Resumen La anomalía de Ebstein es una cardiopatía congénita rara y poco frecuente caracterizada por el adosamiento de los velos valvulares tricuspídeos; en la etapa prenatal se estima que su incidencia corresponde a un 3% de todas las cardiopatías diagnosticadas. Se presenta el caso de un feto con diagnóstico de anomalía de Ebstein a quien se le realizó un diagnóstico prenatal adecuado, lo que permitió planificar el nacimiento neonatal con un equipo multidisciplinario integral. Debido a la rareza del diagnóstico prenatal de esta entidad, se describe el caso clínico y los hallazgos imagenológicos representativos.

Abstract Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare and infrequent congenital heart disease characterized by the attachment of the tricuspid valve leaflets; in the prenatal stage it is estimated that its incidence corresponds to 3% of all diagnosed heart diseases. We present the case of a fetus diagnosed with Ebstein’s anomaly who underwent an adequate prenatal diagnosis, which made it possible to plan the neonatal birth with a comprehensive multidisciplinary team. Due to the rarity of the prenatal diagnosis of this entity, the clinical case and the representative imaging findings are described.

Resumen Introducción: El ultrasonido pulmonar es una herramienta a pie de cama que permite evaluar la afectación del parénquima pulmonar en pacientes pediátricos por medio de la escala de LUS (lung ultrasound score, por sus siglas en inglés). El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar a niños menores de 3 años con infección respiratoria baja mediante la escala de LUS, en el Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora. Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes menores de 3 años que ingresaron al Servicio de Urgencias con infección respiratoria baja. Se realizó ecografía pulmonar en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso a urgencias y se evaluó mediante la escala de LUS. Se analizó, edad, sexo, etiología de la infección, días de estancia, uso de terapia ventilatoria, escala de Downes, fracaso a la terapia ventilatoria de ingreso y mortalidad. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo por medio de frecuencia y porcentaje para las variables cualitativas y para las cuantitativas con mediana e intervalo intercuartil. Las diferencias en la distribución de las variables por la escala de LUS con la prueba exacta de Fisher y la t de Student. Resultados: Se identificaron 19 pacientes con infección pulmonar aguda, de los cuales el 73.7% presentó bronquiolitis. El 50% de los casos obtuvo 7 puntos de la escala de LUS, el 91.7% ingresó a UCIP y el 53.8% requirió ventilación mecánica asistida. Conclusiones: El uso de la escala LUS en infección respiratoria baja puede predecir la necesidad de ingreso a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, así como la utilización de soporte ventilatorio invasivo y una estancia hospitalaria prolongada.

Abstract Background: Lung ultrasound is a bedside tool that allows the evaluation of pulmonary parenchymal involvement in pediatric patients through the lung ultrasound score (LUS). We aimed to evaluate a group of patients under 3 years of age with lower respiratory tract infections using LUS at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora. Methods: We included patients younger than 3 years admitted to the emergency department with lower respiratory tract infections. A lung ultrasound was performed within the first 24 h of admission to the emergency department and evaluated using LUS. We analyzed age, sex, etiology of infection, days of stay, use of mechanical ventilation, Downes scale, failure of mechanical ventilation on admission, and mortality. Descriptive analysis was performed with frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables and medians and interquartile intervals for quantitative variables. Differences in the distribution of LUS variables were evaluated with the Fishers´ exact test and Student´s t-test. Results: We included a total of 19 patients with lower respiratory tract infections, 73.7% with bronchiolitis. Fifty percent of the cases scored 7 on the LUS, 91.7% were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, and 53.8% required invasive mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: The use of LUS in lower respiratory tract infections can predict the need for PICU admission, the use of invasive ventilatory support, and prolonged hospital stay.

ABSTRACT A great challenge of scientific research with carrot in semi-arid regions is obtaining the best productive characteristics and economic conditions by optimizing the green manure amounts using spontaneous species from the Caatinga biome, such as hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) and roostertree (Calotropis procera Ait.). Therefore, this work aimed to agronomically and economically optimize the production of carrot roots in monocropping and of their components when fertilized with equitable biomass amounts of these spontaneous species in two cropping seasons in a semi-arid environment. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of equitable amounts of hairy woodrose and roostertree biomass in amounts of 16, 29, 42, 55, and 68 t ha-1 on a dry basis. In each experiment, an additional carrot treatment without fertilizer (absolute control) was planted for comparison with the other treatments to determine maximum physical and economic efficiency. Carrot fertilization was performed with the incorporation of 48.87 t ha-1 of M. aegyptia and C. procera dry biomass into the soil to obtain the maximum optimized productive efficiency (commercial productivity). The maximum optimized agroeconomic efficiency (net income) of carrot cultivation was obtained when 49.64 t ha-1 of M. aegyptia and C. procera dry biomass was added to the soil. The use of biomass from these spontaneous species from the Caatinga biome as green manure is a viable technology for tuberose producers in monocropping in semiarid environments.

