ABSTRACT. For decades, researches were developed about the diversity of fishes in the Amazon basin and their consumption by the people. In this context, an important gap identified was a lack of information about the nutritional composition of some of the main Amazon fish species consumed and traded. Front this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and mineral content of filets from 10 fish species with the highest landing volume in Amazonas State. The fish species selected were curimatã, jaraqui, mapará, matrinxã, pacu, piramutaba, sardinha, surubim, tambaqui and tucunaré. Were collected 20 samples (fishes) from each species according to the hydrological cycles of the region (20 samples in the flood and 20 samples in drought). Ten fish samples were processed to determine the proximal composition and 10 fish samples were used to determine mineral content (macro and micro minerals). The proximal composition of fish species analysed varied widely between species and seasons, with an emphasis on moisture and lipid content. Fishes in the flood season presented higher content of nutrients than drought season. This result also was observed in the minerals profile, where fishes in the flood season presented the highest (p < 0.05) minerals content.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate meat yield and centesimal composition of the Amazonian fish species, A. ocellatus, P. castelnaeana, and L. friderici, in the dry and flood seasonal cycles of rivers. In each seasonal cycle (flood and dry), a total of 60 fish were collected, comprising 20 specimens of each of the following species: A. ocellatus, P. castelnaeana, and L. friderici. Were evaluated the meat yield, cuts yield and centesimal composition of the fish samples. Meat yield in the clean body cuts and skinless filet varied between species and hydrological period. The results showed that seasonal variation influenced the centesimal composition and yield of the species studied, with significant differences between the cuts produced during processing. These findings highlight the need to apply a variety of technological processes to ensure efficient use of these species throughout the year. The total waste represented more than 50% of the whole fish, and the head size was directly proportional to the amount of waste generated. These results underscore the importance of waste utilization for animal and/or human nutrition.

A possibilidade do aproveitamento integral dos recursos pesqueiros tem produzido diversas pesquisas sobre os aspectos tecnológicos e nutricionais, objetivando estimular a exploração comercial de várias espécies, bem como oferecer suporte para a implantação de indústrias na região. O presente trabalho determinou o rendimento cárneo de dez espécies com maior volume de desembarque no estado do Amazonas, visando fornecer dados mais recentes para a indústria de beneficiamento de pescado. As espécies foram selecionadas segundo dados estatísticos do IBAMA e coletadas em dois períodos sazonais (cheia e seca), no município de Manacapuru-AM. No período da cheia, os percentuais médios de rendimento das espécies atingiram 69,4% de corpo limpo, 38,4% de filé com pele e 30,7% de filé sem pele, cortes preferenciais para comercialização. Na seca estes valores foram de 69%; 37,6%; 29,5%, respectivamente. As dez espécies de peixes amazônicos estudadas apresentaram bom rendimento cárneo, com potencial para uso em diversos procedimentos tecnológicos.

The possibility of whole use of fishery resources has led institutions and researchers to establish permanent studies on technological and nutritional aspects, aiming to stimulate commercial exploitation as well as to support the setting up industries in the region, that can make products of excellent quality based on regional fishes. This study determined the meat yield of ten species with the highest fish landing volume in Amazonas, aiming to provide more recent data for the fish processing industry. The species were selected according to data of IBAMA and collected in two seasons (flood and drought), in the municipality of Manacapuru-AM. In the flood period, the average yield reached 69.4% for gutted body, 38.4% for fillets with skin, and 30.7% for skinless fillets, which are the favored commercial cuts. In the drought period, data showed 69%, 37.6%, and 29.5% respectively. The analyses showed that the ten Amazon fish species have a high potential for use in several technological procedures.

Uma abordagem multivariada foi desenvolvida com informações da pesca de subsistência na Amazônia Central, usando dados de composição das capturas, do ambiente, do aparelho de pesca e da época do ciclo hidrológico. A análise de correspondência empregada demonstrou ser uma boa opção para a identificação de padrões de uso dos recursos pesqueiros pelas comunidades ribeirinhas, evidenciando as correlações existentes entre os fatores ambientais e a estratégia de pesca, confirmando a hipótese de que estas comunidades possuem um elevado conhecimento empírico do ambiente em que vivem e da pesca.

A multivariate approach was applied to data of small-scale fisheries developed in Central Amazon, using information about catch composition, environment, fishing gear and season of the hydrological cycle. The correspondence analysis demonstrated to be a good tool for the analysis related multispecies fisheries. The analysis identified patterns of use of fisheries resources by the riverine communities, showing the correlation between the environmental factors and the fishing strategy for the capture of target fish species, indicating the high level of empiric knowledge about the environment and fisheries.