg 100 g-1. Caja and umbu-caja fruits are noteworthy sources of P. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Principal Component Analysis were performed in order to check similarities between the fruit groups according to the trace element content. The data provide a source of information characterizing the Brazilian biodiversity and it may help the nutritional intake of these fruits in the region.

Objetivo: 1) analisar a idade gestacional de início do pré-natal e aspectos associados; 2) analisar o número de consultas realizadas e aspectos associados; e 3) identificar as razões para o início tardio do pré-natal e para a realização de menos de quatro consultas entre puérperas residentes em Nampula, Moçambique. Método: estudo transversal com 393 puérperas, que responderam a um instrumento estruturado em entrevistas face a face. Utilizou-se regressão logística para analisar aspectos associados a ter iniciado o pré-natal até 16ª semana de gestação, ter realizado quatro ou mais consultas de pré-natal e relatar as duas situações simultaneamente. Resultados: todas as puérperas realizaram pré-natal, mas apenas 39,9% iniciaram pré-natal até a 16ª semana de gravidez; 49,1% realizaram quatro ou mais consultas e 34,1% relataram ambos eventos. O ensino secundário (ORaj=1,99; IC95%=1,19-3,31;) ou superior (ORaj=3,87; IC95% 1,47-10,18) foram aspectos associados a reportar ambas situações. As razões para início tardio do pré-natal e realização de menos de quatro consultas foram: não achar importante realizar várias consultas, não ter fácil acesso ao centro de saúde, não saber que estava grávida e não ter acompanhante para as consultas. Conclusão: a idade gestacional de início do pré-natal e o número de consultas realizadas são inferiores às recomendações vigentes no país.

Objective: 1)to assess the gestational age at the beginning of antenatal care and its covariates; 2)to assess the number of antenatal visits and its covariates; and 3)to identify the reasons for the late initiation of antenatal care and for attending less than four visits among postpartum women living in Nampula, Mozambique. Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 393 mothers who answered a structured instrument in face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression was used to analyze the covariates of having initiated antenatal care up to the 16thgestational week, having attended four or more antenatal visits, and reporting both situations simultaneously. Results: all postpartum women underwent antenatal care, but only 39.9% started it until the 16thgestational week, 49.1% attended four or more visits, and 34.1% reported both events. Having concluded high school (ORadj=1.99; 95%CI=1.19-3.31) or college (ORadj=3.87; 95%CI=1.47-10.18) were aspects associated with reporting both situations. The reasons for the late initiation of antenatal care and attending less than four visits were as follows: not finding it important to attend several visits, not having easy access to the health facility, not being aware about pregnancy, and not having a companion for the visits. Conclusion: the gestational age at the beginning of antenatal care and the number of antenatal visits are lower than the current recommendations in the country.

Objetivo: 1) analizar la edad gestacional al inicio del control prenatal y aspectos asociados; 2) analizar el número de consultas realizadas y aspectos asociados; y 3) identificar las razones del inicio tardío del control prenatal y de la realización de menos de cuatro consultas por parte de las mujeres posparto que residen en Nampula, Mozambique. Método: estudio transversal con 393 puérperas, que respondieron a un instrumento estructurado en entrevistas presenciales. Se utilizó regresión logística para analizar aspectos asociados a haber iniciado el control prenatal como máximo en la semana 16 de gestación, haber asistido a cuatro o más consultas prenatales y reportar ambas situaciones simultáneamente. Resultados: todas las puérperas realizaron el control prenatal, pero solo el 39,9% lo inició como máximo en la semana 16 de gestación; el 49,1% realizó cuatro o más consultas y el 34,1% informó ambos eventos. La educación secundaria (ORaj=1,99; IC95%=1,19-3,31) o la educación superior (ORaj=3,87; IC95% 1,47-10,18) fueron aspectos asociados al informe de ambas situaciones. Las razones del inicio tardío del control prenatal y de la realización de menos de cuatro consultas fueron: no considerar que fuera importante realizar varias consultas, no tener fácil acceso al centro de salud, no saber que estaba embarazada y no tener acompañante para las consultas. Conclusión: la edad gestacional para iniciar el control prenatal y el número de consultas realizadas son inferiores a las recomendaciones vigentes en el país.