RESUMO Um grande desafio na pesquisa científica com cenoura em ambiente semiárido é obter as melhores características produtivas e condições econômicas otimizando as quantidades de adubos verdes de espécies espontâneas do bioma Caatinga, como a jitirana (Merremia aegyptia L.) e a flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera Ait.). Diante disso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo otimizar agronômica e economicamente a produção de raízes de cenoura em monocultivo e de seus componentes, quando adubados com quantidades equitativas de biomassa dessas espécies espontâneas, em duas estações de cultivos em ambiente semiárido. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos completos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de quantidades equitativas de biomassa de jitirana e de flor-de-seda nas doses de 16, 29, 42, 55 e 68 t ha-1 em base seca. Em cada experimento foi plantado um tratamento adicional com cenoura sem adubo (testemunha absoluta) para efeito de comparação com os demais tratamentos para determinar a máxima eficiência física ou econômica. A adubação da cenoura foi realizada com a incorporação de 48,87 t ha-1 de biomassa seca de M. aegyptia e C. procera ao solo para obtenção da máxima eficiência produtiva otimizada (produtividade comercial). A máxima eficiência agroeconômica otimizada (renda líquida) do cultivo da cenoura foi obtida quando 49,64 t ha-1 de biomassa seca de M. aegyptia e C. procera foram adicionados ao solo. A utilização da biomassa dessas espécies espontâneas do bioma Caatinga como adubação verde é uma tecnologia viável para produtores de tuberosas em monocultivo em ambientes semiáridos.

Resumen Existe una gran cantidad de información sobre el tratamiento de apoyo farmacológico temprano para la rehabilitación posterior a un accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer a los profesionales de la salud involucrados en la rehabilitación de los pacientes un resumen de la evidencia disponible que colabore con la toma de decisiones en su práctica clínica diaria. Se realizó una búsqueda de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y estudios observacionales publicados entre el 1/1/2000 y el 28/8/2022 utilizando como motor de búsqueda PubMed, Cochrane y Epistemonikos con restricción de idioma a ingles y español. Los estudios seleccionados incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años con un accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo sometidos a rehabilitación temprana. Los desenlaces considerados para eficacia fueron: función motora, lenguaje y dolor. Las intervenciones farmacológicas seleccionadas fueron: cerebrolisina, levodopa, selegilina, anfetaminas, fluoxetina, citalopram, escitalopram, antipsicóticos, memantine, pregabalina, amitriptilina y lamotrigina. Se realizó síntesis y evaluación de la evidencia utilizando metodología GRADE. Esta revisión proporcionó un resumen de evidencia sobre el tratamiento de apoyo farmacológico en la neuro-rehabilitación temprana de pacientes post accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo. Esto permitirá mejorar las recomendaciones actuales con el objetivo de colaborar con la toma de decisiones en salud para esta población.

Abstract There is a wealth of information on early pharmacological supportive treatment for early rehabilitation following acute ischemic stroke. This review aims to provide healthcare professionals involved in rehabilitating patients with a summary of the available evidence to assist with decision-making in their daily clinical practice. A search for randomized clinical trials and observational studies published between 1/1/2000 and 28/8/2022 was performed using PubMed, Cochrane and Epistemonikos as search engines with language restriction to english and spanish. The selected studies included patients older than 18 with acute ischemic stroke undergoing early rehabilitation. The outcomes considered for efficacy were: motor function, language, and central pain. The selected pharmacological interventions were: cerebrolysin, levodopa, selegiline, amphetamines, fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, antipsychotics, memantine, pregabalin, amitriptyline and lamotrigine. Evidence synthesis and evaluation were performed using the GRADE methodology. This review provided a summary of the evidence on pharmacological supportive care in early rehabilitation of post-acute ischemic stroke patients. This will make it possible to improve current recommendations with the aim of collaborating with health decision-making for this population.

