The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional changes in silages of four sorghum hybrids at different storage times. The design was a completely randomized in a 4 × 9 arrangement of plots with four replications. The four sorghum hybrids, Qualysilo, Chopper, Dominator, and Maxisilo, were allocated to the plots. In the subplots, sampling times were considered in fresh material and after 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 112, and 224 days of storage. The material was ensiled in experimental polyvinyl chloride silos and subsequently evaluated for chemical composition and fermentative profile over the nine different periods of the fermentation process. Crude protein was reduced by 1.21g/kg per day until the third day of fermentation. The levels of neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen and acid detergent insoluble nitrogen exceeded the upper limit of 311 g/kg of N. Of the studied silages, an NDF content of 734 g/kg was obtained in Maxisilo, which was higher than the other silages (average: 547 g/kg). Silage production can be achieved with the four materials; however, the Maxisilo sorghum provides silages of lower quality, with a DM content of less than 30%. The other materials fit into the nutritional profiles proposed by the literature, characterizing them as good quality silages.

Resumo Introdução Alterações olfativas são bastante comuns na população, causam significativo impacto na qualidade de vida. A documentação da função olfatória é fundamental para o diagnóstico, tratamento e seguimento de pacientes que cursam com doenças inflamatórias das vias aéreas superiores, neurodegenerativas ou infecções virais. Entre os diferentes testes de olfato existentes, o teste do Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) é barato, de fácil aplicação, mas que ainda não foi avaliado em grande escala para a população brasileira. Objetivo Validar o teste de olfato CCCRC com adaptação para a população brasileira, avaliar o desempenho de voluntários saudáveis e a estabilidade do teste em retestes. Método Neste estudo fizemos adaptação cultural do teste CCCRC para o Brasil. Para validação e determinação dos escores de normalidade, aplicamos o teste em 334 voluntários saudáveis, com mais de 18 anos. O reteste foi ainda feito em até quatro semanas em 34 voluntários adicionais para avaliar concordância dos resultados. Resultados Avaliando o desempenho dos participantes, valores de normosmia e hiposmia leve foram obtidos em mais de 95% deles. Mulheres (58,4%) apresentaram melhor acurácia em relação aos homens (41,6%), p< 0,02; e indivíduos acima dos 60 anos apresentaram pior desempenho (mediana: 6; percentil 75: 6,5; percentil 25: 5). O teste e reteste dos 34 voluntários demonstrou que houve concordância (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, CCI) considerada boa em narina esquerda (CCI = 0,65) e excelente em narina direita (CCI = 0,77) no escore combinado. Conclusão O teste CCCRC adaptado para o Brasil apresentou valores de normalidade semelhantes ao teste originalmente descrito e a validações em outros países, com alta taxa de reprodutibilidade. Considerando a relação custo-benefício altamente favorável, o CCCRC adaptado é uma ferramenta muito útil para mensuração da função olfatória na população brasileira.

Abstract Introduction Olfactory changes are quite common in the population, causing a significant impact on the quality of life. Documentation of the olfactory function is essential for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with inflammatory diseases of the upper airways, neurodegenerative diseases or viral infections. Among the different existing smell tests, the CCCRC is an inexpensive test, easy to apply, but it has not yet been evaluated on a large scale in the Brazilian population. Objective To validate the CCCRC smell test, after adaptation for the Brazilian population, evaluating the performance of healthy volunteers and the stability of the test in retests. Methods In this study, we carried out a cultural adaptation of the CCCRC test to Brazil. To validate and determine the normality scores, we applied the test to 334 healthy volunteers, aged >18 years of age. The retest was also carried out in up to four weeks on 34 additional volunteers to assess validity of the results. Results When evaluating the participants’ performance, normosmia and mild hyposmia values were obtained in more than 95% of them. Women (58.4%) showed better accuracy than men (41.6%): p < 0.02, and individuals over 60 years of age showed worse performance (median: 6; 75th percentile: 6.5; 25th percentile). The test and retest of the 34 volunteers demonstrated that there was agreement (ICC, intraclass correlation coefficient) considered good in the left nostril (ICC = 0.65) and excellent in the right nostril (ICC = 0.77) in the combined score. Conclusion The CCCRC test adapted to Brazil showed normal values, similar to the originally-described test and validations in other countries, with a high reproducibility rate. Considering the highly favorable cost-benefit ratio, the adapted CCCRC is a very useful tool for measuring olfactory function in the Brazilian population.

