Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Introduction Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have a higher prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) than the general population. PCOS and NAFLD have common metabolic risk factors, however, the role of diet in NAFLD development is still uncertain in PCOS women. Objective To evaluate and compare the dietary patterns and nutritional intake in patients with PCOS with and without NAFLD. Method Cross-sectional study that included patients with PCOS diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria. All participants were submitted to abdominal ultrasound to investigate liver steatosis. Dietary profile was assessed by 24-hour food recall (24hR), and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) adapted for the Brazilian population. Physical activity practice was also assessed. Results 87 participants were included (average age 35.2 ± 5.7 years), among whom, 67 (77%) had NAFLD. The group with PCOS and NAFLD presented higher body mass index (BMI) (34.9 ± 4.5 vs. 30.4 ± 4.9 kg/m2; p = 0.001), Waist Circumference (WC) (103 [97‒113] vs. 95 [87.5‒100] cm; p < 0.001) and were considered physically active less frequently than those without NAFLD (34.3% vs. 60%; p = 0.04). Food intake and dietary patterns assessed by 24hR, FFQ and HEI presented no difference between the groups. Conclusions PCOS women with coexistent NAFLD had higher BMI, WC and were less physically active than those without NAFLD. Dietary evaluation showed that PCOS women with NAFLD had no significant difference in macro and micronutrients or food group intake and diet quality in comparison to those without NAFLD.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100288

Salivary protein candidates for biomarkers of oral disorders in people with a crack cocaine use disorder
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CHAIBEN, Cassiano Lima

; MACEDO, Nayara Flores

; BATISTA, Thiago Beltrami Dias

; PENTEADO, Carlos Antonio Schaffer

; VENTURA, Talita M. O.

; DIONIZIO, Aline

; SOUZA, Paulo Henrique Couto

; BUZALAF, Marília Afonso Rabelo

; AZEVEDO-ALANIS, Luciana Reis

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e20220480

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The use of cocaine and its main derivative, crack, can cause some systemic effects that may lead to the development of some oral disorders. Objective To assess the oral health of people with a crack cocaine use disorder and identify salivary protein candidates for biomarkers of oral disorders. Methodology A total of 40 volunteers hospitalized for rehabilitation for crack cocaine addiction were enrolled; nine were randomly selected for proteomic analysis. Intraoral examination, report of DMFT, gingival and plaque index, xerostomia, and non-stimulated saliva collection were performed. A list of proteins identified was generated from the UniProt database and manually revised. Results The mean age (n=40) was 32 (±8.88; 18–51) years; the mean DMFT index was 16±7.70; the mean plaque and gingival index were 2.07±0.65 and 2.12±0.64, respectively; and 20 (50%) volunteers reported xerostomia. We identified 305 salivary proteins (n=9), of which 23 were classified as candidate for biomarkers associated with 14 oral disorders. The highest number of candidates for biomarkers was associated with carcinoma of head and neck (n=7) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=7), followed by periodontitis (n=6). Conclusions People with a crack cocaine use disorder had an increased risk of dental caries and gingival inflammation; less than half had oral mucosal alterations, and half experienced xerostomia. As possible biomarkers for 14 oral disorders, 23 salivary proteins were identified. Oral cancer and periodontal disease were the most often associated disorders with biomarkers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0480

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Data de publicação: 2022-10-11

Resumo: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

Sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with Eucalyptus spp. essential oils
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Oliveira, Augusto M.

; Santos, Alice M. G.

; Silva, Luciana B.

; Souza, João S. N.

; Silva, Helane F.

; Lima, Juliana J. P.

; Nunes, Túlio S.

; Leão, Katyuscya V.