Resumen El cancro bacteriano es una de las enfermedades del tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), la cual es causada por la bacteria Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm). En el presente trabajo se realizó la identificación de Cmm mediante PCR de punto final utilizando los primers CMM5F y CMM6R. Se evaluó la efectividad de los extractos metanólicos de Agave striata y Fouquieria splendens sobre Cmm in vitro e invernadero, así también se obtuvo información acerca de la composición de fitoquímicos presentes en las plantas. El ensayo in vitro se realizó mediante la técnica de microdilución en placa desde los 3.9 mg/L a 1000 mg/L, se determinó la Ci50 y Ci90 de cada extracto. En el experimento en invernadero se evaluó el efecto de los extractos y un producto orgánico “Biobacter” contra Cmm, se calculó la incidencia, severidad y parámetros morfométricos. Los resultados in vitro indicaron que los extractos de F. splendens y A. striata presentan inhibición sobre el fitopatógeno, sin embargo, el extracto de F. splendens mostro control a menores concentraciones que con A striata. El ensayo en invernadero demostró que la incidencia, severidad y parámetros morfométricos fue menor con el extracto de F. splendens, así después con el producto Biobacter.

Abstract Bacterial canker is one of the tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) diseases caused by the bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm). In this study, Cmm was identified by end-point PCR using the primers CMM5F and CMM6R. The efficacy of methanolic extracts of Agave striata and Fouquieria splendens on Cmm in vitro under greenhouse conditions was evaluated, as well as information about the composition of phytochemicals present in plants. The in vitro assay was performed using the plate microdilution technique from 3.9 mg/L to 1000 mg/L, the Ci50 and Ci90 of each extract was determined. In the greenhouse experiment, the effect of the extracts and an organic product “Biobacter” against Cmm was evaluated on incidence, severity, and morphometric parameters. The in vitro results indicated that the extracts of F. splendens and A. striata showed inhibition on the phytopathogen. The greenhouse trial showed that the incidence, severity and morphometric parameters were lower with F. splendens extract, subsequently, with Biobacter product.

Abstract The barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia Pallas, 1777) is an exotic herbivore considered an invasive species in northeastern Mexico, for which the effects of herbivory on native vegetation and competition with native ungulates are unknown. The objective of the study was to identify the composition and seasonal diversity of the diet of a population of A. lervia in the UMA Rancho San Juan, municipality of Monclova, Coahuila, Mexico. During the period October 2018-August 2019, lines were established where the fecal samples were collected, processed and classified, and a photographic catalog of plant cell structures of the plants present in the habitat was generated. Using the microhistological technique, the species of plants consumed were identified and classified by season: autumn (October 2018), winter (February 2019), spring (May 2019) and summer (August 2019) and biological form (shrubs, herbaceous, grasses and succulents). The diet was expressed in relative frequency based on the Fracker and Brischle table. The diversity of the diet was estimated with the Shannon index. In the diet of A. lervia, 64 species and 21 families were identified, being the families Poaceae (15), Fabaceae (9 spp.), Asteraceae (8 spp.) and Euphorbiaceae (7 spp.) the most representative. Likewise, Vachellia rigidula, Tiquilia canescens, Medicago sativa and Opuntia engelmannii together represented 46.49% of the diet. In the year, the diet was made up of 36% shrubby plants, 30% herbaceous, 22% grasses and 12% succulents. Shrubs predominated in spring (54.80%), herbaceous plants (46.39 and 37.90%, respectively) in summer and winter, and grasses (35.19%) in autumn. The diversity of the diet was H’ = 2.89 ± 0.13 species, higher than that reported in its natural habitat. The composition of the diet of A. lervia was similar to that reported for other wild herbivores of desert scrub in Mexico and the United States, this implies a condition of overlapping diet, but more studies on the diet of sympatric herbivores of northeastern Mexico are required.