Abstract Currently, antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health problem, which has made the need for new antimicrobial compounds to deal with resistant infections an emergency. However, environments that once offered so many innovative molecules, now already exhaustively exploited, do not meet this need. In this context, a geographically isolated, under-explored and extreme environment, such as Antarctica, which holds organisms with unique physiological and biochemical characteristics, assumes great importance as a potential source of new compounds with antimicrobial activity. In this patent review, we investigate the state of technological development in the field of antimicrobial compounds obtained from Antarctic organisms, highlighting the main countries and researchers active in the field, the species utilized, the compounds obtained, and their possible therapeutic applications. As results, few patent documents were found, however they encompass a wide diversity of compounds and species, indicating a great antimicrobial potential present in Antarctic biota, including compounds active against the most important human pathogenic microorganisms, such as including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. and multi-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, due to the increasing trend in patent applications, a significant rise in the number of patents in this area is expected in the coming years.

Abstract Biochar has been used to reuse the agro-industrial wastes and improve soil quality. Several studies have been carried out to show the impact of biochar on physical and chemical soil attributes. However, there are still gaps regarding the effects on as microbial biomass and enzymatic activities that are important to determine sensitive indicators to evaluate changes in management practices. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of two biochars on the chemical, microbial biomass carbon, and the enzymatic activities in an Entisol cultivated with bean. We evaluate two types of coffee biochar: ground and husks, four doses (4, 8, 12, and 16 Mg ha-1) and control. All treatments received organic fertilization with cow manure. Husks biochar increase the soil pH, Ca, and K, also contributing to the reduction of toxic aluminum contents and raising the concentrations of P labile. The treatments that received ground biochar showed higher soil organic carbon, microbial biomass, β-glucosidase, and fluorescein diacetate. Biochar produced from coffee residues increased sandy soil quality. We showed the first report on the beneficial impact of coffee biochar on enzymatic and microbiological quality of sandy soil cultivated with the bean.

RESUMO: Estudamos o círculo arterial no encéfalo de cinco espécimes do primata Alouatta belzebul. O material teve o sistema arterial perfundido (água a 40°C), injetado com látex corado (Neoprene 650), fixado em solução aquosa de formaldeído (10%) e dissecado para verificação dos vasos. O círculo arterial deste primata é composto por dois sistemas vasculares: vértebro-basilar e o sistema carotídeo, que se anastomosam para fechar o circuito arterial. Na porção caudal do círculo arterial encontra-se as artérias vertebrais e seus ramos: artéria espinal rostral e a cerebelar inferior caudal. A anastomose das artérias vertebrais dá origem a artéria basilar. Esta apresentou uma variação anatômica no início do seu trajeto, formando uma dupla artéria basilar, denominada ilha arterial. Em seu trajeto emitiu ramos dando origem a artéria cerebelar inferior rostral, as artérias pontinas, as artérias cerebelares rostrais, as artérias cerebelares rostrais satélites e o seu ramo terminal, a artéria cerebral caudal, que apresentou-se em dois segmentos: o pré-comunicante e pós-comunicante, unindo-se a artéria carótida interna e originando a artéria comunicante caudal. Este grupo de artérias e anastomoses encerram a porção caudal do círculo arterial. Das artérias carótidas internas direita e esquerda, inicia-se a porção rostral do círculo arterial, ao qual é constituído pelas artérias cerebrais rostrais direita e esquerda e as artérias cerebrais médias direita e esquerda. As artérias cerebrais rostrais se anastomosam em um tronco único dando origem a artéria inter-hemisférica e em A. belzebul e Sapajus libidinosus, a artéria comunicante rostral se encontra ausente. A artéria inter-hemisférica segue para região média do encéfalo e no joelho do corpo caloso se divide em artéria pericalosa e artéria calosomarginal, que vão suprir as regiões pré e pós-central dos hemisférios cerebrais desta espécie, assim como outros primatas não humanos e humano. Nota-se que na primeira parte da artéria cerebral rostral esquerda, ocorre uma inosculação direta entre o ramo recorrente da artéria cerebral rostral e artéria cerebral média esquerda para suprir a região entorrinal, esse fato também ocorre em Pongo spp. A artéria cerebral média segue seu trajeto pelo sulco lateral onde emite vários ramos superficiais para irrigar as regiões corticais supero e ínfero lateral do lobo frontal, parietal e temporal, esta não faz parte do círculo arterial mas é o ramo terminal da artéria carótida interna. Pode-se considerar que A. belzebul depende de duas fontes de suprimento para o encéfalo: os sistemas vértebro-basilar e carotídeo, contribuindo na intervenção de médicos veterinários durante os procedimentos clínicos e cirúrgicos em outros primatas, assim como na preservação de animais silvestres.

