RESUMO Contexto: O papel dos alimentos lácteos na doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) tem sido controverso e é discutível se os pacientes com DII devem ou não evitar leite e laticínios, bem como a relação entre esses alimentos e sintomas nesta população. Objetivo: Estudo transversal multicêntrico foi projetado para avaliar se é realmente necessário privar os pacientes com DII do consumo desta classe de alimentos. Métodos: Um estudo multicêntrico com 12 centros de referência em gastroenterologia de quatro países foi projetado para avaliar sintomas gastrointestinais após o consumo de alimentos lácteos em todos os ambulatórios de DII durante seis meses e comparar pacientes tratados nos mesmos centros sem DII. Resultados: No total, foram incluídos 1888 casos (872 pacientes com DII e 1016 casos sem DII. 56,6% dos participantes eram do sexo feminino com idade média de 40,1 anos. 79,8% dos participantes eram caucasianos e originalmente eram cidadãos de 10 países. A prevalência relativa de DII foi maior em africanos e indianos e a prevalência mais frequente de intolerância a alimentos lácteos observada nos asiáticos. Entre os pacientes com DII, 571 casos foram diagnosticados como colite ulcerativa e 189 participantes como doença de Crohn. A duração média do diagnóstico como DII foi de 6,8 anos (de 2 meses a 35 anos). Os sintomas de gastrointestinais mais prevalentes após o consumo de todos os alimentos lácteos foram inchaço e dor abdominal. No total, a intolerância aos alimentos lácteos e a deficiência de lactase foi mais prevalente entre os pacientes com DII em comparação com os casos sem DII (65,5% vs 46,1%, P=0,0001). A taxa de queixas gastrointestinais entre os pacientes com DII que não tinham histórico familiar de deficiência de lactase, histórico de sensibilidade alimentar ou ambos foram de 59,91%, 52,87% e 50,33% respectivamente e semelhantes aos casos sem DII (P=0,68, 0,98 e 0,99, respectivamente). Conclusão: A taxa de intolerância de alimentos lácteos entre pacientes com DII sem histórico familiar de deficiência de lactase ou histórico de sensibilidade alimentar é semelhante aos casos sem DII e provavelmente não há razão para privá-los dessa importante fonte de cálcio dietético, vitamina D e outros nutrientes.

ABSTRACT Background: The role of dairy foods in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been controversial and it is debatable if patients with IBD should avoid milk and dairy products or not, as well as the relationship between these foods and symptoms among those population. Objective: This multi centric cross-sectional study designed to evaluate if it is really necessary to deprive IBD patients from consumption of dairy foods. Methods: A multicenter study with 12 gastroenterology referral centers in four countries was designed to evaluate gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms after consumption of dairy foods from all outpatients with IBD during 6 months and to compare patients treated at the same centers without IBD (non IBD cases). Results: Overall 1888 cases included (872 IBD patients and 1016 non IBD cases). 56.6% of participants were female with average age of 40.1 years. Racially 79.8% participants were Caucasians and originally they were citizens of 10 countries. Relative prevalence of IBD was higher in Africans and Indians and the most frequent prevalence of dairy foods intolerance was seen in Asians. Among IBD patients, 571 cases diagnosed as ulcerative colitis and 189 participants as Crohn’s disease. Average duration of diagnosis as IBD was 6.8 years (from 2 months to 35 years). The most prevalent GI symptoms after consumption of all the dairy foods were bloating and abdominal pain. Totally, intolerance of dairy foods and lactase deficiency was more prevalent among IBD patients in comparison with non IBD cases (65.5% vs 46.1%, P=0.0001). But the rate of GI complains among IBD patients who had not any family history of lactase deficiency, history of food sensitivity or both were 59.91%, 52.87% & 50.33% respectively and similar to non IBD cases (P=0.68, 0.98 & 0.99 respectively). Conclusion: The rate of dairy foods intolerance among IBD patients without family history of lactase deficiency or history of food sensitivity is similar to non IBD cases and probably there is no reason to deprive them from this important source of dietary calcium, vitamin D and other nutrients.