Resumen El borrego berberisco (Ammotragus lervia Pallas, 1777) es un herbívoro exótico considerado una especie invasora en el noreste de México del que no se conocen los efectos de la herbivoría sobre la vegetación nativa y la competencia con los ungulados nativos. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la composición y diversidad estacional de la dieta de una población de A. lervia en la UMA Rancho San Juan, municipio de Monclova, Coahuila, México. Durante el periodo octubre 2018-agosto 2019, se establecieron líneas donde se recolectaron, procesaron y clasificaron las muestras fecales, y se generó un catálogo fotográfico de estructuras celulares vegetales de las plantas presentes en el hábitat. Mediante la técnica microhistológica se identificaron las especies de plantas consumidas y se clasificaron por estación: otoño (octubre 2018), invierno (febrero 2019), primavera (mayo 2019) y verano (agosto 2019), y forma biológica (arbustivas, herbáceas, pastos y suculentas). La dieta se expresó en frecuencia relativa con base en el cuadro de Fracker y Brischle. La diversidad de la dieta se estimó con el índice de Shannon. En la dieta de A. lervia se identificaron 64 especies y 21 familias, siendo las familias Poaceae (15), Fabaceae (9 spp.), Asteraceae (8 spp.) y Euphorbiaceae (7 spp.) las más representativas. Asimismo, Vachellia rigidula, Tiquilia canescens, Medicago sativa y Opuntia engelmannii, representaron en conjunto el 46.49 % de la dieta. En el año, la dieta se conformó de 36 % de plantas de porte arbustivo, 30 % herbáceas, 22 % pastos y 12 % suculentas. En primavera predominaron las arbustivas (54.80 %), en verano e invierno las herbáceas (46.39 y 37.90 %, respectivamente) y en otoño los pastos (35.19 %). La diversidad de la dieta fue H’ = 2.89 ± 0.13 especies, mayor a lo reportado en su hábitat natural. La composición de la dieta de A. lervia fue similar a lo reportado para otros herbívoros silvestres de matorrales desérticos en México y Estados Unidos, esto implica una condición de traslape de dieta, pero se requieren de más estudios sobre dieta de herbívoros simpátricos del noreste de México.

Resumen: ¿Qué son las fake news? ¿Cuáles son sus incidencias en la vida política contemporánea? ¿Por qué las personas son susceptibles -o no- a este tipo de informaciones? Manteniendo estas preguntas como eje, se propone una revisión sistemática de trabajos experimentales sobre susceptibilidad versus identificación de fake news políticas, publicados entre 2017 y 2022, en español, inglés y portugués. Se identifican como factores de susceptibilidad el bajo rendimiento del pensamiento analítico, la congruencia ideológica y los escenarios de confianza (noticias compartidas), mientras el pensamiento analítico de alto rendimiento, el conocimiento político, el tiempo de deliberación, y las fuentes y formatos periodísticos más institucionalizados funcionan con frecuencia como factores de discernimiento. Se aborda la necesidad de seguir avanzando en la creación y divulgación de estrategias efectivas para que la ciudadanía pueda distinguir la veracidad de la información política que consume, dada su importancia para la vida democrática.

Abstract: What are fake news? What are their impacts on contemporary political life? Why are people susceptible-or not-to this type of information? Keeping these questions as the central focus, a systematic review of experimental studies on susceptibility versus identification of political fake news is proposed, covering publications between 2017 and 2022 in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. Susceptibility factors are identified as low performance in analytical thinking, ideological congruence, and trusting environments (shared news), while high-performance analytical thinking, political knowledge, deliberation time, and more institutionalized journalistic sources and formats often function as discernment factors. The need to continue advancing in the creation and dissemination of effective strategies for citizens to distinguish the truthfulness of the political information they consume is addressed, given its importance for democratic life.