ABSTRACT: We studied the arterial circle in the brain of five specimens of the Alouatta belzebul primate. The material had the arterial system perfused (water at 40°C), injected with stained latex (Neoprene 650), fixed in aqueous formaldehyde solution (10%) and dissected for vessel verification. The arterial circle of this primate is composed of two vascular systems: the vertebra-basilar and the carotid ones, which anastomose to close the arterial circuit. In the caudal portion of the arterial circle, there are the vertebral arteries and their branches: the rostral spinal artery and the caudal inferior cerebellar artery. The anastomosis of the vertebral arteries gives rise to the basilar artery. It presented an anatomical variation at the beginning of its path, forming a double basilar artery, called arterial island. In its course, it emitted branches giving rise to the rostral inferior cerebellar artery, the pontine arteries, the rostral cerebellar arteries, the satellite rostral cerebellar arteries and its terminal branch, the caudal cerebral artery, which presented itself in two segments: the pre-communicating one and post-communicating, joining the internal carotid artery and originating the caudal communicating artery. This group of arteries and anastomoses enclose the caudal portion of the arterial circle. From the right and left internal carotid arteries begins the rostral portion of the arterial circle, which consists of the right and left rostral cerebral arteries and the right and left middle cerebral arteries. The rostral cerebral arteries anastomose into a single trunk, giving rise to the interhemispheric artery, and in A. belzebul and Sapajus libidinosus, the rostral communicating artery is absent. The interhemispheric artery goes to the midbrain region and the corpus callosum knee divides into pericalous artery and callosarginal artery, which will supply the pre and post-central regions of the cerebral hemispheres of this species, as well as other non-human and human primates. It is noted that in the first part of the left rostral cerebral artery, there is a direct inosculation between the recurrent branch of the rostral cerebral artery and left middle cerebral artery to supply the entorhinal region. This fact also occurs in Pongo spp. The middle cerebral artery travels along the lateral sulcus where it emits several superficial branches to irrigate the superior and inferior lateral cortical regions of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes. It is not part of the arterial circle but is the terminal branch of the internal carotid artery. A. belzebul can be considered to depend on two sources of supply to the brain: the vertebra-basilar and carotid systems, contributing to the intervention of veterinarians during clinical and surgical procedures in other primates, as well as the preservation of wild animals.

RESUMO A exploração florestal é conduzida em milhares de hectares e apresenta ampla variação nas condições ambientais em termos de solo, clima e até mesmo manejo, assim, identificar clones que possam ser recomendados para essas diversas condições é um grande desafio. Nesta recomendação, um caráter importante é o incremento médio anual em celulose (IMACEL). Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a interação de diferentes clones e ambientes para o IMACEL com a finalidade de verificar se a origem da seleção dos clones afeta seu desempenho em outras regiões e identificar clones com base na adaptabilidade. Foram utilizados dados de IMACEL referente à avaliação de clones de Eucalyptus da empresa Suzano S.A. em cinco ambientes, nos estados do Espírito Santo, São Paulo e Mato Grosso do Sul. Os testes clonais foram instalados no delineamento de blocos casualizados com parcelas de uma planta. Dados referentes ao IMACEL das árvores, aos cinco anos, foram submetidos à análise de variância por ambiente e, posteriormente, à análise conjunta. A interação clones x ambientes foi expressiva para o IMACEL, porém, a origem de seleção dos clones não afeta o seu desempenho quando utilizados em outras regiões. Alguns clones se destacaram quanto à adaptabilidade, permitindo maior segurança à empresa na recomendação para diferentes ambientes.