RESUMO Introdução: A terapia de substituição renal continua associada a altas taxas de hospitalização e baixa qualidade de vida. A morbimortalidade por todas as causas na terapia de substituição renal é superior a 20% ao ano, sendo 44 vezes maior quando a diabetes está presente e mais de 10 vezes a da população em geral. Independentemente do tratamento, a sobrevida em 5 anos é de 40%, superando muitos tipos de câncer. A irisina é um hormônio que converte tecido adiposo branco em tecido adiposo bege, agregando efeitos positivos como o controle de massa gorda, tolerância à glicose, resistência à insulina, prevenção de perda muscular e redução da inflamação sistêmica. Objetivos: Determinar os níveis séricos de troponina I em pacientes em hemodiálise submetidos ao pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto (PCIR) associado à expressão da irisina. Métodos: Estudo clínico prospectivo, randomizado, duplo-cego, com pacientes com doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise por um período de 6 meses. Os níveis de troponina I, IL-6, uréia, TNF-α e creatinina foram determinados a partir de amostras de sangue. As expressões de irisina, tioredoxina, Nf-kb, GPX4, selenoproteína e GADPH foram também avaliadas por RT-PCR. Resultados: Foram analisadas amostras de 14 pacientes hipertensos, 9 (64,3%) dos quais eram diabéticos tipo 2, com idades entre 44 e 64 anos e 50% de cada gênero. A diferença entre os níveis pré e pós-intervenção de troponina I não foi significativa. Não houve diferenças entre os grupos PCIR e controle, exceto pela IL-6, embora tenha sido observada correlação significativa entre irisina e troponina I. Conclusão: O pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto não modificou a expressão de irisina ou troponina I, independentemente do tempo de coleta.

ABSTRACT Background: Renal replacement therapy continues to be related to high hospitalization rates and poor quality of life. All-cause morbidity and mortality in renal replacement therapy in greater than 20% per year, being 44 times greater when diabetes is present, and over 10 times that of the general population. Regardless of treatment, the 5-year survival is 40%, surpassing many types of cancers. Irisin is a hormone that converts white adipose tissue into beige adipose tissue, aggregating positive effects like fat mass control, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, prevention of muscle loss, and reduction in systemic inflammation. Objectives: To determine the serum levels of troponin I in hemodialysis patients submitted to remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) associated with irisin expression. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial with patients with chronic kidney disease submitted to hemodialysis for a 6-month period. Troponin I, IL-6, urea, TNF-α, and creatinine levels were determined from blood samples. The expressions of irisin, thioredoxin, Nf-kb, GPX4, selenoprotein and GADPH were also evaluated by RT-PCR. Results: Samples from 14 hypertensive patients were analyzed, 9 (64.3%) of whom were type 2 diabetics, aged 44-64 years, and 50% of each sex. The difference between pre- and post-intervention levels of troponin I was not significant. No differences were verified between the RIPC and control groups, except for IL-6, although a significant correlation was observed between irisin and troponin I. Conclusion: Remote ischemic preconditioning did not modify irisin or troponin I expression, independent of the time of collection.

RESUMO A síndrome de Kounis, enquanto síndrome coronária aguda, ocorre em um contexto de reação de hipersensibilidade, alergia ou anafilaxia, e subdivide-se em três tipos: o espasmo coronário em artérias normais, a instabilidade de placas em artérias coronárias ateroscleróticas e a trombose de stent coronário. Apresenta-se o caso de uma doente de 73 anos que, após administração de amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico, entra em parada cardiorrespiratória, com evidência de supradesnivelamento do segmento ST-T em eletrocardiograma. Realiza coronariografia com ausência de lesões obstrutivas, verificando-se resolução espontânea das alterações eletrocardiográficas. Revisão da anamnese com a família documenta alergia prévia à penicilina. O doseamento de triptase foi fortemente positivo. Foi admitida provável síndrome de Kounis tipo 2, com boa evolução clínica posterior.

ABSTRACT Kounis syndrome, while an acute coronary syndrome, occurs in the context of a hypersensitivity reaction, allergies, or anaphylaxis and is subdivided into three types: coronary spasm in normal arteries, instability of plaques in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, and thrombosis of coronary stents. Herein, the case of a 73-year-old patient who, after administration of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, went into cardiorespiratory arrest with evidence of ST-T segment elevation on electrocardiogram is reported. Coronarography revealed no obstructive lesions, and spontaneous resolution of electrocardiographic abnormalities was observed. A review of anamnesis with the family revealed a previous allergy to penicillin. The tryptase dosage was strongly positive. Kounis syndrome type 2 was diagnosed, and the clinical outcome was good.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é construir uma tabela de conteúdo de iodo de alimentos visto que tais informações são necessárias para que políticas públicas possam estabelecer metas nutricionais e no Brasil não existem dados do conteúdo de iodo dos alimentos, dificultando a avaliação do consumo pela população. Na construção da tabela utilizou-se bancos de dados de 14 países. Os alimentos utilizados foram aqueles listados na Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares de 2008-2009, exceto aqueles que continham sal de adição e os que suscitaram dúvidas em relação à existência de submissão ou não a algum preparo. A compilação dos bancos de dados internacionais do conteúdo de iodo resultou em 266 alimentos, os quais foram reunidos em 15 grupos. Foi realizada também a quantificação de iodo por grupo de alimentos e no sal iodado. Os dados foram apresentados como mediana, mínimo e máximo. Foi encontrada grande variação no conteúdo de iodo dos alimentos entre os países e inter e intra grupos de alimentos. Os que apresentaram maiores conteúdos foram o dos pescados e frutos do mar e dos laticínios. Em relação à iodação do sal, os países seguiram a recomendação da Organização Mundial da Saúde, exceto, Espanha, Noruega e Turquia. A tabela do conteúdo de iodo de alimentos poderá ser um instrumento útil para avaliação da ingestão de iodo, sendo importante em pesquisa do estado nutricional, orientação alimentar e programas de saúde pública.

