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Abstract The Brazilian Practice Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation – Part II, developed by the Scientific Department of Neurological Rehabilitation of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, in Portuguese), focuses on specific rehabilitation techniques to aid recovery from impairment and disability after stroke. As in Part I, Part II is also based on recently available evidence from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other guidelines. Part II covers disorders of communication, dysphagia, postural control and balance, ataxias, spasticity, upper limb rehabilitation, gait, cognition, unilateral spatial neglect, sensory impairments, home rehabilitation, medication adherence, palliative care, cerebrovascular events related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the future of stroke rehabilitation, and stroke websites to support patients and caregivers. Our goal is to provide health professionals with more recent knowledge and recommendations for better rehabilitation care after stroke.

Resumo As Diretrizes Brasileiras de Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) - Parte II, desenvolvida pelo Departamento Científico de Reabilitação Neurológica da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia é voltada para intervenções específicas de técnicas de reabilitação de déficits neurológicos e incapacidades. Seguindo o mesmo modelo da Parte I, a Parte II também se baseia em estudos randomizados, revisões sistemáticas, metanálises e outras diretrizes sobre o mesmo tema. A segunda parte aborda os distúrbios da comunicação, disfagia, controle postural e equilíbrio, ataxias, espasticidade, reabilitação do membro superior, marcha, cognição, negligência espacial unilateral, déficits sensoriais, reabilitação domiciliar, aderênciaao usode medicamentos, cuidados paliativos,ofuturodareabilitação no AVC, e websites de orientação sobre AVC para pacientes e cuidadores. Nosso objetivo é fornecer aos profissionais envolvidos na reabilitação conhecimento atualizado e recomendações para um melhor cuidado no pós-AVC.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757692

Evaluation of Coronally Advanced Flap In ''L'' Associated with Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft In the Treatments of Miller's Class I and II Gingival Recessions
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Lopes, Guilherme da Rocha Scalzer

; Matos, Jefferson David Melo de

; Nakano, Leonardo Jiro Nomura

; Merlo, Emanuelle Ambrosio

; Candotti, Juliana

; Bottino, Marco Antonio

; Andrade, Valdir Cabral

; Pascoal, Cristiano Hooper

International journal of odontostomatology

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Set 2020, Volume 14 Nº 3 Páginas 457 - 463

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: To evaluate clinically the results of two surgical techniques used for root coverage, the coronally advanced flap in '' L '' isolated (CAF) or associated with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG). The surgical procedures were performed in seventeen individuals, ten individuals in the control group (coronally advanced flap in "L") and seven individuals in the test group (coronally advanced flap in "L" associated with SCTG), who presented Miller class I and II gingival recession. The depth gingival recession (GR) index was evaluated in the following periods: immediate preoperative and 180 postoperative days. The control group had a success rate of 85 +/- 18 % and the test group had a success rate of 95 +/- 4 %. The variable success rates (p=0.36) did not present a statistically significant difference. The isolated CAF or its association with SCTG showed favorable outcomes in the treatments of Miller's class I and II gingival recessions.

RESUMEN: El objetivo fue evaluar clínicamente los resultados de dos técnicas quirúrgicas utilizadas para la cobertura radicular, el colgajo coronalmente avanzado en "L" aislado (CAF) o asociado con injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial (SCTG). Los procedimientos quirúrgicos se realizaron en diecisiete individuos, diez individuos en el grupo de control (colgajo coronario avanzado en "L") y siete individuos en el grupo de prueba (colgajo coronalmente avanzado en "L" asociado con SCTG), que presentaron la clase I de Miller y II recesión gingival. El índice de recesión gingival profunda (RG) se evaluó en los siguientes períodos: preoperatorio inmediato y 180 días postoperatorios. El grupo de control tuvo una tasa de éxito de 85 +/- 18 % y el grupo de prueba tuvo una tasa de éxito de 95 +/- 4 %. Las tasas de éxito variables (p = 0,36) no presentaron una diferencia estadísticamente significativa. La CAF aislada o su asociación con SCTG mostraron resultados favorables en los tratamientos de las recesiones gingivales de clase I y II de Miller.

