RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es resaltar el comportamiento de cultivares de yuca sometidos a diferentes densidades y bioestimulantes al momento de la siembra, y seleccionar cultivares superiores a través de atributos nutricionales y productivos basado en el enfoque multivariado. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar de tres factores y tres repeticiones: tres cultivares de yuca (FEPAGRO-RS 13 Vassourinha, BRS CS01, Iapar - 19 Pioneira), dos densidades de plantación (10 y 20 yemas por metro lineal) y bioestimulate (con y sin), en total 36 unidades experimentales. El cultivar BRS CS01 presentó el mayor rendimiento y concentración de material mineral; el genotipo FEPAGRO - RS 13 Vassourinha presentó el mayor contenido de lípidos y ‘Iapar 19 - Pioneira’ presentó las mayores concentraciones de proteína. El contenido de almidón fue evaluado por la prueba de comparación de medias e índice MGIDI. El cultivar FEPAGRO - RS 13 Vassourinha mostró superioridad, además de ser considerado por el índice ideal por el multi-variado. La densidad 10 y bioestimulador se caracterizó como favorable para la productividad y lípidos, mientras que la densidad 10 y sin bioestimulador favorable para almidón, lípidos, proteína y productividad. La densidad 20 con bioestimulador fue favorable para lípidos.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to highlight the behavior of cassava cultivars when subjected to different densities and biostimulants at planting and to select superior cultivars based on nutritional and productive attributes using the multivariate approach. The experiment design used randomized blocks in a three-factor scheme, with three cassava cultivars (FEPAGRO-RS 13 Vassourinha, BRS CS01, Iapar - 19 Pioneira) × two planting densities (10 and 20 buds per linear meter) × two biostimulator forms (with and without) in three replications, totaling 36 experiment units. Cultivar BRS CS01 had the highest yield and concentration of mineral material, genotype FEPAGRO - RS 13 Vassourinha had the highest lipid content, and Iapar 19 - Pioneira had the highest protein concentrations. The starch content was tested with a comparison of means and MGIDI index. Cultivar FEPAGRO - RS 13 Vassourinha had the highest content and, according to the index, was the ideal cultivar based on multi-characteristics. Density 10 with the biostimulator was favorable for productivity and lipids, whereas density 10 without the biostimulator was favorable for starch, lipids, proteins and productivity. Density 20 with the biostimulator was favorable for lipids.

OBJECTIVES: Brazil has rapidly developed the second-highest number of COVID-19 cases in the world. As such, proper symptom identification, including gastrointestinal manifestations, and relationship to health outcomes remains key. We aimed to assess the prevalence and impact of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with COVID-19 in a large quaternary referral center in South America. METHODS: This was a single-center cohort study in a COVID-19 specific hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Consecutive adult patients with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 were included. Baseline patient history, presenting symptoms, laboratory results, and clinically relevant outcomes were recorded. Regression analyses were performed to determine significant predictors of the gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 and hospitalization outcomes. RESULTS: Four-hundred patients with COVID-19 were included. Of these, 33.25% of patients reported ≥1 gastrointestinal symptom. Diarrhea was the most common gastrointestinal symptom (17.25%). Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms had higher rates of concomitant constitutional symptoms, notably fatigue and myalgia (p<0.05). Gastrointestinal symptoms were also more prevalent among patients on chronic immunosuppressants, ACE/ARB medications, and patient with chronic kidney disease (p<0.05). Laboratory results, length of hospitalization, ICU admission, ICU length of stay, need for mechanical ventilation, vasopressor support, and in-hospital mortality did not differ based upon gastrointestinal symptoms (p>0.05). Regression analyses showed older age [OR 1.04 (95% CI, 1.02-1.06)], male gender [OR 1.94 (95% CI, 1.12-3.36)], and immunosuppression [OR 2.60 (95% CI, 1.20-5.63)], were associated with increased mortality. CONCLUSION: Based upon this Brazilian study, gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 are common but do not appear to impact clinically relevant hospitalization outcomes including the need for ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or mortality.

A cepa MN do HIV-1 é conhecida por ser mais prevalente no Brasil, a cepa BRU é mais prevalente na Europa e a cepa NDK na África. Tem sido sugerido na literatura que diferentes cepas devam ser incluídas em uma mesma vacina contra o HIV-1. Com o intuito de se contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma vacina universal, a ocorrência de anticorpos (Ac) contra três cepas do HIV-1 (MN, BRU, NDK) foram determinadas em amostras de soros de 85 pacientes voluntários, adultos, soropositivos para o HIV-1, atendidos em um Hospital Universitário. Cem unidades infectantes para cultura de tecido (TCIU) dos vírus reagiram com diluições seriadas de soro (2x) e células MT4 adicionadas a uma concentração final de 0,3 × 106 células/ml, e o efeito citopático foi observado no 7- e 11- dias de incubação. Títulos menores de 1/50 foram considerados negativos. Em 129 testes realizados, encontrou-se negatividade para MN em 40 soros, para BRU em 29 e em 60 para NDK. Houve uma predominância das cepas BRU e MN, a maioria nos títulos de 1/50 a 1/200. Títulos para NDK foram detectados em 25 soros. Conclui-se haver uma predominância das cepas BRU e MN nos indivíduos testados, da região; entretanto a detecção de soros positivos para NDK alerta para a necessidade de estudos desta cepa em outras populações e regiões do Brasil

The MN strain of HIV-1 is known to be more prevalent in Brazil, the BRU strain is more prevalent in Europe, and the NDK strain in Africa. It has been suggested in the literature to include different strains in the same vaccine against HIV-1. To contribute to the studies for the development of a universal vaccine, the occurrence of antibodies (Ab) against three HIV-1 strains (MN, BRU and NDK) was determined in serum samples from 85 HIV-1-positive patients, adult volunteers seen at the University Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-USP. One-hundred tissue culture infective unit (TCIU) of the viruses reacted with serial dilutions of the sera (2x) and with MT4 cells added at a final concentration of 0.3 × 106 cells/ml, and a cytopathic effect was observed on the 7th and 11th days of incubation. Titres of less than 1/50 were considered to be negative. In 129 tests, the sera were negative for one of the three strains: 40 for MN, 29 for BRU and 60 for NDK. There was a predominance of strains MN and BRU, most of them presenting titres from 1/50 to 1/200. Titres for NDK were detected in 25 sera. We conclude that there seems to be a predominance of strains MN and BRU among the individuals from the region tested; however, the detection of sera with positive NKD titres indicates the need for further studies of this strain in other populations and regions of Brazil