; Machado, Luciana L.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Set 2022, Volume 45 Nº 3 Páginas 41 - 50

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Soybean seeds are usually infested by fungi, and disinfestation has been carried out mainly with synthetic fungicides, however, alternative controls have been sought, including essential oils. Thus, the effect of essential oils extracted from the leaves of the hybrid Eucalyptus tereticornis x E. urophylla (HEtu) and E. grandis x E. urophylla (HEgu) in the sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds was evaluated. The sanity test was conducted out in completely randomizes design (CRD), factorial scheme 2x5 (two essential oils, in five concentrations: 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), the seeds were placed in gerbox boxes in an incubator at 20 ºC for seven days, the fungi were identified according to their morphology. The physiological quality was evaluated in CRD, factorial scheme 2x4+1, being: two essential oils, in four concentrations (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), plus an additional control treated with autoclaved distilled water, after eight days, the percentage of germination, percentage of abnormal seedlings and percentage of dead seeds were evaluated. The oils were efficient in controlling the Fusarium and Cladosporium genera, especially at concentrations of 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1. HEgu oil was more efficient in sanitary control, while HEtu oil was superior in all physiological variables. Despite the greater efficiency in sanitary control, HEgu oil negatively alters the physiological quality of the seeds, while HEtu oil at a concentration of 2.0 µL.mL-1, in addition to the efficiency in phytosanitary control, does not affect the physiological quality of the seeds.

Resumo As sementes de soja geralmente são infestadas por fungos, e a desinfestação tem sido realizada principalmente com fungicidas sintéticos, porém, tem-se buscado controles alternativos, entre eles, óleos essenciais. Assim, avaliou-se o efeito de óleos essenciais extraídos das folhas dos híbridos Eucalyptus tereticornis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEtu) e Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEgu) na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de soja. O teste de sanidade foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), esquema fatorial 2x5 (dois óleos essenciais, em cinco concentrações: 0; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), as sementes foram colocadas em caixas gerbox em incubadora a 20 ºC por sete dias, os fungos foram identificados de acordo com sua morfologia. A qualidade fisiológica foi avaliada em DIC, esquema fatorial 2x4+1, sendo: dois óleos essenciais, em quatro concentrações (0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), mais uma testemunha adicional tratada com água destilada autoclavada, após oito dias foram avaliadas a Percentual de germinação, Percentual de plântulas anormais e Percentual de sementes mortas. Os óleos mostram-se eficientes no controle dos gêneros Fusarium e Cladosporium, especialmente nas concentrações de 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1. O óleo do HEgu foi mais eficiente no controle sanitário, enquanto que o do HEtu foi superior para todas as variáveis fisiológicas. Apesar da maior eficiência no controle sanitário, o óleo do HEgu prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, enquanto que o do HEtu na concentração de 2,0 µL.mL-1 além da eficiente no controle fitossanitário não prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.26529

Vascular retinal findings after COVID-19 vaccination in 11 cases: a coincidence or consequence?
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Silva, Letícia S. C. da

; Finamor, Luciana P. S.

; Andrade, Gabriel C.

; Lima, Luiz H.

; Zett, Claudio

; Muccioli, Cristina

; Sarraf, Eduardo P.

; Marinho, Paula M.

; Peruchi, Julia

; Oliveira, Raiza D. de L.

; Giralt, Lena

; Charcan, Ivonne

; Fonollosa, Alex

; Diaz, Jose D.

; Davis, Janet L.

; Nascimento, Heloisa

; Belfort Jr, Rubens

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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Abr 2022, Volume 85 Nº 2 Páginas 158 - 165