Resumo: O que são fake news? Quais é sua incidência na vida política contemporânea? Por que as pessoas são suscetíveis -ou não- a esse tipo de informações? Mantendo essas questões como eixo, propõe-se uma revisão sistemática de trabalhos experimentais sobre suscetibilidade versus identificação de fake news políticas, publicados entre 2017 e 2022, em espanhol, inglês e português. Foram identificados como fatores de suscetibilidade o baixo desempenho do pensamento analítico, a congruência ideológica e os cenários de confiança (notícias compartilhadas), enquanto o pensamento analítico de alto desempenho, o conhecimento político, o tempo de deliberação e as fontes e formatos jornalísticos mais institucionalizados funcionam frequentemente como fatores de discernimento. É abordada a necessidade de continuar avançando na criação e divulgação de estratégias efetivas para que os cidadãos possam distinguir a veracidade da informação política que consomem, dada sua importância para a vida democrática.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of text messaging in improving adherence to occlusion therapy for amblyopia. The secondary objective was to correlate the responses given in a self-reporting questionnaire with treatment outcome (improvement in visual acuity). Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial. The patients’ parents or legal guardians in the intervention group received text messages reminding them of the importance of patching. The control group received no text messages. At final evaluation, after a period of three to six months, the patients’ parents or legal guardians answered a self-reporting questionnaire to evaluate adherence to treatment. Results: The study included 34 patients with an average age of 5.35 years, 20 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group. According to the results of the self-reporting questionnaire, 50% of the study population was considered as having low adherence to treatment, 29% as having medium adherence, and 21% as having good adherence. There was no significant difference between trial groups. The comparison between an improvement in visual acuity and the mean value obtained in the self-reporting questionnaire showed a significant association between this improvement and adherence to treatment (p=0.03). Conclusion: The present study did not find a correlation between text messaging and an improvement in adherence to occlusion therapy, as shown by previous studies for different treatments. A statistically significant association was identified between an improvement in visual acuity and a good therapeutic adherence, as measured by the self-reporting questionnaire. This finding allows us to recommend using a self-reporting questionnaire as a simple method to measure adherence to treatment and help decisions about therapeutic strategies to be adopted in the patient's continuing treatment.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do envio de mensagens de texto na melhora da adesão ao tratamento oclusivo da ambliopia. O objetivo secundário foi correlacionar as respostas dadas no questionário autorreportado e os resultados obtidos no tratamento (melhora da acuidade visual). Métodos: Ensaio clínico prospectivo, mascarado e randomizado. Os pais ou responsáveis legais dos pacientes no grupo intervenção receberam mensagens de texto para lembrar a importância dos oclusores. O grupo controle não recebeu mensagens. Na avaliação geral após 3 a 6 meses, os responsáveis responderam a um questionário autorreportado para avaliar a aderência ao tratamento. Resultados: Foram incluídos 34 pacientes com idade média de 5,35 anos; 20 eram do grupo intervenção. A população do estudo foi considerada 50% pouco aderente ao tratamento, 29% com aderência média e 21% com boa aderência, de acordo com resultado do questionário autorreportado. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos estudados. Quando comparada a relação entre a melhora da acuidade visual com o valor médio do questionário autorreportado, foi observada associação significativa da melhora com a adesão ao tratamento (p=0,03). Conclusão: Este estudo não mostrou melhora da aderência ao tratamento oclusivo com o envio de mensagens de texto, como tinha sido observado em estudos anteriores para outros tratamentos. Foi identificada uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre a melhora na acuidade visual e boa aderência terapêutica medida pelo questionário autorreportado. Isso permite recomendar o uso do questionário autorreportado como uma forma simples de mensurar aderência ao tratamento e auxiliar nas decisões sobre estratégias a serem adotadas na continuidade do seguimento do paciente.

ABSTRACT The use of spontaneous species from the Caatinga biome as green manure is a promising practice in increasing the productivity of agricultural systems and sustainable exploitation of the environment. This study aimed to estimate the maximum physical and economic efficiencies of radish agroeconomic characteristics in monocropping as a function of roostertree (Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br) biomass amounts in two cropping seasons in a semi-arid environment. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of different roostertree biomass amounts: 16, 29, 42, 55, and 68 t ha-1 on a dry basis, incorporated into the soil. In each block, two additional treatments were added, one without fertilization (control) and the other with mineral fertilizer, for comparison purposes with the maximum efficiency treatment. The radish cultivar planted was ‘Crimson Gigante’. The fertilization of the radish to obtain the maximum optimized productive efficiency (9.56 t ha-1) was possible with the incorporation of 50.86 t ha-1 of C. procera dry biomass into the soil. The maximum optimized agroeconomic efficiency (based on a net income of 37,641.08 R$ ha-1) of radish cultivation was obtained with 44.39 t ha-1 of C. procera dry biomass added to the soil. The rate of return and the profit margin obtained were 2.94 R$ for each real invested, with a profit margin of 62.55%. The use of biomass from the C. procera green manure is a viable technology for producers who practice radish monoculture in a semi-arid environment.