ABSATRCT In Brazil, there are no data on the iodine content of foods, making it difficult for the population to assess their consumption of iodine. Such information is necessary for public policies aimed at establishing nutritional goals. The objective this article is to construct a table of the iodine content of foods. For the construction of the table, databases from 14 countries were used. The foods used were those listed in the 2008-2009 Household Budget Survey, except those containing added salt, and the doubts about whether or not the food was submitted to any kind of preparation. The compilation of international databases of iodine content resulted in 266 foods, which were grouped into 15 groups. Iodine was also quantified by food group and iodized salt. Data were presented as median, minimum, and maximum. A broad variation in the iodine content of foods was found between countries and inter- and intra-food groups. Those with the highest content were fish and seafood, and dairy products. Regarding salt iodization, these countries followed the recommendation of the World Health Organization, except for Spain, Norway and Turkey. The Food Iodine Content Table can be a useful tool for assessing iodine intake, being important in research on nutritional status, food guidance, and public health programs.

As infeções vasculares protésicas continuam a ser um desafio médico complexo. A evolução da flora hospitalar e o desenvolvimento da cirurgia vascular têm contribuído para uma mudança na realidade das infeções protésicas, tornando imperativo conhecer o contexto microbiológico atual destas infeções para o seu adequado tratamento. Estas infeções dependem de fatores endógenos e exógenos e variam consoante o tempo de apresentação, localização da prótese vascular e ambiente microbiológico do doente. A morbimortalidade associada a este diagnóstico é elevada e o tratamento deve ser adaptado ao doente em questão, sendo necessário conhecer o microrganismo e as várias possibilidades de tratamento existentes. O conhecimento dos fatores predisponentes da infeção protésica vascular, o seu reconhecimento precoce e prevenção deve ser realizada em todos os doentes e num contexto de cuidados de saúde multidisciplinares.

Vascular graft infections are still to date a complex medical challenge. The evolution of the hospital flora and development of the vascular surgery field has led to a change in the reality of these infections, making it important to know their current microbiological context in order to provide better care. These infections depend on endogenous and exogenous factors and vary according to the timing of infection, localization and microbiological environment of the patient. There is a high morbidity and mortality associated with these conditions and the treatment must be tailored to patient in question, making it necessary to know the underlying bacteria and the variety of treatment options available. The knowledge of predisposing factors, the high index of suspicion and correct diagnosis and prevention must be performed in all patients and in a multidisciplinary matter.

Abstract Three paste formulations were developed for four fruits: caja, murici with mango and pitanga, with differentiated percentages of fruit pulp, organic honey and gellan gum. Pulps, honey and fruit paste formulations were analyzed by antioxidant capacity, vitamin C and in vitro bioaccessibility. All formulations showed a high content of vitamin C, antioxidant action and the bioaccessibility. All the formulations were accepted regarding the overall impression, except MM3 (murici pulp:mango pulp:honey 50:50:00 and 0.25% gellan gum) and PI1 (pitanga pulp: honey 90:10 and 0.6% gellan gum). Therefore, fruit pastes are options to encourage consumption of tropical fruits of agro-biodiversity in the Brazilian Northeast.