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Segmental hypoplasia of the spinal cord and syringomyelia in a calf
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Souza, Luciana Aparecida de

; Lopes, Samara de Paula

; Daoualibi, Yasmin

; Mósena, Ana Cristina Sbaraini

; Gonçalo, Vinícius Vasconcellos da Cruz

; Veiga, Cristiano Chaves Pessoa da

; Spíndola, Bruno Ferreira

; Silva, Wanessa Pereira da

; Ubiali, Daniel Guimarães

; Caldas, Saulo Andrade

Ciência Rural

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2020, Volume 50 Nº 3 elocation e20190359

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Malformações congênitas são alterações funcionais e estruturais dos sistemas, tecidos ou órgãos que podem ocorrer na fase embrionária ou fetal. Malformações na medula espinhal, como hipoplasia segmentar da medula espinhal (HSME) e siringomielia, possuem raras descrições em bovinos. Uma bezerra Girolando, proveniente do Município de Valença, RJ, foi atendida no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), com quadro de incoordenação motora. À avaliação clínica, na coluna vertebral, à linha dorsal da região torácica havia uma área com depressão de 5 cm. Ao exame neurológico foi observado propriocepção reduzida, extensão de membros pélvicos com aumento da atividade nociceptiva e redução de reflexo anal. Ao exame radiográfico, o corpo vertebral T11 apresentou forma trapezoidal em cunha com hemivértebra ventral, provável agenesia ou hipoplasia dos processos espinhosos T11-T12 e fusão dos processos espinhosos T9-T10. À mielografia indicou compressão medular extradural provocada pelas malformações vertebrais. À necropsia não foram observados os processos espinhosos T11-T12, o canal medular apresentou estenose cranial (T11-T13) e, na medula espinhal torácica (T8-T11) foram observados poros de 1-3 mm na substância branca. À microscopia, os segmentos T9-T11 apresentaram dilatações císticas na substância branca e os segmentos T8-T9, formações de áreas císticas de tamanhos variados; nos segmentos T11-T13 denotou-se moderada redução da substância cinzenta ao redor do canal central da medula. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar os achados clínicos e patológicos desta bezerra Girolando com HSME e siringomielia, que devem ser diferenciadas de outras síndromes da medula espinhal. As malformações congênitas possuem importância econômica e sua etiologia e diagnóstico são fundamentais para a condução de programas de controle de doenças e seleção de progenitores.

ABSTRACT: Congenital malformations are functional and structural changes in organ systems, tissues, or organs that may develop during the embryonic or fetal phase. Spinal cord malformations, such as segmental hypoplasia of the spinal cord (SHSC) and syringomyelia, are rare in bovines. A Girolando calf from Valença, Rio de Janeiro, was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro because of motor incoordination. Clinical evaluation revealed a 5-cm depression area in the spine at the dorsal line of the thoracic region. Neurological examination revealed reduced proprioception, pelvic limb extension with increased nociceptive activity, and reduced anal reflex. In radiographic examination, the body of the T11 vertebra had a trapezoidal wedge shape with ventral hemivertebra, probable agenesis or hypoplasia of the T11-T12 spinous processes, and fusion of the T9-T10 spinous processes. Myelography revealed extradural spinal compression caused by vertebral malformations. Necropsy showed no spinous processes (T11-T12), cranial stenosis in the medullary canal (T11-T13), and 1-3-mm pores in the white matter of the thoracic spinal cord (T8-T11). Microscopy revealed cystic dilatations in the white matter (T9-T11), cystic areas of varying sizes (T8-T9), and moderate reduction in the gray matter around the central canal of the medulla (T11-T13). Here, we reported the clinical and pathological findings of SHSC and syringomyelia in a Girolando calf. The features should be differentiated from other spinal cord syndromes. Congenital malformations are of economic importance, and their etiology and diagnosis are fundamental to disease control and progenitor-selection programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190359 1036 downloads