ABSTRACT Forest exploitation is conducted in thousands of hectares in Brazil and presents a wide variation in environmental conditions in terms of soil, climate and even management, so identifying clones that may be recommended for these various conditions is a major challenge. In this recommendation, one important character is the mean annual increment in cellulose (MAICEL). This study aimed to evaluate the interaction of different clones and environments for MAICEL in order to verify whether the origin of clone selection affects their performance in other regions and to identify clones based on adaptability. MAICEL data were used for the evaluation of clones from Suzano S.A. in five environments distributed in the states of Espírito Santo, São Paulo, and Mato Grosso do Sul. Clonal tests were arranged in a randomized block design with plots of one plant. Data on MAICEL of the trees at five years were submitted to analysis of variance per environment and, subsequently, to the joint analysis. The clones x environments interaction was expressive for MAICEL, however, the origin of selection does not affect the performance of clones when grown in other regions. Some clones stood out for their adaptability, allowing more security to the company on the recommendation for different environments.

RESUMO Este estudo tem por objetivo investigar o comportamento do nível de gerenciamento de resultados trimestrais das companhias abertas brasileiras. Para isso, selecionou-se uma amostra de 107 empresas listadas na B3 S/A Brasil Bolsa Balcão e estimaram-se os accruals discricionários trimestrais entre 2012 e 2017 através do modelo Paulo (2007) como proxy para o gerenciamento de resultados contábeis. Em seguida, utilizou-se uma segunda regressão com os accruals discricionários trimestrais e variáveis dummies representativas de cada trimestre. Os resultados indicam que, em média, a magnitude dos accruals discricionários são maiores no quarto e último trimestre do ano, bem como o nível de accruals anormais no primeiro trimestre se mostrou significantemente diferente dos segundo e terceiro trimestre, devido à reversão dos accruals do quarto trimestre do exercício anterior. Esses achados sugerem que os gestores ajustam mais fortemente o reporte do desempenho das firmas ao final do exercício, pois torna-se a última oportunidade para utilizarem a discricionariedade sobre os números contábeis com a intenção de atingir metas e expectativas de resultados anuais.

ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the behavior of the quarterly earnings management level of Brazilian public companies. For this purpose, a sample of 107 companies listed on the B3 Brasil Bolsa Balcão S.A. was selected and the quarterly discretionary accruals among 2012 and 2017 were estimated using Paulo’s (2007) model as a proxy for earnings management. Next, a second regression with the quarterly discretionary accruals and dummy variables representative of each quarter was used. The results indicate that the magnitude average of discretionary accruals are higher in the fourth and last quarter, and discretionary accruals for the first quarter were significantly different from the second and third quarter. These findings suggest that managers adjust the firm’s performance report more strongly at the end of the year as it becomes the last opportunity to use discretion over accounting numbers with the intent to achieve annual goals.

Abstract: Currently, the research of new natural compounds with biological potential demonstrates great ethnopharmacological importance. In this study, we evaluated the biological properties promoted by saline extract from Malpighia emarginata DC leaves, whose objective is to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potential. Phytochemical characterization was performed by UPLC-MS chromatography to identify the chemical compounds. For the antioxidant potential, DPPH, ATT and FRAP methods were used. The antibacterial and antifungal tests were performed evaluating the MIC50, MIC90, CMB and CMF parameters. Moreover, antibiofilm action was evaluated. Cytotoxicity and proliferation were performed using splenocytes from Balb/c mice and were evaluated by cytometry. We found a list of phenolic compounds among other bioactive compounds in the M. emarginata saline extract. In addition, higher antioxidant profile and antifungal activity against different strains of Candida spp. was promoted by the saline extract. Splenocytes showed greater cell viability (more than 90%) and showed higher proliferate index in 24 and 48 hours of incubation with the extract. Saline extract from Malpighia emarginata DC has potential action like antioxidant and antifungal agent without promote animal cell damage.