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: o principal objetivo deste estudo foi descrever pacientes com achados vasculares retinianos temporalmente relacionados à vacinação contra COVID-19. Com maior notificação de possíveis eventos adversos similares, esperamos compreender a real dimensão e relevância do que foi apresentado. Métodos: Onze pacientes com queixas visuais após vacinação contra COVID-19 foram estudados. Os dados analisados foram: idade, gênero, tipo de vacinação, tempo de aparecimento de sintomas, achados sistêmicos, antecedentes pessoais, acuidade visual com melhor correção, biomicroscopia e imagem retiniana multimodal (retinografia colorida, red-free, SD-OCT, OCTA e angiofluoresceinografia). Os critérios de inclusão foram a presença de alterações oftalmológicas ocorridas dentro de 30 dias após a primeira ou segunda dose de qualquer vacina contra COVID-19. Resultados: Onze pacientes foram incluídos: 5 com oclusão arterial (45,4%), 4 com oclusão venosa (36,4%) e 2 (18,2%) com alterações não específicas vasculares sugestivas de isquemia retiniana como exsudatos algodonosos. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 57 anos (DP=16; com intervalo de 27 a 84 anos). A média de tempo de aparecimento de sintomas após a vacinação foi de 10 dias (DP=5,4; com intervalo de 3 a 16 dias). Nove dos onze pacientes eram do sexo feminino (81,8%). Fatores de risco sistêmicos foram observados em 36,4% dos pacientes. Dois pacientes tiveram sintomas neurológicos e visuais, com oclusão arterial. 36,4% dos pacientes tiveram infecção prévia por COVID-19 no último ano. Sete pacientes (63,6%) receberam a vacina ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222). Conclusões: nossos dados sugerem que eventos retinianos temporalmente relacionados à vacinação contra COVID-19 são possíveis, porém raros. A relação entre estes eventos pós-vacinais exigem futura atenção antes de maiores conclusões.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to assess vascular retinal findings temporally related to COVID-19 vaccination. With greater information regarding all possible future adverse events, we hope to understand the real dimension and relevance of what was presented. Methods: Eleven patients with visual complaints after COVID-19 vaccination were enrolled. Data on the following were included: age, sex, vaccine, time of symptom onset, systemic findings, medical history, best-corrected visual acuity, and ocular findings by slit-lamp biomicroscopy as well as multimodal retinal imaging (color fundus, red-free photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography, and fluorescein-angiography). Inclusion criteria were the presence of ophthalmologic signs within 30 days after the first or second dose of any COVID-19 vaccine. Results: Of 11 patients, five had arterial occlusion (45.4%), four had venous occlusion (36.4%), and two (18.2%) had nonspecific vascular alterations suggestive of retinal ischemia such as cotton-wool spots. The mean age was 57 (SD = 16; range: 27-84) years. The mean time of symptoms onset was 10 (SD = 5.4; range: 3-16) days. Nine patients were female (81.8%). Systemic risk factors were observed in 36.4% of patients. Two patients had both neurological and visual symptoms, with arterial occlusion. Overall, 36.4% patients had COVID-19 in the previous year. Seven patients (63.6%) received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine. Conclusions: Our data suggest that retinal events temporally related to COVID-19 vaccination are possible but are very rare. The relationship of these events with post-COVID-19 vaccination warrants further attention to derive a meaningful conclusion.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20220071

Two years of the COVID-19 pandemic: an anesthesiology perspective
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Schmidt, André P.

; Módolo, Norma S.P.

; de Amorim, Célio G.

; Simões, Cláudia M.

; Kraychete, Durval C.

; Joaquim, Eduardo H.G.

; Lineburger, Eric B.

; Papa, Fábio V.

; Fernandes, Fátima C.

; Mendes, Florentino F.

; Guimarães, Gabriel M.N.

; Barros, Guilherme A.M.

; Silva-Jr, João M.

; Lima, Laís H. Navarro e

; Azi, Liana M.T.A.

; Carvalho, Lorena I.M.

; Stefani, Luciana C.

; Garcia, Luis V.

; Carmona, Maria José C.

; Salgado Filho, Marcello F.

; Nascimento Junior, Paulo do

; Alves, Rodrigo L.

; Carvalho, Vanessa H.

; Quintão, Vinicius C.

; Carmona, Maria José C.

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

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Abr 2022, Volume 72 Nº 2 Páginas 165 - 168

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2022.02.004

Glacial meltwater input to the ocean around the Antarctic Peninsula: forcings and consequences
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LIMA, LUCIANA S.

; PEZZI, LUCIANO P.

; MATA, MAURÍCIO M.

; SANTINI, MARCELO F.

; CARVALHO, JONAS T.

; SUTIL, UESLEI ADRIANO

; CABRERA, MYLENE J.

; ROSA, ELIANA B.

; RODRIGUES, CELINA C.F.