Complementary description of Neanopidium mexicanum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Anopidiina)
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Aloquio, Sergio

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

Iheringia. Série Zoologia

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2019, Volume 109 elocation e2019002

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT A complementary description for Neanopidium mexicanum Dajoz, 1975, type species of the genus, is provided based on specimens from the type locality Valle Nacional (Oaxaca, Mexico), including description and illustrations of male and female abdominal terminalia, which is provided for the first time to a Neanopidium species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2019002 1651 downloads

Comparison of Bite Force with Locking Plates versus Non-Locking Plates in the Treatment of Mandibular Fractures: A Meta-Analysis
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Glória, José Cristiano Ramos

; Fernandes, Ighor Andrade

; Silveira, Esmeralda Maria da

; Souza, Glaciele Maria de

; Rocha, Ricardo Lopes

; Galvão, Endi Lanza

; Falci, Saulo Gabriel Moreira

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology

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Jun 2018, Volume 22 Nº 2 Páginas 181 - 189

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Mandibular fractures represent a high percentage of all facial fractures, and the bite force is a fundamental parameter to measure the actual mandibular function and, subsequently, the masticatory efficiency and quality of life. Objectives The purpose of the present systematic review was to verify if there is any difference in the bite forces of patients with mandibular fractures fixed by locking or non-locking plates, testing the null hypothesis of no difference in this parameter. Data Synthesis A systematic review of the literature was conducted using four databases (PubMed, Virtual Health Library,Web of Science and Science Direct) without restrictions as to publication date or language. We found 3,039 abstracts, and selected 4 articles for this review. Conclusion The overall results show better performance in bite force for the locking plates when compared with the non-locking plates in the incisor region (mean deviation [MD]: 1.18; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.13-2.23), right molar region (MD: 4.71; 95%CI: 0.63-8.79) and left molar region (MD: 10.34; 95%CI: 4.55-16.13). Although the results of this study indicated a better bite force result with the locking plates, there is still no sufficient evidence to support this information safely.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604056 654 downloads

MORFOMETRÍA COMPARADA DE LAS TEGMINAS DE SALTAMONTES (ORTHOPTERA: TETTIGONIIDAE)
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Romero-Zúñiga, Rodrigo Ivan

; Chamorro-Rengifo, Juliana

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

Boletín Científico. Centro de Museos. Museo de Historia Natural

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Jan 2018, Volume 22 Nº 1 Páginas 151 - 162

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar el grado de variación de los componentes estructurales de la tegmina izquierda en relación a la tegmina derecha, y como es el patrón de variación de estos dentro y entre taxones de Tettigoniidae. Métodos: Se disecaron 192 especímenes provenientes de la Región Andina colombiana, la Amazonia y la Floresta Atlántica brasilera. Las tegminas fueron fotografiadas y sobre ellas se localizaron seis puntos anatómicos, los cuales fueron usados para realizar los análisis morfométricos ANOVA Procrustes y componentes principales obtenidos de las matrices de las covarianzas del efecto simétrico y asimétrico. Resultados: La asimetría es altamente significativa tanto en la superfamilia como en las subfamilias. Sin embargo, la diferenciación de grupo por lado fue significativa para la familia y también dentro de las subfamilias, con excepción de Pseudophyllinae. Conclusiones: cada subfamilia y la mayoría de las tribus estudiadas presentan patrones morfológicos específicos que pueden ser incluso utilizados como caracteres taxonómicos.

