Abstract Purpose The research is intended for clarification of the efficacy as well as the underlying mechanism of GSK-3β inhibitors on the advancement of acute lung injuries in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) in rats. Methods Seventy-two rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: (1)ANP-vehicle; (2)ANP-TDZD-8;(3)ANP-SB216763;(4)Sham-vehicle;(5)Sham-TDZD-8;(6)Sham-SB216763; Blood biochemical test, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis of rats pancreas and lung tissues were performed. The protein expression of GSK-3β, phospho-GSK-3β (Ser9), iNOS, ICAM-1, TNF-α, and IL-10 were detected in lung tissues by Western-blot. Results The outcomes revealed that the intervention of GSK-3β inhibitors alleviated the pathological damage of pancreas and lung (P<0.01), reduced serum amylase, lipase, hydrothorax and lung Wet-to-Dry Ratio, attenuated serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 (P<0.01), inhibited the activation of NF-κB, and abated expression of iNOS, ICAM-1 and TNF-α protein, but up-regulated IL-10 expression in lung of ANP rats (P<0.01). The inflammatory response and various indicators in ANP-TDZD-8 groups were lower than those in ANP-SB216763 groups. Conclusions Inhibition of GSK-3β weakens acute lung injury related to ANP via the inhibitory function of NF-κB signaling pathway. Different kinds of GSK-3β inhibitors have different effects to ANP acute lung injury.

Abstract: Background: Myeloid leukemia cutis is the terminology used for cutaneous manifestations of myeloid leukemia. Objective: The purpose of this study was to study the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of myeloid leukemia cutis. Methods: This was a retrospective study of clinical and pathological features of 10 patients with myeloid leukemia cutis. Results: One patient developed skin lesions before the onset of leukemia, seven patients developed skin infiltration within 4-72 months after the onset of leukemia, and two patients developed skin lesions and systemic leukemia simultaneously. Of these patients, five presented with generalized papules or nodules, and five with localized masses. The biopsy of skin lesions showed a large number of tumor cells within the dermis and subcutaneous fat layer. Immunohistochemical analysis showed strong reactivity to myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD15, CD43 and CD45 (LCA) in most cases. NPM1 (nucleophosmin I) and FLT3-ITD (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication) mutations were identified in one case. Five patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and one patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia died within two months to one year after the onset of skin lesions. Study limitations: This was a retrospective and small sample study. Conclusions: In patients with myelogenous leukemia, skin infiltration usually occurs after, but occasionally before, the appearance of hemogram and myelogram abnormalities, and the presence of skin infiltration is often associated with a poor prognosis and short survival time. myeloid leukemia cutis often presents as generalized or localized nodules or masses with characteristic pathological and histochemical findings.