Abstract This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the cellulase activity of cellulolytic bacteria in hot springs of Dehloran, Ilam province, Iran. Water and sludge samples were collected from the hot springs and the bacterial enrichment was performed in a medium containing rice barn and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The cultures were incubated at 50 °C in aerobic conditions. The bacteria were isolated on CMC agar (1%) medium. Cellulase assay of the isolates was measured by the evaluation of endoglucanase enzyme activity, which is also called as carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase). The isolated thermotolerant bacteria were then identified and optimized for the production of CMCase. Moreover, stabilizing elements of the enzyme were identified with in silico approach. The chosen isolate was identified as Isoptericola variabilis sp. IDAH9. The identified strain produced the most thermostable CMCase at a concentration of 5.6 g/L of ammonium sulfate, 9 g/L CMCase or 12 g/L rice bran, 0/6% Tween-80, and 0.2% sucrose. The produced enzyme showed 80% of the residual activity after 1 h of incubation at 65 °C. In silico data indicated that the remaining residual activity was due to the redundant stabilizing elements in the protein structure. Consequently, I. variabilis can be isolated from the extreme environment and has a thermostable endoglucanase which may be used for various applications after studying them.

O gene supressor tumoral p53 abriga um polimorfismo funcional que codifica ou arginina (Arg) ou prolina (Pro) no códon 72 da proteína p53. Este polimorfismo tem sido considerado associado com o desenvolvimento e prognóstico do carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço (CECP). OBJETIVO: Foram avaliados genótipo e freqüências alélicas do códon 72 do p53 em pacientes iranianos com CECP. TIPO DE ESTUDO: Estudo de Caso. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Um total de 132 pacientes com CECP e 123 controles saudáveis foram genotipados. A fonte de DNA foi composta de células mononucleares do sangue periférico. A amplificação do DNA foi realizada através da reação em cadeia da polimerase específica para alelos. RESULTADOS: A distribuição dos alelos e genótipos não foi significativamente diferente entre os pacientes e controles. Além disso, nenhuma associação estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada entre o polimorfismo do códon 72 do p53 e localização, sexo ou idade no momento do diagnóstico. No entanto, o genótipo Pro/Pro estava significativamente aumentado em pacientes no estágio IV (30,8%) quando comparado ao estágio I-III da doença (11,1%) (p=0,03), e um número significativamente maior de doentes com o alelo Pro teve um aumento no risco de desenvolver doença no estágio IV (OR=2,2, IC= 95% =1.2-4.2, p=0,01). CONCLUSÃO: Os dados revelaram que o polimorfismo do p53 não afeta o risco de CECP em iranianos; porém, pode afetar a progressão para um estágio superior tumor.

p53 tumoral suppressor gene harbors a functional polymorphism which codes either arginine (Arg) or proline (Pro) in the protein p53 of codon 72. Such polymorphism has been associated with the development or prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). AIM: we assessed codon 72 p53 allelic frequencies and genotypes in HNSCC Iranian patients. STUDY DESIGN: Case Study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a total of 132 HNSCC patients and 123 healthy controls were genotyped. DNA source was from mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood. DNA amplification was done by means of the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: genotypes and allele distribution were not significantly different between patients and controls. Moreover, no statistically significant association was found between the 72 and p53 codon tumor location, gender or age at the time of diagnosis. However, the Pro/Pro genotype was significantly increase in stage IV patients (30.8%) when compared to stages I-III of the disease (11.1%) (p=0.03), and a significantly higher percentage of patients with the Pro allele had and a risk increase in stage IV disease (OR=2.2, 95% CI=1.2-4.2, p=0.01). CONCLUSION: data revealed that the p53 polymorphism do not impact the risk of HNSCC in Iranians, nonetheless, it can affect tumor progression to a higher tumor stage.