Abstract Objective: to determine the degree of variation of the structural components of the left tegmina in relation to the right tegmina, and how their pattern of variation is within and among taxa of Tettigoniidae. Methods: A total of 192 specimens from the Colombian Andean Region, the Amazon, and the Brazilian Atlantic Forest were dissected. Th e tegminas were photographed and six anatomical points were located on them, which were used to perform ANOVA Procrustes morphometric analyzes and main components obtained from the matrices of the covariance of the symmetric and asymmetric effect. Results: Asymmetry is highly significant both for the superfamily and the subfamilies level. However, the group differentiation by side was very significant for the family and in the subfamilies except for Pseudophyllinae. Conclusions: Each subfamily and most of the tribes studied present specific morphological patterns that can even be used as taxonomic characters.

https://doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2018.22.1.13 1227 downloads

Taxonomy of Xylographellini (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Australian and Oriental regions with descriptions of new species of Scolytocis and Xylographella
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Souza-Gonçalves, Igor

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2017, Volume 34 elocation e13730

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Xylographellini beetles occur mainly in lands of the Southern Hemisphere. However, the taxonomy of Australian and Oriental species is incipient. The tribe comprises four genera, of which Scolytocis Blair, 1928 and Xylographella Miyatake, 1985 were recently redescribed and reported from Australia but without descriptions of new species. Here, three new species of Xylographellini are described: Scolytocis australimontensis sp. n. from Australia, with smooth interspaces of pronotal punctures; Scolytocis insularis sp. n. from the Pohnpei Island (Caroline Islands, Micronesia), with microstriated interspaces of pronotal punctures; and Xylographella frithae sp. n. from Australia, with six raised keels in elytral declivity. Scolytocis samoensis Blair, 1928, type species of the genus, is recorded from Guam (Mariana Islands, Micronesia) and redescribed. Keys for the Scolytocis and Xylographella occurring in the Australian and Oriental regions are also provided.

https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e13730 1075 downloads

A new species of Lelegeis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperini) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
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Aloquio, Sergio

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2017, Volume 34 elocation e19990

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Lelegeis Champion, 1886 occurs only in the Neotropical region and comprises four species: L. aeneipennis Champion, 1886 from Mexico; L. apicalis Laporte & Brullé, 1831 from Cuba; L. hispaniolae Triplehorn, 1962 from Haiti and the Dominican Republic; and L. nigrifrons (Chevrolat, 1878) occurring in Brazil, Mexico, Panama, Peru and Venezuela. Here, Lelegeis pytanga sp. nov. is described based on specimens collected in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, and the first detailed description of the sclerites of the male and female terminalia of Lelegeis is produced. The new species can be easily distinguished from the other Lelegeis by its dull reddish brown to reddish orange elytral coloration, while the remaining body surface is dull black. The morphology of Lelegeis and its generic boundaries within Diaperinae are discussed.

https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e19990 1165 downloads

A new species of Falsocis (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Atlantic Forest biome with new geographic records and an updated identification key for the species of the genus
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Araujo, Lucimar Soares de

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2016, Volume 33 Nº 1 elocation e20150173

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Species of Falsocis are very distinct from members of other ciid genera and are relatively uniform morphologically. The genus has been recorded only from well preserved forests in the Neotropical region, from Costa Rica to southern Brazil. We describe Falsocis sooretama sp. nov. based on adult individuals collected at Reserva Biológica de Sooretama (Sooretama, state of Espírito Santo), a conservation unit of the Atlantic Forest biome. Falsocis sooretama sp. nov. is closely related to F. occultus Lopes-Andrade & Lawrence, but differs from it in possessing sparser stout bristles and very minute setae (~0.01 mm) on elytra, and apex of anterior male pronotal plate rounded rather than acute. The male genitalia of F. sooretama sp. nov. and F. occultus are conspicuously different: in the former the penis is enlarged at apex and the apical lobes of tegmen are not emarginated (each lobe has only a small excavation in the outer edge). Individuals of F. sooretama sp. nov. were found inside the basidiomes of an unidentified species of Hymenochaetaceae, possibly belonging to Phellinus . We also provide additional geographic records and an updated identification key to all Falsocis species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150173 1265 downloads

10.