ABSTRACT Rhizophora mangle is an abundant plant in mangroves and tannic acid is a polyphenol produced by the secondary metabolism of plants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and embriostatic effects of the aqueous extract of R. mangle and synthetic tannic acid on eggs and larvae of Aedes aegypti. A. aegypti eggs were exposed in duplicate at concentrations of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL of extract and tannic acid for a period of 14 days. Mineral water was used as a negative control. The eggs were observed and counted in a stereomicroscope (1.2x). In all extract concentrations there was stimulation in hatching in relation to the control, but only in concentration of 750 mg/mL it was statistically significant. In tannic acid (250µg/ml) there was significant stimulus in hatching, but in 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL there was significant inhibition. All concentrations of aqueous extract and tannic acid on larvae showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects when compared to the control. The aqueous extract of R. mangle showed effect on hatching of A. aegypti eggs and synthetic tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects. On larvae, both the aqueous extract as tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects.

RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o perfil das Ig durante os diferentes tratamentos de vacas com mastite clínica. Para isso, 30 vacas com mastite clínica em um quarto mamário foram utilizadas e divididas em três grupos. O primeiro grupo foi composto por 10 animais submetidos ao tratamento combinado com infusão intramamária de 8,5mg de sulfato de cefquinoma após cada ordenha, totalizando três aplicações e administração intramuscular de 2,5mg/kg de enrofloxacina por três dias. O segundo grupo foi composto por 10 animais submetidos ao tratamento intramamário, com infusão intramamária de 8,5mg de sulfato de cefquinoma, após cada ordenha, totalizando três aplicações. O terceiro grupo foi composto por 10 animais submetidos ao tratamento sistêmico, com 2,5mg/kg de enrofloxacina, durante três dias. As amostras de leite foram coletadas de todos os animais antes dos tratamentos (momento 0), no segundo (momento 1), no quinto (momento 2) e no 12º dia (momento 3) após o término dos tratamentos. Estas foram submetidas à contagem de células somáticas, ao California Mastitis Test (CMT), ao exame bacteriológico e à quantificação das IgG1, IgG2, IgA e IgM. O tratamento combinado foi mais eficaz e precoce na taxa de cura clínica, na redução dos escores de CMT e da contagem de células somáticas. Além disso, os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que as concentrações lácteas das diferentes classes de Ig, apesar de sua importância biológica, não estão relacionadas ao prognóstico da mastite clínica bovina, ou seja, não podem ser consideradas marcadores robustos associados à cura clínica e/ou bacteriológica da infecção intramamária.

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the profile of immunoglobins profile, clinical and bacteriological cure after different treatment routes of clinical bovine mastitis. Here, 30 Holstein cows with clinical mastitis in one quarter were uniformly divided into: 10 dairy cows that received 8.5mg of cefquinome sulphate administrated intramammarily during three consecutive milkings and 2.5mg/kg of enrofloxacin administrated parenterally during three consecutive days (Group 1); 10 dairy cows that received 8.5mg of cefquinome sulphate administrated intramammarily during three consecutive milkings (Group 2); and 10 dairy cows that received 2.5mg/kg of enrofloxacin administrated parenterally during three consecutive days (Group 3). Milk samples for somatic cell count, California Mastitis Test (CMT), bacteriological culture and quantification of IgG1, IgG2, IgM and IgA were collected before antimicrobial treatment, and after two, five and 12 days after the antimicrobial treatment. The combined treatment was more effective in the clinical cure rate, reduction of somatic cell count and CMT scores. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that milk concentration of different Igs classes were not related to prognosis of bovine clinical mastitis, and then cannot be considered as robust markers associated with clinical and bacteriological cures.

Abstract Fungal infections have become a concern for health professionals, and the emergence of resistant strains has been reported for all known classes of antifungal drugs. Among the fungi causing disease, we highlight those that belong to the genus Aspergillus. For these reasons, the search for new antifungals is important. This study examines the effects of a coumarin derivative, 4-acetatecoumarin (Cou-UMB16) both alone and together with antifungal drugs, and its mode of action against Aspergillus spp. Cou-UMB16 was tested to evaluate its effects on mycelia growth, and germination of Aspergillus spp. fungal conidia. We investigated its possible action on cell walls, on the cell membrane, and also the capacity of this coumarin derivative to enhance the activity of antifungal drugs. Our results suggest that Cou-UMB16 inhibits Aspergillus spp. virulence factors (mycelia growth and germination of conidia) and affects the structure of the fungal cell wall. When applying Cou-UMB16 in combination with azoles, both synergistic and additive effects were observed. This study concludes that Cou-UMB16 inhibits mycelial growth and spore germination, and that the activity is due to its action on the fungal cell wall, and that Cou-UMB16 could act as an antifungal modifier.

