Resumen Los aneurismas de arteria ilíaca solitarios son menos frecuentes que otros aneurismas de grandes vasos, siendo en la mayoría detectados junto con un aneurisma de aorta abdominal concomitante. Comparten la misma etiología aterosclerótica-degenerativa, siendo así que sus factores de riesgo son los mismos que para otros aneurismas. Generalmente son asintomáticos y se detectan incidentalmente, y cuando son sintomáticos, están en relación con la compresión de estructuras adyacentes y la ruptura del aneurisma. Los aneurismas de la arteria ilíaca común son los más comunes, seguidos de los aneurismas ilíacos internos y luego externos. Actualmente existe una variedad de opciones quirúrgicas abiertas, endovasculares e híbridas para tratar los aneurismas de la arteria ilíaca. La anatomía de la arteria ilíaca común con respecto al cuello proximal y distal, la afectación de la bifurcación ilíaca y la elección de preservar la arteria ilíaca interna ipsilateral juegan un papel en el proceso de decisión hacia el método de tratamiento preferido.

Abstract Isolated iliac artery aneurysms are less common than other large-vessel aneurysms, and most are detected together with a concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm. It shares the same atherosclerotic-degenerative etiology since its risk factors are the same as for other aneurysms. They are generally asymptomatic, being detected incidentally and when they are symptomatic, they are related to the compression of adjacent structures and the rupture of the aneurysm. Common iliac artery aneurysms are the most common, followed by internal and then external iliac aneurysms. Currently, a variety of open, endovascular, and hybrid surgical options exist to treat iliac artery aneurysms. The anatomy of the common iliac artery with respect to the proximal and distal neck, the involvement of the iliac bifurcation, and the choice to preserve the ipsilateral internal iliac artery all play a role in the decision process towards the preferred method of treatment.

Resumen: Por años, los proyectos de construcción se han desarrollado y entregado usando métodos de entrega tradicionales. Sin embargo, esos métodos se han considerado ineficaces para lograr los objetivos reales del proyecto. Un modelo integrado y colaborativo, como la Entrega Integrada de Proyectos (IPD, por su sigla en inglés), un método de entrega basado en contratos relacionales ha atraído un interés creciente tanto en la academia como en la industria, pero aún escaso en Arquitectura, Ingeniería y Construcción (AIC). La mayoría de las investigaciones anteriores enfatizan en la identificación de las barreras y desafíos para implementar la IPD y pocos estudios se enfocan en desarrollar estrategias para superar esas limitaciones. Un número limitado de estudios aborda el cómo aprovechar los beneficios de la IPD en entornos AIC donde la colaboración entre las partes interesadas es deficiente. Esta investigación busca la forma de integrar la IPD en los proyectos de AIC cuando la colaboración aún es limitada. Se desarrolló un “Modelo Evolutivo de la IPD” y los lineamientos para su implementación para aplicaciones en tales ambientes. La Investigación en Ciencias del Diseño fue el enfoque adoptado en este studio para discutir y evaluar el modelo propuesto. El modelo enfatiza un proceso evolutivo y flexible para la aplicación de la IPD en proyectos en AIC. El modelo postula los elementos de IPD deseables y requeridos según los niveles de dificultad de aplicación, enfatizando la disposición de las partes interesadas para utilizarlo y la introducción gradual de la IPD en tales ambientes.

Abstract: Over the years, construction projects have been developed and delivered through traditional delivery methods. However, traditional delivery methods have been considered ineffective to achieve the real project goals. Integrated and collaborative models, such as Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), a delivery method based on relational contracts, has attracted growing interest in both academia and industry, but still scarce in Architecture Engineering, and Construction (AEC). Most prior research emphasized the identification of barriers and challenges to implementing IPD and few studies focused on developing strategies to overcome those constraints. A limited number of studies have addressed how to reap the benefits of IPD in AEC environments where collaboration between stakeholders is poor. This research investigates how to integrate IPD into AEC projects when collaboration is still limited. An “IPD Evolutionary Model” and guidelines for its implementation were developed for applications in such environments. Design Science Research was the research approach adopted in this study to discuss and evaluate the proposed model. The model emphasizes an evolutionary and flexible process for the IPD application in AEC projects. The model postulates the desirable and required IPD elements according to the levels of application difficulty, emphasising stakeholders' readiness for using it and the gradual introduction of IPD in such environments.

Em 82 exames parasitológicos de fezes realizados pelo método de sedimentação espontânea, em indivíduos moradores em ruas da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, foram encontrados ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides em 40 (48,8%), de Trichuris trichiura em 27 (32,9%) e ancilostomídeos 7 (8,5%).

Stool examination by sedimentation method in 82 homeless individuals living in the streets of Rio de Janeiro City, revealed Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in 40 (48.85%), Trichuris trichiura in 27 (32.9%) and hookworm in 7 (8.5%).

Avaliou-se a influência do N e K na concentração e acúmulo de nutrientes no pimentão, cultivar Mayata, irrigado por gotejamento. O experimento foi instalado em cultivo protegido telado, em Latossolo Vermelho mesoférrico, entre o período de novembro de 1996 a agosto de 1997, durante 34 semanas. Os tratamentos constaram de três doses de N (13,3; 26,6 e 39,9 g m-2), como uréia, e três doses de K (5,5; 11,0 e 16,6 g m-2), como KCl, distribuídas em esquema fatorial, utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados. Todas as plantas foram irrigadas por gotejamento tendo sido a uréia e o cloreto de potássio aplicados logo abaixo dos gotejadores. As doses de N não afetaram a concentração dos nutrientes em folhas recém-maduras, no início do florescimento e início da frutificação, enquanto o K diminuiu a concentração de P e S, no início da frutificação, exceto na dose de 5,5 g m-2 de K. O N aumentou o acúmulo de nutrientes na parte aérea, ao final do ciclo de cultivo, quando aplicado na dose de 26,6 g m-2, porém não influenciou a produção de frutos. O K contribuiu para a absorção de nutrientes e produção de frutos, somente quando presente em baixas concentrações no solo. Doses de K de 16,6 g m-2, relacionaram-se com a alta condutividade elétrica (1.400 µS cm-1), até a camada de 40 cm, e com a alta concentração de cloreto na parte aérea e frutos de pimentão.

Nitrogen and potassium applications affected the nutrient concentration and accumulation of sweet pepper, cultivar Mayata, grown in a protected environment. An experiment was conducted in a protected environment in Eutrostox, during 34 weeks from November, 1996 to August, 1997, with the following treatments: control and combination of three rates of N (13.3; 26.6 and 39.9 g m-2) and three rates of K (5.5; 11.0 and 16.6 g m-2). All plants were watered by trickle irrigation and the urea and KCl were applied below each trickler. The results led to the following conclusions: N did not affect the concentration of nutrients in recently-ripened leaves, in the beginning of flowering and fruiting, although K, in high rates, decreased the concentration of P and S, in the beginning of fruiting; N increased the absorption of nutrients on the top part at the end of the cultivation period at the rate of 26.6 g m-2, but did not influence fruit production. Potassium contributed to absorption of nutrient and fruit production, only when concentrations in the soil were low. Patassium, in high rates (16.6 g m-2 ), related with high electric conductivity (1.400 µS cm-1), in a layer of 40 cm and high Cl concentration in the shoot and fruits.