; VEGA, XIMENA A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Supl. 1 elocation e20210811

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Antarctic region has experienced recent climate and environmental variations due to climate change, such as ice sheets and ice shelves loss, and changes in the production, extension, and thickness of sea-ice. These processes mainly affect the freshwater supply to the Southern Ocean and its water masses formation and export, being crucial to changes in the global climate. Here, we review the influence of the glacial freshwater input on the Antarctic Peninsula adjacent ocean. We highlight each climate process’ relevance on freshwater contribution to the sea and present a current overview of how these processes are being addressed and studied. The increase of freshwater input into the ocean carries several implications on climate, regionally and globally. Due to glacier melting, the intrusion of colder and lighter water into the ocean increases the stratification of the water column, influencing the sea-ice increase and reducing ocean-atmosphere exchanges, affecting the global water cycle. This study shows the role of each hydrological cycle processes and their contributions to the regional oceanography and potentially to climate.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210811

Samanea tubulosa Benth. (Fabaceae): Antinociceptive effect on acute pain in mice: K+ATP channel and opioid activity
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ALIXANDRE, TAMNATA F.

; SOUSA, RENATO P.

; GOMES, BRUNO S.

; SILVA, ARÊTHA H.S.

; SOUSA NETO, BENEDITO P.

; SOUSA, ELCILENE A.

; LIMA, MARLUCE P.D.

; LOPES, EVERTON M.

; PIAUILINO, CELYANE A.

; NASCIMENTO, REJANE T.

; REIS FILHO, ANTÔNIO C.

; ALMEIDA, FERNANDA R.C.

; OLIVEIRA, FRANCISCO A.

; CHAVES, MARIANA H.

; COSTA, LUCIANA M.

; ALVES, MICHEL M. MORAES

; COSTA, AMILTON P.R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 2 elocation e20210715

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Samanea tubulosa Benth. it has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory processes. The present study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive effect and mechanism of action of the fractions obtained from the Samanea tubulosa pods in mice. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated in formalin, capsaicin and glutamate tests and the. The possible mechanisms of action involved in the antinociceptive effect of the hexane and ethyl acetate fraction in the opioid system, also the the K + ATP channels and the L-arigine pathways of nitric oxide were evaluated. The chemical characterization analysis revealed in the hexane fraction the presence of triterpenes such as lupenone and lupeol. In the glutamate test, the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed antinociceptive activity at the dose of 12.5 and 25 mg kg-1. The antinociception produced by the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions was significantly reversed by naloxone, indicating that the fractions act through the opioid pathway. Antinociceptive response of the ethyl acetate fraction was blocked by glibenclamide, indicating that this fraction acts via the K + ATP channels activation. It is concluded that the fractions under study exert antinociceptive activity possibly related to the opioid route and through K+ ATP channels activation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210175

Synthesis, in silico Study and Antileishmanial Evaluation of New Selenides Derived from 7-Chloro-quinoline and N-Phenylacetamides
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Huang, Min-Fu N.

; Luis, José A. S.

; Silva, Alison P. da

; Rocha, Juliana C.

; Lima, Tatjana K. S.

; Scotti, Marcus T.

; Scotti, Luciana

; Oliveira, Rafael F. de

; Souza, Helivaldo D. S.

; Athayde-Filho, Petrônio F. de

; Barbosa-Filho, José M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Abr 2021, Volume 32 Nº 4 Páginas 712 - 721

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study describes a virtual screening performed for two series of selenides (28 compounds), derived from N-phenylacetamides chlorides and 7-chloro-quinoline, to determine their potential for leishmanicidal activity against Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania donovani. Seven compounds were predicted as potential leishmanicides; therefore, they were synthesized from elemental selenium, as a precursor for the production of NaHSe, and subsequent reactions with 4,7-dichloro-quinoline and N-phenylacetamides chlorides were performed. The compounds were characterized by infrared (IR), 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and sent for in vitro cytotoxicity tests against L. amazonensis and were found to be active and selective, and two compounds presented half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 5.67 and 10.81 µg mL-1. They also presented good interaction energies in the docking study, suggesting that may exert their effects by inhibiting the N-myristoyltransferase and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase enzymes in parasites.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200223 183 downloads

10.