Redescription of immature stages and adults of Nilio (Nilio ) brunneus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Nilioninae)
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Aloquio, Sergio

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2016, Volume 33 Nº 2 elocation e20150191

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT We described immature stages of Nilio (Nilio ) brunneus Thomson, 1860 and provide a supplementary description for adults, including new data on the anatomy of the female and male terminalia. We observed N. brunneus feeding on the lichen Parmotrema sp., and that immature and adult are gregarious, with sessile pupae and generations overlapping. In laboratory, eggs hatched in 14 days and adults emerged after seven days in the pupal stage, the adults survived only a few days.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150191 1635 downloads

11.

Ceracis zarathustrai sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Atlantic Forest biome
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Pecci-Maddalena, Ítalo S.C.

; Sandoval-Gómez, Vivian Eliana

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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Out 2014, Volume 31 Nº 5 Páginas 482 - 488

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Ceracis Mellié, 1849 is the second most speciose genus of Ciidae, with 51 described species. Here we describe Ceracis zarathustrai sp. nov. based on adult individuals collected in three remnants of the Atlantic Forest biome (states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo). We provide information on its host fungi and briefly discuss the morphological affinities with other species of the genus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702014000500008 1760 downloads

12.

Effect of the systemic administration of methylprednisolone on the lungs of brain-dead donor rats undergoing pulmonary transplantation
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Araujo, Luiz Felipe Lopes

; Holand, Arthur Rodrigo Ronconi

; Paludo, Artur de Oliveira

; Silva, Everton Franco

; Forgiarini, Luiz Alberto

; Forgiarini, Luiz Felipe

; Barbachan e Silva, Mariel

; Andrade, Cristiano Feijo

Clinics

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Fev 2014, Volume 69 Nº 2 Páginas 128 - 133

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Most lung transplants are obtained from brain-dead donors. The physiopathology of brain death involves hemodynamics, the sympathetic nervous system, and inflammatory mechanisms. Administering methylprednisolone 60 min after inducing brain death in rats has been shown to modulate pulmonary inflammatory activity. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of methylprednisolone on transplanted rat lungs from donors treated 60 min after brain death. METHODS: Twelve Wistar rats were anesthetized, and brain death was induced. They were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6), namely a control group, which was administered saline solution, and a methylprednisolone group, which received the drug 60 min after the induction of brain death. All of the animals were observed and ventilated for 2 h prior to being submitted to lung transplantation. We evaluated the hemodynamic and blood gas parameters, histological score, lung tissue levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, level of superoxide dismutase, level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and level of interleukin-1 beta. RESULTS: After transplantation, a significant reduction in the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1β was observed in the group that received methylprednisolone (p = 0.0084 and p = 0.0155, respectively). There were no significant differences in tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide dismutase levels between the control and methylprednisolone groups (p = 0.2644 and p = 0.7461, respectively). There were no significant differences in the blood gas parameters, hemodynamics, and histological alterations between the groups. CONCLUSION: The administration of methylprednisolone after brain death in donor rats reduces inflammatory activity in transplanted lungs but has no influence on parameters related to oxidative stress.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2014(02)09 1742 downloads

13.

A new species of Laranda Walker 1869 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae) from remnant patches of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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Mews, Carina M.

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

; Sperber, Carlos F.

Neotropical Entomology

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Ago 2008, Volume 37 Nº 4 Páginas 420 - 425

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O gênero Laranda possui seis espécies descritas e está confinado ao Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. Neste trabalho é descrita uma nova espécie, e a biologia e a distribuição do gênero são discutidas. A nova espécie pode ser distinguida das demais espécies do gênero pelas seguintes características: ausência de manchas amarelas no pronoto e base das tíbias posteriores; papila copulatória da fêmea: esclerotização em vista dorsal formando ângulos agudos opostos e lobos apicais estreitos e pequenos; genitália do macho: processo mediano do pseudepifalo curto e largo; parâmero pseudepifálico com ápice curvado e dobra ectofálica ultrapassando o ápice dos parâmeros. O gênero se distribui dentro do bioma Mata Atlântica; a nova espécie é encontrada sobre troncos de árvores, bem como sobre serrapilheira florestal.

