ABSTRACT Background: Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) is one of the characteristic species of the Mediterranean flora. This species has been used since ancient times because of its economic importance. This study was carried out because stone pine forests in the Mediterranean area, as carbon sinks, are one of the mitigation strategies considered to face climate change. Also, stone pine forests are of great socio-economic importance on an international scale due to the high demand for pine nuts and the important role of this emblematic species in agroforestry. The objectives of this study are, firstly, the evaluation of biomass and carbon storage capability and, secondly, the study of agroforestry interest of Pinus pinea L. and management practices to increase carbon stocks. Results: A review of research and knowledge was carried out on the subject based on a selection of publications that have been made in the Mediterranean area. The main conclusions are that stone pine forests have a very high biomass stock and a high storage potential in the future. However, these forests could be a potential carbon reservoir in the coming years and thus on climate change mitigation. In addition, the practice of agroforestry in the stone pine ecosystem can create jobs and many sources of income for the local population and improve their living standards. Conclusion: Finally, this review of research results can serve as an initial basis for refining management practices to improve the establishment of pine trees and tools to help forest managers in quantifying biomass, thereby contributing to the accurate estimation of carbon sequestration and stocks in stone pine stands and agroforestry practices..

ABSTRACT Micromorphological characters including surface, length and width of seeds were recorded for 19 species of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) using stereomicroscope to determine the importance of seed morphological characters as an additional tool for identification.With the aim of selecting and valorizing abiotic-stress-tolerant species with landscape and industrial values and would be a potential solution for valorizing dry arid area and development of land degradation, we launched the assessment of the performance of five Eucalyptus species (E. torquata, E. sargenti, E. gillii, E. gomphocephala x E. cornuta and E. microtheca) under salinity and osmotic potential constraints. Several NaCl concentrations (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 g.L-1) and several osmotic potentials (0, -0.03, -0.1, -0.7, -1 and -1.6 MPa) were applied to seeds cultivated in petri dishes for a period of one month. Germination rates, means time of germination and coefficent of velocity were evaluated to better understand the salt stress and osmotic potential effect on germination. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the major characteristics pertaining to salinity tolerance. Modeling of germination under both constraints saline and osmotic stress is carried out to predict the behavior of the species. The hybrid E. gomphocephala x E. cornuta was more tolerant to salt stress (15 % at 12 g.L-1) and osmotic potential (61 % at -1.6 MPa) than the others species of Eucalyptus; it showed a higher germination percentage under all tested potentials, when compared to the not hybrid species of Eucalyptus. Our analyses of seeds morphology revealed that the observations shown diversity of morphological characters in seeds. Area, length and width of seeds vary significantly between species of Eucalyptus. Micromorphological characters can provide basis for classification and delimitation of genus Eucalyptus.