Máscaras de tecido em locais públicos: intervenção essencial na prevenção da COVID-19 no Brasil
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Ortelan, Naiá

; Ferreira, Andrêa Jacqueline Fortes

; Leite, Luciana

; Pescarini, Julia Moreira

; Souto, Ana Cristina

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Aquino, Estela M. L.

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Fev 2021, Volume 26 Nº 2 Páginas 669 - 692

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Acumulam-se evidências de que o uso de máscaras é uma medida indispensável de proteção à COVID-19, devido ao alto poder de transmissão do novo coronavírus por via respiratória, inclusive por indivíduos assintomáticos. Por sua vez, o uso das máscaras de tecido em locais públicos tem se consolidado como medida adicional de proteção às medidas de distanciamento social e higienização das mãos. Objetivou-se sistematizar as evidências científicas que justificam o amplo uso de máscaras de tecido como prevenção à COVID-19 e descrever a evolução dos posicionamentos contrários ou favoráveis ao seu uso em ambientes extradomiciliares, diante do avanço da pandemia do novo coronavírus pelo mundo. A triagem de artigos e documentos oficiais do Brasil e de outros países indica que o uso de máscaras em locais públicos tornou-se uma intervenção essencial graças ao potencial de reduzir a velocidade de propagação do novo coronavírus. Recomenda-se que o poder público adote estratégias para aumentar a oferta deste produto e fomente estudos para avaliação do impacto da medida no controle da pandemia no Brasil. É imperativo assegurar disponibilidade de máscaras a grupos socioeconomicamente desfavorecidos e garantir que determinados grupos raciais não sejam estigmatizados diante do uso de máscaras em ambientes extradomiciliares.

Abstract There is increasing evidence that the use of masks is an indispensable protective measure against COVID-19, given the high transmissibility of the new coronavirus through the respiratory system, including by asymptomatic individuals. The use of cloth masks in public places has been established as a protective measure to be adopted alongside social distancing and hand hygiene. This narrative review aims to systematize the scientific evidence that informs the widespread use of cloth masks as a preventive measure against COVID-19 and to describe the evolution of positions contrary to or in favor of its use outside the home, in view of the advance of the new coronavirus pandemic globally. The scientific articles, technical notes, governmental decrees and other documents analyzed indicate that widespread use of masks has the potential to reduce the spread of the new coronavirus. We recommend that the Brazilian government adopt strategies to increase the supply of reusable cloth masks to the public, especially to vulnerable populations and to support studies on the impact of this measure to control the pandemic in the country. Finally, it is imperative to ensure that use of masks does not exacerbate stigmatization of racial groups that already face prejudice.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021262.36702020

11.

Máscaras de tecido em locais públicos: intervenção essencial na prevenção da COVID-19 no Brasil
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Ortelan, Naiá

; Ferreira, Andrêa Jacqueline Fortes

; Leite, Luciana

; Pescarini, Julia Moreira

; Souto, Ana Cristina

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Aquino, Estela M. L.

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Fev 2021, Volume 26 Nº 2 Páginas 669 - 692

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021262.36702020 3909 downloads

12.

COMVC-19: A Program to protect healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. What we have learned
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Fukuti, Pedro

; Uchôa, Caroline Louise Mesquita

; Mazzoco, Marina Flaborea

; Cruz, Isabella D'Andrea Garcia da

; Echegaray, Mariana V.F.

; Humes, Eduardo de Castro

; Silveira, Júlia Belizário

; Santi, Talita Di

; Miguel, Euripedes Constantino

; Corchs, Felipe

; Fatori, Daniel

; Campello, Guilherme

; Oliveira, Gabriel M. de

; Argolo, Felipe C.

; Ferreira, Felipe de M.

; Machado, Gustavo

; Argeu, Adriana

; Oliveira, Graça Maria Ramos de

; Serafim, Antônio de Pádua

; Siqueira, Luciana de Lima

; Rossi, Luciane de

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Oliveira, Talita Rodrigues de

; Antoniazzi, Leilane C. K.