Introdução: Apresenta-se um relato de caso sobre doença arterial periférica em que o papel do médico de família é relevante em vários momentos: no controlo dos fatores de risco modificáveis, na coordenação da equipa de cuidados de saúde primários e na avaliação longitudinal do doente que, por sua vez, pode ser fundamental para o diagnóstico, prognóstico e seleção da opção terapêutica ao fornecer informação relevante aos cuidados de saúde secundários. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 82 anos com dislipidemia, hipertensão e diabetes mellitus tipo 2, orientada e autónoma nas atividades de vida diária, iniciou úlceras arteriais de difícil cicatrização que infetaram. No contexto de sepsia foi detetada alteração do estado de consciência e assumido o diagnóstico de demência. Perante o quadro de insuficiência arterial grave bilateral dos membros inferiores foi proposta amputação. Esta foi recusada pela família e a doente teve alta para lar. Com o controlo da infeção recuperou o prévio estado de consciência. Foi reavaliada e proposta revascularização com sucesso. Houve cicatrização completa das úlceras com recuperação da autonomia e qualidade de vida prévia. Avaliando retrospetivamente o controlo dos fatores de risco vasculares detetam-se oportunidades não aproveitadas de otimização do mesmo. Os cuidados de enfermagem continuados durante vários meses não foram adequadamente intercalados por observações médicas, quer nos cuidados de saúde primários quer secundários. No diagnóstico de demência durante o estado de sepsia não foi considerada a informação do médico de família ou da família acerca do estado de consciência prévio da doente. Comentário: Este caso mostra um bom desfecho (manutenção da autonomia e da qualidade de vida), salienta a importância do controlo dos fatores de risco de doença arterial periférica, da articulação entre profissionais nos cuidados de saúde (entre médicos e enfermeiros e entre cuidados de saúde primários e secundários) e das implicações que um adequado diagnóstico diferencial de alterações do estado de consciência tem para o prognóstico.

Introduction: We present a case report on peripheral arterial disease, in which we highlight the relevance of the role of the family doctor in various moments: management of modifiable risk factors, coordination of the primary care team, and longitudinal evaluation of the patient which, in turn, may be crucial for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic choice, by providing relevant information to secondary care. Case description: An 82- year old woman with dyslipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes, oriented and independent in her daily life activities, developed difficult-to-heal arterial ulcers which became infected. In the context of sepsis, a change in the mental status was detected and the diagnosis of dementia was assumed. Amputation was proposed in the presence of extensive bilateral peripheral arterial insufficiency of the lower limbs. This option was refused by the family and the patient was discharged to a nursing home. Infection control resulted in the recovery of the previous mental status. The patient was reassessed and a successful revascularization was performed. The ulcers healed completely, with recovery of the previous levels of autonomy and quality of life. Evaluating retrospectively the management of vascular risk factors, missed optimization opportunities were detected. For several months, continued nursing care was not adequately coordinated with medical observations, neither in primary nor in secondary care. The diagnosis of dementia during sepsis did not take in account information from the patient’s family, or of her family physician, on her previous mental status. Comment: This case report shows a good ending (maintenance of autonomy and quality of life), stressing the importance of controlling the risk factors for peripheral arterial disease, of the articulation between various health care professionals (between doctors and nurses, and between doctors in primary and secondary care), and the implications of an adequate differential diagnosis of altered mental status in the patient’s prognosis.

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de seis estádios de maturação nas características físico-químicas da acerola cultivar Olivier. Os frutos foram obtidos de plantas presentes no pomar experimental da Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com seis pontos de maturação e quatro repetições. As características avaliadas foram: pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, ratio, ácido ascórbico (vitamina C), açúcares redutores, açúcares totais, sacarose e cor. Foi observada redução do ácido ascórbico e dos açúcares totais com a maturação total dos frutos. Para a sacarose houve aumento em seus teores com a maturação dos frutos. Em relação ao ácido ascórbico, verificou-se menores concentrações em frutos totalmente maduros (1675.67 mg/100 g de massa fresca) quando comparados aos frutos totalmente verdes com média de 3175.67 mg/100 g de massa fresca.

The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of six ripening stages on physicochemical characteristics of acerola fruits from cultivar Olivier. The fruits were obtained at Experimental Orchard of the Sao Paulo State University. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six ripening staged and four replications. The physicochemical characteristics evaluated were pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), reducing sugars, total sugars, sucrose and colour. There was a decrease in the levels of ascorbic acid and total sugars at full ripeness. However, the levels of sucrose increased during ripening. With regards to the ascorbic acid, there were significant differences for all six maturity stages, by the time the peel colour was quite red, meaning its fully ripened stage, it presented 1675.67 mg/100 g of fresh weight, hence lower than fully green (3175.67 mg/100 g of fresh weight).