Epithelial cell migration is an essential response to enteric pathogens such as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). This study aimed to investigate the effects of EPEC infection on intestinal epithelial cell migration in vitro, as well as the involvement of type III secretion system (T3SS) and Rho GTPases. Crypt intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) were infected with EPEC strains (E2348/69, ΔescF, and the LDI001 strain isolated from a malnourished Brazilian child) and commensal E. coli HS. Wound migration and cell death assays were performed at different time-points. Transcription and expression of Rho GTPases were evaluated using real-time PCR and western blotting. Overall, EPEC E2348/69 reduced migration and increased apoptosis and necrosis levels compared to EPEC LDI001 and E. coli HS strains. Moreover, EPEC LDI001 impaired cell migration at a higher level than E. coli HS and increased necrosis after 24 hours compared to the control group. The different profiles of virulence genes between the two wild-type EPEC strains, characterized by the absence of espL and nleE genes in the LDI001, might explain the phenotypic results, playing significant roles on cell migration impairment and cell death-related events. Moreover, the type III secretion system is determinant for the inhibition of intestinal epithelial cell migration by EPEC 2348/69, as its deletion prevented the effect. Active Rac1 concentrations were increased in E2348/69 and LDI001-infected cells, while the T3SS-deficient strain did not demonstrate this activation. This study contributes with valuable insight to characterize the mechanisms involved in the impairment of intestinal cell migration induced by EPEC.

RESUMO: A febre catarral maligna (FCM) é uma doença causada pela infecção de bovinos pelo herpesvírus ovino tipo 2 (OvHV-2), responsável por perdas econômicas em diferentes regiões do Brasil. Neste trabalho descreve-se a detecção molecular por nested-PCR (nPCR) do OvHV-2 em amostras de secreção/esfoliação nasal e fração celular sanguínea (FCS) de ovinos provenientes de 8 propriedades do Distrito Federal. Das 188 amostras nasais analisadas, 88 (41,5%) foram positivas. Ovelhas prenhes não apresentaram diferenças na taxa de infecção em comparação com fêmeas paridas. Fêmeas recém-paridas apresentaram taxa de infecção pelo OvHV-2 maior que em animais que pariram há mais de 60 dias. Amostras de secreção/esfoliação nasal permitiram a detecção por nPCR de animais infectados com uma eficiência aproximadamente duas vezes maior que em amostras de fração celular sanguínea. No Brasil, informações epidemiológicas sobre a infecção pelo OvHV-2 nos rebanhos ovinos e fatores envolvidos no surgimento de surtos de FCM em bovinos são escassos. Este estudo pode servir de subsídio para elucidar as características da enfermidade e para novos estudos sobre a epidemiologia da doença no Distrito Federal e em outros Estados do Brasil.

ABSTRACT: Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a disease caused by bovine infection with ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OvHV-2) and responsible for economic losses in different Brazilian regions. This paper describes the molecular detection of OvHV-2 by nested-PCR (nPCR) in nasal secretion/exfoliation samples and blood cell fraction (BCF) of sheep from 8 properties in the Federal District. Among the 188 nasal samples, 88 (41.5%) were positive to OvHV-2. Pregnant ewe presented no differences at the infection rate in comparison with parous females. Newly calved sheep showed higher OvHV-2 infection rate than female over 60 days of calving. Nasal samples allowed the detection of infected animals by nPCR with efficiency about twice than that in the blood cell fraction samples. In Brazil, epidemiological information about OvHV-2 infection in sheep flocks and factors involved in emergence of FCM outbreaks in cattle are still scarce. This study may provide support for elucidating some characteristics of the disease and for further epidemiological studies in the Federal District and other Brazilian States.