; Gagliotti, Daniel Augusto Mori

; Abelama Neto, Emílio

; Oliveira Junior, Paulo Novais de

; Correia, Aline Villalobo

; Gonçalves, Luca Schilling

; Tortato, Liana Silva

; Busato, Wagner Machado Moraes

; Guimarães-Fernandes, Flávio

; Alves, Marcos

; Leite Netto, Oswaldo Ferreira

; Schoueri, Patrícia de Campos Lindenberg

; Roque, Márcio de Assis

; Merlin, Silvia Stahl

; Boer, Giovana Cardoso Machado

; Sallet, Paulo Clemente

; Malbergier, André

; Spedo, Mariana Abrahão

; Kamitsuji, Carla Satie

; Faria, Elizabeth de

; Moreira, Moacyr Vergara de Godoy

; Kaufman, Arthur

; Abdo, Carmita

; Scanavino, Marco de Tubino

; Lancman, Selma

; Tavares, Hermano

; Polanczyk, Guilherme

; Brunoni, André R.

; Forlenza, Orestes V.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e2631

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic brought a work and stress overload to healthcare workers, increasing their vulnerability to mental health impairments. In response, the authors created the COMVC-19 program. The program offered preventive actions and mental health treatment for the 22,000 workers of The Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). This paper aims to describe its implementation and share what we have learned from this experience. METHODS: Workers were able to easily access the program through a 24/7 hotline. Additionally, a mobile phone app that screened for signs and symptoms of emotional distress and offered psychoeducation and/or referral to treatment was made available. Data from both these sources as well as any subsequent psychiatric evaluations were collected. RESULTS: The first 20 weeks of our project revealed that most participants were female, and part of the nursing staff working directly with COVID-19 patients. The most frequently reported symptoms were: anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances. The most common diagnoses were Adjustment, Anxiety, and Mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing a mental health program in a multimodal intervention was feasible in a major quaternary public hospital. Our data also suggests that preventive actions should primarily be aimed at anxiety and depression symptoms, with a particular focus on the nursing staff.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2631

13.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: associated factors and noninvasive fibrosis staging in a single Brazilian center
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Taranto, Daniela Oliveira de Lima

; Guimarães, Thais Cristine Moura

; Couto, Claudia A.

; Cândido, Ana Lúcia

; Azevedo, Rosana Correa Silva

; Mattos, Fernanda Souza

; Elias, Maria Luiza Cândido

; Reis, Fernando M.

; Rocha, Ana Luiza L.

; Faria, Luciana C.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Jun 2020, Volume 64 Nº 3 Páginas 235 - 242

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a recognized risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with NAFLD in women with PCOS and evaluate noninvasive indices of hepatic fibrosis in patients with PCOS and NAFLD. Subjects and methods Patients with PCOS (n = 87) and women without PCOS (n = 40; controls) were included. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography after exclusion of alcohol consumption and viral or autoimmune liver disease. Anthropometric, clinical and metabolic variables, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, lipid accumulation product (LAP), FIB-4 index, NAFLD score, and transient elastography (TE; FibroScan) were obtained in subsets of patients with PCOS and NAFLD. Results A total of 87 patients with PCOS were included (mean age: 34.4 ± 5.7 years, mean body mass index [BMI]: 34.7 ± 4.7 kg/m 2 ). NAFLD was present in 67 (77.0%) patients with PCOS versus 21 of 40 (52.5%) controls (p = 0.005). Women with PCOS and liver steatosis, compared with their NAFLD-free counterparts, had higher values of BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, total cholesterol, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, and γ-glutamyltransferase, along with higher frequencies of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. NAFLD was independently associated with waist circumference, serum triglycerides, and alanine aminotransferase levels. The FIB-4 index was not compatible with advanced fibrosis in any of the evaluated patients, while NAFLD score and TE were compatible with advanced liver fibrosis in 1 of 26 (3.8%) and 3 of 25 (12%) patients, respectively. Conclusion Women with PCOS had a high risk of NAFLD, and a combination of both was associated with central obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Noninvasive methods suggested low rates of severe hepatic fibrosis in Brazilian women with PCOS. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):235-42

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000242 1042 downloads

14.