This paper explored the effect of adding organic fibers from either bamboo or sugarcane on the mechanical properties of concrete. Cylindrical and prismatic specimens were made containing 2% and 5% v/w (volume to weight) of vegetable fibers to concrete. Following 28 days of curing period, the samples were evaluated for compressive strength, tensile strength using diametric compression, tensile strength during bending and static modulus. It was discovered that all concretes produced met the minimum strength of 20 MPa recommended by NBR 6118 for structural purposes, and it was observed an increase of the compressive strength on the specimens with addition of organic fibers. Moreover, an increase in the compressive strength was observed in the specimens with fiber addition, although no significant variation of water absorption was noticed when compared with the standard concrete. In conclusion, the concrete containing 2% v/w of bamboo fibers showed better mechanical strength and static modulus of elasticity when compared to both concrete with sugar cane fibers addition and the concrete without any additional fibers.

The purpose was to determine the prevalence and related factors of vitamin D (VitD) insufficiency in adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus. A cohort of 65 patients (17.6 ± 2 years) at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were examined for pubertal development, nutrition, serum parathormone and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [s25(OH)D]. s25(OH)D levels < 30 ng/mL (< 75 nmol/L) were defined as VitD insufficiency. CD4+ T-cell counts and viral load, history of worst clinical status, immunologic status as nadir, current immunologic status, and antiretroviral (ART) regimen were also evaluated as risk factors for VitD insufficiency. Mean s25(OH)D was 37.7 ± 13.9 ng/mL and 29.2% had VitD insufficiency. There was no difference between VitD status and gender, age, nutritional status, clinical and immunological classification, and type of ART. Only VitD consumption showed tendency of association with s25(OH)D (p = 0.064). Individuals analysed in summer/autumn season had a higher s25(OH)D compared to the ones analysed in winter/spring (42.6 ± 14.9 vs. 34.0 ± 11.9, p = 0.011). Although, the frequency of VitD insufficiency did not differ statistically between the groups (summer/autumn 17.9% vs. winter/spring 37.8%, p = 0.102), we suggest to monitor s25(OH)D in seropositive adolescents and young adults, especially during winter/spring months, even in sunny regions.

RESUMO Objetivo O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer evidências de validade e precisão da Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R). Métodos Contou-se com uma amostra não probabilística de 709 praticantes de exercício físico de todo o Brasil, com idades variando entre 12 e 73 anos (M = 25,7; DP = 8,43), a maioria do sexo masculino (55,1%) e apresentando o estado civil solteiro (75,5%). Os participantes responderam a EDS-R e questões demográficas. Procurando conhecer a estrutura fatorial, foram utilizados procedimentos de análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória. Adicionalmente, a fim de avaliar a precisão do instrumento, efetuaram-se cálculos de alfa de Cronbach (consistência interna) e correlações de r de Pearson. Resultados A partir das análises exploratórias (principal axis factoring), foi observada uma variância explicada de 62,7% para uma estrutura de sete fatores. A consistência interna total da escala foi de 0,88, com índices de alfa de Cronbach variando de 0,68 a 0,89 entre os fatores. Os coeficientes de correlação variaram de 0,10 a 0,65, apontando para uma inter-relação entre as dimensões. Os procedimentos de análise fatorial confirmatória corroboraram a estrutura heptafatorial a partir de indicadores satisfatórios de bondade de ajuste do modelo [χ2 (168) = 288,21; p < 0,001, χ2/gl = 1,78, GFI = 0,93, CFI = 0,95 e RMSEA = 0,04 (IC90% = 0,037-0,055)]. Conclusões Os achados apoiaram a adequação psicométrica da EDS-R, a partir das análises exploratórias e confirmatórias, em consonância com o modelo teórico de dependência de exercício físico.

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to assess evidence of validity and reliability of Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R). Methods A non-probabilistic sample consisted of 709 exercise practitioners from all over Brazil, aged 12 to 73 years (M = 25.7; SD = 8.43), most part male (55.1%) and single (75.5%). Participants answered EDS-R and demographic issues. About factor structure, procedures of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Additionally, to assess measurement reliability, Cronbach’s alpha were calculated (internal consistency) and r Pearson correlations. Results Exploratory analysis (principal axis factoring) suggested an explained variance of 62.7% for a seven-factor structure. Total internal consistency of the scale was 0.88, with Cronbach’s alpha indices ranging from 0.68 to 0.89 among the factors. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.10 to 0.65, supporting interrelated dimensions. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated a seven-factor structure, based on satisfactory indicators of model goodness of fit [χ2 (168) = 288.21; p < 0.001, χ2/df = 1.78, GFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.95 and RMSEA = 0.04 (90% CI = 0.037 to 0.055)]. Conclusions These findings supported the psychometric adequacy of EDS-R, according exploratory and confirmatory analyzes, in line with the theoretical model of exercise dependence.