RESUMO O uso de espécies espontâneas do bioma Caatinga como adubo verde é uma prática promissora no aumento da produtividade dos sistemas agrícolas e na exploração sustentável do meio ambiente. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar as máximas eficiências físicas e econômicas das características agroeconômicas do rabanete em monocultivo, em função de quantidades de biomassa de flor-deseda em duas estações de cultivos em ambiente semiárido. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes quantidades de biomassa de flor-de-seda: 16, 29, 42, 55 e 68 t ha-1 em base seca, incorporadas ao solo. Em cada bloco dos experimentos foram adicionados dois tratamentos, um sem adubação (tratamento testemunha) e outro com adubo mineral, para fins de comparação com o tratamento de máxima eficiência. A cultivar de rabanete plantada foi a Crimson Gigante. A adubação do rabanete para obtenção da máxima eficiência produtiva otimizada (9,56 t ha-1) foi possível com a incorporação de 50,86 t ha-1 de biomassa seca de C. procera ao solo. A máxima eficiência agroeconômica otimizada (baseada na renda líquida de 37.641,08 R$ ha-1) foi obtida com a quantidade de 44,39 t ha-1 de biomassa seca de C. procera adicionada ao solo. A taxa de retorno e a margem de lucro obtida foram de R$ 2,94 para cada real investido com margem de lucro de 62,55%. A utilização da biomassa do adubo verde, C. procera, é uma tecnologia viável para produtores que praticam o monocultivo de rabanete em ambiente semiárido.

ABSTRACT Technologies that improve water use efficiency (WUE) and increase crop yields are essential for the development of a responsible and productive agriculture. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate economical planting beds with the use of mulching and application of different irrigation water depths as a water-saving technology, and determine the irrigation water depth that promote the optimal plant development and fruit yield and quality of two cherry tomato cultivars. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. A randomized block experimental design with split-plots (5×2) was used, with plots consisting of five irrigation water depths (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and subplots consisting of two cherry tomato cultivars (Carolina and Yubi), with four replications, totaling 40 experimental units. The development of tomato plants was evaluated through biometric measurements of stem diameter, plant height, and canopy area. Additionally, the following variables were evaluated during fruit harvest: number of fruits, mean fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit yield, WUE, titratable acidity, pH, and soluble solids content. The economical planting beds promoted increases in WUE. Irrigation water depths lower than 100% of ETc resulted in better plant development and higher fruit yield, number of fruits, and WUE for the evaluated cherry tomato plants. The cultivar Carolina exhibited higher production performance compared to Yubi.

RESUMO Tecnologias que promovam o aumento da eficiência do uso da água (EUA) e incremento na produtividade é indispensável para o desenvolvimento de uma agricultura responsável e produtiva. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar ‘canteiros econômicos’ com a utilização de mulching, aplicando diferentes lâminas de irrigação para consolidar o uso desses canteiros como uma tecnologia que propicia a economia de água, da mesma forma que, encontrar a lâmina de irrigação que promova o melhor desenvolvimento, rendimento produtivo e qualidade de duas cultivares de tomatecereja. A pesquisa foi conduzida na Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco em Serra Talhada - PE. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas (5 x 2), onde foram consideradas parcelas cinco lâminas de irrigação (25, 50, 75, 100, e 125% da Evapotranspiração da cultura - ETc) e subparcelas duas cultivares de tomate-cereja (Carolina e Yubi), com quatro repetições, totalizando 40 unidades experimentais. O desenvolvimento do tomateiro foi avaliado mediante coletas biométricas de diâmetro do caule, altura da planta e área da copa. Ademais, durante a colheita foi avaliado o número de frutos, massa média dos frutos, diâmetro dos frutos, produtividade, EUA, acidez titulável, potencial hidrogeniônico e sólidos solúveis dos frutos. Os canteiros econômicos promoveram aumento da EUA. Lâminas de irrigação inferiores a 100% da ETc possibilitaram maior desenvolvimento, produtividade, número de frutos e EUA do tomatecereja. A cultivar Carolina apresentou melhor desempenho produtivo comparado a Yubi.

ABSTRACT In the present study, the ammonia spectrophotometry method (S-NH3) is applied for the exhaustion profile characterization of the activated carbon in fixed bed industrial contactors used in the aged aguardiente refining process for Cuban rum production. The exhaustion profile of industrial contactors (confirmed as “out of service”) from four Cuban rum factories were determined. Based on calculations and mathematical modelling of the profiles, the overall effectiveness in the carbon management was compared between rum factories. In addition, the recovering strategy of the less exhausted carbon layers into the contactor allows increasing the exploitation efficiency for this costly material for the Cuban rum industry.