Medidas de distanciamento social no controle da pandemia de COVID-19: potenciais impactos e desafios no Brasil
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Aquino, Estela M. L.

; Silveira, Ismael Henrique

; Pescarini, Julia Moreira

; Aquino, Rosana

; Souza-Filho, Jaime Almeida de

; Rocha, Aline dos Santos

; Ferreira, Andrea

; Victor, Audêncio

; Teixeira, Camila

; Machado, Daiane Borges

; Paixão, Enny

; Alves, Flávia Jôse Oliveira

; Pilecco, Flávia

; Menezes, Greice

; Gabrielli, Ligia

; Leite, Luciana

; Almeida, Maria da Conceição Chagas de

; Ortelan, Naiá

; Fernandes, Qeren Hapuk R. Ferreira

; Ortiz, Renzo Joel Flores

; Palmeira, Raquel Nunes

; Pinto Junior, Elzo Pereira

; Aragão, Erika

; Souza, Luis Eugenio Portela Fernandes de

; Barral Netto, Manoel

; Teixeira, Maria Glória

; Barreto, Mauricio Lima

; Ichihara, Maria Yury

; Lima, Raíza Tourinho dos Reis Silva

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Jun 2020, Volume 25 Supl. 1 Páginas 2423 - 2446

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 tem desafiado pesquisadores e gestores a encontrar medidas de saúde pública que evitem o colapso dos sistemas de saúde e reduzam os óbitos. Esta revisão narrativa buscou sistematizar as evidências sobre o impacto das medidas de distanciamento social na epidemia de COVID-19 e discutir sua implementação no Brasil. Foram triados artigos sobre o efeito do distanciamento social na COVID-19 no PubMed, medRXiv e bioRvix, e analisados atos do poder público nos níveis federal e estadual para sumarizar as estratégias implementadas no Brasil. Os achados sugerem que o distanciamento social adotado por população é efetivo, especialmente quando combinado ao isolamento de casos e à quarentena dos contatos. Recomenda-se a implementação de medidas de distanciamento social e de políticas de proteção social para garantir a sustentabilidade dessas medidas. Para o controle da COVID-19 no Brasil, é imprescindível que essas medidas estejam aliadas ao fortalecimento do sistema de vigilância nos três níveis do SUS, que inclui a avaliação e uso de indicadores adicionais para monitorar a evolução da pandemia e o efeito das medidas de controle, a ampliação da capacidade de testagem, e divulgação ampla e transparente das notificações e de testagem desagregadas.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged researchers and policy makers to identify public safety measures forpreventing the collapse of healthcare systems and reducingdeaths. This narrative review summarizes the available evidence on the impact of social distancing measures on the epidemic and discusses the implementation of these measures in Brazil. Articles on the effect of social distancing on COVID-19 were selected from the PubMed, medRXiv and bioRvix databases. Federal and state legislation was analyzed to summarize the strategies implemented in Brazil. Social distancing measures adopted by the population appear effective, particularly when implemented in conjunction with the isolation of cases and quarantining of contacts. Therefore, social distancing measures, and social protection policies to guarantee the sustainability of these measures, should be implemented. To control COVID-19 in Brazil, it is also crucial that epidemiological monitoring is strengthened at all three levels of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). This includes evaluating and usingsupplementary indicators to monitor the progression of the pandemic and the effect of the control measures, increasing testing capacity, and making disaggregated notificationsand testing resultstransparentand broadly available.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10502020 73073 downloads

15.

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU in a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil - study protocol
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Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Ho, Yeh-Li

; Besen, Bruno A.M.P.

; Malbuisson, Luiz M.S.

; Taniguchi, Leandro U.

; Mendes, Pedro V.

; Costa, Eduardo L.V.

; Park, Marcelo

; Daltro-Oliveira, Renato

; Roepke, Roberta M.L.

; Silva Jr, João M.

; Carmona, Maria José C.