The genus Laranda has six described species and is confined to South and Southeast of Brazil. We describe a new species and discuss the biology and distribution of the genus. The new species can be distinguished from its known congeners by the following characteristics: absence of yellow spots on pronotum and base of posterior tibiae; female copulatory papilla: sclerotization in dorsal view forming opposing acute angles, apical lobes narrow and small; male genitalia: pseudepiphallic median process short and wide; pseudepiphallic paramere with apex incurved and ectophallic fold surpassing apex of the parameres. The genus is distributed within the Atlantic Forest biome; the new species is found on tree trunks, as well as on forest leaf litter.

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14.

Association of Ceracis cornifer (Mellié) (Coleoptera: Ciidae) with the bracket fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus (Basidiomycetes: Polyporaceae)
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Gumier-Costa, Fabiano

; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

; Zacaro, Adilson A.

Neotropical Entomology

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Jun 2003, Volume 32 Nº 2 Páginas 359 - 360

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Duas novas coletas de Ceracis cornifer (Mellié) na Região Sudeste do Brasil são relatadas, descrevendo a associação dessa espécie com o fungo orelha-de-pau Pycnoporus sanguineus. A associação de outras espécies do grupo Ceracis furcifer Mellié com esse fungo é discutida.

Two new records of Ceracis cornifer (Mellié) in the Southeast Region of Brazil are presented here, describing the association of this species with the bracket fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus. The association of other species of the Ceracis furcifer Mellié group with this fungus is discussed.

2173 downloads

15.

Why do male Xylographus contractus Mellié (Coleoptera: Ciidae) present abdominal fovea? Evidence of sexual pheromone secretion
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Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano

; Gumier-Costa, Fabiano

; Sperber, Carlos F.

Neotropical Entomology

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Jun 2003, Volume 32 Nº 2 Páginas 217 - 220

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A maioria dos machos de ciídeos possuem uma fóvea no primeiro urosternito. Foram testadas duas hipóteses alternativas para explicar a função da fóvea abdominal em machos de Xylographus contractus Mellié: (i) a fóvea secreta feromônio sexual, e (ii) a fóvea secreta feromônio de agregação. Para isso, avaliou-se a resposta de 59 indivíduos, separadamente, a dois estímulos olfativos (extrato da fóvea e controle) em olfatômetro tipo Y. Nas análises, consideraram-se as respostas dos 47 indivíduos que se dirigiram a um dos braços do olfatômetro. A probabilidade de se deslocar em direção ao extrato de fóvea foi maior para fêmeas do que para machos (chi2 = 3,94, P = 0,047). A proporção de machos que se dirigiram para cada um dos braços do olfatômetro foi a mesma (chi2 = 0,29, P = 0,59). A fóvea abdominal dos machos secreta feromônio sexual, não sendo secretado nenhum feromônio de agregação por essa mesma estrutura. Sugere-se que o feromônio sexual seja usado em comunicação a curta distância, mediando mecanismos pré-copulatórios.

Most male ciids present a fovea in the first urosternite. We tested two alternative hypotheses for the function of male abdominal fovea in Xylographus contractus Mellié: (i) the fovea secretes sexual pheromone, and (ii) the fovea secretes aggregation pheromone. For this, 59 specimens were submitted, separately, to two stimuli (fovea extracts and control) in an y-shaped glass olfactometer. For the analyses, we considered the 47 individuals that moved toward one of the longer olfactometer branches. The probability of moving toward the fovea extract was greater for females than for males (chi2 = 3.94, P = 0.047). The proportion of males that moved toward any of the olfactometer branches was the same (chi2 = 0.29, P = 0.59). We concluded that the male's abdominal fovea secretes a sexual pheromone and that there is no aggregation pheromone being secreted by this structure. We suggested that this sexual pheromone is used for short-range communication, acting in pre-copulatory courtship.

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