RESUMEN En el presente estudio se aplica la técnica de espectrofotometría amoniacal (S-NH3) para la caracterización del perfil de agotamiento del carbón activado en adsorbedores industriales de cama fija, utilizados en la refinación de aguardiente para el proceso de producción de rones. Se determinó el perfil de agotamiento de adsorbedores declarados como agotados en cuatro roneras cubanas. A partir de cálculos desarrollados por modelación matemática de los perfiles se comparó la efectividad neta de manejo del carbón entre roneras, y se demostró que la recuperación y reaprovechamiento de las capas de carbón menos agotadas del lecho es una estrategia que permite elevar la eficiencia de explotación de este costoso recurso para la industria del ron cubano.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mushroom meal supplementation, Pleurotus djamor var. roseus (Pd), on the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), on hematological parameters and growth performance for 60 days. Nile tilapia fingerlings (3.23 ± 0.19 g) were fed with three experimental diets based on the mushroom meal in different percentages: diet 0% control (MM0), diet 15% (MM15), diet 20% (MM20) and diet 25% (MM25). Blood samples from the fish of all treatments were collected at the start of the experiment (day 0), 30 and 60 days. The weight and size of the fish were determined every 15 days (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days). The results showed a significant dose-dependent increase in the levels of erythrocytes count and leukocytes count. The groups that showed significant differences in the basal value and the final control result were hematocrit, hemoglobin, and lymphocyte. An increase in lymphocytes proportion and a decrease in neutrophils were found, which was related to the immune response of fish fed the diet. The highest levels of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and low neutrophils were presented in the diet with 15 and 20% (P < 0.05). The growth (weight gain and specific growth rate) of fish fed MM15 and MM20 of Pd in the diet was higher than the control group (P > 0.05). Dietary supplementation (15 and 20%) improved hematological and defense blood cells, as well as the growth of tilapia.

BACKGROUND: Technologies, such as the use of information technology for teaching and learning, e-learning and virtual learning, are commonly used terms in today's education system. These ever growing and developing modes of teaching and learning have changed the landscape of higher education, in general. As a result, nursing education has equally responded positively to the use of information technology for teaching and learning. AIM: The aim of this study was to describe and compare the readiness to use information technology for teaching and learning for both nursing students and nurse educators in the two campuses of a North West public nursing college. SETTING: The study was conducted in a multi-campus North West public nursing college in South Africa. METHODS: A quantitative approach of a comparative descriptive design was followed in this study. Descriptive statistics was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 27. RESULTS: A total of 285 (254 nursing students and 31 nurse educators) respondents completed the online questionnaires. Both nurse educators and nursing students were in agreement with the information technology use readiness construct (83.9% and 77.9%, respectively). For all the variables with significant (< 0.05) p-values from the Mann-Whitney U test, the mean ranks were higher for the Ngaka Modiri Molema District (NMMD) campus. CONCLUSION: When comparing the two campuses, conclusion can be drawn that the campus at NMDD is more ready to use information technology for teaching and learning than the campus at Dr Kenneth Kauda District. CONTRIBUTION: The results of this study contribute to the body of knowledge on technology use for teaching and learning in nursing education.

BACKGROUND: Pregnant teenagers usually experience psychosocial challenges such as a great amount of stress when they have to deal with an unwanted pregnancy, unpreparedness for parenthood and a lack of income as well as labour and birth complications. These are further complicated by the stigma from their families, friends and community. Unaddressed psychosocial challenges during teenage pregnancy can adversely affect the health outcomes of both mother and the child AIM: This study explores and describes the psychosocial challenges faced by pregnant teenagers in the Ditsobotla subdistrict SETTING: The study was conducted in three health centres in the Ditsobotla subdistrict METHODS: A qualitative-exploratory-descriptive and contextual research design was used. Non-probability purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used to select the participants. Semistructured individual interviews through WhatsApp video calls were used to collect data, which were analysed using conventional content analysis RESULTS: Three themes emerged from the findings of the study, namely psychological challenges, social challenges and suggestions to address psychosocial challenges faced by pregnant teenagers CONCLUSION: The findings established that pregnant teenagers in the Ditsobotla subdistrict are faced with psychosocial challenges which negatively impact their psychological health and social life. Suggestions made in this study have the potential to improve the psychosocial well-being of pregnant teenagers in the Ditsobotla subdistrict if implemented CONTRIBUTIONS: The findings of this study provide important information that may be used to improve the psychosocial well-being of pregnant teenagers in the Ditsobotla subdistrict