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro

; Hirota, Adriana

; Kanasiro, Alberto Kendy

; Crescenzi, Alessandra

; Fernandes, Amanda Coelho

; Miethke-Morais, Anna

; Bellintani, Arthur Petrillo

; Canasiro, Artur Ribeiro

; Carneiro, Bárbara Vieira

; Zanbon, Beatriz Keiko

; Batista, Bernardo Pinheiro De Senna Nogueira

; Nicolao, Bianca Ruiz

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Biselli, Bruno

; Macedo, Bruno Rocha De

; Toledo, Caio Machado Gomes De

; Pompilio, Carlos Eduardo

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro De

; Mol, Caroline Gomes

; Stipanich, Cassio

; Bueno, Caue Gasparotto

; Garzillo, Cibele

; Tanaka, Clarice

; Forte, Daniel Neves

; Joelsons, Daniel

; Robira, Daniele

; Costa, Eduardo Leite Vieira

; Silva Júnior, Elson Mendes Da

; Regalio, Fabiane Aliotti

; Segura, Gabriela Cardoso

; Marcelino, Gustavo Brasil

; Louro, Giulia Sefrin

; Ho, Yeh-Li

; Ferreira, Isabela Argollo

; Gois, Jeison de Oliveira

; Silva Junior, Joao Manoel Da

; Reusing Junior, Jose Otto

; Ribeiro, Julia Fray

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Galleti, Karine Vusberg

; Silva, Katia Regina

; Isensee, Larissa Padrao

; Oliveira, Larissa dos Santos

; Taniguchi, Leandro Utino

; Letaif, Leila Suemi

; Lima, Lígia Trombetta

; Park, Lucas Yongsoo

; Chaves Netto, Lucas

; Nobrega, Luciana Cassimiro

; Haddad, Luciana

; Hajjar, Ludhmila

; Malbouisson, Luiz Marcelo

; Pandolfi, Manuela Cristina Adsuara

; Park, Marcelo

; Carmona, Maria José Carvalho

; Andrade, Maria Castilho Prandini H De

; Santos, Mariana Moreira

; Bateloche, Matheus Pereira

; Suiama, Mayra Akimi

; Oliveira, Mayron Faria de

; Sousa, Mayson Laercio

; Louvaes, Michelle

; Huemer, Natassja

; Mendes, Pedro

; Lins, Paulo Ricardo Gessolo

; Santos, Pedro Gaspar Dos

; Moreira, Pedro Ferreira Paiva

; Guazzelli, Renata Mello

; Reis, Renato Batista Dos

; Oliveira, Renato Daltro De

; Roepke, Roberta Muriel Longo

; Pedro, Rodolpho Augusto De Moura

; Kondo, Rodrigo

; Rached, Samia Zahi

; Fonseca, Sergio Roberto Silveira Da

; Borges, Thais Sousa

; Ferreira, Thalissa

; Cobello Junior, Vilson

; Sales, Vivian Vieira Tenório

; Ferreira, Willaby Serafim Cassa

Clinics

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2020, Volume 75 elocation e2294

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: We designed a cohort study to describe characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in the largest public hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil, as Latin America becomes the epicenter of the pandemic. METHODS: This is the protocol for a study being conducted at an academic hospital in Brazil with 300 adult ICU beds dedicated to COVID-19 patients. We will include adult patients admitted to the ICU with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 during the study period. The main outcome is ICU survival at 28 days. Data will be collected prospectively and retrospectively by trained investigators from the hospital’s electronic medical records, using an electronic data capture tool. We will collect data on demographics, comorbidities, severity of disease, and laboratorial test results at admission. Information on the need for advanced life support and ventilator parameters will be collected during ICU stay. Patients will be followed up for 28 days in the ICU and 60 days in the hospital. We will plot Kaplan-Meier curves to estimate ICU and hospital survival and perform survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify the main risk factors for mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04378582. RESULTS: We expect to include a large sample of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU and to be able to provide data on admission characteristics, use of advanced life support, ICU survival at 28 days, and hospital survival at 60 days. CONCLUSIONS: This study will provide epidemiological data about critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Brazil, which could inform health policy and resource allocation in low- and middle-income countries.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e2294 1957 downloads

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