RESUMO Este relato descreve o caso do Cladosporium cladosporioides isolado de uma lesão periocular de um felino atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, em Cuiabá. A principal queixa do proprietário era uma lesão periocular, com piora no decorrer do tempo, havia aproximadamente quatro meses. Foi descrita a tentativa de tratamento da lesão com anti-inflamatórios e antibióticos, sem sucesso. Na anamnese foi relatado que o animal tinha acesso à rua e a hábitos de caça e que não havia outros animais da casa com lesão semelhante. O animal foi submetido à biópsia e citologia para um diagnóstico mais preciso do caso. Um fragmento foi encaminhado para o Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária e outro para o de Microbiologia Veterinária. Nas análises histopatológicas, houve compatibilidade com carcinoma de células escamosas e, nas lâminas de citologia, foi evidenciado um processo inflamatório agudo. Nas características macroscópicas e microscópicas da colônia, houve compatibilidade com Cladosporium sp. Posteriormente, o DNA foi extraído e sequenciado, confirmando a espécie Cladosporium cladosporioides. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever o isolamento dessa espécie em um felino com carcinoma de células escamosas.

ABSTRACT This report describes a case of Cladosporium cladosporioides isolated from a cat with a periocular lesion at the Veterinary Hospital, Cuiaba- Brazil. Owner described his animal as having a periocular lesion treated unsuccessfully with anti-inflamatories and antibiotics. During anamnesis, it was reported that the animal has access to the street, hunting habits and none of the other animals of the house had a similar injury. The animal underwent biopsy and cytology for more accurate diagnosis of the case. A fragment was referred to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory and another for Veterinary Microbiology. In the histopathological analysis of biopsy, it was compatible with squamous cell carcinoma and the cytology slides showed an acute inflammatory process. Microbiogical analysis isolated fungus with Cladosporium sp. Subsequently, DNA was extracted and sequenced confirming Cladosporium cladosporioides species. This paper reports the isolation of this species in a feline with squamous cell carcinoma.

RESUMO Spondias tuberosa Arruda, popularmente conhecida como umbu, é uma espécie nativa da Caatinga amplamente utilizada na medicina popular, cujo perfil toxicológico ainda não é conhecido. Deste modo, este estudo avaliou o perfil fitoquímico, a toxicidade aguda e a citotoxicidade do extrato etanólico da casca da Spondias tuberosa Arruda (EEStb) nos parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos e histopatológicos. Foram utilizados ratos fêmeas Wistar (±210g) e divididos em: grupo controle (C) e tratados com uma dose única de 300mg/Kg (EEStb300) ou 2.000mg/kg do peso corporal (ESStb2.000) do EEStb. Após 24 horas e 14 dias da gavagem, os parâmetros comportamentais, hematológicos, bioquímicos e histopatológicos foram determinados. O efeito citotóxico foi avaliado em células HEp-2. Não foi observada mortalidade ou alterações de massa corporal durante os 14 dias de experimento nos grupos EEStb300 e EEStb2.000, mas EEStb2.000 provocou uma redução discreta no consumo hídrico e alimentar, assim como na atividade locomotora no 1º dia de tratamento. Não houve alterações nos parâmetros histopatológicos, macroscópicos, bioquímicos e hematológicos. EEStb2000 nas concentrações de 6.25-50μg.ml-1) não produziu efeito citotóxico. na célula HEp-2. Estes resultados sugerem que EEStb não promoveu toxicidade aguda ou citotóxica, sugerindo boa margem de segurança para uso da Spondias tuberosa Arruda.

ABSTRACT Spondias tuberosa Arruda, popularly named as umbu, is native from savanna-like vegetation and widely used for medicinal purposes, however, the toxicological profile is not available yet. This study evaluated the phytochemical profile and acute toxicity and citoxicity of Ethanolic Extract of Spondias tuberosa Arruda Bark (EEStb) in hematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Female Wistar rats were divided into: control (C) and animal treated single doses of 300mg/Kg (EEStb300) or 2.000mg/kg body weight (ESStb2.000) of the EEStb. After 24 hours and 14 days from gavage, the behavior, hematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters were assayed. Cytotoxicity effect was evaluated on HEp-2 cell lines. Neither EEStb300 nor EEStb2.000 produced mortality nor changes in body weight during the 14-days of observation, but EEStb2.000 reduced quietly the food and water intake as well as locomotor activity at first day. There were no changes in macroscopic, histopathological, biochemical and hematological parameters. EEStb in concentrations of 6.25- 50μg ml−1 on HEp-2 cell did not produce cytotoxic effect. These results suggest that EEStb did not cause acute toxicity and cytotoxic, suggesting a good safety rate for Spondias tuberosa Arruda.